Paper Money - Vol. XLII, No. 3 - Whole No. 225 - May - June 2003

Official Jo rnal of t Society of Paper Money Collectors VOL. XLII, No. 3 WHOLE No. 225 MAY/JUNE 2003 WWW. SPMC . 0 RG You SAY YOU COLLECT NATIONALS? BOY, HAVE WE GOT THE GOODIES FOR YOU IN THIS ISSUE LARGE SIZE, SMALL SIZE, OVER SIZED, OVER LOOKED 80 JAM- PACKED PAGES WORTH! niluk .i0251.12A PENNSYLVANIA WILL PAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND eta " at" Vivo itiAlk %At'[t1N.\t.OE Er '%t ' T E0009 OUR SECOND NATIONAL CURRENCY SPECIAL •ISSUE E • f747:7""'" Ant i %- t - cf:a144, THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF GETTYSBURG ••-••••••••.' ESTABLISHED 1880 Life Member Stephen Goldsmith Scott Lindquist Our Outstanding Team of Experts Can Help You Get the Most for Your Collection You've spent years putting together an outstanding collection, and now you are ready to sell. Will the people who handle the disposition of your collection know as much about it as you do? They will at Smythe! Confederate Currency and Bonds; Continental and Colonial Currency; Obsolete Bank Notes; International Currency. DOUGLAS BALL BA, Wooster; MA, Yale; MBA Columbia; PhD, University of London. Author of the books Financial Failure and Confederate Defeat and Comprehensive History and Catalog of Confederate Bonds. Dr. Ball has written more than 50 articles for Bank Note Reporter and has received the Heath Literary Award for Numismatic Articles. Recipient of the Numismatic Ambassador Award 2001, bestowed by Numismatic News. Member: ANA, SPMC. U.S. Federal er National Currency; U.S. Fractional Currency; Small Size U.S. Currency; U.S. MPC. P"' MARTIN GENGERKE Author of U.S. Paper Money articles in Paper Money Magazine, the Essay Proof Journal Bank Note Reporter and Financial History. Winner of the only award bestowed by the Numismatic Literary Guild for excellence in cataloging, and the 1999 President's Medal from the American Numismatic Association. Member: ANA, SPMC. Autographs; Manuscripts; Photographs; International Stocks and Bonds. DIANA HERZOG President, R.M. Smythe & Co., Inc. BA, University of London; MA, New York University— Institute of Fine Arts. Former Secretary, Bond and Share Society; Past President, Manuscript Society; Editorial Board, Financial History. Board Member: PADA. Small Size U.S. Currency; Canadian Banknote Issues; U.S. Coins. SCOTT LINDQUIST BA, Minot State University, Business Administration/Management. Contributor to the Standard Guide to Small Size U.S. Paper Money & U.S. Paper Money Records. Professional Numismatist and sole proprietor of The Coin Cellar for 16 years. Life Member: ANA, CSNS. Member: PCDA, FCCB, SPMC. Why do so many collectors and major dealers consign to Smythe's Auctions? • Competitive commission rates • Cash advances available • Expert staff of numismatic specialists • Thoroughly researched • Flexible terms and beautifully illustrated • Record breaking prices catalogues U.S. Coins and Medals. JAY ERLICHMAN Contributor to A Guide Book of U.S. Coins and A Guide Book of British Coins. Assembled and managed investment portfolios of U.S. coins. Employed by the Federal Trade Commission as an expert witness on consumer fraud. Member: ANA, PCGS, NGC. Antique Stocks and Bonds; U.S. Coins; Paper Money. STEPHEN GOLDSMITH Executive Vice President, R.M. Smythe & Co., Inc. BA, Brooklyn College. Contributor to Paper Money of the United States, Collecting U.S. Obsolete Currency Financial History, and Smart Money. Editor, An Illustrated Catalogue of Early North American Advertising Notes; Past President and Board Member, Professional Currency Dealers Association. Member: PCDA, ANA, SPMC, IBSS, New England Appraisers Association. Ancient Coins and Medals. JOHN LAVENDER BA, University of Georgia, Classical History. Former Managing Director at Atlantis, Ltd. Former Numismatist and Web Media Manager at Classical Numismatic Group, Inc. Specialist in Ancient Coinages and related Numismatic Literature. Owner, NUM_LIT-L and Moneta.org . Member: ANA, ANS, RNS. Ancient Coins and Medals. DAVID VAG I BA, University of Missouri—Columbia. Author of Coinage and History of the Roman Empire; columnist for The Celator; Numismatic News, and World Coin News. Editor of the Journal for the Society for Ancient Numismatics; twice received the Numismatic Literary Guild's "Best Column" award. A recipient of the American Numismatic Association's Heath Literary Award and the Presidential Award. Member: ANA, ANS. We buy, sell, and auction the very best in Antique Stocks and Bonds, Autographs, Banknotes, Coins, Historic Americana, and Vintage Photography 26 Broadway, Suite 973, New York, NY 10004-1703 TEL: 212-943-1880 TOLL FREE: 800-622-1880 FAX: 212-908-4670 E-MAIL: info@smytheonline.com INTERNET: www.smytheonline.com Records and American Numismatic Auctions as well as numerous TERMS AND CONDITIONS PAPER MONEY is published every other month beginning in January by the Society of Paper Money Collectors (SPMC). Second-class postage is paid at Dover, DE 19901. Postmaster send address changes to Secretary Tom Minerley, P.O. Box 7155, Albany, NY 12224-0155 O Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc., 2003. All rights reserved. Reproduction of any article, in whole or in part, without express written permis- sion, is prohibited. Individual copies of this issue of PAPER MONEY are available from the Secretary for $6 postpaid. Send changes of address, inquiries concerning non-delivery, and requests for additional copies of this issue to the Secretary. MANUSCRIPTS Manuscripts not under consideration elsewhere and publications for review should be sent to the Editor. Accepted manuscripts will be published as soon as possible; however, publication in a spe- cific issue cannot be guaranteed. Include an SASE for acknowledgment, if desired. Opinions expressed by authors do not necessarily reflect those of the SPMC. Manuscripts should be typed (one side of paper only), double-spaced with at least 1-inch margins. The author's name, address and telephone num- ber should appear on the first page. Authors should retain a copy for their records. Authors are encouraged to submit a copy on a 3 1/2-inch MAC disk, identified with the name and version of software used. A double-spaced printout must accompany the disk. Authors may also transmit articles via e-mail to the Editor at the SPMC web site (fred@spmc.org ). Original illustrations are preferred. Scans should be grayscale at 300 dpi. Jpegs are preferred. Inquire about other formats. ADVERTISING • All advertising copy and correspondence should be sent to the Editor • All advertising is payable in advance To keep rates at a minimum, all advertising must be prepaid according to the schedule below. In exceptional cases where special artwork or addi- tional production is required, the advertiser will be notified and billed accordingly. Rates are not commissionable; proofs are not supplied. Advertising Deadline: Copy must be received by the Editor no later than the first day of the month preceding the cover date of the issue (for exam- ple, Feb. 1 for the March/April issue). With advance approval, camera-ready copy, or elec- tronic ads in Quark Express on a MAC zip disk or CD-Rom with fonts supplied, may be accepted up to 10 days later. ADVERTISING RATES Space 1 time 3 times 6 times Outside back cover $500 $1350 $2500 Inside cover 400 1100 2000 Full page 360 1000 1800 Half page 180 500 900 Quarter page 90 250 450 Eighth page 45 125 225 Requirements: Full page, 42 x 57 picas; half-page may be either vertical or horizontal in format. Single-column width, 20 picas. Except covers, page position may be requested, but not guaran- teed. All screens should be 150 line or 300 dpi. Advertising copy shall be restricted to paper cur- rency, allied numismatic material, publications, and related accessories. The SPMC does not guar- antee advertisements, but accepts copy in good faith, reserving the right to reject objectionable material or edit copy. SPMC assumes no financial responsibility for typographical errors in ads, but agrees to reprint that portion of an ad in which a typographical error occurs upon prompt notification. PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 129 Paper Money Official Bimonthly Publication of The Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc. Vol. XLII, No. 3 Whole No. 225 MAY/JUNE 2003 ISSN 0031-1162 FRED L. REED III, Editor, P.O. Box 793941, Dallas, TX 75379 Visit the SPMC web site: www.spmc.org IN THIS ISSUE FEATURES A Primer to Texas Large Size Nationals 131 By Steve Ivy and Jason Bradford Union Planters NB&T Co. Memphis, Tennessee Rug 144 By Frank Clark Vandergrift, Pennsylvania, the 'Town for the People' 150 By Eric Vicker The Life & Hard Times of Ed Mays 153 By Ronald L. Horstman Myrtle T. Bradford & Nancy R. Bradford, National Bank Presidents . 172 By Karl Sanford Kabelac Collecting Gettysburg Series of 1929 National Bank Notes 176 By Lee Lofthus The Willius Brothers of St. Paul and Ethnic Banking in Minnesota .. 190 By Steve Schroeder The Paper Column: Newly Discovered $5 National Currency Back . .204 By Peter Huntoon SOCIETY NEWS Information & Officers 130 Noted Confederate Authority Dr. Douglas Ball Dies 139 No George W. Wait Prize Awarded This Year 142 Tremmel Catalogs Bogus Confederate Notes 148 St. Louis 2002 SPMC Board Meeting Report 169 SPMC Co-sponsors Grading Forum at CPMX in February 170 New Members 191 Research Exchange 193 President's Column 200 By Frank Clark Money Mart 200 Official Announcement: Mississippi Obsolete Notes Ordering Instructions 201 Paper Money's Upcoming Ad Deadlines/Ad Rates 201, 202 Contributions to Wismer & Wait Funds Rise 203 SPMC Librarian's Notes 206 By Bob Schreiner Editor's Notebook 206 SPMC's first Wismer obsolete book in several years -- Kentucky -- is ready; see ordering instructions on page 201 SOCIETY OF PAPER MONEY COLLECTORS INC. 130 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Society of Paper Money Collectors The Society of Paper Money Collectors (SPMC) was orga- nized in 1961 and incorporated in 1964 as a non-profit organiza- tion under the laws of the District of Columbia. It is affiliat- ed with the American Numismatic Association. The annual SPMC meeting is held in June at the Memphis IPMS (International Paper Money Show). Up-to-date information about the SPMC and its activities can be found on its Internet web site www.spmc.org . MEMBERSHIP—REGULAR and LIFE. Applicants must be at least 18 years of age and of good moral character. Members of the ANA or other recognized numismatic societies are eligible for member- ship; other applicants should be sponsored by an SPMC member or provide suitable references. MEMBERSHIP—JUNIOR. Applicants for Junior membership must be from 12 to 18 years of age and of good moral character. Their application must be signed by a parent or guardian. Junior mem- bership numbers will be preceded by the letter "j," which will be removed upon notification to the Secretary that the member has reached 18 years of age. Junior members are not eligible to hold office or vote. DUES—Annual dues are $30. Members in Canada and Mexico should acid $5 to cover postage; members throughout the rest of the world add $10. Life membership — payable in installments within one year is $600, $700 for Canada and Mexico, and $800 elsewhere. The Society has dispensed with issuing annual mem- bership cards, but paid up members may obtain one from the Secretary for an SASE (self-addressed, stamped envelope). Members who join the Society prior to October 1 receive the magazines already issued in the year in which they join. Members who join after October 1 will have their dues paid through December of the following year; they also receive, as a bonus, a copy of the magazine issued in November of the year in which they joined. Dues renewals appear in the Sept/Oct Paper Money. Checks should be sent to the Society Secretary. OFFICERS ELECTED OFFICERS: PRESIDENT Frank Clark, P.O. Box 117060, Carrollton, TX 75011-7060 VICE-PRESIDENT Wendell A. Wolka, P.O. Box 1211, Greenwood, IN 46142 SECRETARY Bob Cochran, P.O. Box 1085, Florissant, MO 63031 TREASURER Mark Anderson, 335 Court St., Suite 149, Brooklyn, NY 11231 BOARD OF GOVERNORS: Benny J. Bolin, 5510 Bolin Rd., Allen, TX 75002 Bob Cochran, P.O. Box 1085, Florissant, MO 63031 Gene Hessler, P.O. Box 31144, Cincinnati, OH 45231 Ronald L. Horstman, 5010 Timber Ln., Gerald, MO 63037 Arri "AJ" Jacob, P.O. Box 1649, Minden, NV 89423-1649 Judith Murphy, P.O. Box 24056, Winston-Salem, NC 27114 Fred L. Reed III, P.O. Box 793941, Dallas, TX 75379-3941 Robert Schreiner, P.O. Box 2331, Chapel Hill, NC 27515- 2331 Steven K. Whitfield, 879 Stillwater Ct., Weston, FL 33327 APPOINTEES: EDITOR Fred L. Reed III, P.O. Box 793941, Dallas, TX 75379-3941 CONTRIBUTING EDITOR Gene Hessler, P.O. Box 31144, Cincinnati, OH 45231 ADVERTISING MANAGER Wendell A. Wolka, P.O. Box 1211, Greenwood, IN 46142 LEGAL COUNSEL Robert J. Galiette, 3 Teal Ln., Essex, CT 06426 LIBRARIAN Robert Schreiner, P.O. Box 2331, Chapel Hill, NC 27515-2331 MEMBERSHIP DIRECTOR Frank Clark, P.O. Box 117060, Carrollton, TX 75011-7060 PAST PRESIDENT Bob Cochran, P.O. Box 1085, Florissant, MO 63031 1929 NATIONALS PROJECT COORDINATOR David B. Hollander, 406 Viduta PI, Huntsville, AL 35801-1059 WISMER BOOK PROJECT COORDINATOR Steven K. Whitfield, 879 Stillwater Ct., Weston, FL 33327 BUYING AND SELLING CSA and Obsolete Notes CSA Bonds, Stocks & Financial Items 60-Page Catalog for $5.00 Refundable with Order ANA-LM SCNA PCDA CHARTER MBR HUGH SHULL P.O. Box 761, Camden, SC 29020 (803) 432-8500 FAX (803) 432-9958 SPMC LM 6 BRNA FUN ofinnitj mfitemtaggRERWCaailtal aulatight stx. rimy usTir 21426357 11 3 OR OTHER SOCITIOTIIIM 'VII I.: ),:ge2 //ge -X1,;//Ye; Jahr •Xl-9/1/ 6 141111r,fir, "0 r PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 131 A Primer to Texas Large Size Nationals By Steve Ivy and Jason Bradford F ROM 1863 TO 1935, MORE THAN 14,000 NATIONAL BANKSin the United States issued currency that was backed by the Federalgovernment, but bore the imprint of each issuing bank. NationalBank Notes saw their birth during the Civil War and served in the channels of commerce for more than seven decades, until another crisis, this time a great financial depression, finally ended their storied history. Collectors treasure these relics of our nation's past, and National Bank Notes often pro- vide a local financial history that interests those who might not otherwise col- lect old currency. In Texas alone, 917 banks in 448 towns and cities issued National Bank Notes; thus the variation in which collections might be assembled is as varied as the number of collectors. These fascinating pieces of financial memorabilia provide a link to our nation's past and the more localized economic system of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and they continue to grow in popularity among collectors and non-collectors alike. The Van Zandt County National Bank of Wills Point Texas issued only Second Charter notes, and this Date Back $10 (Fr #545) is the only report- ed survivor out of $1,270 oustanding when the bank closed in 1931. SEf CUED Iit 11,1 No1111■111:Ai IIONDS SECUlirriES'or% AtA• OWL1p.AW,#)fiajjARC#A7061801 .'" SMUT" Ntop RigI gip two 266 ell 132 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Throughout the history of the American economy through the Civil War, paper money was distrusted by a majority of Americans. The U.S. gov- ernment issued no widespread circulating paper money until 1861, and prior to the Civil War, all paper money was privately issued by individual banks or other institutions. Many of these banks failed, and a number of them were operated primarily to defraud the public, so some states even began to ban the issuance of paper currency. Some notes were worth nothing more than the paper they were printed on. Other notes were perfectly redeemable but, depending on how far the bearer of a certain note might be from the issuing institution, the currency might trade at a discount to its redeemable value, based on the transaction costs of actually redeeming the note. This era of "wildcat banking" ended with the Civil War, and the begin- nings of United States federal paper money issues. The Act of February 25, 1863, authorized the chartering of national banks and the issuance of currency by these banks. The designs were to be the same for all of the banks, but the individual bank names and charter numbers would be printed on each note. Each national bank was required to purchase U.S. government bonds and was then authorized to issue currency up to the amount of government bonds that This very desirable $100 Third Charter Date Back (Fr #692) has bold signa- tures. It is one of four reported sin- gles and a sheet known of this rarity. it held. Thus, National Bank Notes fulfilled two purposes: they stabilized and standardized paper currency in the United States, and they provided another way for the U.S. government, which was in need of funds to finance the war effort by selling more bonds. The first national bank in Texas to receive a charter was the First National Bank of Galveston (#1566) in 1865, which issued notes until the end of the national banking era in 1935. During this 72-year period, a total of 917 national banks in Texas received charters and issued National Bank Notes. Large banks, such as the First National Bank of Galveston and others like it, often issued $1 million or more in currency, while a small bank would typically issue much less. The First National Bank of Turnersville was in business for only six months in 1907 and 1908, and issued a paltry total of $6,250. Notes that were issued by local banks often ended up in circulation far from their place of issue and were returned to the Treasury Department. Since these notes were financial obligations of the issuer, the banks would redeem them from the Treasury Department with Legal Tender Notes or gold coinage. When the issuing banks received them back from the Treasury, they would either reissue the National Bank Notes or send them back to be destroyed. Over time, most banks redeemed and destroyed a large majority of their notes. As a result, only a tiny fraction of the total notes that were issued survive today. NAMPA!) 0.01.4ffligeo,ituttatuji ffl.--isEerwron.v. „ratt r r r OR OTHER SECUIRITIRS 101.711■1114)11 C;00-7„ °-A.• 404:?> 0"Mlifi .41■11411x . Xto go X IN X • wit wipiN 11) on Del ilatt( . ‘f. -1-441PIWAINL (TRIORNCT., .41.day,, yi sEe•t 01.41,01 , 7. " • ) W111:11011134.kAribitriT iit MItikinatOlt. 42.5 r •'-"A;)e't 4„ke/ NATION .t.1, Olt trillitlit SEM •••'7" . VT1,-^.11s , frArrr 47,!). , 20 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 133 Notes from larger banks, such as the Republic National Bank of Dallas, are relatively common, while notes from the smaller banks are predictably rare. Some banks that issued notes, including the Lockney National Bank in Lockney, Texas, an ephemeral bank that was in business from July to September of 1908 and issued a total of only $6,250 in currency, had all of its notes redeemed. There are many banks in Texas that are currently unreport- From top: City National Bank of Taylor Second Charter Date Back $10 (Fr #545), First NB of El Paso First Charter $10 (Fr #420), and American NB of Austin Second Charter Date Back $50 (Fr #563). May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY134 BUYING SERIAL NUMBER ONE NATIONAL BANKNOTES --large, small, uncut sheets-- 4 vi,..=_k-itsA.,..,,,,,,,, '7(17,::::- THE FIAST i F000001A NATIONAL AM OF S IN rA FL 1' I NE11 MEM., ; ',., , F000001,1 PLI---:, ItLE:12Z:II3r=11-___..1--,-- ___ (IOU " - — --"IMagnigiagagovil 2,/.=? 9': ' INE C000001A Num. ow NF z., _----77.\\ BROOKVILLE 3 PEHISSYLVA NIA, 0 iiiiii -TIZ71;a17ri S* _.„ or 5 t -,l000001A 11 lin0 - Intill.fier2117472t FREDERICK J. BART [586] 979-3400 MICR WALLIGCVliltlIEVICS PENPLIS-TIEENis -,.:.• 0000001A NATIONAL BANE IF WATER'VELLF - o rm. ,.. 1 G3 ri■ii);;;11"%it'14 `' ., --; R000001A 4 7. , nW/WW: MINIEP.BALLLIMILM _ I c., to ..vrvvv. v .4-7reiriTi - '0 1 :674 *iffirt:t;_ THE UNION ,s, E000001A - NOM BIM OF TROY 1 9 NIVNYORR I Furry INOCIAIIS ' ..,, E000001 A , r ii,Tx 6 " , I "--_ rxrivnortAit PO Box 2 Roseville, MI 48066 E-mail: BartIncCor@aol.com 1...f., pomslo „ 'tat(tal NIIMISMAIISTS I F ;Ulu . INC p MEMBER About this issue: By all accounts collecting of "hometown" bank notes, that is National Currency from one's own locality, is one of the most popular ways to assemble a paper money collection. These notes are interesting, colorful and available; and sev- eral aficianados of this specialty have also taken the time -- pen in hand -- to share their inter- ests with the membership in this, our 2nd Annual National Bank Note Special Issue. In addition to the excellent articles, these issues are made possible by the financial sup- port of our SPMC dealer/mem- bers "who vote with their pock- etbook" to support the Society's robust publishing program. Collectors can "vote with their pocketbooks" too by sup- porting SPMC dealer/members. Check out their ads in this issue and their inventories at their shops, at show bourses, and online. And don't forget to tell them "I saw your ad in PAPER MONEY," your award-winning bimonthly journal. -- Editor NUMISMANIA RARE COINS P.O. BOX 847 -- Flemington, NJ 08822 Office: (908) 782-1635 Fax: (908) 782-6235 Jess Lipka, Proprietor NOBODY PAYS MORE - NntIonniCairr•ntry UNITED STATES OF AN ERICA • ‘. K820768: PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 135 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * TROPHY NATIONALS Buying All 50 States, Territorials, Entire State and Regional Collections, Red Seals, Brown Backs, Statistical Rarities, New Jersey. Also Buying Coin Collections and Type NO DEAL TOO LARGE!* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * •136 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY ed—notes from these banks, either by attrition, loss, or redemption, are simply unknown to today's collectors. During the national banking era, currency designs went through several major changes. There are four different major design types for each denomi- nation and two different sizes. All notes issued after 1928 look very similar to today's U.S. currency. They are the same size and had similar designs to other classes of U.S. currency before the recent redesign of the Federal Reserve Notes, except that each has the imprint of the issuing bank instead of the Federal Reserve bank imprint. Those notes issued prior to 1928 were larger in size and had more elabo- rate designs. There were three different major large-size design types for each denomination, one for each of the charter periods: the First Charter notes issued by banks that were chartered from 1863 to 1882; the Second Charter Notes issued by banks chartered from 1882 to 1902 and earlier banks whose charter was renewed; and the Third Charter Notes that were issued by banks chartered after 1902 and renewed banks. Since national bank charters typically Only Second Charter Brown Backs were issued by the Paris NB of Paris, TX. This $5 (Fr #475) is unreported in the Kelly reference. lasted for 20 years, many banks issued notes under each of the different charter periods. Some of the earliest notes printed are among the perennial collector favorites, including the First Charter $1 and $2 bills. The First Charter $2 note, known by the moniker "Lazy Deuce" because of the "reclining" position of the large numeral two on the note, has always been popular, and for many states, it is quite rare as a design type. In fact, there is only one known "Lazy Deuce" from Texas—a heavily worn note from the National Exchange Bank of Houston. Another popular design is the Second Charter $5 Brown Back design (with the reverse design printed in brown ink and dominated by an ele- gant engraving of the bank charter number). Thankfully for collectors, a small hoard of high-grade notes from the First National Bank of Shiner, Texas, was kept at the time of issue and has since been dispersed to appreciative specialists. There are as many different ways to collect National Bank Notes as there are collectors. Many collectors begin by obtaining notes from their hometown or perhaps all of the cities and towns in which he or she has lived, attempting to acquire one note from each bank in that town or city. Other variations include collections from just one bank or town, but which include notes from each design or denomination. Many collectors attempt to obtain notes from each of the states or territories, while others might collect notes of one particu- lar design type. Spectacular collections exist that consist only of notes with the serial number "1", the first notes issued of a design from the issuing bank. Other collectors have broader goals—perhaps to collect one note from y.kwometwiteamonswAmommasenswawe nr- JOAO 44k,L11,:itid jsyrJAZ / 1/7///):%)//7 /w ///////////if a If exr: r/(2 ?",/ • c4. viamotiii, CIIRRtivev: 4106Wing=',,,,,,: '' , iotiine is ...Eye... f.,1,17). ...77 r I GOOf ,:4, ) I. ' 17 '77-",''' `s-S nosos or, . •or 1_ quirostriat,.'-:-- h.1434,41a ifi:iirvt.rlikiellt! :45.tE • I ' • .ssateRWIE SARUN- --Z. tilZ SFATH.FZIP ittoDS or2zrif: rietwograilifiittitt tiiiamisiorranthittiitouti‹,83557 A 20 4,4_."4r ,Wron41% A() .4() 0.11,ENTY yam -doe„ //,,,„/4 ; kr.mg pjf kl• PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 137 001103 A at.;;It AAA, 111MIF,movitioe. ..... J1 ONE each town in a state or even from each bank in a state. While such large collec- tions are technically impossible to "finish" (Nationals from more than 180 banks from Texas are currently unknown), efforts that come close to "com- pleteness" are truly impressive. One such collection was assembled by Texan William Philpott, who as the longtime secretary of the Texas Bankers Association, began acquiring Texas National Bank Notes in the 1920s and 1930s. By the late 1960s, when his collection was disbursed and the majority of From top: The National Bank of Texas at Galveston $1 (Fr 4380) represents the sec- ond NB in the entire state. The unique First Charter $5 (Fr -7402) on the City National Bank of Ft. Worth is ex-Bass Collection. Bottom: another ex-Bass note, a $20 First Charter (Fr #434) on the City NB of Dallas. - -- - -c..-c . ----- , 7i iiin".E is ..97,Y.!,11Exivi., 4",-; ,,04 ' ), , B 33887-. . ijr.3/0,X-111:• N. W.I.:Li '2,14W. s t. aj --'45 t;s:ttwill 11:21 v7pA 1:01x, s NalitianalCurrematir,1;,- '-‘,.1/4..., 5101411IMI•11100•111H OSSOIKSIMIRMIT•ltatiSoMIVott -. '' • ' ' ''''0 ' • 41, UNITED STATES OFAMERICA e- - t"-. A959122:- ... • . • alfrkir'“Wr 7961 'VAN 44.f.catgagt MCLAAE,1uu 0itV.i Hyow, tratailo. *OM% einijailittagitMLU MINAM mmiste I12‘"" s'") A6 trrutilt ,„ 49-E1 Iraromwogh -cprvAatirtwivn .4„, Afvoiln.,/,,Arravan . 1.747,9. 