Paper Money - Vol. XVII, No. 6 - Whole No. 78 - November - December 1978

November • December Volume XVII No. 6 Whole No. 78 M. Owen Vi arns tells readers about Nevada $10 the rare Reno0 date back Historical relics of the Florence Bridge Co. of Florence, Georgia by Gary L. Doster e /Ai NAV Gene Hessler at an in of the U.S. Legal Tender Note Pioneer Bankers of the WestThe Reynolds Brothers - by Ben. E. Adams BIMONTHLY PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY OF PAPER MONEY COLLECTORS Kapin's Suite 600-618Capital City Bank BuildingDes Moines, Iowa 50309800-247-5335 v BUYING PRICES 10 to 30% Increased investment purchases and rapidly growing interest in currency have created tremendous demands for top condition and scarce U.S. notes. As the leading dealer in U.S. Currency, we must increase our purchases to meet these demands. To do so, we have INCREASED PRICES FROM 10 to 30%, prices that were already the HIGHEST EVER OFFERED for these notes. We buy complete collections (or duplicates) in all conditions, Good to Unc., and will pay more for scarce and rare signature combinations and scarce National Bank Notes. We particularly need nationals from Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Minnesota, New Jersey, Wisconsin, and western and southern states. CURRENCY BUYING PRICES For Choice and Gem Notes LEGAL TENDER NOTES Buying SILVER CERTIFICATES Buying NATIONAL BANK NOTES Buying Friedberg Donlon Catalog Now Friedberg Donbn Catalog Now Friedberg Donlon Catalog Now Fr.-I6, 17 D-101-1 325.00 375.00 Fr.-249-258 0.202-20-202-31 135.00 175.00 Fr.-639-646 D-C320-201-C320-2812 110.00 120.00 Fr.-18 D-101-4 335.00 385.00 Fr.-259-265 0-205-12-205-15 1200.00 1600.00 Fr.-647-649 D- 350.00 400.00 Fr.-I9-27 0-101-4A-101-7 150.00 185.00 Fr -266, 267 0-206-15A, 205-17 475.00 650.00 Fr.-650-653 D- 110.00 120.00 Fr-28-30 0.101-8-101-10 90.00 200.00 Fr.-268-270 0.205-17A-205-20 1300.00 1750.00 FEDERAL RESERVE BANK NOTES Fr.-3I-33 D-101-14R-I01-15B 675.00 750.00 Fr.-271-281 D-205-20A-205-31 275.00 400.00 Fr.-708-746 0-401A-28-401L- A 45.00 60.00 Fr.-34, 35 D-101-15R, 101-17 175.00 210.00 Fr.-282 0.205-31A 375.00 450.00 Fr.-747-780 D-402A-28-402L-29A 90.00 175.00 Fr.-36-39 0-101-28-101-31 40.00 50.00 TREASURY NOTES Fr.-181-809 0.4054-28-4051-284 135.00 115.00 Fr.-40 D-101-31A 115.00 135.00 Fr.-347-349 0.701-14-701-15A 650.00 750.00 Fr.-810-821 0.410-8-28-410-H-28 775.00 850.00 Fr.-41, 41A D-10211, 10212 485.00 550.00 Fr.-350-352 0.101-15B-701-19 200.00 250.00 Fr.-822-830 0420E-29-420H-28 900.00 1000.00 Fr.-42 0.102-4 750.00 850.00 Fr.-353-355 D-702-14-702-15A 1000.00 1200.00 FEDERAL RESERVE NOTES Fr.-43-49 0-102-4A-102-8 200.00 235.00 Fr.-356-358 0.702-15B-702-19 400.00 500.00 Fr.-832-843 0-505A-35R-505L-358 145.00 175.00 Fr: 50-52 0-102-8A 135.00 175.00 Fr.-359-361 0.705-14-705-15A 900.00 1100.00 Fr.-844-891 0-505A-35-5051-38 33.50 40.00 Fr-.53-56 D-102-14R-102-11 175.00 185.00 Fr.-362-365 0-705-15B-705-20 500.00 550.00 Fr.-892-903 D-510A-35R-510L-35R 185.00 225.00 Fr.-57-60 0-102-28-102-31 60.00 75.00 Fr.-366-368 0.710-14-710-15A 1100.00 1400.00 Fr.-904-951 0-510A-35-510L-38 510L-38 40.00 50.00 Fr.-6I-63A 0-105-1T1-105-1T4 275.00 375.00 Fr.-369-371 0-710-158-710-19 475.00 575.00 Fr.-952-963 0-520A-35R-5201-35R 250.00 300.00 Fr.-64 0-105-4 275.00 325.00 Fr.-372-374 0-720-14-720-I5A 3250.00 3500.00 Fr.-964-1011 0-520A-35 520L-38 57.50 70.00 Fr.-65-69 0.105-5-105-7 170.00 200.00 Fr.-375 D-720-11 3600.00 3900.00 Fr.-1012-1023 D-550A-35R-35R 425.00 500.00 Fr.-70-72 0-105-8-105-108 150.00 220.00 NATIONAL BANK NOTES Fr.