138 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Top: First Charter Series 1875 $5 (Fr #401) on The First NB of Dallas; a Third Charter Red Seal $10 (Fr # 614) on The Canyon NB; and a rare Second Charter Date Back "C" note (Fr #568) on picturesquely named The Red River NB of Clarksville. it was sold to the Moody Foundation of Galveston, it included an astounding number of notes, including many rarities and serial number "1" examples. More than 1,000 large-size notes were assembled in this collection, and many more small-size notes were also included. In the past several years, a number of notable collections of Texas nation- al bank notes have been sold at auction, including the J.L. Irish Collection, which included more than 2,000 notes from 340 + towns and cities (out of a MYLAR D® CURRENCY HOLDERS PRICED AS FOLLOWS BANK NOTE AND CHECK HOLDERS SIZE INCHES 50 100 500 1000 Fractional 43/4 x 3 3/4 $18.50 $33.50 $150.00 $260.00 Colonial 5 1/2 x 3 1 /16 19.00 35.00 160.00 290.00 Small Currency 6 5/8 x 2 7/a 19.50 37.50 165.00 310.00 Large Currency 7 7/8 x 3 1/2 22.00 41.00 184.00 340.00 Auction 9 x 3 3/4 24.00 44.00 213.00 375.00 Foreign Currency 8 x 5 27.50 50.00 226.00 400.00 Checks 95/8 x 4 1 /4 27.50 50.00 226.00 400.00 SHEET HOLDERS SIZE INCHES 10 50 100 250 Obsolete Sheet End Open 83/4 x 14 1 /2 $14.00 $61.00 $100.00 $226.00 National Sheet Side Open 81/2 x 17 1 /2 15.00 66.00 110.00 248.00 Stock Certificate End Open 91/2 x 12'/2 13.50 59.00 94.00 212.00 Map & Bond Size End Open 18 x 24 54.00 235.00 385.00 870.00 You may assort note holders for best price (min. 50 pcs. one size). You may assort sheet holders for best price (min. 5 pcs. one size) (min. 10 pcs. total). SHIPPING IN THE U.S. (PARCEL POST) FREE OF CHARGE Mylar a® is a Registered Trademark of the Dupont Corporation. This also applies to uncoated archival quality Mylar® Type D by the Dupont Corp. or the equivalent material by ICI Industries Corp. Melinex Type 516. DENLY'S OF BOSTON P.O. Box 51010, Boston, MA 02205 • 617-482-8477 ORDERS ONLY: 800-HI-DENLY • FAX 617-357-8163 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 139 Noted Confederate Authority, Dr. Douglas Ball Dies NOTED CONFEDERATE AND OBSOLETE NOTEauthority, Dr. Douglas B. Ball died March 13. Dr. Ball had been ill with leukemia for an extended period of time, but recently took the time to speak at the Society's CPMX forum, write for our Confederate Currency special issue of Paper Money and to be featured speaker at the Society's 40th anniversary membership meeting at the Memphis. "We are saddened to hear of Douglas' death," SPMC President Frank Clark said. "He will be missed by all the col- lectors his writings and personality have touched." The younger son of the Honorable George W. Ball and Ruth M. Ball, Douglas was born in Des Moines, IA in 1939. He received his M.A. in history at Yale University, M.B.A. at Columbia University, and PhD from the University of London. A prominent numismatic author, Ball was a 37-year mem- ber of SPMC (#1675 in 1966). His opus is Financial Failure and Confederate Defeat (1992). He also wrote Confederate Interim Depositary Receipts & Funding Certificates Issued in The Commonwealth of Virginia 1861-1865 (1972). In addition, Ball wrote more than 50 articles for Bank Note Reporter. The ANA awarded him its Heath Literary Award, and most recently Krause Publications gave Ball its Numismatic Ambassador Award in January 2002. At an early age Douglas Ball showed great interest in his- tory - especially in Confederate history, and he spent years researching and collecting Confederate paper money, bonds and related material. Because of his love for Southern numis- matic material, Ball accumulated a wealth of documents and •1 1 COLLECT FLORIDA •Obsolete Currency • •National Currency • •State & Territorial Issues • i • Scrip • •Bonds • Ron Benice 4452 Deer Trail Blvd. Sarasota, FL 34238 941 927 8765 Benice @ Prodigy. net information which he willingly shared with others. His collec- tion of Confederate material was auctioned in 1987, in con- junction with the Virginia Numismatic Society Convention. Douglas Ball lived in New York City where he was a Vice President and Director of Research for R.M. Smythe. He cata- logued and orchestrated retail sales of Confederate, obsolete, and Colonial currency, as well as state bonds and early stocks and bonds. Prior to joining R.M. Smythe, Ball had worked for NASCA. "Douglas had many friends in the field of numismatics. He had an encyclopedic memory, and knew a great deal about the history of many different peri- ods and cultures. He shared his knowledge freely with collec- tors and dealers alike," a colleague at Smythe said. In his private life, Ball was an active member of his church, and a fervent supporter of many charitable organiza- tions. He enjoyed playing bridge, going to the opera, and reading. Condolences can be sent to Smythe, 26 Broadway, Suite 973, New York, NY, 10004. i....c::::.:-D,14.- .tligf NA IL CURRE*ab. , ( ( iiii:N NOPII: is siferriti44,i;:..r.t# ) . 14 ' . ;I:" • ',' • f\ ' jk.._.-noivps or, . . .. - rimpostrikh ...._ _ •,1 7' Of litViAN;141zie't ∎ ; `ittlaa, ref Mr Dwony . ,,,„„, , t. „. _ V...40■4111.nkli..*Age„.-__ )M 0)1' (*We, AlmillwarCTOU.1444■1■iu 2612'?12'cw415)"allr N iTLONAL C atilviliCY. 375 sal utatu - io ts sort iStie ;/41 (////:4) 771 a ■ W. /7, // 41' Tooly(terusl DO ou la; t ( - OPF+V, eft '0111■4 V..1( .44111, ■"9/1tri .EN 140 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY From Top: another First Charter Series 1875 from The City NB of Dallas, this time a $10 (Fr #419); a First Charter Series 1875 $5 (Fr #402) on First BN of Fort Worth; and a Second Charter Brown Back $5 (Fr #471) on The South Texas NB of Houston. possible 448) and 590 banks in Texas. The Jack Everson Collection contained more than 350 Texas notes; while Warren D. Barton, whose collection was sold in April 2001, assembled 314 different notes from more than 200 Texas towns. Sam Feldman of Dallas acquired more than 400 Texas notes, over 100 of which were Second Charter "Brown Backs," and 11 of which were First Charter issues. R. Steven Ivy, co-chairman of Heritage Rare Coin Galleries, sold his collection of Texas National Bank Notes at auction in January 2001. PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 141 (Mt, SELECTIONS FROM OUR WEB SITE www.kyzivatcurrency.com AL $10 BB The Dothan NB, Ch#S5909 close at top, super pen sigs XF-AU $2,650 AL 1902 $10 The First NB of Tuskaloosa Ch#S1853 bold sigs VF+ $900 AR $20 Ty2 The First NB of Conway Ch#13719 very rare, 1 sale in 60+ yrs F-VF $2,500 KS 1902 $5 The First NB of Richmond Ch#11728 nice sigs, close at bottom VF $900 KY $10 Ty1 The NB of John A. Black of Barbourville Ch#7284 Great title! Fine $1,750 LA $5 Ty1 Commercial NB in Shreveport Ch#13648 Ser# C000001A ChCU+ $2,600 MN $10 BB The First NB of Duluth Ch#M3626 even wear, nice sigs Fine $625 MN $10 Ty1 First NB in Two Harbors Ch#12357 several pinholes at right VF $525 MO 1902 $5 The First NB of Nevada Ch#3959 great layout, purple sigs! VF $450 MO 1902 $10 The First NB of Tarkio Ch#3079 superb, 2 color pen sigs ChCU+ $1,250 TX $10 BB The Merchants NB of Houston Ch#5858 a beauty, pen sigs XF $3,750 VT Orig $2 Montpelier NB Ch#(857) nice sigs, 2 margin tears, nice look VF $3,500 VT $10 Ty1 The Richford NB Ch#11615 light soil, even wear F-VF $265 VA $10 Ty1 The First NB of Saltville Ch#11265 light folds, great look! XF $1,200 VA 02 $5 DB The First NB of Troutville Ch#S9764 very rare, nice sigs VF $3,400 WV $5 BB The First NB of Sistersville Ch#S5027 even wear, good sigs Fine $800 For the past 4 years we have sold many nice nationals to our customers. We also offer a nice selection of Large and Small Type Notes, CSA, Obsoletes, etc. Give us a try -- we think that you'll like what we have to offer! Thank You! Tim Kyzivat P.O. Box 451 Western Springs, IL 60558 (708)-784-0974 e mail us at tkyzivat@kyzivatcurrency.com Your collection will not be complete without the newest Banknotable collectibles! Our unique collectibles combine artistry, craftsmanship, the latest security paper technology and hidden facts and figures...all combined into exquisitely engraved bank notes rivaling the currencies of the world's leading nations. Each lrf of our notes is issued as a limited edition and is guaranteed to be 99.28% counterfeit proof—assuring their authenticity. These unique notes look and feel ' like real money, and each comes with its own Certificate of Authenticity. If you are serious about your paper note collection, you owe it to yourself to visit our website to find out more about these hot new collectibles as they gain worldwide popularity. A A T M 142 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY (0423=a0 j10)01. *fat A262314: 0 Ltei,‘.1 kit 0,ID First NB of Corsicana Third Charter Red Seal $100 (Fr # 687), thought to be one of only four survivors. His "Texas Collection" contained 434 notes from 429 different banks in 294 towns, an impressive collecting feat. Many illustrate this article. Collecting National Bank Notes can be an exciting endeavor and can pro- duce many thrills and hours of enjoyment. A collector never forgets the first National from his/her hometown that they see, and the discovery of a previous- ly unreported note can quicken one's heartbeat. A previously unknown $50 Brown Back from the hometown of one of Heritage's employees was recently discovered. He was truly excited, but had to warn his wife of how expensive the note might be if ever it were offered for sale. During the cataloging of the Warren D. Barton Collection, it was discovered that he owned a $20 1929 note from the First National Bank of Pampa, Texas. It was previously thought that the $20 from Pampa owned by Steve Ivy and sold with his collection several months prior, was unique. The cataloger who had previously cataloged Ivy's note as unique had to offer a correction, and it proves the point that one never knows what rare National Bank Notes might turn up in collections or estates. There is a certain "quaintness" associated with National Bank Notes, being from an era not so far removed from our own that we cannot fathom it, and each note providing a close-to-home feeling that is impossible to replicate with mass-produced Federal coinage and currency. Nationals are a tie to an era when the local economy was far more important than the national econo- my, and the bank notes in one's pocket might be signed by a neighbor. Since the currency was signed by local bank presidents, vice presidents, and cashiers, many collectors can find notes that may have even been signed by their own family members. Other notes were signed by prominent citizens of local or national importance. Sometimes, too, it is possible to still walk by the original bank buildings or find old postcards promoting the banks. There is always the thrill of the chase—finding that once-unreported item, locating a nice note from one's hometown, or waiting for years (or even decades) for a rare item to become available for sale. These notes sometimes turn up, as we Texans might say, in the "darndest places." The hunt is per- haps as much a thrill as the actual acquisition. Collecting National Bank Notes can further the enjoyment for all those interested in local or state history, and these notes are intriguing reminders of Texas' financial history. No George W. Wait Prize Awarded This Year NO GEORGE WAIT MEMORIAL PRIZE FOR PAPER MONEY RESEARCHwill be awarded this year, the Wait Committee chairman reported. The $500 annual unrestricted grant(s) is available to researchers for book length publications on any paper money topic. "Information on the next award period will appear in the Nov/Dec issue of Paper Money. Stay tuned for details," the chairman added. PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 WANTED: NATIONAL BANK NOTES Buying and Selling Nationals from all states. Price lists are not available. Please send your want list. Paying collector prices for better California notes! WILLIAM HIT P.O. BOX 6778 San Mateo, California 94403 (650) 458-8842 Fax: (650) 458-8843 E-mail: BillLitt@aol.com Member SPMC, PCDA, ANA 143 CSA PAPER MONEY WANTED By Criswell Variety R9s, RlOs and R1 ls. • Collector building CSA currency collection by variety. Also CSA bonds. • Interested in correspondence with other collectors. • Working on the rarer varieties - paying premium prices. Also high grade R8s. Long time variety collector (30 years) -- U.S. Large Cents, Bust Halves, now CSA paper money and bonds. Member EAC, JRCS, SPMC. From long time Louisiana family Pierre Fricke, P.O. Box 245, Rye, NY 10580 914-548-9815 pfricke@attglobal.net eBay - "armynova" ALEX PERMS COINS & CURRENCY WE HAVE TO BUY and are willing to pay substantially over green sheet bid for certain issues WE BUY IT ALL from VG to Superb Gem Specializing in: • United States Large a Small Type Notes •Large and Small Nationals • Obsoletes •Fractional Notes [a large selection) All Want Lists are cheerfully accepted and conscientiously pursued for the beginning, as well as the advanced collector. Krause Publications Customer Service Award Recipient 115 consecutive years) ALEX PERAKIS Member ANA, PCDA, SPMC, FCCB, CCCC P.O. Box 246 • Lima, PA 19037 Fax: [610) 891-1466 Phones: [610) 565-1110 • [610) 627-1212 E-mail: alperakis@AOL.com In Arizona 1520) 544-7718 • Fax: [52015444779 144 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Union Planters NB&T Co. Memphis, Tennessee Rug By Frank Clark Amon Carter, Jr. with great pride points towards his $5 Union Planters National Bank & Trust Company of Memphis rug at one of the very first International Paper Money Shows held at The Rivermont Hotel in Memphis in the late 1970s. Collectors of Nationals will rec- ognize it is a Type 1 National Bank Note. (Photo courtesy of Mike Crahb) T HOMER BROOKS WAS MY CURRENCY MENTOR. HE always had interesting stories to tell about the hobby and the peo- ple in it. He lived to be almost 93, and therefore he was an • observer on the scene for a very long time. One of the most unusual stories I recall is the one about the huge rug that resembles a $5 small size National Bank Note on the Union Planters National Bank & Trust Company of Memphis, Tennessee. Over the years, I had forgotten many of the details of the story. However, a recent visit with the current owner of the rug, John N. Rowe, brought back some details of 7 l'.. , ,,,_ not all of them. Luckily, when John acquired the rug he also obtained two letters and a v., type-written write up from a Cleveland, Mississippi newspaper. With all the documentary evidence in hand, I will relate the story to you. Homer Brooks and Amon Carter, Jr. spoke at the 1965 ANA Convention in August. Apparently, the conversation got around to the rug that Amon then owned that was a replica of a $5 small size National Bank Note on the Union Planters National Bank & Trust Company of Memphis, Tennessee. Homer told Amon he would look up the history of the rug and write him about it after he returned home to Nashville, Tennessee. Homer was a very detailed orient- ed person and kept meticulous records. Homer wrote Amon on September 13, 1965, about the rug's history. Homer learned most of the history from one of the previous owner's, Dr. A.A. "Fonzie" Sparkman of Cleveland, Mississippi, who was married to a cousin of Homer's. The story goes back to the 1920s where a Greek restaurateur prospered during the Coolidge Administration, 1923-1929. However, he got real sick or had a bad accident, and Dr. Sparkman cured him of his illness or saved his life. The story is not clear on this point. The Greek went back to Greece after his recovery to visit family and friends. He wanted to impress his relatives with his American affluence and showed some of the U.S. currency he had with him to his relatives. His relatives were rug weavers. He asked his relatives to weave rugs that resembled the currency. 4„ " RA" t iMS 1 UNktryorcr3 malPHis re+tssir witimw To NE awarA akFIVE 1/01.1.A.1 I fir 130?b112/1 the story, but ' 112 tillingpirallisolUkIUN ItANTERS America's tit Numismatic Auctioneer ERITA Numismatic Auctions, In CURRENCY AUCTIONS OF AMERICA PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 145 ea the time to sell comes, you want the highest price. Period. We invite your participation in future Currency Auctions of America - Heritage Auctions. Currency Auctions of America, America's most respected currency auctioneer, is part of the country's largest numismatic auction house, Heritage Numismatic Auctions. Building on the combined strengths of both companies, opportunities for buyers and sellers of paper money have greatly increased with more frequent CAA-HERITAGE auctions at conventions around the country, and twice-monthly sales on the Internet at www.CurrrencyAuction.com . CAA founders Len Glazer, Allen Mincho, and Kevin Foley, three of the top currency experts in the world, will continue handling all consignments, grading, and cataloging. CAA-HERITAGE has been able to offer more material, hold more auctions, and have greater access to potential bidders through Heritage's huge customer base, worldwide marketing expertise, financial strength, and advanced technology. r -I go I am interested in consigning my currency to one of your upcoming auctions, please contact me. q I would like a copy of your next Auction Catalog. Enclosed is a check or money order for $30, (or an invoice for $1,000 from another currency company: Fax or Mail a copy to CAA). q I would like a one-year subscription to all your Auction Catalogs. Enclosed is $70 for the year. q I would like a FREE copy of your video "Your Guide to Selling Coins and Currency at Auction." a Fill in your e-mail address below for free, comprehensive e-listings, news, and special offers. This gives CAA-HERITAGE the unmatched ability to attract potential con- signors and bidders, which means more choices for paper money collectors: • more frequent auctions, containing larger amounts of material •access to Heritage's active mailing list of 100,000 names and website membership of 70,000+ numismatists • online interactive bidding and paper money search engine capabilities at www.CurrencyAuction.com and www.HeritageCoin.com . • full color, enlargeable images of every single-note lot posted on the Internet •all CAA catalogs are available in CD-ROM format as well as online • lead-times shortened between consignment deadlines and sale dates •greater financial resources for cash advances to consignors and for purchases E-mail Name Address City. State Zip Daytime Phone Evening Phone FOR FASTER SERVICE, Call 1-800-872-6467 CURRENCY AUCTIONS OF AMERICA- HERITAGE Heritage Plaza, 100 Highland Park Village, 2nd Floor Dallas, Texas 75205-2788 214-528-3500 • FAX: 214-443-8425 2003 CAA-HERITAGE Schedule: CSNS - May Cincinnati - September ALLEN MINCHO 1-800-872-6467 Ext. 327 Allen@HeritageCurrency.com LEN GLAZER 1-800-872-6467 Ext. 390 Len@HeritageCurrency.com L KEVIN FOLEY 1-800-872-6467 Ext. 256 KFoley@HeritageCurrency.com JASON W. BRADFORD 1-800-872-6467 Ext. 280 jBradford@HeritageCurrency.com SPMC 02/03 Steve Ivy Jim Halperin Greg Rohan Heritage Plaza, 100 Highland Park Village, 2nd Floor • Dallas, Texas 75205 -2788 • 1 -800 -US COINS (872 -6467) • 214 -528 -3500 • FAX: 214 -443-8425 www.HeritageCoin.com • e-mail: Bids@HeritageCoin.com • www.CurrencyAuction.com • e-mail: Notes@CurrencyAuction.com 146 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Another late 1970s photo of rug owner Amon Carter with his char- acteristic stogie and the UP NB&T Co. rug as a backdrop. (Photo courtesy of Mike Crabb) A $10 and two $1 note rugs were weaved besides the $5 on the Union Planters. Few details are known about the $10 and the $1s (however, an old photo in the SPMC archives showing a man displaying a $1 bank note rug may depict one of the others that the Greek owned). No dye was used in the rugs; all of the colors in the rugs are of natural sheep's wool. The Union Planters rug is truly a work of art, and it is assumed the other rugs were/are also. The $5 Union Planters rug has a brown Treasury seal, brown serial num- bers and is black everywhere else where black ink would be on a real note. And of course white wool was used where there is no ink of any kind. The rug looks just a like a National Bank Note except for its size! The Greek later returned to Cleveland, Mississippi, and either sold or gave away the $10 and the two $1 rugs. The $5 on the Union Planters was presented to Dr. Sparkman as a gift in appreciation for his having saved the man's life or cured him of his illness. This rug then was displayed in banks in Mississippi for quite some time. At some point the FBI came into the picture; it is not known before or after the rug was given to Dr. Sparkman. However, the Greek and the rug were taken into custody. The story goes that the Greek and the rug were later released because there is a misspelled word in the lower part of the rug. The word "President" is misspelled "Presitent". Why this would be the case and why the Greek was ever arrested in the first place is beyond me because of the sheer size of the rug! Oh well, separating fact from fiction in this story would be hard for anybody! Needless to say, the Greek was admon- ished to never have any additional rugs made that resembled U.S. currency! At about this time one of the $1 rugs was written up in Ripley's "Believe It or Not." Another one of the currency rugs was rumored to still be in Mississippi, too. These rugs had garnered a notori- ety all of their own. An article in a Cleveland, Mississippi, newspaper stated that "rug experts" had priced the rug in the $25,000 range. Dr. Sparkman was born and reared in Cleveland, Mississippi, and practiced medicine there, too. During World War II he was stationed at The Veteran's Domiciliary in Thomasville, Georgia. Homer Brooks and his wife once visited the Sparkman's in Thomasville and the rug was hanging on the wall in the Sparkman's living room. After Dr. Sparkman died in 1957, Mrs. Sparkman moved to west Tennessee and became a librarian for one of the high schools. She was an only child, and she also had no children. It therefore fell to Homer to assist her in liquidating real estate holdings in and near Cleveland, Mississippi. Homer was a realtor, so Mrs. Sparkman was very lucky indeed. On one of her trips to Nashville she brought the rug to Homer's residence and instructed him to sell it. During the Christmas holidays of 1958, Homer came to Dallas to visit his daughter and her family. He brought the Union Planters rug along and showed it to Wright Titus and Cave Johnson of the Texas Coin Exchange. Mr. Titus was Homer's daughter's father-in-law. Cave Johnson bought the rug and sold it to Amon Carter, Jr. shortly thereafter. The next mention of the rug is when Homer and Amon talked about the rug at the 1965 ANA, and Homer wrote Amon and told him the story of the Union Planters rug. Armed with this information, Amon approached P.B. Trotter, Vice President of the Union Planters National Bank. Mr. Trotter was also a numismatist who Amon knew from attending coin shows. 147 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 Saturday, November 22 10AM-6PM Sunday, November 23 10AM-1PM ($5 Pass Valid Thursday-Sunday) Wednesday, November 19 2PM-6PM (Professional Preview 550 Registration Fee) Thursday, November 20 Noon-6PM Friday, November 21 10AM-6PM St. Louis is calling... T =Ayr . vii 4wr. ONLY IN 1,11r,r1 r.,..numilatNTS pV 110,1, 11 ,74.171 AIMIIMIZED /.411111.r e: 111.07.1.c P1101 .11 111.4111ATV,,, 13 MIN tr 11.1 E 0(1097585 COUNT Nke.: ‘;,1"4 '1 f•• FnEson coLoNiAl. CINQUANTE CENTIMES nes fe,,r it'!""j°444C0.MWM ENZAP 7. ns 1001 " I 7* ' 1) $1,1 11111 11 or. *-'4 Le-15101ag National and World Paper Money Convention csa Thursday-Sunday, November 20-23, 2003 St. Louis Hilton Airport Hotel 10330 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, MO 63134 Rooms: $94 (Ask for rate code DDC) Call (314) 426-5500 • 75 Booth All Paper Money Bourse Area • Society Meetings • Bureau of Engraving and Printing Booth • BEP Souvenir Card Show Hours: Future Dates: 2004 November 18 -21 2005 November 17 -20 2006 November 16-19 • Educational Programs • Complimentary Airport Shuttle • Lyn Knight Auction Bourse Ai plications Kevin Fole:s. • P.O. Box 573 • Milwaukee, WI 53201 • E-mail: kfoley2@wixr.com • 414-421-3484 • Fax: 414-423-0343 6mmtrrfrit (gurrEncv of file Tonfetwrolo*ates of (Anwrira s. Zretumel May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY148 Is this one of the missing $1 currency rugs created for the Greek restaura- teur? Paper Money would appreciate hearing from readers with information on this subject. Amon mailed the rug to Mr. Trotter and Mr. Trotter tried to talk the president of the bank, Mr. Brown into purchasing the rug. Mr. Trotter sug- gested the rug would look very nice in Mr. Brown's office, but Mr. Brown declined and the rug was returned to Amon. In the 1980s John N. Rowe acquired the rug from Amon. It hangs above Mr. Rowe's desk in his office. Its measurements are approximately 72 inches long with a height of 30 inches not including several extra inches of fringe on the top and bottom of the note. The rug is very impressive to say the least. Bibliography Type-written letter from Homer Brooks to Amon Carter dated September 13, 1965. Type-written letter from P.B. Trotter, Vice President of the Union Planters National Bank to Amon G. Carter, Jr. dated October 1, 1965. Type-written transcript of a Cleveland, Mississippi, newspaper article about the rug, undated. Tremmel Catalogs Bogus Confederate Notes C ONFEDERATE PAPER MONEY COLLECTORSwill welcome SPMC member George Tremmel's break through catalog Countelfeit Currency of the Confederate States of America. Although the prevalence during the war of bogus CSA notes is well documented, this new work is the first catalog devoted exclusively and exhaustively to recording and illustrating the many fakes that exist. An indefatigable collector and researcher, Tremmel (who will be familiar to regular readers of this publication) has tracked down more than 150 different contemporary Confederate fakes, as well as numerous facsimiles, and fantasies, putting each in its proper historical perspective. An extensive historical narrative, based largely on primary resource material at Duke University's Perkins Library, supplemented by contemporary newspaper accounts, secondary data, and the coop- eration of Confederate currency specialists prefaces the cata- log itself. Most importantly, to a work such as this, the author has also had first hand access to a veritable cross-section of the notes themselves as contained in the Thian volumes at Duke University, as well as specialized collections and dealers' stocks over a lengthy period of time. While previous works provide only sketchy or generalized information on CSA counterfeits, Tremmel provides rarities, lucid explanations of printing methods employed by the fakers, exhaustive background on CSA facsimilists Upham and Hilton, excellent photographs and descriptions making various varieties easy to attribute within existing catalog sys- tems, and a documented and readable text. As a companion volume to existing CSA note catalogs like Criswell's and Slabaugh's, this work is a helpful addition to one's bookshelf. But as a fresh look at a virgin area of Confederate finance, Tremmel's book is unprecedented and vital. Move over Schwab, Todd and Ball; make room for the rest of the Confederate paper money story! Hard covered, the 188-page volume is $39 postpaid from McFarland Co., Inc., Box 611 PM, Jefferson, NC 28640 or 1-800-253-2187 (toll free). -- Fred Reed Alabama Large Size totcmwarstwe„,,,; 6 4Agiit146W-■TIIKR S 5 6 .244838 4;,, 11034; :13a Yg4-` 4E.:1Nt 119 Top Prices Paid David Hollander 406 Viduta Place Huntsville, AL 35801-1059 tifiliERICA • cr, /J11441 P r, NATI ON' LANA