-1024-1071 D-550A-35-550L-38 145.00 175.00 Fr.-73-82 0-105-10R-105-20 140.00 175.00 Fr.-380-386 0-A301-A-A301-8 500.00 500.00 Fr.-1072-1083 0-5004-358-5001-358 550.00 700.00 Fr:83-92 0-105-22-105-32 60.00 75.00 Fr.-387-393 0-4302-A-A302-8 1450.00 1500.00 Fr.-1084-1131 D-500A-35-500L-38 240.00 215.00 Fr.-93-95A 0-110-111 110-114 525.00 650.00 Fr.-394-408 D-A305-I-A305-14 600.00 600.00 GOLD CERTIFICATES Fr.-96 0-110-4 700.00 800.00 Fr.-409-423 0-4310-1-4310-17 850.00 850.00 Fr.-1167-1112 0.610-22-610-28 165.00 225.00 Fr.-97-99 0-110-5-110-7 375.00 500.00 Fr.-424-439 D-A320-1---A320-17 950.00 950.00 Fr.-1173 0.610-31 135.00 150.00 Fr.-100-102 D-110-8-110-10B 250.00 300.00 Fr.-466-478 0-B305-9-B305-22 160.00 185.00 Fr.-1174, 1175 0.620-9, 620-94 2500.00 3250.00 Fr.-103-113 0-110-10R-110-20 250.00 300.00 Fr.-479-492 D-B310-9-B310-22 115.00 185.00 Fr.-1176, 1177 0.620-10, 620-14 2000.00 2300.00 Fr.-114-122 D-110-20A-110-31 350.00 500.00 Fr.-493-506 0-B320-9-B320-22 300.00 300.00 Fr.-1178 0.620-20 650.00 750.00 Fr.-123 B-110-31A 1200.00 1500.00 Fr.-532-538 D-B305-14-B305-24 275.00 300.00 Fr.-1179, 1180 0.620-20A, 620-21 1650.00 2500.00 Fr.-124-126 D-120-111-120-113 900.00 1100.00 Fr.-539-548 0-B310-14-B310-24 325.00 375.00 Fr.-1181-1186 0.620-22-620-28 325.00 400.00 Fr.-127 0-205-31A 2250.00 2500.00 Fr.-549-557 D-B320-14-B320-14 350.00 425.00 Fr.-1187 0-620-31 225.00 231.00 SILVER CERTIFICATES Fr: 573-575 0-B305-17-B305-28 700.00 100.00 Fr.-1188 D-650-9A 3250.00 3750.00 Fr.-215-221 0-201-12-201-15 250.00 325.00 Fr: 576-579 0-B310-17-B310-28 850.00 800.00 Fr.-1190-1192 0-650-10-650-14 2500.00 3000.00 Fr.-222-223 0-201-I5A, 201-17 225.00 300.00 Fr.-580-585 0-B320-17-8320-28 1000.00 1100.00 Fr.-1193-1197 0-650-20-650-24 800.00 1000.00 Fr.-224, 225 D-201-17A-201-19 300.00 400.00 Fr.-587-594 0-C305-2012-C305-2812 80.00 100.00 Fr.-1198, 1199 0.650-27-650-28 500.00 600.00 Fr.-226-236 0.201-20-201-31 42.50 60.00 Fr.-595-597 0-0305-2013-C305-2213 200.00 225.00 Fr.-1200 0-650-31 450.00 500.00 Fr.-237-239 D-201-31A-201-33 37.50 33.00 Fr.-598-612 D-C305-2012-C305-2812 70.00 90.00 Fr.-1201 0.600-94 2750.00 3250.00 Fr.-240-244 202-12-202-14 32.50 450.00 Fr.-613-620 0-C310-2012-0310-2812 95.00 100.00 Fr.-1203-1205 0-600-10-600-14 2500.00 3000.00 Fr.-245, 246 0.202-15, 202-17 675.00 800.00 Fr.621-623 0- 250.00 300.00 Fr.-1206-1214 0-600-20-600-28 950.00 1100.00 Fr.-247, 248 0-202-17A, 202-19 800.00 1100.00 Fr.-624-638 0- 80.00 100.00 Fr.-1215 0-600-29 650.00 750.00 SOCIETY OF PAPER MONEY COLLECTORS INC. PAPER MONEY is published every other month beginning in January by The Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc., Harold Hauser, P.O. Box 150, Glen Ridge, NJ 07028. Second class postage paid at Glen Ridge, NJ 07028 and at additional entry office, Federalsburg, MD 21632. ©Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc., 1978. All rights reserved. Reproduction of any article, in whole or in part, without express written permission, is prohibited. Annual membership dues in SPMC are $10. Individual copies of current issues, $1.75. ADVERTISING RATES SPACE Outside Contract Rates 1 TIME 3 TIMES 6 TIMES Back Cover $48.00 $130.00 $245.00 Inside Front & Back Cover 45.00 121.00 230.00 Full page 39.00 105.00 199.00 Half-page 24.00 65.00 123.00 Quarter-page 15.00 40.00 77.00 Eighth-page 10.00 26.00 49.00 25% surcharge for 6 pt. composition; engravings & artwork at cost + 5%; copy should be typed ; $2 per printed page typing fee. Advertising copy deadlines: The first of the month preceding month of issue (e.g. Feb. 1 for March