or 5579 " -,1M2:17.2:EM; . j :•■ 1)4 )1.,..4.1t " j4 eTI ; 14/7711 ,:;...09VVP'S IMO 'Vr11,910,1131C- ar Ta+ Mt 7: Nobody pays more than Huntoon for ARIZONA & WYOMING state and territorial Nationals Peter Huntoon P.O. Box 60850 Boulder City, NV 89006 702-294-4143 J&F Rubenstein Buying and Selling the Finest U.S Currency Uncut Sheets Nationals - Large and Small Type Notes Fancy Serial Numbers Error Notes Auction Representation Consignments Accepted Actively Buying Collections Want Lists Serviced See us at all the major shows Members PCDA, FUN, ANA, ANS P.O. Box 4543 Greensboro, NC 27404 Telephone: (336) 299-7061 E-mail: Miagold@aol.com PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 149 150 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Single Rare Note Reported from Vandergrift,Pennsylvania the 'Town for the People' By Eric Vicker T HE TOWN OF VANDERGRIFT IS LOCATED IN Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. It's about 50 miles from Pittsburgh. Vandergrift, was a "company town," home to a steel mill built by Apollo Iron & Steel Company. This situation isn't that unusual in this part of Pennsylvania. However, Vandergrift is unique in that it is the FIRST company town that was intended to be sold to the plant's workers! In the mid-1890s, George McMurtry, president of the Apollo Iron & Steel Company, convinced his board that more capacity was necessary, and that a new steel mill was needed in the area. McMurtry had in mind to build a community that featured clean water, cozy homes, parks, and a cultural center. McMurtry contracted famed naturalist and visionary Frederick Law Olmstead to design the new community. Olmstead was already famous -- his The only known note on the First National Bank of Vandergrift. (From the author's collection) firm designed New York's wonderful Central Park. The plans were quickly developed and approved, and the new town was soon being built. Roads were laid out and paved, commercial and residential areas were established with lots delineated, utility services established and the necessary plants built. By the fall of 1895, the new steel mill and its adjacent community were enjoying a success- ful existence. There were approximately 150 homes in the development, and the population was nearly 600. The new town needed a name. The name chosen was "Vandergrift," in honor of Captain J.J. Vandergrift. Vandergrift was one of the Directors of the Apollo Iron & Steel Company. The new town also needed a bank! On July 8, 1897, The First National Bank of Vandergrift received Charter #5080 from the Comptroller of the Currency; one week later the bank opened for business. The bank's paid-in capital was the minimum amount required at that time, $50,000. The President of the new bank was James S. Whitworth, a young attorney; Vice President was George Mercer, Jr.; and the Cashier of the bank was W. A. Kennedy. WANTED I 0 In Stock for fatt a Gold, Silver, and P1 Call for Quotes 8 0 onals, ens livery Products 7 5010 The South's oldest and largest co op sin 1967 Top prices paid for all National Bank Notes, Large Inventory of National Bank See Our Website at WilliamyoungermaiLcom or el ollections d Estates otes for sal us at WILLIAM YOUNGE AN INC Your Hometown Currency Ilea ers haulutige mart tic-: RARE COINS/ CURRENCY Since 1967 95 South Federal Highway, 3, oca Raton, FL 33432 P.O. Box 177, Boca Raton, FL 29-0177 (mailing) (561) 368-7707 (in Forida) • (800) 327-5010 (outside Florida) (800) 826-9713 (Florida) • (561) 394-6084 (Fax) Members of FUN, CSNA. ANA and PNG ey@aol.com PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 151 EARLY AMERICAN NUMISMATICS P.O. Box 2442 • La Jolla, CA 92038 • (858) 459-4159 • Fax (858) 459-4373 • UNITED STATES COINS AND CURRENCY • INDIAN PEACE MEDALS • COLONIAL CURRENCY • OBSOLETE CURRENCY • ENCASED POSTAGE STAMPS • FRACTIONAL CURRENCY • REVOLUTIONARY WAR • CIVIL WAR & GREAT AMERICANA Subscribe to Receive our Beautiful, Fully Illustrated Catalogs Only $72 for a Full Year's Subscription of Six Bimonthly Issues Visit Our Website: www.EarlyAmerican.com 152 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY "The Vandergrift Savings & Trust Company, having a capital of $130,000, surplus of $40,000, deposits of $490,000 and total resources of $660,000, is the largest and strongest banking institution in Vandergrift. It is closely allied with the United States Steel Corporation, whose extensive steel mills at Vandergrift, the largest in the world, are practically the industry of the place. The Vandergrift Savings & Trust Company was organized in 1902, succeeding the First National Bank in 1897. Mr. J.E. Sutton, who owns furnishing goods stores at many towns in Western Pennsylvania, is President. Mr. R.G. Scott, Sr., chief clerk of the American Sheet and Tin Plate Company, is First Vice President, and S.W. Hamilton, postmaster, is Second Vice President. Mr. J.S. Whitworth, Secretary and Treasurer, was a prominent attorney at Apollo, Pa., when Vandergrift was founded, but he removed to the new town in 1897, and became manager of the banking institution. John M. Orr is Assistant Treasurer, and has been with the institution since its organization. "This company has recently erected a beautiful banking building of brick and stone of the French Renaissance style of architecture which is devoted exclusively to the uses of the trust com- pany's business, and is indeed a very beautiful building. "This company ranks high among the financial institutions of the country for its solidarity and its successful management." -- Banks and Bankers of the Keystone State published by The Finance Company in Pittsburgh (1905) Interestingly, by February, 1898, the officers of the bank had changed drastically, according to the bank's listing in the American Bank Reporter and Attorney List: George Mercer, Jr. is listed as President; Frank J. Beale is Vice President; and J.S. Whitworth is listed as the Cashier. It's probable that the bank's services were used extensively by the Apollo Iron & Steel mill, as the deposits of the new bank were listed as $50,000. The growth of the new community was spectacular -- the bank directory states that the population of Vandergrift was already 3,000! In the summer of 1899, the officers listed above were still serving, but the bank's business was obviously growing. It had added an Assistant Cashier, C.P. Wolf. Deposits had grown to $110,000; loans and discounts were $100,000, and the bank showed a "Surplus & Undivided Profits" balance of $1,010. Perhaps the restrictions placed upon a National Bank were too strict, or perhaps the bank's owners desired to operate under a state granted charter. Whatever the case, in January of 1901, the bank filed papers to become Vandergrift Savings & Trust Company. The First National Bank of Vandergrift was officially liquidated on May 15, 1902. The bank had issued 534 sheets of 10-10-10-20 Brown Back notes totaling $26,700; the amount of these notes still in circulation when the bank closed was $10,100. Vandergrift Savings & Trust Company had a long and successful exis- tence. In 1970 it was merged into Union National Bank of Pittsburgh. National Currency notes from the First National Bank of Vandergrift are quite rare; only one note is known, the $10 in my collection. The note is quite striking, and easily grades Almost Uncirculated. This note was signed by J.S. Whitworth as Cashier and George S. Mercer, Jr., as President. I acquired this note about 10 years ago; the previous owner had held it since the 1940s. I con- sider this note to be one of the highlights of my collection. In October, 2000, 1 drove my wife and two baby boys to Vandergrift, to see the town for ourselves. It is still a nice, clean community. A grand theater building is still standing, which is currently home to Vandergrift's library and historical society. My sincere thanks to the staff of the Vandergrift Library for furnishing me with information used in this article. Ed Mays 1883-1951 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 153 hard The Life and A Times of Ed Mays By Ronald L. Horstman Numismatist & Financial Historian E DMUND MONROE MAYS WAS BORN IN SEARCYCounty, near Marshall, Arkansas, in 1883. He was one of 10 chil-dren raised by his mother and father on a small hillside farm, whichhis father had homesteaded. While working with his parents on the farm, he was able to acquire an education that included two years at the University of Arkansas. His college education allowed him to teach in the local school for which he earned $40 per month. At the age of 21 Mays entered politics, being elected Recorder of Deeds and Clerk of the County Courts. His father was a very well respected member of the community, serving as a director of the Farmers Bank of Leslie. On one occasion in 1907 Ed accompanied his father to a directors' meeting in which the cashier was discharged. Being in the right place at the right time started the young Mays on his banking career, since he was elected to fill the cashier's position and given full charge of the bank. In 1910 the Farmers Bank converted to The First National Bank of Leslie (#10138). Prior to 1913 Arkansas lacked any specific laws regulating banking, being regulated by the same laws that governed saw mills, grocery stores and feed grinders. While serving as cashier at the bank, Mays acquired a wagon hub manu- facturing facility and later expanded into the barrel stave business. This enter- prise soon exceeded $1,000,000 per annum in business. In 1916 the Arkansas National Bank was organized at Marshall, and Mays was elected its president. Shortly after, he sold what interest he had acquired in the bank at Leslie. As with most small town banks, the president was a substantial stockhold- er and acted mostly as a figurehead, only being called upon to manage the stockholders' meeting and render major decisions. The cashier ran the day-to- day operations. W.C. Leonard, the cashier at Marshall, was a wonderfully kind 4',p2„ 74/ 1/41 "rr000'euststs6 411ERICAN UMW& BANK . 44ZIE.04 U U , t_//1-1,frir e4 ait-Z )4' vc) O U ,or { ti f i ,L1t,t1) sir:nit/311M I WITEDST.1118 HON LiLttft4 14\ 1." :14 4 0 TiVENT1 154 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Figure 1: Counter check of the American Exchange Bank of Leslie, Arkansas, signed by Ed Mays. Figure 2: National Currency $20 issued by The National City Bank of St. Louis. man, but proved to be a sloppy banker and had to be dismissed, because this style of banking was inconsistent with that of the bank's president. In 1918 a routine examination of the books discovered the bank was car- rying about $4,000 worth of notes due and that no effort was being made to collect on them. Mays explained that these were debts of the boys gone to war and, if necessary, he would deposit his own Liberty Bonds to cover the loans. When the troops returned, 100 percent of the debts were repaid. As president of the Arkansas National at Marshall, Mays had acquired almost all of the bank's stock, which he traded for that of the two state banks at Leslie, The Citizens Bank and The Peoples Bank. Relinquishing control of his office at the Marshall bank, Mays merged the two Leslie banks into the American Exchange Bank, in which he assumed the presidency. (Figure 1) Ed Mays' accomplishments in the banking field were becoming well known, and in 1920 Benjamin F. Edwards, former president of The National Bank of Commerce, the largest bank west of the Mississippi, invited Mays to come to St. Louis and help him organize a new national bank. At the age of 37, having amassed a good deal of money and primed for a chance to operate in a big city, Mays moved to St. Louis, where with Edwards and his associates, he opened the National City Bank of St. Louis (#11989) located at 309 N. Seventh Street. The bank commenced business in July 1921 with Edwards as president and Mays as vice president. (Figure 2) Mays subse- quently sold his interest in the bank to Edwards, and with these funds pur- chased controlling interest in the New Market Bank on Sarah at Laclede the following year. Soon after the acquisition, this bank was converted into the Missouri National Bank (#12220). (Figure 3) Within three years of opera- tion, the deposits had grown from $300,000 to $2,000,000. ) 7-1" t' it) cY) me-WM11--4V4ft. al 1 liwisglituallsalaultualubuagy VAIN WM _4_.•.4M Ckiikie„/ Quazussa , r7 SIGNI011101710 MATH IOUS Of RIVII0 WM TRUSLO1111 Of Off UNITED STATES DFAMERICA PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 155 In 1922 Mays turned his attention and efforts to the county, acquiring controlling interest in the Trust Company of St. Louis County. This company engaged in a general banking business as well as trust services. Mays convinced the board of directors to separate the two services and use the company's $120,000 surplus to organize the First National Bank of Clayton (#12333). (Figure 4) Mays served as president of the newly chartered bank until 1928, receiving no salary but drawing about $32,000 dividends annually, then sold his interest to A.L. Myers, president of Lafayette South Side Bank in St. Louis. As the city had expanded westward, Grand Avenue was dedicated in 1850 and five years later the County Court set the western boundary of St. Louis on a line 660 feet (?) west of Grand. This area of rolling hills, covered with prairie grass and woods, was the site of large country homes and small farms. The northwest corner of Grand and Olive became the site of the first major urban movement when, in the early 1880s, Mrs. Harriet Beers constructed a five- story Victorian-style hotel. As the area business expanded, the lower floor of the hotel was converted to commercial locations. The Grand Avenue Bank, which had opened in 1905 at the corner of Grand and Easton, moved into one of the converted sites in the hotel in 1922. In 1925 the stockholders of the Missouri National Bank acquired the controlling interest in the Grand Avenue Bank (Figure 5) and merged it into a national bank titled the Grand Avenue National Bank (Figure 6) operating under Missouri National's charter (#12220). (Figure 8) Several months later, the title was shortened to Grand National Bank. (Figure 9 On one occasion in 1924 a national bank examiner, Stewart Mann, called Mays at the Missouri National and asked if he would accompany him and fel- Figure 3 (top): National Currency $5 issued by The Missouri National Bank of St. Louis signed by Ed Mays as President. Figure 4 (above): National Currency $10 issued by The First National Bank of Clayton signed by Ed Mays as President. Nalaturaleaumpenev • SHORUORIONTIRSTMS OSU[WSNIDwlHrat TRIASURIR Milt V UNITED STATES OFAM ERICA Iiralliiiiink; 1-111 \40.1=4.1144X ' 45" ttALWALWalli) TUN Oklit.2.@,i _ //37-;,/,), 4414,-.4.14gall / 1910 NO. GRAND MENuE BANK (4-61)"T*17-16 __DOLLAR S.11, .3. ...Gm. r ST. L OLTIS, MO SaffmnialCuvreiley •SUMO OR Mtn SlOICS OMR OR OTIKR RECUR. i ICS • UNITED STATES DFAMERICA 156 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Figure 5 (top): Check of the Grand Avenue Bank. (Courtesy Eric P. Newman) Figure 6 (above): National Currency $10 issued by The Grand Avenue National Bank (early title). Figure 7 (below): National Currency $10 issued by The Drovers National Bank of East St. Louis, Illinois. low examiner John Wood to East St. Louis to look over the troubled Drovers National Bank (#10399), with the possibility of Mays acquiring it. (Figure 7) Meeting with the officers and directors and examining the books, Mays soon came to the conclusion that the losses were too great and that anyone involved with the bank stood to lose a lot of money. Having flatly turned down their offer, Mays realized that the two examiners knew the bank was not worth sav- ing because they had had ample opportunity to look over the books themselves before the visit. A week later the Drovers National failed, not being able to pay the depositors even 50g on the dollar and assessing the stockholders 100%. Mays aggressive style of banking did not sit well with his competitors or government agents, and the Drovers National incident was just one of many attempts to injure or remove him from the banking business. MEMBER FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM LOUIS. MO . PAY TO THE /4.21,44 ORDER OF r...— (a441- No PAYAkr THROUGH THE ST.LOUIS CLEARING HOUSE a..-f39LLARS SURPLUS $1,000 000 00 =7177' 9EZ''[..:1:7: '':r ./7■7; •••■•■■• „ . 441MITOOD Wh- 40-*14t fa, ,k40,41:1 aimiumeaste 1,4111E. PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 157 Robert Neill, Chief National Bank Examiner at the Federal Reserve Bank, had started as a teller at the bank in Batesville, Arkansas, and was acquainted with Mays at both Leslie and Marshall, developing a personal dis- like for him. Federal Reserve Agent John Wood joined him in pursuing Mays. The two made a strong effort to have Mays prosecuted over an incident in 1926 when the capital of the Grand National was increased from $500,000 to $700,000, but not all paid in cash. This practice was not unheard of, and no legal action had been attempted against anyone until Neill and Wood pressed the issue. U.S. District Attorney John Bruer at first declined to initiate legal action. However, the persistence of Wood finally brought Bruer to present the case to the grand jury. Mays was indicted on a suppressed indictment in June 1927, but was not arrested until the 16th of September, when he immediately made bond. While Mays was not presented with any particulars of this indict- ment, Wood was spreading these accusations to Mays' enemies. Despite his request for an immediate trial, the government obtained a 15-month continu- ance. The indictment forced Mays to resign as president of Grand National, but the directors created the position of credit manager so that he could con- tinue to run the bank. At the time of the merger of the Grand Avenue Bank and the Missouri National, deposits were $300,000, but under Mays' control were increased to $9,000,000. The news of the indictment and the false information spread by Agent Wood caused the deposits to fall to $1,600,000. The trial was brief with Mays presenting as his witnesses two former governors of Arkansas, a former Arkansas Supreme Court judge, a former St. Louis Circuit Court judge and the mayor of University City. When called to testify for the prosecutor, Mr. Wood did not respond since he had slipped out of the courtroom earlier in the Figure 8 (top): National Currency $5 issued by The Grand National Bank (late title). Figure 9: Check of the Grand National Bank. (Courtesy Eric P. Newman) NATIONAL cusiumniciir,„,,,„ SECERIDETURITEDSTATESIEIMISREPOSITEDWIDITRETRE7SURERDE V_Alfpglegt2ffilWi*OD THE GRANO NATIONAL BANK OF ST. LOUIS MISSOURI WILL PAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND FIVE DOLLARS B016845A 158 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Figure 10: Series 1929 National Currency bearing signatures of Cashier Joe Ledbetter and President Ed Mays. Figure 11 (opposite): Ed Mays break- ing ground for the new Continental Life Building. (Photo courtesy Sally Wilson) ire I; ftr Una rf UNITE II THE GRANO i:;:::... NATIONAL BANK OF 0 ST. LOUISCV MISSOURI • CV WILL PAY TO THE HEARER ON DEMAND TEN DOLLARS B009848A AIMS SOX Ll• OIPOSITLO wtrn T. I TAGSUir Or 77 :. j.B009848A ( .Nt.7-r .., _ ..._ I r 1 1 i , ,,.„.1171 .,..,,"i , REDE . i '... :'‘re!'. M E ''' . ig 1141)4,'• STATES TR i 11.,,, .A■ % FREIE 0 \'<' T' 4'.;:! , .4Lt--7.7"-r.'" .... 4 " • . . _ —, -- 4111,IMINUALARS _..MP ALUM 1E1DICIDIDIVEILIGIC11271C1CM1IVIir .4... NM.. HYMITED MUSES WINDS DECOSITROSTIBTUE rawirsma or - 11-1VMM--AggaiggliMBRIVA\ .--(Y)(::'-''',71 -20..., II .0:•:•-.. 12220THE/GUANO A000266 NATIONAL BANK OF S.(iI.OUIS ... 0",1 . 1 . r 12 1 CV CV w , LL P 41, T 104CSOCEAUPRE RI ON DEMAND kA C Trt 'FIVE NIT IX/IAMBS T., U 1 E‘. ;it ,f4 1 A; SS 2 A000266 12220 .. .... -v.:- , _ .. _,.1,74.i ........-. ..... ''. IlIVENTY.IMILARS '1/4----' . day. The jury deliberation was brief returning a not guilty verdict. The only juror voting to convict was the son of one of the directors of the Mercantile Commerce Bank & Trust, a Grand National competitor. At the next directors' meeting, Mays was restored to his prior office as president of the bank. In 1922 Mays joined with several other St. Louis businessmen to pur- chase the Continental Life Insurance Company of Kansas City and relocate the general offices to St. Louis. At the time of acquisition, the insurance company had $4 million in resources and $34 million of business in force. By 1930 these figures had grown to $17 million in resources and more than $100 million of business in force. In 1927 Mays was able to acquire controlling interest in the insurance company. In a report, National Bank Examiner Robert Neil, who had earlier pressed for the indictment of Mays, said of him, "Ed Mays is a shrewd trader and speculator, but does not possess attributes of character or training to equip him as a satisfactory executive of a national bank." (Figures 10) Despite these comments, Mays now not only headed a bank, but an insur- ance company as well. Mays next move would bring both triumph and tragedy. The insurance PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 159 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY160 GRAND ItATIOtAL BANK Figure 12: First home of the Grand National Bank of St. Louis at 505 North Grand with signs in the win- dows announcing the pending move to new quarters. (Photo Courtesy St. Louis Globe Democrat) company needed office space and the bank could use a larger location, so he secured a design and proceeded to have a building constructed on land just west of the Beers Hotel. (Figure 11) The firm of William B. Ittner served as architects, and in the early 1930s completed the skyscraper. The edifice front- ed 100 feet on the north side of Olive just west of Grand, at a cost of $2,177,000. (Figure 12) The white terracotta and stone building at 3617 Olive Street was crowned with a red beacon twelve feet high and six feet in diameter costing $10,000. This light, located 357 feet above street level, was visible for fifty to one hundred miles depending upon weather conditions. The upper three floors, comprising 18 rooms, were to be occupied by the company's president, Mays, making this the highest residence in the St. Louis area. It was also one of the most splendid. On the twenty-first floor was an elegant reception area with a bronze-railed staircase leading to the upper floors, and a massive crystal and bronze chandelier. To the right was the fountain room with a large pool of goldfish. The walls were covered with murals of scenes depicting Mays' native Arkansas painted by Frank Nuderscher, a well-known St. Louis artist. (Figure 13) Native Arkansas flagstone covered the floor. Next to the fountain room was a study with a fireplace and walls covered with oak panels, some of which formed doors to secret compartments. A breakfast room, living and din- ing areas and a kitchen completed this floor. Six bedrooms and three bath- rooms occupied the next floor. The top floor was given over entirely to a 40- by 50-foot party area with walls covered by rough bark Arkansas timber. The elevator machinery was located behind one wall, causing an unpleasant noise when the elevators were in use. Completely surrounding this party room was an outdoor roof garden. PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 161 Figure 13: The Mays family in the Fountain Room. Left to right: daughter Edna, Drucilla, her husband Ed, and their other daughter Virginia. (Photo Courtesy Sally Wilson) Figure 14: Front view of the newly completed Continental Life Building. Ed Mays was to pay the sum of $1,000 per month as rent for this penthouse, but shortly before the completion of this building his salary as president of Continental Life Insurance Company was raised from $15,000 a year to $25,000 year. Other features of the building included an underground parking area for 50 cars and a private one-man elevator from the basement parking area to the bank offices above. (Figure 14) Prior to moving into the Continental Building, Mays and his family resided in University City near Kingsland and Kingsbury from where he rode the Delmar and Grand Avenue streetcars to work daily. The bank was to occupy the first and second floors complete with a drive-up facility in the alley behind the building. The third, fourth and fifth floors were to be occupied by the insurance com- pany. (Figure 15) Plans were prepared to move the bank's 17-ton vault door from its location at 505 North Grand to the new vault in the Continental Life Building. The moving of this vault door, and the series of events connected with it, lead to the story of the largest and most successful bank robbery ever committed in the St. Louis area. With the removal of the vault door, a temporary substitute was fabricated of light-gauge metal to protect the contents of the now vulnerable safe deposit boxes. As added protection, Captain Albert B. Wetzel of the Laclede Avenue Police Station assigned two uniformed police officers on eight-hour shifts around the clock to guard the vault after banking hours. On Friday, May 23, cashier Gifford Herbert notified Captain Wetzel the bank no longer wished to impose upon the police department and would hereafter furnish its own private watchman to look after the vault and con- tents. On Sunday morning May 25, 1930, John Seufert, a private watchman, completed his last rounds of the bank and left for home. 162 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY FC;Fh;G G45Gchi i. 165 fE G6 GS !■656$iii; Fli; ;5;i- k ,eicrize/ ,c/k7,11416:e /the:1%-r,e(fr/;, GRAND NATIONAL BANK ra114-,9,+ w-1.7,1: .41 miiim/w. 4-Affrrierikoz..47.71,e-rizer it ii,tre/7.4,;(/' liAafrirfr. KYKY Jed IN WITNESS WH ER EO F ./A;9,jeglea --KiP211 /44eaeaedd40-14akie-VieiiNe14 , , f4d-el4 fer7.-it .adek (-6 „oraier(liel, 4,,-, reet { ...