issue). Reserve space in advance if possible. PAPER MONEY does not guarantee advertisements but accepts copy in good faith, reserving the right to reject objectionable material or edit any copy. Advertising copy shall be restricted to paper currency and allied numismatic material and publications and accessories related hereto. All advertising copy and correspondence should be addressed to the Editor. Official Bimonthly Publication of The Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc. VOL. XVII — NO. 6 Whole No. 78 Nov./Dec. 1978 BARBARA R. MUELLER, Editor 225 S. Fischer Ave. Jefferson, WI 53549 414-674-5239 Manuscripts and publications for review should be addressed to the Editor. Opinions expressed by the authors are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of SPMC or its staff. PAPER MONEY reserves the right to edit or reject any copy. Deadline for editorial copy is the 1st of the month preceding the month of publication (e.g., Feb. 1 for March issue, etc.) SOCIETY BUSINESS & MAGAZINE CIRCULATION Correspondence pertaining to the business affairs of SPMC, including membership, changes of address, and receipt of magazines, should be addressed to the Secretary at P.O. Box 4082, Harrisburg, PA 1 711 1. IN THIS ISSUE U.S. & 3 LEGAL TENDER NOTE Gene Hessler 301 RARE $100 NEVADA DATE BACK M. Owen Warns 308 CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES Jerry Remick 312 BANKNOTES PRINTED BY RICHARD G. AND CHARLES P. HARRISON William J. Harrison 315 RAYNOLDS BROTHERS: PIONEER BANKERS OF THE WEST. Ben E. Adams 317 FROG NOTES OF WINDHAM CONNECTICUT Charles E. Straub 323 TRIAL LISTING OF MISSOURI OBSOLETE NOTES AND SCRIP (Part Four) Bruce W. Smith 326 THE UNKNOWN FACTOR Leonard H. Finn 331 THE FLORENCE BRIDGE CO. OF GEORGIA Gary L. Doster 332 REGULAR FEATURES INTEREST BEARING NOTES 311 COPE REPORT 334 SECRETARY'S REPORT 335 MONEY MART 338 Whole No. 78 Page 299 The Society of Paper Morley Collectors, Inc. K P.O. Box 150, Glen Ridge, N.J. 07028 Page 300 Paper Money Society of Paper Money Collectors OFFICERS PRESIDENT Robert E. Medlar, 220 Alamo Plaza, San Antonio, TX 78205 VICE PRESIDENT Eric P. Newman, 6450 Cecil Ave., St. Louis, MO 63105 SECRETARY Harry Wigington, P.O. Box 4082, Harrisburg, PA 17111 TREASURER C. John Ferreri, P.O. Box 33, Storrs, CT 06268 APPOINTEES EDITOR Barbara R. Mueller, 225 S. Fischer Ave., Jefferson, WI 53549. LIBRARIAN Wendell Wolka, 7425 South Woodward Ave., Apt. 214, Woodridge, IL 60515 PUBLICITY CHAIRMAN Larry Adams, 969 Park Circle, Boone, IA 50036 BOARD OF GOVERNORS Larry Adams, Thomas C. Bain, Charles Colver, Michael Crabb, Jr., Richard Jones, Charles O'Donnell, Jr., Roy Pennell, Jr., George W. Wait, M. Owen Warns, J. Thomas Wills, Jr., Wendell Wolka. The Society of Paper Money Collectors was organized in 1961 and incorporated in 1964 as a non- profit organization under the laws of the District of Columbia. It is affiliated with the American Numismatic Association and holds its annual meeting at the ANA Convention in August of each year. MEMBERSHIP—REGULAR. Applicants must be at least 18 years of age and of good moral charter. JUNIOR. Applicants must be from 12 to 18 years of age and of good moral character. Their application must be signed by a parent or a guardian. They will be preceded by the letter "j". This letter will be removed upon notification to the secretary that the member has reached 18 years of age. Junior members are not eligible to hold office or to vote. Members of the A.N.A. or other recognized numismatic organizations are eligible for membership. Other applicants should be sponsored by an S.P.M.C. member, or the secretary will sponsor persons if they provide suitable references such as well known numismatic firms with whom they have done business, or bank references, etc. DUES -The Society dues are on a calendar year basis. Dues for the first year are $10. Members who join the Society prior to October 1st receive the magazines already issued in the year in which they join. Members who join after October 1st will have their dues paid through December of the following year. They will also receive, as a bonus, a copy of the magazine issued in November of the year in which they joined. PUBLICATIONS FOR SALE TO MEMBERS We have the following back issues of PAPER MONEY for sale for $1.50 each. For orders of less than 5 copies at one time, please include $0.25 per issue for postage. We have only the issues listed for sale. Vol. 4, 1965, No. 2 (No. 14) lVol. 10, 1971, No. 1 (No. 37) Vol. 4, 1965, No. 3 (No. 15) Vol. 10. 1971, No. 2 (No. 38) Vol. 10, 1971, No 3 (No. 39) Vol. 5, 1966, No 1 (No. 17) Vol. 5, 1966, No. 2 (No. 18) Vol. 5. 1966, No. 3 (No. 19) Vol 11, 1972, No. 1 (No. 41) Vol. 5, 1966, No. 4 (No. 20) Vol 11, 1972, No. 2 (No. 42) Vol 11. 1972, No. 3 (No. 43) Vol 11, 1972, No. 4 (No. 44) Vol. 6, 1967. No. 1 (No. 21) Vol. 6. 1967. No. 2 (No. 22) Vol 12, 1973, No. 1 (No. 45) Vol. 6, 1967, No. 3 (No. 23) Vol 12, 1973, No. 2 (No. 46) Vol. 6, 1967, No. 4 (No. 24) Vol 12, 1973, No. 3 (No. 47) Vol 12. 1973. No. 4 (No. 48) Vol. 7, 1965, No. I (No. 25) Vol 13, 1974. No. 1 (No. 49) Vol. 7, 1968. No, 2 (No. 26) Vol 13, 1974. No. 2 (No. 50) Vol. 7. 1968, No. 3 (No, 27) Vol 13, 1974, No. 3 (No. 51) Vol. 7, 1968. No 4 (No. 28) Vol 13. 1974. No. 4 (No. 52) Vol 13. 1974. No. 5 (No. 53) Vol, 8. 1969, No I (No. 29) Vol 13. 1974, No. 5 (No. 54) Vol. 8. 1969. No 2 (No. 30) Vol. 8. 1969. No. 3 (No, 31) Vol. 14, 1975. No. 1 (No. 55) Vol. 8, 1969. No 4 (No. 32) Vol. 14. 1975. No. 2 (No. 56) Vol. 14. 1975. No. 3 (No. 57) Vol. 14, 1975. No. 4 (No 58) Vol. 9, 1970. No I (Nu. 33) Vol. 14, 1975. No. 5 (No. 59) Vol. 9, 1970, No.? (No. 34) Vol. 14, 1975, No. 5 (No. 60) Vol. 9, 1970, No. 3 (No. 35) Vol.9. 1970, No. 4 (No. 36) Indcx Vol, 1-10 S i o o Library Services The Society maintains a lending library for the use of the members only. For further information, write the Librarian — Wendell Wolka, P.O. Box 366, Hinsdale, Ill. 60521. BOOKS FOR SALE: All cloth bound books are 8'/z x 11" FLORIDA OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Freeman . $6.00 Non-Member $10.00 MINNESOTA OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Rockholt $6.00 Non-Member . . . . $10.00 TEXAS OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Medlar $7.50 Non-Member $12.00 MAINE OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Wait $10.00 Non-Member . . . . $14.50 NATIONAL BANK NOTE ISSUES OF 1929-1935. Warns-Huntoon-Van Belkum $9.75 Non-Member $1230 MISSISSIPPI OBSOLETE PAPPER MONEY & SCRIP, Leggett $6.00 Non-Member $10.00 NEW JERSEY'S MONEY, Wait $15.00 Non-Member $18.50 Write for Quantity Prices on the above books ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS 1. Give complete description for all items ordered. 2. Total the cost of all publications ordered. 3. ALL publications are postpaid except orders for less than 5 copies of Paper Money. 4. Enclose payment (U.S. funds only) with all orders. Make your check or money order payable to: Society of Paper Money Collectors. 