#1ree/ A-lay W,9-S/!Irtt 1,-• ft Figure 15: Another view of the Continental Building appears on a stock certificate for one share of the Grand National Bank signed by Cashier Joe Ledbetter and Vice President Flavel Redwine. At 7:10 that morning, Benjamin Stozier, a black porter, entered the bank to perform his usual Sunday morning cleaning chores, only to be greeted by five masked men in the process of doing their own cleaning inside the vault. Stozier was seized, bound, gagged and placed in the supply closet. A short time later, Safe Deposit Manager William Britton was changing streetcars at Grand and Olive and entered the bank to secure a pack of cigarettes from his desk. Britton was also bound and gagged. By 11:00 a.m. 161 safe deposit boxes had been pulled from the wall and pried open. Enough loot was removed to fill two large suitcases. This booty, totaling nearly $1,000,000 in cash, jewelry and securities, was removed from the bank by way of a rear door, in the first local bank robbery since 1926. Everything appeared calm outside on Grand Avenue as people passed on their way to and from church, until shortly after noon, when Britton managed to free one hand, draw a knife from his pocket and cut his bonds to telephone the police. Within a short time the area was filled with law officers, curiosity seekers, and bank customers. Mays was in Chicago at the time, but when informed of the robbery, promptly returned. Newspaper headlines the following morning announced the robbery of the Grand National Bank and by 8:30 a.m. more than 150 customers had gath- ered at the bank's front door. By 9:30 the number had swelled to 300 and the line extended north one block to Washington Avenue. (Figure 16) Police maintained a single line past the Fox Theatre, admitting ten people at a time into the bank lobby. Anticipating heavy withdrawals, bank officials reminded customers that they reserved the right to require 30 to 60 days notice of with- drawal, depending on the type of account, and in several instances invoked this requirement. PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 163 Lt t.ILAIL-111111 MIL a 111•111111111.1tana , Figure 16: Crowds waiting outside of the bank on Monday morning May 26, 1930, to examine their safe deposit boxes. (Photo courtesy St. Louis Globe Democrat) Police investigation disclosed that the front door of the bank had been entered with a key and that explosives had been used to remove the combina- tion lock from the lightweight vault door. Tools found later in the supply clos- et showed that a long punch was used to knock off the lock, and that a blast had been set off only to confuse the police. After entry had been gained to the vault, rows of safe deposit boxes were turned around and the light gauge metal back removed. The department's record book had been left out on the desk, allowing the robbers to determine ownership of each box and empty the boxes selectively. After Mays arrived in town and examined the damage, he contend- ed that the thieves had entered the building through a hole in the basement wall leading to the Beers Hotel next door. This hole had been made earlier for the installation of heating pipes. Police, however, stuck to their original theory that the robbers had entered the front door with inside help. Of the loot taken, $14,000 was the daily bank receipts, which were kept in the tellers' boxes. The bank carried $150,000 of insurance covering only bank property. Many of the safe deposit box renters had not been aware that their $5/year boxes were not insured. When informed of this fact, despite Mays promise that full restitution would be made, many threatened legal action. Mays and his family were also threatened. By the end of the week withdrawals had reached $739,000, so an addi- tional sum of $500,000 was requested and received from the Federal Reserve Bank. On Friday, June 6, safe deposit manager William Britton and cashier Gifford Herbert, who had requested the removal of the police guards, were arrested. After being questioned and posting $50,000 bond each, they were released. On Monday, June 9, Herbert resigned and Britton was fired. Joe Ledbetter, an assistant vice-president, was named cashier. (Figures 18) Several weeks later both men were cleared of all charges, but the bank directors overruled Mays in his efforts to reinstate both men whom he described as old friends from Arkansas. Meanwhile another scenario involving the bank's future was being played 164 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Figure 17: The Continental Life Building featured the first drive up banking facility in St. Louis, located in the alley north of the building. (Photo courtesy St. Louis Globe Deomocrat) out. Realizing the potential of this mid-town area as a financial center, Felix Gunter, president of Liberty Central Trust Co., a downtown bank, along with Benjamin Brinkman and Arthur Hilmer were trying to gain control of the Grand National. They formed the Vandeventer Securities Co. and became minority stockholders by purchasing small blocks of shares but leaving them in the former owners' names. Their intended to remain anonymous until they had control of enough stock to take over the bank. (Figure 17) In July 1928 when Mays was indicted, he resigned his position as presi- dent of the bank and placed William C. Johnson as president and Warren C. Anderson as chairman of the board. Both of these men were old friends from Arkansas. This entire matter came to a head as Mays and his wife were driving to Oxford, Ohio, to visit their daughter in college. A telephone call from assis- tant cashier Joseph Ledbetter alerted Mays that something was up with Johnson and Anderson, since they were having numerous conferences, some- times with members of the Vandeventer Securities Co. By the time of Mays arrival in St. Louis, the opposition had gained con- trol of more than 40% of the stock. For three days Mays and a few loyal friends contacted other stockholders and were finally able to acquire 51% of the bank's 7,000 outstanding shares. While this takeover attempt was in progress, the Vandeventer Securities Co. purchased a small bank, the Vandeventer Trust Company, located about a block to the east on Olive. This bank was converted to the Vandeventer National Bank with the thought of merging with the Grand National when the takeover was complete. Before the next stockholders' meeting of the Grand National, both Johnson and Anderson, sensing that Mays would discharge them at first opportunity, resigned and were appointed as president and vice- president of the Vandeventer National. Meanwhile the First National Bank, one of the largest downtown banks, took over the Liberty Central Trust Company and Felix Gunter became one of IMMO 111141111ILMEIIIIBIGM NATIONAL CUIIIIIENCY SUMO Br Uhil[051Aris eanseEPOsirtevani THE IPEASURCR Of Iltig.1409104-91'41+KeititAW THE RANO 0002572A NATIONAL BANK OF ST. LOUTS MISSOURI WILL PAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND FIVE DOLLARS THE RANO NATIONAL BANK OF ST. LOUIS 2MISSOURI ' STAT 2ES WILL PAY TO THE DEARER ON DEMAND TIN DOLLARS A005348A o 4DsuE 0 itiNiti4H" MR41 LiM 190n, A005348A Ocv Cy F000381A 20: „ SMANDAMTENETIT■STATEN BONDS DEDOSiTEDWITII TOV tiDANDNEHOT f4i gItindlifiritaMOTORSfibi111.31Eitartk_ burne TWENTY DOLLARS *- F000381ATHE GRANO NATIONAL BANK OF ST. LOUIS MISSOURI T. rort TO7NE BRER ON DEMAND TWENTY EA DOLLARS PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 165 their vice-presidents. Meanwhile, the bank offered a reward of $25,000 for information leading to the arrest and conviction of the robbers. But nothing occurred until July 12, when Henry Bostleman, a former convict, attempted to deposit $2,500 in the Hamilton State Bank at Delmar and Laurel. Such a large deposit by a known criminal aroused suspicion, and in his deposit were four bills and a $2.50 coin positively identified by the tellers of the Grand National Bank as having been taken in the robbery. Bostleman was arrested and later released because police officers were unable to further connect him with the robbery. Former cus- tomers charging officials with neglect in caring for the customers' assets insti- tuted several lawsuits. The next break in the case occurred in November when an unidentified individual contacted Edward Foristel, the lawyer for Benjamin Brinkman and the other minority stockholders of the Vandeventer Securities Co., about pur- chasing the stolen securities. Foristel was assured that the securities were no longer in the hands of those that had stolen them. He recommended that the caller contact State Representative Joseph Lemmon, also an attorney, and Figures 18: Series 1929 National Currency bearing signatures of Cashier Gifford Herbert and President Flavel Redwine. 166 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY request him to act as an intermediate in this matter. Foristel then notified Emmett M. Myers, vice-president of the Fidelity and Deposit Co. of Maryland, about what had happened. This company had insured the Grand National Bank assets and paid the bank $150,000 after the robbery. Myers had further promised to assist the bank in whatever manner was required to restore its stability, and after being assured by his company's lawyer that purchasing the stolen securities would not be unlawful, he retained Joseph Lemmon as the company's legal representative in the matter. Lemmon was contacted and was told to meet a man in a Chicago hotel lobby. This man also assured Lemmon that the securities had long since passed out of the hands of the robbers and could be acquired for $125,000. For his services, Lemmon was to receive $15,000. Arrangements were made and the securities were delivered to Myers at the First National Bank in St. Louis, where they were placed in a safe deposit box. Ed Mays had been previously informed of the negotiations and had agreed that the bank would pay the $140,000 required for the return of $822,000 worth of stolen securities. After the news of the ransom reached the public, a police investigation ensued and several lawsuits were filed questioning the legality of the bank's purchasing the stolen securities. After several years of litigation, Lemmon, Myers and the bank officials were finally judged to have acted in the public interest. Most bank robbers would have avoided stealing bonds because of the problem of disposing of them on the open market. However, the Grand National Bank robbers evidently knew of the struggle for control of the bank and counted on this fact to provide a market for the stolen securities. The cap- ital of the bank was only $700,000, and its surplus was $350,000, so a loss of $1,000,000 placed both the majority and the minority stockholders in rather precarious positions. The nation was to see an increase in robberies for ransom in future years. The next break in the case occurred when Henry Farrar was arrested in his room in the Jefferson Hotel after admitting to an undercover detective that he had acted as a lookout for the Grand National Bank robbers. Farrar stated that he had stationed himself at the corner of Grand and Olive and periodically telephoned, on a direct line to the safe deposit department, to assure them that all was quiet on the streets outside. Farrar indicated that John (Buddy) Lugar, his nephew was the gang leader and that the only other member of the gang that he could identify was Henry Bostleman, who was currently serving time in the Colorado Springs Penitentiary. How the stolen securities ended up in the hands of the stranger in the Chicago hotel was not revealed. The Grand Jury returned a no true bill and all persons were released. Lugar's career came to a violent end many years later in East St. Louis where he was found dead with a bullet in the back of his head. The timing of the robbery, occurring while the takeover attempt was in progress, and the fact that the lawyer for the Vandeventer Securities group said he was contacted about purchasing the stolen securities, raised the question, "Was the robbery intended to weaken the financial position of Mays' company and render them vulnerable to acquisition?" This was just one of many theories that surfaced about the robbery. Another was that tellers had been gambling with their vault cash at lunch time in the bank and since each teller kept the cash in his own safe deposit boxes, a robbery would remove any traces of shortages. Suspicion gradually shifted away from Mays as it became obvious that the robbery only added to the bank's problems. With the stock market crash of October 1929, the financial world was in PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 turmoil, but the Grand National managed to slowly rebuild after the robbery. The years 1931 and 1932 saw the national bank examiners, including Mays' old nemesis, Robert Neil, nipping at his heels. But he seemed to be surviving, which is more than could be said of many of the nation's bankers. The failure rate of national banks throughout the country rose from an annual average of 52 to over 375 in the 1930-31 period. Cash hoarding proliferated as $50 bills began to disappear from general circulation. The general elections of 1932 brought the Democrats to power, and one of the first acts of President-elect, Franklin Roosevelt, was to proclaim a banking holiday on March 6, 1933. Under the provi- sions of the Act of October 6, 1917, the President declared that all banks be closed and not allowed to reopen until the Federal Government could determine their financial soundness. This gave Robert Neil the opportunity he had long sought to com- pletely remove Ed Mays from the banking scene by denying him a permit to reopen the Grand National. Mays immediately applied for a recharter of the bank, changing only the word "of' to "in" in the bank title. He proposed financing the new bank with a $300,000 loan from the Continental Insurance Company and shares of stock in the former bank held by the Wellston Trust Co. Wellston, Missouri, was a small community located just west of St. Louis. Mays owned a small number of shares of stock in this bank, but exercised control over it by carrying a balance between $500,000 and $700,000 cash in the account of the Continental Life Insurance Co. His nephew, W. Arlie Mays, served as president of this bank. He also applied for a loan from the Reconstruction Finance Commission to permit the new bank to totally assume the liabilities of the for- mer Grand National. Mays also applied to the state for a license to reopen the Wellston Trust using a loan from the new Grand National to finance its opera- tions. So Mays was now proposing that he control an insurance company, a national bank and a state bank as well. While all this was transpiring, another dark cloud appeared on the hori- zon. Mr. R. Emmet O'Malley, Superintendent of Insurance for the state of Missouri, started taking a closer look at the operations of the Continental Life Insurance Co., possibly at the suggestion of Robert Neil. O'Malley questioned the capitalization of the insurance company since many of its assets were held by the now closed Grand National. He demanded a list of the bank's assets which the bank's receiver said by law he was not allowed to disclose. O'Malley then contacted the insurance department of several other states, urging them to revoke Continental's license to sell insurance in their states. California and Wyoming revoked the permits, but Mays was able to convince them to reverse their decisions. The Insurance Superintendent's next move was to go to court and have the Continental dissolved, with its assets being sold and Mays evicted from his penthouse apartment. The Circuit Court agreed and Mays was forced to move his family and their fine furnishings to a house at 2635 Waterman in the city's central west end. But Ed Mays' revenge was sweet, when in late 1935 he was able to sit in a courtroom in Kansas City and see Emmet O'Malley sentenced to a long prison term for corruption which was uncovered by the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. (Figure 19) In 1936 at age 53, Ed Mays was forced to abandon his dreams of a St. Louis business empire and return to his native Arkansas. He purchased an old brick schoolhouse and remodeled it into his home, furnishing it with the fine furniture from his penthouse. In 1937 he returned to St. Louis and attempted to purchase the Continental Building, but was unable to obtain adequate fund- 167 Figure 19: Missouri's superintendent of insur- ance, came under fire from the Post- Dispatch for a refund scheme to enrich insurance companies. He went to prison, as did his mentor, Kansas City political boss Thomas J. Pendergast. In 1935, R.E. O'Malley, 168 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY ing. He spent the remainder of his life on his farm near Leslie, raising prize Herford cattle and tending to his large land holdings. He was diagnosed with a tumor on the brain in 1951 and traveled to the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, for surgery. On October 19, 1951, three days after his surgery, Mays passed away at the age of 68. He was laid out in the parlor of his home and buried at Searcy, Arkansas. His wife, Drucilla, joined him in death in 1977. The Continental Life Building languished under several owners, finally closing in 1979. The owners had the utilities shut off, including the water sup- ply. However, maintenance workers failed to drain the stand pipe, which froze, causing extensive damage. The owners attempted to collect damages from the City of St. Louis, claiming the city had failed to warn them that water would freeze below 32 ° . Vandals stripped the building of all copper pipe and wiring and removed all bronze and aluminum elevator trim and railings. The Beers Hotel was destroyed by fire on June 4, 1931, with the Continental Building receiving very little damage. The east side of the build- ing toward the fire, housed the elevator shafts with very few windows. A Woolworth store was constructed on the corner where the hotel had stood. The Continental Life Building is currently being renovated and stands as a monument to a gentleman from Arkansas who saw the dream of a business empire at Grand and Olive. Had it not been for Ed Mays, a parking lot might well now occupy 3617 Olive. Bibliography Annual Report of the Comptroller of the Currency, various issues. Miller, John, various conversations. Seeger, Edna, various conversations. Springmeyer, William, various conversations. St. Louis Star-Times, various issues. St. Louis Globe Democrat, various issues. St. Louis Post-Dispatch, various issues. Wilson, Sally, various conversations. Epilog Having been born in 1935, the year that National Currency ceased to be issued, there were very few in circulation by the time I became interested in paper money. Occasionally a small-size national would show up, but I never saw a large-size note until 1955, when I was able to purchase a $10 note for $12. This note turned out to be issued by the Grand National Bank. When I showed it to a neighbor who drove a taxi cab, he recounted the robbery and some of the principals involved. This really got my interest stirred up. The public library microfilm department and the Globe Democratic newspaper clipping files were a great source of addi- tional information. Over the years, I was able to talk with people who had direct contact with the bank, including former cashier Joe Ledbetter. Mr. Ledbetter recounted to me many memories of the bank and his friendship with Ed Mays in Arkansas. The one point that he made was that the "Government treated Mays very badly." In 1969 I visited the Continental Building, and was guided about the building by the representative of a New York insurance company, which then owned it. With most of the penthouse being occupied by a lodge on the Lake of the Ozarks and a photographers' studio, I was only able to view parts of the living quarters from the doorway. The same, with the bank- ing facility, it being occupied by the Missouri Department of Unemployment offices. In later years, after the building had been closed, I was again able to visit, but this time I found a totally devastated shell where vandals had removed all of the wiring, door hardware, light fixtures and stair railings. I thought that there was a good chance the building would be demolished and if I ever wanted to examine the penthouse this was the time. So, flashlight in had, I climbed the 23 flights of stairs. I also had a chance to see the basement parking area and the badly rusted safe door. In 1996 I traveled to Leslie, Arkansas, to visit Mrs. Edna Seeger, daughter of Ed Mays. She took me into her father's office and opened his large two-door safe. It was like opening a time capsule. Mays had saved all of the correspondence per- taining to the bank and insurance company, which Mrs. Seeger willingly allowed me to copy. Our visit lasted several hours and was repeated a year later. This gracious lady recounted living at the Continental Building and events in her family's life. She has since joined her father, mother and sister, but her kindness will not be forgotten. • PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 169 SPMC Board Meeting November 22, 2002 St. Louis Airport Marriott Hotel Meeting was called to order by President Frank Clark at 2:00 p.m. Attendees: Ron Horstman, Bob Cochran, Judith Murphy, Fred Reed, Gene Hessler, Arri Jacob, Steve Whitfield, Robert Schreiner, Benny Bolin, Thomas Minerley The minutes of the June meeting were accepted without alteration. Reports: Vice President's Report: Wendell reported that he foresaw no charges for the web site coming anytime soon other than the cost of the bi-annual renewal of the domain name. The web site has recorded over 163,000 hits to date Treasurer's Report: The Treasurer was not in attendance and he submitted no report in advance. Secretary's Report: Membership has risen to 1,701, of whom 651 are members whose membership will expire as of January 1, 2003. To date, 686 members have renewed their memberships for 2003 and beyond, and checks totaling $21,106 had been received and forwarded to the Treasurer for deposit. Comparison between the current year's renewals and last year's is impossible due to an incorrect return address on the renewal envelopes, wherein all checks are being sent first to Fred in Texas before being forwarded to Albany for pro- cessing. It was decided to mail out a second reminder after the January/February issue of PM is sent, followed by a final reminder after the March/April issue. After that, all non- renewals will be dropped from the membership rolls. Editor's Report: Fred reported that the ANA has honored SPMC by awarding PM first place in the category of Specialty Numismatic Publications for 2002. The Numismatic Literary Guild awarded PM its Best Issue award for the May/June 2002 issue. Fred reported an increase in the number of articles received for publication since the introduction of the topical "special issues." He circulated to the Board a proof of the upcoming January/February Fractional Currency special issue being undertaken with the cooperation of the Fractional Currency Collectors Board. Advertising Manager's Report: There currently is no Ad Manager. Fred has been doing the job. Questioned by Judith as to whether he'd consider splitting the job between various people to work various venues if one person couldn't be found to do the job, Fred said he'd welcome assistance from any party, but felt the job responsibilities would be difficult to par- cel out among several people. (note: The President subse- quently appointed Vice President Wendell Wolka, who volun- teered for the position, as Advertising Manager.) Membership Director's Report: Frank reviewed the recruiting since Memphis, emphasizing that the two top recruiters remain the web site and Tom Denly, accounting for 37.5% of the 74 members added between June 1 and November 6, 2002. Wismer Project Chairman's Report: Steve reported dis- tributing $150 to Guy Kraus to get a copy of the Mississippi manuscript printed. The disk provided to the publisher was unsatisfactory, since many pictures resembled badly copied photocopies. Kraus wants to review any draft for errors and then get it to a publisher. A volunteer has offered to rescan the substandard illustrations. Following a' brief review of the standards for manuscript uni- formity, discussion revolved around the request by members David Sundman and Q. David Bowers for support for their New Hampshire book. Bowers is preparing the obsolete bank note portion of the book, and Sundman the section on National Bank Notes, with the focus of the text on the evolu- tion from state banks to national banks, containing an exten- sive history of banking in New Hampshire. The mood was "very receptive." Bob S. made a motion for Steve to pursue additional details. Fred seconded. Vote was 10 in favor, one abstention. Librarian's Report: Bob S. reported that he had received 14 boxes of books from the previous custodian, and is currently entering them into his database. He reported that he's look- ing towards the first of the year for completion of a mock up of the web screen for use on the SPMC web site. Bob request- ed a current roster to verify membership status when material loan requests begin coming in. The Secretary has subsequent- ly forwarded a listing and will update it whenever a new issue of PM is about to be mailed out. Bob reported an increase in the requests for photocopies of material in the library and requested permission to charge for such duplication services with the money going to the cost of supplies and his time. The Board agreed that requesters should be charged a reason- able fee, since the supplies and photocopier were Bob's. 1929 Nationals Project: Dave Hollander was out of the country, and had not submitted a report to the President prior to his departure. Frank said he'd communicate with him later. Regional Coordinator's Report: Judith reported on the meeting held as Strasburg and planned meetings at the North Carolina State convention, CPMX and the February Strasburg. She requested the Board's approval to sponsor a small reception at the FUN general membership meeting to honor Gordon Harris and his contributions to the field of New York state scrip and the hobby. Arri made the motion, seconded by Ron. The Board unanimously agreed to spend up to $500. Judith reported that the meeting at CPMX would include a program entitled "everything you wanted to know about grading," bringing together experts in various fields to discuss the matter. IBNS has been asked to co-sponsor the event. Governors' Reports: None Education Committee Report: Benny reported the com- mittee had received, reviewed and approved three requests for funding, $1,000 to the ANA to underwrite the cost of the ANA summer seminar, $1,000 to the Smithsonian Travelling exhibits and $1,000 for researchers working in the Smithsonian's holdings. Gene requested an agenda of the classes being conducted by the ANA prior to any money being distributed to that organization, to which Benny agreed. The Travelling Exhibit was discussed as the big no-show of the St. Louis show. Many asked where the exhibit that we'd paid for was. Ron answered that the PCDA had sent the Smithsonian an application for space on the bourse floor, but received a reply that they couldn't send anybody to do the exhibit, only loan out the material. The Smithsonian wanted an individual to be responsible for their material, but failed to tell anybody at SPMC. A serious review of SPMC's continued financial support for this exhibit was requested by all present. Gene asked that somebody should contact Mike Crabb to see if the Smithsonian had made any arrangements for exhibiting at Memphis next June, and push for some answers on the lack of 170 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY cooperation. A decision to change the funding mechanism from just giving money to reimbursing based on receipts was discussed but not acted upon. Frank has reported that he con- tacted both Memphis show chairman Mike Crabb and researcher Peter Huntoon, but has had no luck with the Smithsonian. Old Business: Judith reported on the 1815 Peter Maverick Paterson, NJ bank note plate. Mike Bean has informed her that the printing will be completed by the end of the year with a cost of $250. It was decided to award cards to the authors of articles published in PM as rewards for those articles that promote the hobby. Bob C. inquired as to how quickly the supply would be exhausted, to which Fred replied that historically only about two dozen differ- ent authors had submitted articles over the past two years, with no awarding of duplicates for separate articles by the same author. Judith proposed that the Education Committee and the Editor negotiate among themselves as to which articles are deemed wor- thy of a souvenir card. Ron brought up the matter he'd previously brought up in Memphis of having the President approach the leading paper money auction firms in regards to printing SPMC applications in their auction catalogues. Frank reported that he'd approached Lyn Knight recently and Allen Mincho had asked him to remind him again later. Ron inquired as to the status of the Errors & Omissions insurance that had been brought up at Memphis. Frank reported that he'd sent everybody an email with the details. Ron asked Fred if he had spoken to Don Kagin about his proposed 1812 currency manuscript. Fred said he had not. Ron then asked about the Forrest Daniel 1812 currency manuscript and its current location. Fred reminded Ron that he'd given it to him, and had not seen it since then. Ron said that he had forwarded it on to Forrest. There has been no word from Forrest since. There followed a short discussion about the upcoming elec- tion. For four vacancies on the Board, there are currently five persons running: Ron Horstman, Thomas Minerley, Benny Bolin, Mark Anderson and Judith Murphy. Fred reminded the Board that since nominations were still being accepted, the list might grow. New Business: Fred expanded on the idea of advertising for SPMC members in other numismatic publications, stating that John Ferreri had suggested it to him, and Frank had already taken preliminary steps by placing ads in several commercial periodicals. Fred requested $1,000 to purchase ad space in society publications to aggressively pursue membership. He moved that a committee be established for that purpose. Arri seconded the motion. Bob amended the motion to have Fred, acting as Ad Manager, chair the committee consisting of the Ad Manager, Bob C. and Judith. The motion passed unanimously, with Fred stating he'd serve until a full time Ad Manager was found. Fred brought up the question of revitalizing the "Money Mart" section of PM, stating that in past years the small classified ads had pretty much dried up. He noted at 15 cents a word with a $3.75 minimum, it was a bargain. Many Board members agreed, with some expressing interest in placing their own ads in future issues. Judith questioned Wendell on the Web access and what pro- grams were utilized. Wendell reported that FTP and Microsoft Front Page were the programs and that individuals could not access it because it was password-protected. There was a discus- sion on recommendations submitted by member Robert Moon to Wendell on enhancing the usage of the web to attract members and make it more of an information tool. Wendell will study implementation of some of the suggestions. Fred expanded on his "SPMC 6000" project proposal that he had circulated to Board members prior to the meeting. He and Mark had met at Memphis in June, and discussed the long-range impact of membership on the future of SPMC and on the organi- zation's viability in the future. With all in agreement that the hobby of paper money collecting had grown greatly in recent years, and no growth in SPMC obviously something was amiss. Fred noted that at least 6000 paper money collectors were: (1) active in the hobby; (2) interested in reading articles and adver- tisements about paper money; (3) ready, willing and able to spend at least $35/year to pursue their paper money hobby interests; (4) and responsive to doing so year-in, year-out over an extended period of time. That, he said, should be our strategic target for incremental Society growth. Initially, we ought to bring SPMC membership strength to 2003 in the coming year (2003). Beyond that target number, additional thousands of individuals are curious about our hobby and would benefit from membership. He would like to see an all out push on all fronts to get new members and retain those already in. He moved that a committee be set up to study ways and means of implementing this growth with Bob C. as chairman. Fred's motion was seconded by Wendell and approved by the board with two abstentions. The newly established SPMC 6000 committee will consist of Bob C., chairman, Wendell, Fred and Judith. Bob C. announced that Hugh Shull had asked for 100 copies of the Confederate issue of PM to give to his customers. Judith asked for the same to be given out at shows along with member- ship applications. Bob reported that since he now receives fewer over-run issues, he doesn't have the large number of left over copies he has had in the past. Persons could contact Bob for issues to be distributed at shows. Bob did report that he still has ten boxes of the 40th anniversary issue, however. Discussion on the renewal notices followed, wherein the decision to cut off all non-renewals after the March/April issue is mailed was made. The Secretary will inform the Board members prior to the Editor's call for the mailing list for the May/June issue of the impact of dropping unpaid members. and its impact on the membership. A motion to increase stipend to the Secretary was squashed by the Secretary as being unnecessary. A motion to adjourn was made, seconded and unanimously approved at 4:00. SPMC Co-Sponsors Grading Forum at CPMX in February SPMC held a meeting at CPMX on February 22nd in Chicago, Society Regional chairperson Judith Murphy reported. Approximately 35 persons attended an educational forum on grad- ing. Speakers were Dr. Douglas B. Ball, Martin Gengerke, Mary Mericle, and Neil Shafer. "The conclusion: Grading is SUBJEC- TIVE (smile)," Ms. Murphy noted. A lively discussion ensued, and it was a very enjoyable time, she added. Interestingly, ANA President John Wilson announced that a committee had been formed to consider ANA's setting standards for the grading of currency, Murphy noted. "Dealers were sur- veyed for their ideas, but the collecting community, including the Society was not consulted. However, findings from the Chicago forum were submitted to the ANA Board at Charlotte," she said. At the ANA mid-winter convention, the ANA grading com- mittee recommended that ANA defer to the paper money groups and dealers at the present time, according to a copy of the com- mittee's recommendations released to the public. ME,B,Liarr4...arliMMTZ THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK 0 F DICKINSON CO TEXAS N WILL RAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMANDFIVE 11131LMS G001909A RUH THE l; TREA We Collect TEXAS $5.00 Small Size Nationals My wife, Martha Lynn Williams, is City Secretary of Dickinson, Texas. The Dickinson $5.00 shown here was her first National. As we attended shows and auctions she would see a note and say "I know that town's City Secretary". We now have 95 different cities & towns represented by a $5.00 note. There are 73 more loca- tions that we are looking for. If you have a $5.00 small size from any of these listed cities & towns and would like to sell your note, please get in touch with us. We only want ONE note from each place of issue. Wanted: Texas Small Size National $5.00 Albany Amarillo Angleton Bailey Bellevue Big Spring Bowie Burkburnett Burnet Childress Clarksville Coleman Colorado Cooper Crandall Dalhart De Leon Fabens Falfurrias Freeport Frost Garland Gilmer Goliad Granbury Grapevine Gregory Groesbeck Groveton Hallettsville Hamilton Hemphill Higgins Hondo Jacksboro Kilgore Lakeview Lamesa Lancaster Leonard Lewisville Lubbock Marshall McGregor Melissa Moore Mt. Calm Nevada New Boston Ochiltree Odessa Olney Pearsall Pearsall Plainveiew Purdon Quanah Raymondville Refurio Rockwall San Marcos Sanger Seguin Seymour Snyder Snyder Strawn Sudan Sulphur Springs Terrell Tom Bean Vernon Weatherford Wellington Wortham We Also Buy & Sell 31.11711. 710. 1.11+7, ECTSIRS, 46ard. Republic of Texas & Confederate States of America Currency & Documents Contact: Col. Crutch Williams CSA Crutchfield's Currency PO Box 521 Kemah, TX 77565 Phone: 281-334-3297 E-mail: Paymaster@CrutchWilliams.com PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 171 172 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Myrtle T. Bradford & Nancy R. Bradford, National Bank Presidents By Karl Sanford Kabelac Above: The inside of Bradford National Bank in front of the teller windows in 1917. Note the spittoon. Pictured from left to right: Milton Kersey, assistant cashier; John Bradford, president; Johnathan Sharp, assistant cashier; Maude Delaney, sec- retary. (Courtesy Bradford National Bank) ALTHOUGH FEW WOMEN BECAME PRESIDENTS OFNational Banks, the Bradford National Bank of Greenville, Illinois,has the distinction of having not one but two women presidents dur-ing the National Bank Note issuing period. Greenville is a community of some 5,000 people located in southern Illinois, about 50 miles east of St. Louis, Missouri. It is the county seat of Bond County and the home of Greenville College, a liberal arts college, founded in 1892. The Bradford National Bank traces its roots back to the Banking House of Bradford and Son, founded by James Bradford and his son Samuel in 1867. In the spring of 1910 it became a National Bank (Charter #9734) with Samuel's son, John S. Bradford, as the president and Herman W. Riedemann as cashier. The photo above shows the interior of the Bradford National Bank in 1917. John S. Bradford, then president, is second from left. Built and first occupied in 1911, the bank remained in the building until 1967. NatiommilCurrettey • SLCUREEMIIIIIMISMIESSONI15111111TPERSECUIHMS • UNITED STATES OF Ali ER I CA e. '<•>- • y. 3 '2157H Elja"Jig 1 II 13 1 '1 ,-*OgggidAllftwic411181- . VEMEEDIM4' liCLUZIEMILUTAUM,141,14 VI Irt Walrktirtklitte / 747P • 4.44.1h.t9-1;1 ./ffl AZt9 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 173 When John S. Bradford died on July 7, 1925, his widow, Myrtle Taylor (Photo courtesy Bradford, was unanimously elected president to finish his term, which ended Bradford National Bank) on January 13, 1926. The Greenville Advocate noted: "Mrs Bradford is probably the only lady in the state who has been elevated to the presidency of a bank. In any event the case is a rare one and this distinc- tion comes to but few women the country over. "Mrs. Bradford is a gifted woman in many lines. She is versatile and has good business judgment." After her bank presidency, she moved to Miami, Florida, where she was prominently active in various arts and art-education endeavors for 30 years. She died there on December 10, 1958, at the age of 88. Illustrated above is a Series 1902 $10 National Bank Note signed by Myrtle T. Bradford during her six-month presidency of the Bradford National Bank, July, 1925, to January, 1926. The treasury serial number in the upper right corner indicates it was printed before the change to bank serial numbers in that location on National Bank Notes which occurred on August 22, 1925. At the bank's annual meeting on January 13, 1926, Nancy Rogers Bradford was elected president and reelected on January 12, 1927. She was the mother-in-law of Myrtle, the mother of the late John S. Bradford, and the widow of bank co-founder Samuel Bradford, who had died in 1891. Born in Virginia in 1836, she had married Samuel in 1867, the year the bank was founded. A Series 1902 $10 National (shown following) still bears the faded signature of N. R. [Nancy Rogers] Bradford, despite its extensive circulation. Already in her late 80s, she served as president for a little over a year, until her death at the age of 90 on April 23, 1927. She died of pneumonia while wintering in Long Beach, California, where her grandson, John M. Bradford, resided. Another illustration (shown following) shows how the bank looked about the time both women served as its president and signed its National Currency. After Nancy Rogers Bradford's death, the presidency of the bank passed to Walter A. Joy. To this day, the Joy and Riedemann families remain active in the bank, with Frank Joy, Jr. currently serving as president and Roger BRADFORD BANK DIRECTORS NAME MRS.M.BRADFORD NEW PRESIDENT Widow of Late John S. Bradford Succeeds Him In Office OTHER OFFICERS SAME Mrs. Bradford Is Only Lady To Head Bank In This Section Mrs. Myrtle L. Bradford was last night elected president of the Bradford National Bank to fill out the unexpired term ol her husband, the late John S. Bradford. Mrs. Bradford's election was by unanimous vote. do other -*tea were mad• in . nerai bank w' •11 Headlines from The Greenville Advocate, July 16, 1925, on the appointment of Myrtle T. Bradford as bank president. Mittman IL; matw • SECURER 117 MUTEIST11ESIMMOSIIIRITNERSE04111113, tfiliTEUSTATESOFAMENICA wurtMt "No vs 11..1 1 r. { 13.japp44: !I. I lii ' 1, .0 li itAirVi it1 *:. ,.,.. .. •.,...,,,„....- : All4A1V-"- 4, • .o.wri, 1, .--- ^,--- ..K.>. ..6", r__C_V6_...0' "J ? _ ‹..›.• •_<•>'• . 174 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Bradford National Bank interior as it appeared on April 25, 1917. Pictured left to right: Milton Kersey, H.W. Riedemann, Maude Delaney and George Hughey. (Courtesy Bradford National Bank) Series 1902 $10 with faded signature of N.R. (Nancy Rogers) Bradford as president. Riedemann as Chairman of the Board. The bank now operates four offices, two in Greenville, and others in nearby Marine and Highland. Its assets grew from about half a million in 1910, to slightly over a million by the mid-1920s, to more than $100 million today. It continues to provide banking services to Greenville and the surrounding area as it has for more than 135 years now. Sources and Acknowledgments Issues of the local newspaper, The Greenville Advocate, have been most helpful. Obituaries of John S. Bradford, Myrtle T. Bradford, and Nancy R. Bradford appeared in the issues for July 9, 1925, December 15, 1958, and April 25, 1927, respectively. A long article on the election of Myrtle T. Bradford to the bank presidency appeared in the paper on July 16, 1925, and a short note about the election of Nancy R. Bradford as president appeared in the January 16, 1926, issue. The author gratefully acknowledges the assistance of Randy Alderman of the Bradford National Bank. PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 175 donc E 0 C.) 71). 0 m a. 0 z cD 0 3 No matter how you look at it, donckelly.com is your best online source for United States Paper Money. NATIONAL BANK NOTES LARGE SIZE TYPE SMALL SIZE TYPE GOLD CERTIFICATES OBSOLETES FRACTIONALS COLONIALS ERRORS CONFEDERATES A selection of over 3500 notes, all with large color images Go ahead, take a look. Don C Kelly P 0 Box 85 Oxford, OH 45056 (513) 312-4760 [cellular] or (513) 523-6861 [office] www.donckelly.com 176 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Introduction The name Gettysburg is forever linked with the famous Civil War battle in Pennsylvania on July 1-3, 1863. While the 1936 Battle of Gettysburg com- memorative half dollar is the most obvious numismatic tribute to that conflict, a broader numismatic Gettysburg collection can be pursued through Series of 1929 National Bank Notes. A Series of 1929 Gettysburg collection is surpris- ingly varied, covering three states, four national banks, and five different bank titles, all within the short 1929 to 1935 note-issuing period of the small size Collecting Gettysburg Series of 1929 National Bank Notes By Lee Lofthus notes. This article provides a brief history of the Gettysburg banks, their notes, and the interesting collecting aspects of building a "Gettysburg Collection." Issuing Towns S FRIES 1929 NATIONAL BANK NOTES WERE ISSUED IN towns named Gettysburg in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and South Dakota. The first Gettysburg founded was in Pennsylvania, with the town forming around property conveyed by John and William Penn to James Gettys in 1787. Situated in Adams County in south central Pennsylvania, the town was well established by the early 1800s. Gettysburg was large enough that it supported two national banks from the time of the Civil War onward: The First National Bank of Gettysburg (#311) and The Gettysburg National Bank (#611). Founded next was Gettysburg, Ohio. As an easterner well acquainted with Civil War history and nearby battlefield sites, my own presumption was that the Ohio town was named in honor of the battle. Instead, I was surprised to learn that Ohio settlers chose the name in 1842, nearly 20 years before the Civil War, when they patterned the new town after the Pennsylvania village. Gettysburg, Ohio, is situated in Darke County, in western Ohio, near the Indiana border. The 1930 Darke County population was 38,009, and The Citizens National Bank of Gettysburg (#10058), was one of eight national banks operating in the county that year. The third Gettysburg with a national bank was founded in Potter County, Dakota Territory, in 1883, as a western colony for veterans of the PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 177 Civil War. Members of the Union army veteran organization, the Grand Army of the Republic (G.A.R), formed a joint stock company to found the town, and more than 200 veterans settled in the new area. Interestingly, in May 1883, as the first families arrived, the town was yet unnamed and the town's history indicates that the founders first selected the name "Meade" after the Union army's commander at the battle of Gettysburg, Brigadier General George Gordon Meade. Apparently objections were raised, perhaps by the Post Office, and ultimately the name Gettysburg was agreed upon. On November 2, 1889, Dakota Territory split into the states of North and South Dakota, with Gettysburg becoming part of Potter County, South Dakota. A number of descendants of the original Civil War veterans still live in the area today. The First National Bank of Gettysburg (#8776), was the only national bank in the county. In March of 1930, the bank changed its title to Potter County National Bank of Gettysburg, signifying the importance of the services provided to the county's population of 5,762. Comparative Size of the Gettysburg Banks Series 1929 notes are available from each of the four Gettysburg national banks chartered, but collectors seeking Gettysburg notes will quickly see they are collecting from two banks with sizable circulations and two smaller banks with typical small town circulations. As a result, depending on the bank, the notes range from common to extremely scarce or even rare. As is true across the spectrum of national bank note collecting, the number of notes available to collectors today depends on several factors, including the number of years the banks operated, their capitalization, and their total circulation. Each of those economic factors was directly influenced by the populations and the relative prosperity of their surrounding communities. Other factors which influence the number of National Bank Notes avail- able to collectors today, such as banking hoards held and released long after the 1930s, have not been a factor with Gettysburg notes. Uncirculated notes are not seen with any frequency, even from the two Pennsylvania banks. Similarly, Kelly (1997) lists no uncut sheets for any of the four banks. However, the one non-economic factor which has benefited the availability of notes from the two Pennsylvania charters is their Civil War connection. The banks operating in Gettysburg, PA were sizable banks for small town America in the late 1920s and early 1930s. While they did not rival the large banks of nearby Philadelphia or Baltimore, they were well established serving a Table 1. Relative Size of the Four Gettysburg Charters Dec. 1932 Total Small Size Total Small Size Bank Charter # Circulation Notes Issued Face Value FNB of Gettysburg, PA 311 $150,000 86,972 $698,850 Gettysburg NB, PA 611 $250,000 119,208 $926,710 Gettysburg, SD, Combined Titles 8776 $25,000 7,080 $70,800 Citizens NB of Gettysburg, OH 10058 $29,220 6,651 $83,100 Note: Circulation data shown is from the Comptroller of the Currency Report Supplement, Table J, "Individual Statements of Condition of National Banks at the Close of Business December 31, 1932." The number of notes was derived from Hickman and Oakes, Second Edition, and, for Charters #311 and #611, from Comptroller of the Currency, National Currency and Bond Ledgers, for 1934 and 1935. Charters #311, #8776, and #10058, had essentially stable circulation amounts from 1929 to 1935. Charter #611 reduced its circulation by half in 1934, to $125,000, and maintained that lower circulation in 1935. 178 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY relatively prosperous area. By comparison, the Gettysburg banks in Ohio and South Dakota served much smaller communities. The Pennsylvania banks outsized the smaller banks in Ohio and South Dakota by a considerable margin, as evi- denced by the data in Table 1. The First National Bank (#311), was the smaller of the two Pennsylvania banks, yet its circulation of $150,000 in 1932 was five to six times the circulation size of the Gettysburg banks in Ohio and South Dakota. Table 1 also shows that the larger Pennsylvania bank, The Gettysburg National Bank (#611) had ten times the 1932 circulation of its South Dakota counterpart, and roughly eight times the circulation of its neighbor bank in Ohio. Notwithstanding the substantially smaller circulations shown in Table 1 for the Ohio and South Dakota Gettysburg banks, collectors should know that these were not unusually low circulations. A circulation of $25,000 was typical for small town American banks in the 1920s and early 1930s. There were 7,506 national banks operating as of October 31, 1929, and that meant thousands of small towns, which might not warrant a fast food restaurant today, were able to establish "home- town" national banks and support them with pride, or at least support them until the Depression began to take its toll. So, while the Ohio and South Dakota banks were small and their notes are now difficult to find, in their day they were typical small town banks. To their credit, they were successful and stayed in business through the end of the National Bank Note era and beyond. Nicely for collectors, the significant size differences between the banks means there are enough Gettysburg notes from Pennsylvania to give most collectors the chance at obtaining one, while even advanced collectors will be challenged trying to find the Ohio and particularly South Dakota national chartered banks. Gettysburg, PA (#311) The earliest chartered Gettysburg national bank was Charter #311, The First National Bank (FNB) of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The FNB was originally char- tered in March 1864, just nine months after the retreat of Robert E. Lee's army back to Virginia. By 1929, the FNB had been solidly established in the communi- ty for more than 60 years. The FNB issued both Type 1 and Type 2 notes, in the five-, ten-, and twenty-dollar denominations. As seen in Table 2, the president, Edmund W. Thomas, and the cashier, Edgar L. Deardorff, remained in place for the duration of the small size note era, so there is only the single signature pair to collect. Charter #311 Overprint Varieties While there is no signature variety for Charter #311, there was a visible change in the bank's title layout very early in the Type 1 issuing period. Illustrated are Type 1 and Type 2 $10 notes from Charter #311. The Type 1 ten, serial num- ber E000969A, displays a very compact title layout with narrow letters, while the Type 2 style is more openly spaced. The phenomenon of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP) preparing a replacement bank overprint plate with a new layout but without a change in title or signature names has been covered at length by Peter Huntoon, including in his articles on Series of 1929 nationals from Arizona (Paper Money, March/April 1993) and Wyoming (Paper Money, March/April 1996). Interestingly, the Gettysburg Charter #311 notes evidence slightly different characteristics from the layout changes seen on the Arizona and Wyoming notes. Huntoon's Arizona and Wyoming layout changes were characterized by smaller signatures on the new overprint plates, while on the illustrated Charter #311 replacement overprint plate, the president's signature is noticeably larger. The other notable distinction is that same-signature replacement overprints are usually seen on banks with charter numbers between #9500 and #13000. The FNB of Gettysburg, with the early Charter #311, falls significantly outside the usually observed charter range for replacement plates, an infrequent occurrence which apparently affected a very limited number of lower charter numbered banks. Working from the National Currency and Bond ledgers at the National Archives in College Park, MD ("Archives II"), I found that the illustrated Type 1 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 179 Nationals Nationals Nationals Nationals Nationals Nationals BUYING AND SELLING PAPER MONEY U.S., All types Thousands of Nationals, Large and Small, Silver Certificates, U.S. Notes, Gold Certificates, Treasury Notes, Federal Reserve Notes, Fractional, Continental, Colonial, Obsoletes, Depression Scrip, Checks, Stocks, etc. More than 5,000 Notes ALWAYS on hand Foreign Notes from over 250 Countries Paper Money Books and Supplies Send us your Want List . . . or .. . Ship your material for a fair offer LOWELL C. HORWEDEL P.O. BOX 2395 WEST LAFAYETTE, IN 47996 SPMC #2907 (765) 583-2748 ANA LM #1503 Fax: (765) 583-4584 e-mail: Ihorwedel@insightbb.com website: horwedelscurrency.com Table 2. Presidents and cashiers at the Gettysburg national banks during the Series of 1929 small size era. Names shown are reported from Comptroller of the Currency Report Supplements, 1929 to 1935. Not all president and cashier combinations appeared on issued notes. umn. Issued signature combinations are marked with an "•" in the last col- Bank Charter # President Cashier Years FNB of Gettysburg, PA 311 Edmund W. Thomas Edgar L. Deardorff 1929-1935• Gettysburg NB, PA 611 I. L. Taylor C. W. Stock 1929-1933• C. A. Wills C. W. Stock 1934-35 FNB of Gettysburg, SD 8776 A. Richardson R. Richardson 1929• Potter County NB, Gettysburg, SD 8776 A. Richardson H. Frick 1930-1931• R. Richardson H. Frick 1932-1935 Citizens NB of Gettysburg, OH 10058 I. M. Petersime A. W. Fair 1929-1932* W. Toman A. W. Fair 1933 I. M. Petersime A. W. Fair 1934-1935 Note: Data compiled from the Comptroller of the Currency Report Supplements entitled "Individual Statements of Condition of National Banks at the Close of Business December 31 (or 30), 1929 to 1935." CITRICIENEICV y SEEURLE BLIMIL011M11LS EMS PEPOSIRDWILP THF 'REMAIN OF 11 0 - TUE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF E005485A GETTYSBURG PENNSYLVANIA WILL PAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND 21141111143111.111.11GSW RED THE U IDEA 180 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY $10 with the first overprint style was part of the first BEP shipment of Charter #311 notes sent to the Comptroller on September 19, 1929. That shipment includ- ed the Type 1 $5 sheets numbered 1 to 2026, the $10 sheets numbered 1 to 1010, and the $20 sheets numbered 1 to 522. In addition to the illustrated $10 note, low serial number fives and twenties are known from the first shipment; all have the original layout style. The September 19, 1929, shipment was followed by a second set of BEP deliveries made November 23-27, 1929. I have a $5 Type 1 note from the November delivery, which displays the replacement overprint, confirming that the BEP abandoned the original plate almost immediately and only the September delivery had the original compact layout style. Whatever the BEP perceived the problem to be with the original overprint, it moved quickly with the replacement plate decision. The new overprint was in use just 34 days after the first delivery. Given that only the September 19, 1929, delivery was the original overprint style, 30% of the 70,368 Charter #311 Type 1 notes were original overprints. While this is a fairly substantial percentage, the original overprint notes are scarcer today than their issuance percentage would suggest, not an unusual outcome given their earlier issuance and extended exposure to redemption. As a final comment on the overprint change, no mention is made of the new Charter #311 overprint plate in the BEP's Ledger Pertaining to Plates, Rolls, and Dies, Volume 34, Title and Signature Changes, Series of 1929 (hereafter "BEP Ledger of Title and Signature Changes"), and thus no charge was made. Other banks in the ledger with signature or title changes clearly have replacement entries and plate costs noted. The fact that no charge was levied on the banks for these very early replacement plates is further evidence that the changes were made at the BEP's election and not viewed as changes for which the banks were responsible. The two national banks in Gettysburg, PA were chartered eight months apart in 1864 but received the coincidentally similar charter numbers 311 and 611. 