6. Remember to include your ZIP CODE. 6. Allow up to six weeks for delivery. We have no control of your package after we place it in the mails. Whole No. 78 Page 301 0000 atttati;!,3',3)^-" wl,,,,,,,orealf EICIVOIM 3 31 ,-.'31.A, 11 r NEW Ions. kqi ,7,143 wtdill 171E1'.1.4 • lr NEW ORli. t431 photographs by William R. Devine & Gene Hessler Page 302 Preceding page: An uncut sheet of $3 legal tender notes. For some reason the Act on the right of the bottom note was etched out on the negative. (Courtesy of the Bureau of Engraving & Printing ) A drawing which accompanied the letter from John M. Batchelder to Secretary of the Treasury Richardson. In 1974, the much-talked-about unissued design for the 1862 $3 Legal Tender Note surfaced. Surprisingly, the design differed from the $1 and $2 Legal Tender Notes which were issued. It had been assumed that the anti- alteration device on the latter denominations would have been used on the $3 design, but it was not. (An interesting letter in the National Archives, dated April 18, 1873, Boston, addressed to Secretary of the Treasury William A. Richardson, suggests the sender, John M. Batchelder, was the designer of the anti-alteration device. Mr. Batchelder writes: "I gave you in Cambridge an example of my design to prevent alteration. I would like to have my design introduced on the new notes [1874 Legal Tender Notes]. It was used on the 30 million issue of `ones' and `twos,' but new designs resembling the enclosed will be better. The named ruling should be course enough to allow each line to end at the circle that surrounds the denominational figure.") Instead of a portrait, there was a timely patriotic vignette entitled Army and Navy adapted from a drawing by an artist named Herrick; the engraving as seen on the note was engraved by Louis Delnoce. Two articles about this $3 Legal Tender Note essai were published in 1974, one by Eric Newman, the other by this author. Neither was aware that the other was simultaneously preparing a similar article, even though the titles (listed in the bibliography) suggest otherwise. Little factual evidence concerning the background for this particular essai was presented by either author for the reason that such information was unknown. During the past two years I have frequented the National Archives in Washington, D.C., searching for the information which would clear up the mystery surrounding this note. The U.S. Treasury was not equipped to produce bank Paper Money notes and would not assume this responsibility in its entirety until 1887 under the name of the National Currency Bureau. Thus, once again private bank note companies were engaged as they had been during the preceding 50 years when circulating Treasury Notes were needed. The nation's two leading bank note companies, the American and National, 2 were called upon independently and cooperatively to produce Demand Notes, Interest-bearing Treasury Notes and Legal Tender Notes. The latter issue was to include a $3 note, which is the design with which we are primarily concerned. Correspondence between the U.S. Treasury and the two companies just mentioned reveals the heretofore missing data pertaining to what is now considered to be a very odd denomination. This correspondence yielded additional information which to many should be extremely exciting, that of an existing second design for the $3 Legal Tender Note by the National Bank Note Company, as well as second designs for the $1 and $2 notes of the same series by the American Bank Note Company. An engraving which accompanied Mr. Batchelder's letter. As the Civil War approached, gold and silver were hoarded, banks in New York and Philadelphia could not redeem their own notes, and specie payments were suspended. Treasury Notes under the Act of December 23, 1857, were issued, ". . . the type which had saved the U.S. Government from ruin during the War of 1812, the Panic of 1837 and other periods of distress." 