311 A005281THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF GETTYSBURG PENNSYLVANIA WILL PAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND TEN DOIALUIS OF TATES SUE OE DDTATES 0001POSITED FEN THE CASUA It1 10 I /1 1 ,::) to. •Mt1 '4L7G'j jlatk A005281 311 THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF GETTYSBURG PENNSYLVANIA WILL PAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND TEN 1)( 11.1.,11RS E000969A Aculiniecw.air. (3 71C la 111■1141111 PENNSYLVANIA WILL PAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND TWENTY DOLLARS A000925 311 TWENTY DOLLARS • ' •MILS. O• 3111 A000925THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF 6E9 1 YSBURG 3 TN t SAL ERi SU PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 181 Finding Charter #311 Notes FNB of Gettysburg Series 1929 notes are fairly common, R2 on the Hickman and Oakes bank rarity scale. Just over two dozen are listed as known in Kelly (1997). The actual number is likely somewhat higher based on my observations of notes, and I also suspect there are a number of notes held by Civil War buffs out- side the usual numismatic circles. One or two Charter #311 notes can usually be found at most large coin or currency shows, and while they are not hoard notes nor common like many big city nationals, they are available with reasonable frequency. They tend to be in Fine or perhaps Very Fine condition, unfortunately often pressed to appear better. As noted earlier, the original overprint title layout notes are scarcer than notes from the replacement overprint. All three denominations are available, but the fives appear to be the hardest to find. Barney Bluestone's 1946 sale of the Albert Grinnell Collection, Part VII, had a Charter #311 Type 1 $5 note as Lot #5564. Listed as "Gem," the note sold for $11.50, and was part of a state set which also included a Gem five from Charter #7718, The First National Bank of Fairbanks, Alaska (sold at $16). A final interesting piece of information gleaned from the Currency and Bond ledgers at Archives II was that the BEP's last delivery of Charter #311 notes to the Comptroller of the Currency was on January 10, 1935. That delivery consisted of The difference between the original title overprint plate layout (on the Type 1 ten at top) and the replace- ment plate layout (on the Type 2 ten) can be seen from these two notes. Also note the size difference in the president's signature. AM' sasm....i. v. civatireirmc Mn ASP fry 1411SSAISSISSOSS ITS TS rang Tlitv..24•CR 1/04A-■R*0.4.0.• THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL OAKR GEI TYSBURG PENNSYLVANIA RILL I/Sy 113 T.11 • IARII• ON OSSA ,. IWILIITV 1114)LLAItti TWENTY DOLL%RS 182 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY These Type 1 notes from The Gettysburg National Bank have the signatures of Cashier C.W. Stock and President I.L. Taylor. Type 2 fives, tens, and twenties, but only the stock of twenties was entirely issued. On September 23, 1935, the Comptroller of the Currency recorded that 1,814 $5 notes and 290 $10 notes were canceled. The illustrated Charter #311 Type 2 ten, serial number A005281, was in a delivery of $610 in $10 notes shipped to the FNB on May 13, 1935, the same shipment that included the last of the twenties, and less than three weeks before the last shipment of any notes went to the bank on May 31, 1935. I'll have to keep my eye out for a note from the very last shipment. Gettysburg, PA (#611) The Gettysburg National Bank received Charter #611 in December 1864, a few months after its neighbor, Charter #311. The Gettysburg National Bank was formed from the state-chartered Bank of Gettysburg, founded in 1814 on the origi- nal James Gettys property. The Gettysburg National Bank was still going strong when the small size era began, as evidenced by the circulation and note issuance data from Table 1. The Gettysburg National Bank issued fives, tens, and twen- ties, both Type 1 and Type 2 varieties, and all are available to collectors today. Charter #611 did not enjoy the same stability of its officers as did Charter #311. As seen in Table 2, while cashier C.W. Stock remained in place from 1929 to 1935, the bank's president changed from I. L. Taylor to C. A. Wills in 1934. However, the Wills/Stock signature combination did not appear on any notes. A review at Archives II of the BEP's Ledger of Title and Signature Changes showed no entries for Charter #611 plates except for the original 1929 plate. Because Wills was in office early enough to have notes with his signature issued, one can reason- ably question why plates were never prepared with his name. The answer is found in the Comptroller's Currency and Bond ledgers. The currency delivery ledger shows that the last BEP shipment of Charter #611 notes to the Comptroller was $89,130 in face value delivered on May 2, 1934. The final delivery from the Comptroller to the bank was on July 5, 1934, when a small shipment of just 80 Type 2 twenties was sent. Shortly thereafter, on August 8, 1934, the bank reduced its circulation by $125,000 by selling bonds. Wills took office at a time when there were sufficient notes on hand with the Comptroller, so no new order for notes was needed at the time. - ---Net C''''-)1 ESS=MMIMEGZMI- _ - It THE GETTYSBURG ,e.::... NATIONAL BANK GETTYSBURG PENNSYLVANIA WILL PAY TO THE BEARER ON DEMAND TEN DOLLARS B003559A t 8 311111VIAM11--.024akOW--1"..k OS ofRO [ Tom 1.0 - ----.. / . 0 'swum,. THE TR •071. OP 1.1. r . /40;-.-i- B003559A 4..---r IF l• 1 -,3=;:'-`'',,, UN 0 STATES 1• SUE ' .i. V )1 ' --- At& ' narimmums , -. ,,., , AnJIAJP ALUM, ►)43: A •'v.v. r 7.C.(7117.11►NA:4' .241101K.:4 alitirrili:101WINgdig : A838238:- 0 ifist P N zetirtostMlittufawCa -.....--, ._........."7:---_,......;' 72 3L..., risaraiumeolrArmrwrir 4,,... twritEnscoffir.cirrw ip-,-. Zaj:0;41ar,11,1014* If Ils‘f q Alt= 43141 kNi 14, .1/' 4144LY,....4.1Utl'> 74%■//h4Vei .001 11 11*t:Tu 711 140.11:1DOES)4.444CC011iCE. PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 183 WANTED: NATIONAL BANK NOTES Buying and Selling Nationals from all states. Price lists are not available. Please send your want list. Paying collector prices for better California notes! WILLIAM LITT P.O. BOX 6778 San Mateo, California 94403 (650) 458-8842 Fax: (650) 458-8843 E-mail: BillLitt@aol.com Member SPMC, PCDA, ANA THE FIRST NATIONAL BANN OF GETTYSRURG SOUTH DAKOTA WM. PAY TO THE.EARER 04 DEMAND TEN DOLIMIS 1111,1111CURINCI: s ,..410.[44 nal COOO488A RED -o+e TR .0 9jAix 6 0, STATES SUE 184 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY The Adam and Ross Richardson father-son signature pairing is seen on this note from the First National Bank of Gettysburg, South Dakota. In March 1930 the bank was renamed the Potter County National Bank. Most of the last delivery from the BEP for Charter #611 never left the Comptroller of the Currency, and unfortunately for Mr. Wills, this ample stock meant that new notes bearing his signature were never needed nor prepared. On June 29, 1935, $65,330 of the $89,130 May 2nd BEP delivery was canceled. Despite the fact that Charter #611 issued 32,236 more notes than Charter #311, Kelly (1997) lists 19 notes known, a handful fewer than listed for Charter #311. Considering there are notes likely held outside the numismatic census, Charter #611 is likely to be in the R2 common category for small size notes. The survival number may well have been higher if not for the large circulation cut in the sum- mer of 1934. Still, Charter #611 notes are reasonably plentiful, and like their Charter #311 counterparts, can be found on an occasional basis at coin and curren- cy shows. As with Charter #311 notes, they are usually found well circulated. Gettysburg, SD (#8776) In July 1907, 43 years after its Pennsylvania namesakes, The First National Bank of Gettysburg, SD received Charter #8776. The bank had a circulation of $25,000, and its 1929 president and cashier were the father and son team of Adam and Ross Richardson (Table 2). On March 29, 1930, the bank changed its title to Potter County National Bank of Gettysburg. The BEP's Ledger of Title and Signature Changes recorded this change with an April 1930 entry noting a new plate was made due to a change in the bank's title and cashier, and indicating that a replacement plate fee of $30 was charged. The new cashier was Henry Frick. The senior Mr. Richardson died in 1932, ending a remarkably long tenure as the only president the bank had known since its charter in 1907. With his father's death, Ross Richardson became the bank's president, lasting with Mr. Frick through the end of the small size National Bank Note era. As seen in Table 2, this small South Dakota bank offers considerable variety and challenge. There are two bank titles, each with a different signature combina- tion, one of which is the father/son signature pairing. The last Charter #8776 offi- cers were Ross Richardson and Henry Frick, but there is no entry in the BEP's Ledger of Title and Signature Changes for a new overprint plate, so this last signa- ture combination did not appear on notes. The two existing titles are extremely tough to find. Only the $10 denomina- tion was issued, with the FNB title issuing 3,144 Type 1 tens and the Potter County title issuing 3,936 tens, split between Type 1 and Type 2 notes. Roughly two-thirds of the Potter County NB notes were Type 1 notes. The last BEP deliv- ery to the bank consisted of 948 Type 2 tens sent to the Comptroller in October 1934. That supply was more than enough, and only 432 of the notes were deliv- ered to Potter County NB. The last delivery to the bank, of just 20 notes, took place on March 25, 1935. The remaining 516 $10 notes on hand with the Comptroller were canceled September 12, 1935. Kelly (1997) lists only three small notes known under the first title, and just two under the second title. Treating the two titles separately, these are fairly rare notes, R5 or R6 on the rarity scale. The often-quoted National Bank Note wisdom that says "the opportunity to buy may be rarer than the note itself' seems at work flifiCgair 14 1 ligt="6."''"Y 10 Vt■ acf ;' ,0-AintaRatiPe•• LidAtal:gia...i TO-1 40044,- tit . f; /.4 ' 4 1. • .1"'t .7.1:1,77-' The trrry•-4 1"1. 4Z2" 887 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 185 New Hampshire Bank Notes Wanted Also Ephemera I am continuing a long-time study on currency issued by banks in New Hampshire, including state-chartered banks 1792-1865, and National Banks circa 1863-1935. Also I am studying colonial and provincial notes. I would like to purchase just about anything in colonial and provin- cial notes, nearly everything in state-chartered notes, and items that are scarce or rare among National Bank notes. I am not seeking bar- gains, but I am willing to pay the going price. I will give an immedi- ate decision on all items sent, and instant payment for all items pur- chased. Beyond that, I am very interested in ephemera including original stock certificates for such banks, correspondence mentioning cur- rency, bank ledgers, and more. With co-author David M. Sundman and in cooperation with a special scrip note project by Kevin Lafond, I am anticipating the production of a book-length study of the subject, containing basic information about currency, many illustrations including people, buildings, and other items beyond the notes themselves, and much other informa- tion which I hope will appeal to anyone interested in historical details. All of this, of course, is very fascinating to me! Dave Bowers P.O. Box 539 Wolfeboro Falls, NH 03896-0539 E-mail: qdbarchive@metrocast.net 2111A1011MIMPIGIM, KALPIUMPCIWITXONIATIMIDOAIMIDSPOSITERINTIRTHIIINIAACASHOF 1;;f, '1 141111011AllliWOMMtt THE CITIZENS NATIONAL BANK OF Op GE1 YSBURG mu" 0 WILL PAY TO THE atARIM OA DEMAND 0 TWENTY 1/01LiltS A 0 ,91,.65A A 000165 A " TWENTY DOLLARS 186 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY with Charter #8776 notes. In reviewing dozens of major currency auction catalogs covering the last decade, I did not find a single Charter #8776 small size note for sale. The Type 1 $10 note illustrated with this article is a well worn, but nonethe- less prized example bearing the first signature pairing. Suffice to say, a Charter #8776 note, in any condition under either title, is a worthwhile addition to one's collection! Gettysburg, OH (#10058) The last of the four Gettysburg banks to be chartered was The Citizens National Bank of Gettysburg, Ohio (#10058). Chartered in 1911, the bank issued both Type 1 and Type 2 small size notes, in ten- and twenty-dollar denominations only. Kelly (1997) reports seven small size notes known. While Darke County had a sizable population in 1930 exceeding 38,000, and was serviced by eight national banks, The Citizens National Bank was one of the smaller banks in the county with its $29,220 circulation. Of the four Gettysburg charters discussed in this article, Charter #10058 in Ohio issued the fewest number of 1929 notes, just 6,651 (Table 1). A Type 2 twenty would be a nice find; only 267 were issued. Illustrated is a Type 1 twenty with the signature combination of Ira M. Petersime, president, and A. W. Fair, cashier. This was the only signature combi- nation issued. Table 2 shows that cashier A. W. Fair remained in place for the duration of the small size period. In fact, Mr. Fair had been with the bank since 1908, before its national charter, as assistant cashier and bookkeeper. Ira Petersime was president when the small notes arrived in 1929, and remained in place until 1932. Vice president William Toman served briefly as president in 1933, with Petersime resuming the president's office in 1934 and 1935. While Table 2 shows there was potential for a Toman/Fair signature combination on Charter #10058 notes, the BEP's ledger shows no entries except for the original 1929 plate. Small size Gettysburg, OH notes are not frequently seen and are likely in the R4 scarce category described by Hickman and Oakes. Kelly (1997) lists seven small notes known compared to just two large, but the most recent offerings I've seen have been Series 1902 twenties. Many people would take one glance and assume this note was from Pennsylvania. Instead, it's a much more scarce Type 1 note from The Citizens National Bank of Gettysburg, Ohio. Conclusion If every owner of a Series 1929 Gettysburg, PA note decided to collect a companion Gettysburg note from Ohio and South Dakota, the rush would be on, and a lot of empty-handed collectors would result. There just aren't enough Ohio or South Dakota Gettysburg notes to go around, and the notes that do exist must be in tight fists. Still, the small town notes make collecting Gettysburg notes more interesting, particularly since the two Pennsylvania banks are obtainable. The notes have broad appeal because of their Civil War connection, and there's enough variety with the signature, title layout, and bank name changes to build an interest- ing collection. 000 L-"" AAIS 1890 $1,000 "Grand Watermelon" Note HINDUS Doll UtS e $500 1880 Legal Tender 9171MC.1174,111.4.,,,,W toomilittaulow 601(11701n 514752k PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 187 Lyn Knight Currency Auctions Deal With The Leading Auction Company in U.S. Currency NATTOKit ofittat-Tre eyAA-Notl`feltgge ,irnT "1427 Rir"nignittkl Serial #1 Washington Brownback If you are buying notes... You'll find a spectacular selection of rare and unusual currency offered for sale in each and every auction presented by Lyn Knight Currency Auctions. Our auctions are conducted throughout the year on a quarterly basis and each auction is supported by a beautiful "grand format" catalog, featuring lavish descriptions and high quality photography of the lots. Annual Catalog Subscription (4 catalogs) $50 Call today to order your subscription! 800-243-5211 If you are selling notes... Lyn Knight Currency Auctions has handled virtually every great United States currency rarity. We can sell all of your notes! Colonial Currency... Obsolete Currency... Fractional Currency... Encased Postage... Confederate Currency... United States Large and Small Size Currency... National Bank Notes... Error Notes... Military Payment Certificates (MPC)... as well as Canadian Bank Notes and scarce Foreign Bank Notes. We offer: • Great Commission Rates • Cash Advances •Expert Cataloging •Beautiful Catalogs Call or send your notes today! If your collection warrants we'll be happy to travel to your location and review your notes 800-243-5211 Mail notes to Lyn Knight Currency Auctions P. 0. Box 7364, Overland Park, KS 66207-0364 1882 $1,000 Gold Certificate We strongly recommend that you send your material via USPS Registered Mail insured for its full value. Prior to mailing material, please make a complete listing, including photocopies of the note(s), for your records. We will acknowlege receipt of your material upon its arrival. If you have a question about currency, call Lyn Knight. He looks forward to assisting you. ,r1n ekin ht Currency Auctions A Collectors Universe Company Nasdaq: CLOT P.O. Box 7384, Overland Park, KS 66207 • 800-243-5211 • 913-338-3779 • Fax: 913-338-4754 • E-mail: Kinfknight@aol.com • mm.lyrilmighl.com 188 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Acknowledgments A number of generous individuals provided information for this article, or provided the foundation for this work. Peter Huntoon's writings and his National Bank Note class at the ANA Summer Seminar sparked my interest in plate varieties and research in the Comptroller of the Currency ledgers. Peter made helpful sug- gestions for this article, and this article's format loosely follows the structure of his articles on Series 1929 Arizona and Wyoming notes. Kathleen Nagel of the Dakota Sunset Museum was tremendously helpful and provided a wealth of infor- mation on the founding of Gettysburg, SD and its national bank. Bernie Webb provided me with checks from the banks in Gettysburg, SD. Judy Logan of the Darke County Historical Society provided information on the founding of Gettysburg, OH and on The Citizens National Bank. Wayne DeCesar, of the Archives II staff, showed me through the stacks of Comptroller of the Currency records and was a great help as I sought certain boxes of records. Matt Hansen helped with Comptroller of the Currency information, and alerted me to Gettysburg notes along the way. My thanks also go to the helpful staff at the Comptroller of the Currency's library in Washington, D.C. Finally, thanks to Mark Hotz, Terry, and Alex for sending Gettysburg, PA notes in my direction. References and Sources of Information Bluestone, Barney. The Albert A. Grinnell Collection of United States Paper Money. Syracuse, NY: Barney Bluestone. Reprint of 1944-1946 Grinnell auction cat- alogs by Anton, William T., and Morey Perlmutter (1971). Bureau of Engraving and Printing. BEP Ledger Pertaining to Plates, Rolls, and Dies, Volume 34, "Title and Signature Changes, Series of 1929." U.S. National Archives, Archives II, College Park, MD. Records Group 318, Stack 450, Row 79 (1929-1935). Comptroller of the Currency. Annual Reports of the Comptroller of the Currency, "Individual Statements of Condition of National Banks at the Close of Business December 31 (or 30)." Washington: United States Government Printing Office (1929-1935). Comptroller of the Currency. National Currency and Bond Ledgers. U.S. National Archives, Archives II, College Park, MD (1929-1935). Hickman, John, and Dean Oakes. Standard Catalog of National Bank Notes, Second Edition. Iola, WI: Krause Publications (1982). Huntoon, Peter. "Arizona Series of 1929 National Bank Notes," Paper Money, Volume 32, No. 2 (March/April 1993), pp. 55-68. Huntoon, Peter. "Wyoming Series of 1929 National Bank Notes, Paper Money, Volume 35, No. 2 (March/April 1996), pp. 51-64. Huntoon, Peter. "Finding Aid for Use in Locating Ledger Pages for Specific Banks in the Comptroller of the Currency National Currency and Bond Ledgers," instructions (not a publication) accompanying U.S. Archives II records group locator information. Archives II, College Park, Maryland Gune 2001), 3 pp. Industrial and Descriptive History of Gettysburg, Ohio, a Souvenir, 1908. Town history provided by Darke County Historical Society. Darke County, Ohio (1908). Kelly, Don C. National Bank Notes, A Guide with Prices, Third Edition. Oxford, OH: The Paper Money Institute (1997). McSherry, William. History of The Bank of Gettysburg, 1814-1864 - The Gettysburg National Bank, 1864-1914, of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Gettysburg, PA: The Gettysburg National Bank (1914). Richardson, Ross. Banking in Potter County, Chapter 20, pp. 43-44; and Combellick, Olin E., Grand Army of the Republic, Department of South Dakota, Meade Post No. 32, Chapter 58, p. 111, reprinted in Gettysburg, South Dakota 75th Anniversary Book 1883-1958. Gettysburg, SD (1958). United States Bureau of the Census, 1930 Census, population abstracts by state and county. Washington, D.0 (1990). Warns, Melvin, Peter Huntoon, and Louis Van Belkum. The National Bank Note Issues of 1929-1935, Second Edition. Society of Paper Money Collectors. Chicago, IL: Printed by Hewitt Brothers (1973). PUBLIC AUCTION S L ADITfIRICAIqA. PU IC COIN AUCTION 66' 1 . Sale ( (Private .Atusennt Collection Li tiled States `Type 'Paper Along P t ToroOdpogielRfiREST Carib OCTOBER 16, 2001 123 WEST 57Ih STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. PUBLIC AUCTION SALE AMIE: ICANA COLONIAL AND FEDERAL COINS, MEDALS AND CURRENCY fcan■ring Selections from the Hain Family Collection Part II anuary 15, 16, 17, 2002 123 WEST 57th STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 19019-2280 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 189 America's OLDEST COIN Auction House Is Also America's OLDEST CURRENCY Auction House When you think of selling, you must think of Consignments are now being accepted for our upcoming 2002/2003 Auction Schedule Contact Harvey or Lawrence Stack for consignment information. 2001 AMERICANA SALE Prices Realized nearly $4.5 Million, including $850,000 in banknotes. 66th ANNIVERSARY SALE Private Museum Collection of U.S. Type Notes Prices Realized $300,000+. 2002 AMERICANA SALE Prices Realized Over $7.3 million, including $500,000 in currency. 123 West 57th Street New York, NY 10019 a Telephone (212) 582-2580 FAX: (212) 245-5018 e-mail: info @stacks.com Visit our Web site at www.stacks.com pROFESSIO Nb NUMISMATISIs Larry Stack Harvey Stack Tom Panichella STACK'S NUMISMATISTS Auctions — Appraisals — Retail SINCE 1935 190 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY The Willius Brothers of St. Paul and Ethnic Banking in Minnesota By Steve Schroeder M ANY TOWNSHIPS IN MINNESOTA AND MOST OF the Dakotas were settled after the Civil War. Because of the region's rural nature, its remoteness, and the recent immigra- tion, many families kept the languages and culture they brought with them from their old countries. Their communities, schools and churches often contained ethnic enclaves which kept alive memories of the fatherland. Thus, it was only natural that many of their institutions received ethnic names. Before World War I, Minnesota had several dozen banks with ethnic names. Table 1 (following) is a partial list of the ethnic named state and national banks in Minnesota during the years before 1918. Most of these titles belong to state banks, suggesting that the list of ethnic national bank titles compiled by Charles Dean I is only a small sample of ethnic named banks across the country. The national bank titles make up less than 10 per cent of Minnesota's ethnic bank titles. With the exception of the R-6 notes from The German-American National Bank of St. Cloud (#3009), notes from Minnesota's ethnic named national banks have appeared fairly regularly in auc- tions and sale catalogs in recent years. There are also a number of nice checks from the German State Bank of Ellsworth available for collectors. Artifacts from most of the other ethnic-named institutions are more difficult to locate. These artifacts and the long list of banks with ethnic names raise an obvi- ous and interesting question: Did these banks serve any special function, or did they just adopt ethnic names to attract customers? The Willius Brothers of St. Paul were bankers who responded to the needs of the immigrant community, and who also practiced conventional bank- ing for the wider community. If we define ethnic banking as the adoption of banking practices that are specifically intended to serve the needs of a particular nation- al, cultural or religious group, the Willius Brothers would be a prime example. They practiced and advertised ethnic banking. Every immigrant group followed its own pattern of immigration. It is dangerous to generalize too broadly, since there was no single model for any particular group. However, as a general rule, in the mid-19th century, many German immigrants came as families and as groups of families. In rural areas, they often became a separate community, apart from the larger English-speak- ing community. Before World War I, a German-American community often had its own separate schools, German language newspapers, churches and social clubs (Turnvereins). Part of this was due to geographic isolation. In a 1991 review of News from the Land of Freedom: German Immigrants Write Home, a compilation of letters of German immigrants, Martin Marty compared the 19th century German communities with today's Hispanic communities, many of which retain their own culture and language: Nativism was a presence, partly because some of the immigrants were Roman Catholics in a Protestant environment and more often because the German- speaking, beer-drinking Lutheran, Reformed and Evangelical latecomers did not fit into English America any better than the Catholics did. The editors may exag- gerate a bit in comparing them to the Hispanic Americans of today, but the analo- gy is not farfetched, so despised were these pioneers of bilingualism who insisted on speaking German in their schools and who seemed a people set apart. Miami BUY ALL U.S. CURRENCY Good to Gem Unc. I can't sell what I don't have A.M. ("Art") KAGIN 505 Fifth Avenue, Suite 1001 Des Moines, Iowa 50309-2316 (515) 243-7363 Fax: (515) 288-8681 At 83 It's Still Fun - Currency & Coin Dealer Over 60 Years I attend about 15 Currency-Coin Shows per year Visit Most States (Call, Fax or Write for Appointment) Collector Since 1928 Professional Since 1933 Founding Member PNG, President 1963-64 ANA Life Member 103, Governor 1983-87 ANA 50-Year Gold Medal Recipient 1988 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 191 NEW MEMBERS MEMBERSHIP DIRECTOR Frank Clark P.O. Box 117060 Carrollton, TX 75011 SPMC NEW MEMBERS - 02/18/2003 10569 Mike Baker (C), Tom Denly 10570 Allen Segner (C), Hugh Shull 10571 Robert W. McGowan III, 909 E. Court St, Janesville, WI 53545 (C), Website 10572 Murray Bruskin (C), Torn Denly 10573 Neil Schrader (C), Frank Clark 10574 Carl Agostini (C & D), Bob Cochran 10575 Mike Henning (C), Bob Cochran 10576 Bruce Serfass, 333 Goodwin Rd, Eliot, ME 03903 (C, Obsoletes, Nationals, Type), Frank Trask 10577 Travis P. Bonfigli, 1540 Hornbeam Dr, Crofton, MD 21114- 1671 (C, Silver Certificates $2 Notes), Frank Clark 10578 T. Wayne Edgeworth (C), Tom Denly 10579 Jerry Gurley (C), Website 10580 Brown Gardner, 5435 N. Highland Dr, Durhan, NC 27712 (C, Fractional), Benny Bolin 10581 Joel Nelson (C), Torn Denly 10582 Gregory M. Ledet, 273 Monarch Dr. Apt F-15, Houma, LA 70364 (C & D, U.S. Small Size), Website 10583 G. Morgan Slade (C), Tom Denly 10584 Michael Rice (C), Tom Denly 10585 Tony E. Johnson, 811 W. 5th St #304, Winston-Salem, NC 27101 (C, Nationals), Vernon Valiance Jr. 10586 M.B. Aufer Johar, 5 First Lane, Old Kesbewa Road, Delkanda, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka (D, Ceylon & Sri Lanka Currency), Website 10587 Raymond F. Schlesinger, 5618 Anza St, San Francisco, CA 94121 (C, Small Size), Arri Jacob 10588 D.W. Owen, PO Box 19903, Birmingham, AL 35219 (C, CSA), Frank Clark SPMC NEW MEMBERS - 03/13/2003 10589 Manop Anivatanapong, 4204 Van Buren Dr #121, West Des Moines, IA 50266 (C, US Large), Frank Clark 10590 Derrin Sorenson (C), Tom Denly 10591 Kathleen A. Cejka (C), Benny Bolin 10592 Gerald De Balfo (C), Benny Bolin 10593 Bob Stewart, 807 Stewart Ave, Union Point, GA 30669 (C, Fractional), Benny Bolin 10594 John DeBlois (C), Tom Denly 10595 Arthur Brown (C), Website 10596 Ed Dunbar (C), Benny Bolin 10597 Michael Mustain (C), Benny Bolin 10598 Ron Nichols (C), Benny Bolin 10599 Jose Trevino, PO Box 3905, Corpus Christi, TX 78463 (C), Website 10600 Leo D. Alukonis Jr., PO Box 54, Amissville, VA 20106-0054 (C & D), Tom Denly 10601 Alfred Cameron, 71 Fox Rd, Middleton, NH 03887 (C, Paper, Fractional), Benny Bolin 10602 Richard P. Henke, (C), Benny Bolin 10603 Ray Marrello, PO Box 807, Mundelein, IL 60060 (D, US Large & Small, Nationals), Website 10604 Harry W. Collier Jr. (C), Judith Murphy 10605 Arden H. Brame Jr., (C), Benny Bolin LIFE MEMBERSHIP LM340 Jhon E. Cybuski Jr. (C & D), Website REINSTATEMENT 998 John J. Harrington Jr., 36 Oakview Ave, Maplewood, NJ 07040 (C), Frank Clark • Table 1 - Minnesota State and National Banks with Ethnic Titles Name of Bank City Date Closed or Changed Cause or Successor German-American State Bank Albertville German State Bank Amboy June 8, 1910 First National Bank Scandinavian American State Bank Badger April 15, 1922 Closed German American State Bank Bejou July 19, 1918 Farmers State Bank Scandia Savings Association Benson June 12, 1917 Liquidated German American State Bank Clara City September 14, 1918 Citizens State Bank German State Bank Douglas June 14, 1918 Douglas State Bank German State Bank Ellsworth Ellsworth State Bank Scandia State Bank Erskine April 30, 1918 First National Bank # 11173 Scandia State Bank Fergus Falls November 1, 1918 American State Bank Germantown State Bank Germantown September 10, 1914 Farmers State Bank German-American Bank Hastings July 27, 1918 Hastings National Bank German-American State Bank Howard Lake July 31, 1918 American State Bank German American National Bank #4655 Little Falls May 3, 1918 American National Bank German American State Bank Mankato April 25, 1918 American State Bank German-American State Bank Melrose February 21, 1916 Consolidated with Borgerding State Bank German American State Bank Millerville April 13, 1918 Millerville State Bank German American Bank Minneapolis March 22, 1918 North American Bank Germania Bank Minneapolis April 17, 1911 Metropolitan National Bank Irish American Bank Minneapolis January 4, 1896 Closed Scandia Bank Minneapolis December 28, 1896 Closed Scandinavian American National Bank #9409 Minneapolis December 10, 1917 Midland National Bank #9409 Swedish American Bank Minneapolis April 18, 1894 Swedish American National Bank #4951 Swedish American National Bank #4951 Minneapolis December 31, 1908 Consolidated with Northwestern N.B. #2006 German American State Bank Richmond September 13, 1918 American State Bank Scandia State Bank Scandia February 23, 1933 Closed German American Bank Shakopee Sometime in 1883 Closed German-American National Bank St. Cloud April 20, 1897 Liquidated German American State Bank St. Michael's November 1, 1918 Albertville State Bank German American Bank St. Paul May 2, 1883 National German American Bank #2943 Germania Bank St. Paul July 17, 1899 Closed National German-American Bank of St. Paul St. Paul November 27, 1912 Liquidated/consolidated with Merchants N.B. #2020 Scandinavian Savings Bank St. Paul December 27, 1924 Dissolved Swedish American State Bank St. Paul May 22, 1919 Payne Avenue State Bank Scandia State Bank Stephen September 13, 1919 Farmers State Bank Scandia State Bank Thief River Falls June 29, 1901 First National Bank #5894 German American State Bank Torah July 26, 1909 German American Bank of Richmond German American State Bank Wells September 9, 1899 Liquidated German American Bank Winona May 7, 1897 Consolidated with Merchants Bank Sources: Records of the Minnesota Banking Commissioner, Minnesota Historical Society Archives, and Rippley, History of German- American Banking in Minnesota 192 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY of today. . . cannot compare to the Milwaukee of 100 years ago in respect to the proportionate numbers of immigrants or their separateness in the larger culture . 2 The separateness of the German communities provided immigrants with security and the culture of the Fatherland. 3 German immigration was often a family matter, but there were still many issues to consider. How could anyone dare to uproot his family and come to the new land? How would they transfer their holdings from the old country to this country? What if someone died in the Fatherland and willed assets to the son who had gone to America? What if the immigrant son wanted to send steamer tickets to the parents, sister or brother who had stayed behind in Europe? Ferdinand and Gustav Willius were born in Bremen in 1830 and 1831 respectively. Their father, a merchant, died unexpectedly in 1838 and the two boys were educated in a boarding school in Bremerhaven. Ferdinand became an apprentice in a grocery and drugstore and worked in a factory before leaving PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 193 research exchange • Banco de Perez y Planas (1861) • Exchange Bank of Colon (1866) • Banco de Panama (1869) • Estado de Panama (1861) (Bills or Deuda Consolidada) • Estado Soberano de Panama (1865) • Estado de Panama (1873) • Estado de Panama (1875) • Estado Soberano de Panama (1880) Thank you, Joaquin Gil del Real 546 North Niagara St. Burbank, CA 91505 a service to members of spmc I am working on updates of several previously pub- lished articles and/or unpublished articles on early Panama banking and currency. Since writing them, I have uncovered some interesting information and other bits and pieces on several topics. I would appreciate a good photocopy or scan of items from the following: MACERATED MONEY Wanted information on U.S. Chopped up Money. Who made the items, where sold, and anything of interest. Also I am a buyer of these items. Top Prices paid. Bertram M. Cohen, 169 Marlborough St., Boston, MA 02116-1830 E-mail: Marblebert@aol.com INSURANCE For The PaperMoney Collector Your homeowners insurance is rarely enough to cover your collectibles. We have provided economical, dependable collectibles insurance since 1966. • Sample collector rates: $3,000 for $14, 510,000 for $38, $25,000 for $95, $50,000 for $190, $100,000 for $278, $200,000 for $418. Above $200,000, rate is $1.40 per $1,000. • Our insurance carrier is AM Best's rated A+ (Superior). • We insure paper money, paper ephemera, manuscripts, hooks, autographs and scores of other collectibles. "One-stop" service for practically everything you collect. • Replacement value. We use expert:professional help valuing collectible losses. Consumer friendly service: Our office handles your loss—you won't deal with a big insurer who doesn't know collectibles. • Detailed inventory and/or professional appraisal not required. Collectors list items over $5,000, dealers no listing required. • See our website (or call, fax, e-mail us) for 11111 information. including standard exclusions. Collectibles Insurance Agency P.O. Box 1200-PM • Westminster MD 21158 E-Mail: info@insurecollectibles.com VISA' oucewt See the online application and rate quote forms on our website Call Toll Free:1-888-837-9537 • Fax: (410) 876-9233 More Info? Need A Rate Quote? Visit: www.collectinsure.com ltora. to Bearer E prearnled 1. $0. 194 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY for America in 1853. He worked in New York for a time. By 1856, Ferdinand and a friend, Henry Meyer, arrived in St. Paul and established a private bank- ing house in St. Paul, styled Meyer and Willius. They invited Ferdinand's brother Gustav to join them in St. Paul. The banking house of F. and G. Willius succeeded Meyer and Willius in early 1859. 4 The banking louse of F. and G. Willius became Willius Brothers and Dunbar in 1863 with the addition of L. L. Dunbar as a partner. The new part- ner, Lewis L. Dunbar, was not the former state auditor, W. F. Dunbar, but the Dunbar name did not hurt the firm's reputation. The partnership advertised itself in the German language press as the Deutsche Spar-Banf von Gebruder Willius & Dunbar (German Savings Bank of the Willius Brothers and Dunbar) and as the Deutsche Banf von Willius Bro's & Dunbar (the German Bank of Willius Brothers and Dunbar). It offered typical banking services for the immigrant family as well as to the general banking public. The young bankers bought and sold gold and silver, provided a currency exchange, made loans, and provided communication in German as well as English. In 1867 the King of Prussia appointed Ferdinand Willius as German Consul in St. Paul and President Andrew Johnson issued a patent for this appointment. (The patent was needed to validate and recognize the appoint- ment.) On September 4, 1871, he was reappointed by the new Kaiser and received the required patent letter from President U.S. Grant. In 1873, the German American Bank of St. Paul succeeded the banking house of Willius Brothers and Dunbar. It advertised in the German language papers as Deutsch-Amerikanische Banf of St. Paul, Minnesota. By this time, the bank's legal capital was $200,000, and it advertised that it also had $300,000 of additional paid-in capital. The new banking company also included General John Sanborn as vice president. Sanborn was the state adjutant general at the beginning of the Civil War. At the outset of the Civil War, Sanborn earned $100 per year as state adjutant general and contributed $2,000 to pay for equip- ment for the First Minnesota Regiment of Volunteers. Later he served as com- mander of the Fourth Minnesota Regiment, and was promoted to brigadier general. Sanborn's position at the bank was probably honorary, but it added respectability to the enterprise. 5 Both of the banks (The Willius Brothers and Dunbar and The German American Bank) offered a variety of services especially designed for the immi- grant community. They advertised foreign exchange at fair rates. They offered to transfer and receive money to and from any city in Europe. The bank provided powers of attorney and could send or receive death certificates. The bank could transfer inheritances and administer property here or overseas. The bank also had a division that could manage property here or in Germany for a commission. One division of the hank was an early travel agency of sorts. An immigrant could pay for steamer tickets in St. Paul to be delivered in Germany, and arrange the details of transportation from old country to the new. The bank advertised that one could deposit funds in Europe for with- drawal by another family member in St. Paul, all within a day (or transmit funds in the opposite direction). 6 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 BUYING AND SELLING PAPER MONEY U.S., All types Thousands of Nationals, Large and Small, Silver Certificates, U.S. Notes, Gold Certificates, Treasury Notes, Federal Reserve Notes, Fractional, Continental, Colonial, Obsoletes, Depression Scrip, Checks, Stocks, etc. Foreign Notes from over 250 Countries Paper Money Books and Supplies Send us your Want List ... or .. . Ship your material for a fair offer LOWELL C. HORWEDEL P.O. BOX 2395 WEST LAFAYETTE, IN 47996 SPMC #2907 (765) 583-2748 ANA LM #1503 Fax: (765) 583-4584 e-mail: Ihorwedel@insightbb.com website: horwedelscurrency.com r Always Wanted Monmouth County, New Jersey Obsoletes — Nationals — Scrip Histories and Memorabilia Allenhurst — Allentown — fisting Park — Atlantic Highlands — Belmar Bradlee Bench — Eatontown — Englishtown — Freehold — Howell Keansburg — Key port — Long Branch — Manasquan — Matawan Middletown — Ocean Grove — Red Bank — Sea Bright — Spring Lake N.B. Buckman P.O. Box 608, Ocean Grove, NJ 07756 NBuckman@optonline.net New Hampshire Notes Wanted: Obsolete currency, National Bank notes, other items relating to New Hampshire paper money from the earliest days onward. Dave Bowers P.O. Box 539 Wolfeboro Falls, NH 03896-0539 E-mail: qdbarchive@metrocast.net 1 195 Buying & Selling All Choice to Gem CU Fractional Currency Paying Over Bid Please Call: 916-687-7219 ROB'S COINS & CURRENCY P.O. Box 303 Wilton, CA 95693 tolkook1•5'..31alrTEs D OI ri ;7.) • anlentculil ) °t •• fx TEP007..zz., , 196 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Advertisements in German language papers also pointed out that Willius was the Kaiserlich-Deutches Konsulat, a post that he held from 1867 until about 1874. 7 On May 2, 1883, the German American State Bank was chartered as the National German-American Bank of St. Paul, charter number 2943. By this time, the bank's capital had increased to $2,000,000. The local press reported that it was one of the largest banks in the country with over two hundred and fifty shareholders. 8 As one of the largest banking institutions in Minnesota, it reflected the character and management skills of its two immigrant founders. The National German-American Bank of St. Paul provided clearing and corre- spondent services for many banks in Minnesota and Dakota Territory. Ferdinand Willius retired from banking in 1883, about the time of the national charter, although he remained on its board of directors. Gustav Willius continued as cashier of the new bank. The National German- American Bank remained in business until 1912, when it merged with the Merchants National Bank of St. Paul. It issued several series of National Bank Notes, as follows: 9 Series 1882 Brown Backs 10 - 10 - 10 -20 sheets, numbers 1 -4,875 Series 1902 Red Seals 10- 10 - 10 -20 sheets, numbers 1 - 11,800 Series 1902 Blue Seal Date Backs 5-5-5-5 sheets, numbers 1-10,400 10-10-10-20 sheets, numbers 1 -4,748 By 1883 the Willius Brothers' German bank had grown to such size that it had become more than a bank merely for German immigrants. The Willius fami- ly papers are on deposit in the Minnesota Historical Society and become less German and more English language documents after 1880. Ferdinand Willius became less active in the bank sometime in 1883 and retired from the business. After the panic of 1893, Ferdinand was asked to rejoin the bank as a consul- tant. He noted, "Upon my return from Europe, but more particularly since my brother's subsequent retirement, I found a great change of policy in the business management and business policy of the bank." 1° In other words, the officers made more of the decisions than before and some directors received preferential treatment. Perhaps the word "German" in the title was symbolic of a higher, stricter standard of business practices and bank security (important in the days before the FDIC) as well as means to market to the German community. Some German-titled banks may have been German in name only as the Anglo community tried to reach into the immigrant community for customers. The Willius banks moved in the opposite direction: from the German communi- We are proud to continue the numismatic legacy begun in 1933 Specializing in Quality and Rare U.S. Currency U.S. Large Size Fractionals Colonials Nationals National Gold Bank Notes Encased Postage Kagin's -- an established name for conservative grading of quality notes. We specialize in building U.S. currency collections of premium quality and rare notes. Favorable terms to suit your individual needs. 98 Main Street #201 Tiburon, CA 94920 1-888-8KAGINS www.kagins.com Call Judy WORLD PAPER MONEY specialized in Poland. Russia & E.Europe ATS notes Free Price List www.atsnotes.com ats@atsnotes.com Tom Sluszkiewicz P.O.Box 54521, Middlegate Postal BURNABY, B.C., CANADA, V5E 4J6 T IS THE #1 WHOLESALE SOURCE OF Paper money (historical & modern ), notgeld, coins (Chinese, Roman, modern, etc.), tokens, stamps, checks, Primitive monies, etc. Wholesale list is available on request Please contact us at: P. 0. Box 2-S, Ridgefield Park, NJ - 07660 - USA Toll Free: 1-800-775-8450 Telephone: 1-201-641-6641 / Fax: 1-201-641-1700 E-mail: Order@pomexport.com / Website: www.Pomexport.com Buying Carl Bombara Selling -•:" United States Currency P.O. Box 524 New York, N.Y. 10116-0524 Phone 212 989-9108 ititcortf■ • You can be a leader too • • Advertise in PAPER MONEY PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 197 STOCKS & BONDS MONTHLY MAIL BID SALES RR's, Mining, Banking, etc. etc. Something For Everyone FREE LISTING I RICHARD T. HOOBER, JR. I Why? Why do the leading paper money dealers advertise in PAPER MONEY? Because they are the LEADING DEALERS & They intend to remain THE leaders! DO YOU COLLECT FISCAL PAPER? The American Society of Check Collectors publishes a quarterly journal for members. Visit our website at http://members.aol.com/asccinfo or write to Coleman Leifer, POB 577, Garrett Park, MD 20896. Dues are $10 per year for US residents, $12 for Canadian and Mexican residents, and $18 for those in foreign locations. r I I I P.O. Box 7917, North Port, FL 34287 Phone or Fax (941) 426-2620 I I I I I 198 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY ty into the larger community. They provided ethnic services and brought commu- nity leaders into the business as their bank grew from a small, private firm to one of the state's largest. (The St. Paul Globe called it one of the 10 largest banks in the country in 1883, but that was probably exaggeration.) The Willius Brothers banks demonstrate how an organized bank could serve the needs of a community of immigrants within the framework of American law and custom. Many writers have pointed out that the German bank names disappeared during World War I. The change was caused by more than "public hysteria," a reason that is sometimes given. In Minnesota, the legislature established the Commission of Public Safety, an agency with the power to root out subversion. It used its police powers to root out ethnic diversity. The years 1917 and 1918 were a dark page in the state's history as the Commission ignored the rights of citizens. The Commission discouraged the teaching of foreign languages in the public schools and cast aspersions at any group that retained its customs or conducted church services in any native language. The stated purpose of the Commission was to encourage patriotism and to serve as a watchdog of loyalty, but the damage to the public school system was not undone until the Kennedy era when foreign languages were again taught in smaller Minnesota schools. The commission's tar- gets included anyone accused of socialism or pacifism, labor unions and the Non- Partisan League (a political party with many Scandinavian members). Minnesota's German-named banks sensibly changed their names, although the bank at St. Michael's held out until the eve of Armistice Day, November 11th, 1918. Charles A. Dean, "The Ethnic National Banks," Paper Money #201, (May-June 1999), page 74. Martin E. Marty, "Beer and Sermons, A review of News from the Land of Freedom," New York Times Book Review (December 29, 1991), page 2. "Fatherland" might be a more appropriate term to refer to the country left by most German immigrants. Before 1871, there was no single political entity called "Germany," but a collection of several dozen small, competing political states. The term "German" may be a term that more accurately refers to a language or a culture before the rise of Bismarck. Many immigrants referred to themselves as Prussians, Bavarians, Westphalians, and so forth. There were also several dialects of German with slightly different pronunciation patterns. When we consider the German state and national banks, we should not think that the name "German" referred to a single political entity in Europe. St. Paul Dispatch (November 1, 1916), page 1. All 71 011 77CeMent of the organization of the German-American Bank of St. Paul, (November 1, 1873), contained in Willius family papers, Minnesota Historical Society Archives, St. Paul. Biographical data on General Sanborn is from Richard Moe, The Last Full Measure: The Life and Death of the First Minnesota Volunteers, Henry Holt (1993), page 22. Willius papers, Minnesota Historical Society. Lavern J. Rippley, "German-American Banking in Minnesota," included in A Heritage Fulfilled: German Americans, Concordia College (1984), page 104. St. Paul Daily Globe (May 3, 1883). National Archives, as reported by Hickman and Oakes, Standard Catalogue of National 10 Bank Notes.Rippley, page 108. The NPL began in North Dakota, spread its influence into Minnesota, and had the subversive purpose of getting better wheat prices from the Minneapolis grain mer- chants and millers. Its members formed another ethnic named state bank, the Scandinavian Bank of Fargo, North Dakota. References: Hickman, John, and Oakes, Dean. Standard Catalogue of National Bank Notes. Krause Publications (1990). Rippley, Lavern. "German-American Banking in Minnesota," A Heritage Fulfilled: German Americans. Concordia College (1984). Willius family papers, Minnesota Historical Society archives. Footnotes: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 199 SPMC Annual Awards SPMC Annual Awards will be presented next month at the general membership meeting held during the Memphis International Paper Money Show. Honorees are selected by the SPMC Awards Committee. These awards include: 1. Nathan Gold Memorial Award. Presented to a person who has made a concrete contribution toward the advancement of paper money collect- ing. 2. Award of Merit. For persons who, during the previous year, rendered significant contributions to the Society which bring credit to the organiza- tion. 3. Literary Awards. 1st, 2nd and 3rd place cash prizes awarded to SPMC members for articles published in Paper Money during the previous cal- endar year. 4. The Dr. Glenn Jackson Memorial Award is open to any author in any numismatic publication for an outstanding article about bank note essais, proofs, specimens and the engravers who created them. 5. The Julian Blanchard Memorial Exhibit Award honors the outstanding exhibit of bank note essais, proofs and specimens at Memphis. 6. 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Please visit our Website for our entire inventory www.fstctycurr.com "The Most Extensive Small Size Listing On The Web" Robert Azpiazu First City Currency PO Drawer 1629 St. Augustine, FL 32085 $ $ 11-goh,-7,77" $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ••• • California Census•••••• • Why use information in a "Guide" that is 5+ years old? • California is one of the HOTTEST Nationals Markets. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Over 12,225 Notes and Counting! A MUST for EVERY COLLECTOR, DEALER & AUCTION HOUSE! YOU need this information. Dealers and Auction Houses use it to get better prices, shouldn't you? Carson Valley Currency & Coins, Inc. PO Box 8140, Gardnerville, NV 89460 775.265.5053 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY200 The PRESIDENT' Column By FRANK CLARK THIS IS MY LAST "PRESIDENT'S COLUMN," and Iwant to thank the membership and the Board of Governors for entrusting me with this position for the last four years. I hope that I have served everyone well. I believe that the Society has improved due to the actions of the Board and the membership. Highlights include, the many regional meet- ings we have had, the publication of a separate Paper Money Index through the 1999 issues made available to the member- ship in both printed and electronic (searchable) format, rejuve- nation of the SPMC library, activity of the Wismer Book Project (see opposite), the resurrection of the 1920 Nationals Project, the establishment of the George W. Wait Memorial Prize for paper money research, instituting of cash awards for the best articles in Paper Money presented annually, the addi tion of a "Research Exchange" to our journal, the adoption of a confidentiality policy to protect membership information, the awarding of monetary grants for research at the National Numismatic Collection in the Smithsonian Institution, our publication of a gigantic 40th anniversary issue with the recol- lections of many old time members, the inauguration of Paper Money special topical issues, plus many additional pages in every issue of Paper Money that members receive, and an increase of advertisers supporting our magazine. The cost of SPMC membership is a real bargain, so please ask a friend to join. Despite all of the improvements in SPMC, we still need to increase our membership. A larger member base will mean more improvements and services for all. So every member benefits when your friend joins us -- not just him or her. Our Board is always open to new ideas. Many times, improvements are easy to implement once they are brought to the Board's attention by the membership. Cash awards for Paper Money articles, just as one example, was a good sugges- tion that came from a regular member. Notice, I didn't say ordinary member. Every member is unique. The Fractional Currency special issue we had recently was another member suggestion. You don't need a suggestion box to provide your input. A "Letter to the Editor" or a note or phone call to one of the Board members will do. The Smithsonian research grants were a member-idea. So what would you like to see? That's why we publish the names and addresses of the Board members, so they are easy for you to contact. So, if you have an idea please inform a member of the board. Although I am stepping down as your President, I will continue to serve on the Board as Past President, so let me or another Board mem- ber hear your ideas. We are here to serve you, and want to hear from the membership. The accompanying photo for this column comes from the era when my numismatic curiosity began. It has been a long journey and I have enjoyed it very much. Thank you all for being a part of it. Frank PAPER MONEY will accept classified advertising on a basis of 15c per word (minimum charge of $3.75). Ad must be non-commercial in nature. Word count: Name and address count as five words. All other words and abbreviations, figure combinations and initials count as separate words. No check copies. 