3 A circulating medium of exchange was needed, and equally important, a method of financing the conflict between North and South was necessary. Both were provided by the Act of July 17, 1861. What follows later often relates to this act; therefore I will quote the pertinent section which is vital to our story: Whole No. 78 The $1 and $2 legal tender notes issued with the anti- alteration device. The $1 note bearing plate A and serial number 1 was presented to S. P. Chase, Secretary of the Treasury. Treasury notes to be of any denomination fixed by the Secretary of the Treasury, not less than fifty dollars, and to be payable three years after date, with interest at the rate of seven and three tenths per centum per annum, payable semi-annually. And the Secretary of the Treasury may also issue in exchange for coins, and as part of the above loan, or may fix for salaries or other dues from the United States, treasury notes of less denomination than fifty dollars, not bearing interest, but payable on demand by the Assistant Treasurers of the United States at Philadelphia, New York or Boston, or treasury notes bearing interest at the rate of three and sixty-five hundredths per centum payable in one year from date, and exchangeable at any time for treasury notes for fifty dollars, and upwards, issuable under the authority of this act, and bearing interest as specified above: Provided, that no exchange of such notes in any less amount than one hundred dollars shall be made at any one time: And provided further, that no treasury notes shall be issued of less denomination than ten dollars, and that the whole amount of treasury notes, not bearing interest, issued under the authority of this act, shall not exceed fifty millions of dollars. (author's italics) The three year Treasury Notes authorized by the preceding act were issued in denominations of from $50 to $5,000. Notes payable on demand were issued in denominations of $5, $10, and $20, all dated August 10, 1861. ' (These Demand Notes with green backs were soon referred to as greenbacks.) Demand Notes were ". . . uttered before the suspension of specie payments and that, as a result, they would be redeemed in coin, even though not so stated on their faces: moreover, the demands were acceptable in payments of taxes and duties. As this decision proved an embarassing drain on Treasury stocks of gold and silver, the notes were retired as quickly as possible ... " 5 As you undoubtedly remember, the Act of February 25, 1862, provided for $150,000,000 in Legal Tender Notes Page 303 "in denominations not less than $5." $60,000,000 of the preceding amount was intended for the redemption of demand notes, Some time prior to February 10, the date Mr. Fitch Shepard, president of the National Bank Note Company, wrote to Secretary of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase, we are able to confirm tha,., it was the American Bank Note Company which was responsible for the designs of the demand notes. After saying models for backs "were sent today," Mr. Shepard continued: We think an arrangement between the American and National Companies will be effected tomorrow, by which they will co-operate to facilitate the Govt. - Business. As the faces by the American Co. already used for the 