10% discount for four or more insertions of the same copy. Authors are also offered a free three-line classified ad in recognition of their contribution to the Society. These ads are denoted by (A) and are run on a space available basis. RAIL-RELATED NOTES - U.S. dr FOREIGN. There must be other collectors of these out there! Working on an almost complete listing of all such notes and would like to compare notes with other serious collectors of rail-related notes. Wm. R. Harmon, e-mail: billharmon@esperanto.net (225) WANTED. Civil War scrip of EDWARD D. EACHO, Richmond, Virginia. Please contact Ken Latimer, 1385 Belmont Rd., Athens, GA 30605, e-mail latimer@vet.uga.edu (225) BANK HISTORIES WANTED. Collector seeking published histo- ries of banks which issued Obsoletes and/or Nationals. Also seeking county/state/regional banking histories. Bob Cochran, PO Box 1085, Florissant, MO 63031 e -mail: spmclin69@cs.com (228) LINCOLN NATIONAL BANK. Collector desires notes, photos, postcards, checks, memorabilia, metal coin banks, banking histories, publications, or what have you? from Lincoln National Banks or Lincoln State Banks or insurance companies, or other corporations named for Abraham Lincoln for use in forthcoming book. Please contact Fred Reed at P.O. Box 118162, Carrollton, TX 75051-8162 or freed3@airmail.net for immediate purchase (228) NEVADA NATIONAL BANK NOTES WANTED. Any bank, denomination, we buy it all! Better California's also wanted and pay- ing "stupid" money for the note. Arri Jacob, P.O. Box 1649, Minden, NV 89423-1649 (228) HELP ME TURN UP THESE NOTES. NB of Commerce of Dallas #3985 ($5, $10 T2), and North Texas NB in Dallas #12736 ($10, $20 T1). Frank Clark, POB 117060, Carrollton, TX 75011- 7060 (228) WANTED. Anything related to Ohio banks or banking prior to the end of the Civil War including bank notes, scrip, documents, checks, drafts, stock certificates, correspondence and the like. Collector prices paid for material that I need. Please write first, including a photocopy of the items being offered and your desired price. You may also use e-mail and JPEG scans if that's easier. Wendell Wolka, PO Box 1211, Greenwood, Indiana 46142 (228) WANTED. Fractional Currency Errors / Manuscript Notes; encased postage currency cases; South Carolina railroad paper items. Benny Bolin smcbb@sbcglobal.net (228) WANTED KANSAS. Obsoletes -- Checks -- Drafts. S. Whitfield, 879 Stillwater CT, Weston, EL 33327 (234) SOUTH BEND, INDIANA. Obsolete paper money from South Bend or St. Joseph County wanted. Bob Schreiner, POB 2331 Chapel Hill, NC 27515 -2331; email: reschreiner@mindspring.com (228) ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE COMPTROLLER of the Currency wanted from 1863 to 1935. Ron Horstman, 5010 Timber Lane, Gerald, MO 63037 (A) WANTED -- obsolete paper money from New York and college scrip. John Glynn, 41 St. Agnells Lane, Hemel Hempstead, Herts HP2 7AX, England (A) 20th CENTURY U.S., articles relating to modern small size U.S. cur- rency are especially needed for publication in Paper Money. If you col- lect this material, try your hand at authoring an article too! (PM) PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 201 r 1Official Announcement The revised Mississippi Obsolete Currency book, by Guy Kraus, is finished and ready for submission to the publish- er. This is a major revision of existing references and comprises more than 350 pages, including illustrations. In order to determine how many copies SPMC should have printed, all interested collectors are requested to write or e- mail Steve Whitfield at whitfield_steve@msn.com or 879 Stillwater CT, Weston, FL 33327 and declare their commit- ment to purchase the book. The price is unknown at present, being dependent on the number of copies to be print- ed, but is expected to be somewhere around $40. Commitments need to be made by May 15, 2003. We will only , produce the number of copies that are pre-ordered. We hope to have the book ready by the Memphis Show in June. , .1 Coming to a mailbox near you SPMC's First Ever U.S. Obsolete Notes Special Issue One of the most widely collected areas for SPMC members is U.S. obsolete currency and the historic heritage of the Society's Wismer Project (see above) is a great testament to these diverse uncurrent notes WANTED: Your outstanding research & L advertising support (see schedule below) for this issue I Announcing Paper Money's Upcoming Publishing Program September/October 3rd International Currency Issue January/February, 2004 1st U.S. Obsolete Currency Issue May/June, 2004 3rd National Bank Note Issue SPMC's special 80-page issues of its award-winning journal Paper Money have become the "hot ticket" in the hobby Reserve your advertising space now Full Page rate $300 Quarter Page rate $100 Half Page rate $175 Contact Editor NOW Deadlines are July 15th (International Ads) Nov. 15th (U.S. obsoletes) respectivel y L —I r 1 r 1 202 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY rWANT ADS WORK FOR YOU R SPMC Founding Fathers were a smart breed. They knew Collector-to-Collector Want ads work. That's why they created "Money Mart" so they could place THEIR WANT LISTS before the rest of the members of our Society Up to 20 words plus your address in SIX BIG ISSUES only $20.50/year!!!! * * Additional charges apply for longer ads; see rates on page opposite -- Send payment with ad SPMC's Founding Fathers built some great paper money collections that way Now YOU be a smart guy/gal too. Put out your want list in "Money Mart" and see what great notes become part of your collecting future, too. (Please Print) L ONLY $20.50 YEAR ! ! (wow) Comprehensive Paper Money Index By George Tremmel Now For Sale Includes complete listing to all issues of the SPMC journal Paper Money 1962-1999 • 130-page Hard Copy only $12 • • Hard Copy & Floppy Disk only $13 • (searchable) Make checks payable to SPMC Mail to: Robert Schreiner POB 2331 Chapel Hill, NC 27515-2331 L I Announcing Paper Money's Upcoming Specialty Publishing Program September/October 3rd International Currency Special Issue January/February 1st U.S. Obsolete Currency Special Issue May/June 2004 3nd U.S. National Bank Note Special Issue Reserve your advertising space now_ Full Page rate $300 Half Page rate $175 Quarter Page rate $100 Contact Editor NOW Deadlines are July 15th (International Ads) & Nov. 15th (Obsolete Notes) respectively PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 203 Contributions to Wismer & Wait Funds Rise EACH YEAR AT DUES TIME, BOTH ANNUAL dues-paying members and Life Members are given a special opportunity to make tax-deductible gifts to two special SPMC publications funds: The D.C. Wismer Memorial Fund and the George W. Wait Memorial Fund. The Wismer Fund donations help defray expenses associated with the publication of the Society's series of excellent reference books on U.S. obsolete notes and scrip. It is named after the leading early cataloger of these notes, David Cassel Wismer, whose daughter C. Elizabeth Osmun was an early benefactrix of SPMC. The Wait Fund donations form a prize money pool to assist authors directly in the research leading to the publication of book length manuscripts on a paper money, banking, engraving or related topic. The fund is named for a former SPMC President/Secretary who was instrumental in launching the Society's successful pub- lishing endeavors. SPMC is a non-profit organization, recognized as a 501C(3) historical and educational society incorporated in Washington, D.C. for tax purposes. We are happy to report that donations are up and donors are writing larger checks in support of these important SPMC projects. Last year members gener- ously contributed more than a thousand dollars to the two funds. Receipts designated for the Wismer Fund totalled $531.79, and donations for the Wait Fund came to $514.50. The average gift from the 57 donors was $18.35. Donations in the current year have already exceeded that amount topping $1,300 for these two very worth- while projects. Funds thus far designated for the Wismer Fund are $696, and for the Wait Fund, $613. Average gifts for these group of 52 generous individuals is $25.17. In addition to cash donations, in kind (i.e. donations other than monetary) may also be given to the Society. These include new and/or rare books for the library, services, or other valuable merchandise from which SPMC as a whole may benefit. Recently a non-member contributed a portion of one of his specialized collec- tions to be used to benefit the Society. His donation of souvenir cards was quite substantial. The SPMC Board has under advisement how best to utilize that gift. Members who would like to add their support for Society projects are encouraged to do so. Of course donations may be made at any time of the year, but they are officially encouraged in the fall when renewing of annual dues coincides with the end of most individuals and many corporations taxable year. So if you don't pull out your check book today and drop a few bucks on the collection plate now, remember these very important SPMC ongoing projects in the fall when the dues/donation envelope falls out of your September/October issue of Paper Money. Although recent donors have been recognized in SPMC Board minutes and correspondence, they were last recognized in these pages two years ago. Following are donations received since last publication of that information. SPMC thanks and congratulates all these donors for their generosity to the Society, its projects, and the entire memberbership. 2001 -2002 SPMC Donors $30-$50 Robert Neal, James Welch, James Feely, Don Yeager, Celeste DeZan, Gary Anderson, Forrest Daniel $20-$30 Larry Judah, Roland Rivet, Charles Koehler, Gerald Sutphin, Ronald Gustafson, New York Metropolitan Numismatic Convention, Joseph Ridder, Bruce Kinner, David Bossert, Clifford Dietrich, Larry Jenkins, Cecil Brighton, Russell Pike, Greg Super, Jeff Tyler, Barbara Nyekkerm, James Carlson Additional Donors Bruce Spence, Paul Andrews, John Vertrees, Keith Bauman, Thomas Rockwell, D. R. Sullivan, Robert Bauman, Richard Goodman, Frederick Angus, David Bailer, J. Philip Elam, Glenn Fishe, Dustinn Gibson, A. Edward Hatoff, Dean Davis, Donald Skinner, John Glynn, Carmen Valentino, Carmen Beck, Dan Greydanus, Dan Wither, Alvin Macomber, Alvin Reilly, Michael Abramson, Eugene Hiser, Anthony Nicolazzo, Nelson Page Aspen, Michael Haritonov, Mark Campbell, John Schwartz, Harton Semple, Jules Berg 2002 -2003 SPMC Donors $100 or more Joseph Demeo J. Roy Pennell Frank Bennett $50 to $100 Ron Yeager David Bossert $30 to $50 Forrest Daniel, Efrain Archilla-Deiz, Bruce Keener, John Ferm, Quintin Hartt, David Hayes, Randy Haynie Higgins Foundation, Dana Linett, Steven Malast, Arthur Morowitz, Eric Newman, Leon Silverman, $20 to $30 F. Carl Braun, Howard Cohen, Bertram Cohen, Donald Farr, Lee Lofthus, Joseph Ridder, Bernard Wilde, John Ameen, Cliff Dietrich, G.B. Eddy, Donald Gilletti, Ronald Hamm, John Hanik, Larry Jenkins, Russell Pike, Roland Rivet, H. Semple, Bruce Spence, Gregg Super Gerald Sutphin, Jeff Tyler, John Vertrees, Randy Vogel, Additional Donors James Welch, David Bialer, Cecil Brighton, John Glynn, Allen Munro, Peter Papadeas, Glenn Fishe, Harold Thomas, Howard Schein, Michael Tucker, Mark Reilly • 204 May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY Newly Discovered $5 National Currency Back Displays View of U.S. Capitol Building IT WAS SORT OF A LEFTover item, an odd size blue box, the kind of thing that falls in the "miscellaneous" catego- ry. The box was essentially buried within the huge acces- sion of certified proofs turned over to the National Numismatic Collections by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing decades ago. Jim Hughes prodded: "You better look at it." When we opened the box, we found that it wasn't filled with proofs, but rather models of adopted and unadopted currency designs. I was ecstatic! Out came this breath- taking unadopted $5 National Currency back! It came $ 1 THE PAPER COLUMN by Peter Huntoon with no date and no explanatory material -- just like everything else in the box. The $5 back has the look of a Series of 1902 vintage National Bank Note. The language in the lower margin is the same as found on both National Bank Notes and Federal Reserve Bank Notes. It is entirely possible that it is a rejected design for the Series of 1902 dating from when the series was con- ceived. It may also have been a new design considered in the 1920s as officials in the Comptroller of the Currency office and Bureau of Engraving and Printing were contemplating passage of another National Bank extension act. An act was needed in 1922 to allow National Banks to extend their corporate existences for a fourth 20 years. Both the 1882 and 1902 extension acts required new currency designs, so the call for new designs had to have been on their minds. It is equally possible that the back was considered for the 1915 and 1918 Federal Reserve Bank Notes. It differs from all the lower denominations of that series by not hav- ing rectilinear borders. However, its central vignette is consistent with the centered vignettes on the Sls and $2s. The vignette of the Capitol building is the same as used on the then current $2 Legal Tender Notes save for details in the foreground. The model looks a bit more modern than the $2 Legal Tenders because the horse drawn car- riages have been removed and shrubs have been added. Notice the unissued Rosecrans-Jordan treasury signatures on the $2 Series of 1880 specimen. Acknowledgement Gene Hessler pointed out to me that the vignette on the model was the same as on the $2 Legal Tender notes. Photos courtesy of the Smithsonian Institution.: VISIT MY WEB PAGE AT WWW.KYZIVATCURRENCY.COM FOR A GOOD SELECTION OF NOTES CONSERVATIVELY GRADED AND REASONABLY PRICED FOR THE COLLECTOR NATIONAL BANK NOTES LARGE SIZE TYPE SMALL SIZE TYPE STAR NOTES WEBS MISCELLANEOUS?? TIM KYZIVAT (708) 784-0974 PCDA, SPMC SWUM, VS.t 71 â11A %ION, Ei7.111S, e..§:.7pdsois-A SOVEREIGNTM MYLAR SLEEVES & ENVELOPES Rio Sovereign Currency Storage - Just one of the categories in the Archivalware Catalog. 40 full color pages of Archival Collectibles archly:41%Am tools for serious mtlectors Request your free Catalog Tel: 1.800.628.1912 Fax: 1.800.532.9281 E-mail: info@universityproducts.corn • - - Storage and Exhibition products. Send for your free copy & receive sam- ples of our 4 mil Mylar Currency Envelopes. PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 205 United States Paper Money --special selections for discriminating collectors-- Buying and Selling the finest in U.S. paper money Individual Rarities: Large, Small National Serial Number One Notes Large Size Type Error Notes Small Size Type National Currency Star or Replacement Notes Specimens, Proofs, Experimentals Frederick J. Bart Bart, Inc. (586) 979-3400 PO Box 2 • Roseville, MI 48066 E-mail: BartIncCor@aol.com Website: errornotes.com BUYING & SELLING U.S. & COLONIAL CURRENCY • Continental & Colonial Currency • Fractional Currency • Confederate Currency • Large Size Type Notes • Small Size Type Notes FREE comprehensive currency price list available upon request. Your WANT LIST will receive my personal attention. Professional APPRAISALS performed with discretion and expedience AUCTION REPRESENTATION services provided at competitive rates I attend most major currency auctions and treat all of my cus- tomers with ardent professionalism. JAMES PODS 4501 Connecticut Avenue N.W. Suite 306 Washington, DC 20008 (202) 363-6650 Jpolis7935@aol.com Member: PCDA, SPMC, FCCB, ANA SPMC Librarian's Notes By Bob Schreiner, Librarian MUCH INTERESTING DATA ABOUT PAPERmoney appears in periodicals. Some may find more enduring record later in a reference book, but much prob- ably remains known only within the original publication. Some periodicals, such a Paper Money, have a wide audi- ence, ensuring a degree of preservation and accessibility of the information. Other publications are less known and have limited distribution, but make important contribu- tions to our knowledge about paper money. One such publication is the North Carolina Numismatic Scrapbook, written and published by Jerry Roughton and Paul Homer, life-long Tar Heels. Jerry and Paul have a long history of research into North Carolina numismatics. They began their publication, now finishing its first vol- ume, to provide an outlet for and ensure preservation of some of the many threads of their investigations. The cur- rent issue, number 5, is 16 pages, 8 1/2 by 11 inches, heav- ily illustrated, and visually attractive (the chief designer, Terry, is an art teacher). Most of the articles in the series have been about paper money. The current issue focuses on North Carolina's Civil War currency, and the main article reviews in detail the legislation enabling the issues and the authorized amounts. Their sources are the legisla- tion itself and other primary sources residing in the NC Office of Archives and History and a few other reposito- ries. They identify and correct numerous factual errors in the accepted book references, such as those by Bradbeer, Criswell, and Slabaugh. Their research now also rectifies a perhaps more sig- nificant misidentification about this series. Two contem- poraneously living people are depicted on North Carolina's state issues. One is Civil War governor Zebulon Vance. The other has long been identified as Civil War treasurer D. W. Courts (this portrait is on the $5 "Wilmington Water Front" and the $10 "State Capitol" notes). But their research finds compelling evi- dence that this is really a portrait of Jonathan Worth, a later treasurer and the post-war governor. Among the evi- dence they cite and illustrate is an oil painting of Worth donated by his family to the University of North Carolina in the latter part of the nineteenth century. The painting is so close to the note's image that it could have been a model for the engraving. Our Library isn't currently collecting periodicals, other than Paper Money, and those don't circulate (but you can order copies of articles-see this column, last issue). Adding more periodicals is something to think about. Meanwhile, you can subscribe to the North Carolina Numismatic Scrapbook for $15 per year. For more informa- tion, write to NCNS, POB 793, Kenansville, NC 28349, or email daedalus.l@juno.com (send NO attachments!).: May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY S The Future of SPMC SPMC 6000 PMC DIRECTORS ARE FORMULATING A MAJOR emphasis called SPMC 6000. It is based on the theory that the paper money collecting hobby is growing but SPMC is not. We know there are at least 6,000 active paper money collectors, who spend at least $35 per year collecting and reading about their hobby and are beyond that prime targets to enjoy the infor- mation and entertainment we can provide them. • SPMC 6000 is a program to "grow" the membership numbers which have been stagnant for a decade. • SPMC 6000 is a program to identify other services this Society can provide to our membership. • SPMC 6000 is an initiative to improve paper money col- lecting in various ways, like the grants we have initiated in recent years, the frequent honors we have been bestow- ing, the improvements to our journal, the forums we have been sponsoring, the revitalization of our library, etc. • SPMC 6000 is a partnership with other hobby elements, i.e. dealer community, collector organizations, the press Various aspects of this grand proposal will be unrolled in the coming months, but first let's take stock. Since 1985 SPMC membership has hovered in the 1600- 2000 range, while our hobby has soared in popularity. Beyond the mere numbers -- which look bad enough -- I sense a reluc- tance on the part of the new/or/young among us to get involved. We announce open board positions -- no one -- or practi- cally no one files. Many of our able Board Members have shoul- dered that load now for decades. I can assure you these elections are open. Get your self known. Stand for something important. Appeal to a cross section of your fellow collectors. You'll get elected and get the opportunity to serve the hobby and help bring your good, new ideas to light. We ask -- no plead -- for volunteers. The President has done so for a wide variety of projects in recent months, to no avail. We limped along with no one coming forward to fill the ad manager vacancy for a year before old work horse Wendell Wolka accepted the Editor's personal plea. This is the truth. The leadership of SPMC is "old," myself included. Don't get me wrong. We're not geriatric. We can think. We can move. We have loads of experience in the hobby and in the Society that we would willingly share with younger people interested in the future of our organization and pastime. But let's face it. Several board members are primary care givers for parents, and many others are of the age that life deforming occurrences are looming, whether soon or eventual. Each board member is being tasked to identify, inform, and initiate younger and newer members, who by virtue of their interests, their enthusiasm, their qualifications would make ideal future leaders of SPMC. If SPMC 6000 is to succeed we must not only have knew blood at the bottom; we must have newer blood, ideas, energy, and hard work at the top, too. 206 NATIONALS — LARGE AND SMALL UNCUT SHEETS TYPE NOTES UNUSUAL SERIAL NUMBERS OBSOLETES ERRORS PROOF FEDERAL NOTES HARRY E. JONES PO Box 30369 Cleveland, Ohio 44130 1-440-234-3330 GIB imam M KMBE ItA NA HARRY IS BUYING ` 4. • PI:31A:17 1 / 1/if;f7Y)T77/ sidtt I COLLECT MINNESOTA OBSOLETE CURRENCY and NATIONAL BANK NOTES Please offer what you have for sale. Charles C. Parrish P.O. Box 481 Rosemount, Minnesota 55068 (651) 423-1039 SPMC LM 114—PCDA—LM ANA Since 1976 PAPER MONEY • May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 NEW YORK STATE SCRIP AND PRIVATE ISSUES 1,300 listings, 800 photos $38.95 (plus sales tax if applicable) Gordon L. Harris 5818 S. Terry Rd. Syracuse, NY 13219 AD INDEX AMERICAN SOCIETY CHECK COLLECTORS 197 AZPIAZU, ROBERT 199 BART, FREDERICK J. 134 BART, FREDERICK J. 205 BENICE, RON 139 BOMBARA, CARL 197 BOWERS & MERENA GALLERIES IBC BOWERS, Q. DAVID 185 BOWERS, Q. DAVID 195 BUCKMAN, N.B. 195 CARSON VALLEY CURRENCY & COINS 199 COHEN, BERTRAM 193 COLLECTIBLES INSURANCE AGENCY 193 CURRENCY AUCTIONS OF AMERICA 145 CURRENCY AUCTIONS OF AMERICA OBC DENLY'S OF BOSTON 139 EARLY AMERICAN NUMISMATICS 151 FRICKE. PIERRE 143 HARRIS, GORDON 207 HOLLANDER, DAVID 149 HOOBER, RICHARD T. 197 HORWEDEL, LOWELL C. 179 HORWEDEL, LOWELL C. 195 HUNTOON, PETER 149 JONES, HARRY 207 KAGIN, A.M. 191 KAGIN'S 197 KELLY, DON C 175 KNIGHT, LYN 187 KYZIVAT, TIM 141 KYZIVAT, TIM 205 LITT, WILLIAM 143 LITT, WILLIAM 183 LITTLETON COIN CO. 208 NAPLES BANK NOTE COMPANY 141 NUMISMANIA RARE COINS 135 PARRISH, CHARLES C. 207 PERAKIS, ALEX 143 POLLS, JAMES 205 POMEX, STEVE 197 ROB'S COINS & CURRENCY 195 RUBENSTEIN, J&F 149 SHULL, HUGH 130 SLUSZKIEWICZ, TOM 197 SMYTHE, R.M. IFC STACK'S. 189 UNIVERSITY PRODUCTS 205 WILLIAMS, CRUTCH 171 YOUNGERMAN, WILLIAM, INC. 151 PROFESSIONAL CURRENCY DEALERS ASSN. 147 207 (loft to right) Josh Criswell, Jim Reardon, Butch Caswell and Ken Westover Littleton's experienced team of buyers. *ES !•collection or holdings.I'm interested in selling paper money to Littleton. Please contact me regarding my May/June 2003 • Whole No. 225 • PAPER MONEY208 Last Year Alone... Littleton Spent More Than $14 Million on U.S. Coins & Paper Money! We can afford to pay highly competitive buy prices because we retail all the notes we buy. David Sundman, President ANA Life Member #4463; PNG #510; Society of Paper Money Collectors LM#16,3; Member, Professional Currency Dealers Association Over 150,000+ Littleton Customers Want Your Notes! Wide Range of U.S. Notes Wanted! • Single notes to entire collections • Early large-size notes to high denomination small-size notes • All types including Legal Tender Notes, Silver & Gold Certificates and more • Very Good to Gem Why You Should Consider Selling to Littleton • We buy for our retail customers — so we can pay more • Fair appraisals and offers • Fast confirmation and settlement • We pay finder's fees and make joint arrangements • Over 56 years experience buying and selling coins and paper money Contact us: Buyer Phone: (603) 444-1020 Toll Free: (800) 581-2646 Fax: (603) 444-3501 or Toll-Free Fax: (877) 850-3540 Facts D97 CoinNet NHO7 coinbuy@littletoncoin.com Dun & Bradstreet #01-892-9653 Fill out this coupon and Fax Toll Free to (877) 850-3540, or Mail to: Littleton Coin Company Dept. BYA302 1309 Mt. Eustis Road Littleton, N.H. 03561-3735 L coinbuyOlittletoncoin.com Name Address City/State/Zip Daytime Phone Best time to call B A O. 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Buy Online, Bid Online,rooklirrs www.bowersandmerena.com BOWERS AND M ERENA GALLERIES A COLLECTORS UNIVERSE COMPANY—NASDAQ: CLCT PM0901 A Box 1224 • Wolfeboro, NH 03894 • 800-458-4646 • In NH 569-5095 • FAX 603-569-5319 www.bowersandmerena.com • e-mail: auction@bowersandmerena.com FUN, ORLANDO JANUARY 2002 $3,037,025 ROSEMONT MAY 2002 $3,582,057 CURRENCYONS OF AMERICA -HERITAGE AUCTI 1/11 Nt ,,V:'c-17055 M lV CINCINNATI SEPTEMBER 2002 $1,759,762 '••• I I I CSNS, `-' 1 ' LOUIS MAY 2003 I CALL TO MAKE HISTORY wiTH CAA-HERITAGE FUN, ORLANDO JANUARY 2003 $3,922,498 I I I I I ASIO5?'.1- ‘000_12..2 CURRENCY AUCTIONS OF AMERICA - HERITAGE Make our Success Yours at C.S.N.S. I 2003 CAA-HERITAGE Schedule: CSNS - May Cincinnati - September CIAL I .:101 I " / \ ALLEN MINCHO LEN GLAZER KEVIN FOLEY JASON W. BRADFORD 1-800-872-6467 Ext. 327 1-800-872-6467 Ext. 390 1-800-872-6467 Ext. 256 1-800-872-6467 Ext. 280 Allen@HeritageCurrency.com Len@HeritageCurrency.com KFoley@HeritageCurrency.com JBradford@HeritageCurrency.com CAA HERITAGE CURRENCY AUCTIONS OF AMERICA Heritage Plaza, 100 Highland Park Village, 2nd Floor • Dallas, Texas 75205-2788 • 1-800-US COINS (872-6467) • 214-528-3500 • FAX: 214-443-8425 www.HeritageCoin.com • e-mail: Bids@HeritageCoin.com • www.CurrencyAuction.com • e-mail: Notes@CurrencyAuction.com SPMC 02/03