5, 10 & 20 will be continued [from the demand notes to legal tender notes,] we trust the Secretary will deem it proper to employ the National's backs for the same — which will be ready for the press directly [after] they are adopted by the Department. The several plates to be printed by either company. We have prepared all the important parts for the higher denominations, and will be happy to submit the same in form for examination at the Secretary's pleasure; any one which can be ready for the press on very short notice — and transfers be furnished to the other company. Less than two weeks after this dated correspondence, the following letter was sent to Secretary Chase by the American Bank Note Company. Referring to a telegram sent earlier stating that the two companies had agreed to cooperate, the letter proceeds: "We have prepared ourselves to print with all possible dispatch after the passage of the law, having on our own responsibility prepared plates in anticipation of its passage, as nearly complete as possible before details of the Act are settled. We shall be happy to submit models for approval . . ." The first issue of Legal Tender Notes ($5, $10, $20, $50, and $100) bore the following obligation: "This note is a Legal Tender for all debts public and private except The first obligation as it appears on the back of the $20 legal tender note. (Courtesy of J. Roy Pennell) duties on imports and interest on the public debt, and is exchangeable for U.S. six per cent twenty year bonds, redeemable at the pleasure of the United States after five years." Not enough Demand Notes were redeemed, so a second $150,000,000 in Legal Tender Notes was authorized under the Act of June 11, 1862, $35,000,000 of which was to be "in denominations of less than $5." The lack of specie created this critical need for bills of $1, $2, and the proposed $3 note. In what appears to be a last minute effort to change the appearance of the new $5 Legal Tender Notes from the previously issued Demand notes (which were the same with one exception: the deletion of the words "on Page 304 Paper Money With the exception of the surrounding ornamentation, the second obligation lettering on the $5 legal tender note is identical to the lettering on the $3 note. By referring to Friedberg, Donlon or Hessler one can also see the same lettering on the $10, $20, $500 and $1000 notes, all prepared by the American Bank Note Co. By checking the same sources one can observe the different style of lettering on the $1 and $2 notes which I believe were prepared by the National Bank Note Co. demand"), a new portrait of Alexander Hamilton was suggested by Secretary Chase. A letter from the American Bank Note Company to the Secretary on March 19, 1862, states that the substitution of ". . . the new portrait of Alexander Hamilton for the one now on the Five . . . would cause a delay in the first delivery... " since they were already printing from the plates. Although it is unknown, one would assume the "new portrait" is the one that appeared the following year on the $50 one-year Interest-bearing Note. The obligation for the second emission under the act previously mentioned was changed to read: "This note is Legal Tender for all debts public and private, except duties on imports and interest on the public debt, and is receivable in payment of all loans made to the United States." These notes were no longer exchangeable for 6% bonds as were the first emission notes. $1 and $2 Legal Tender Notes were issued; quotations and condensations from letters which follow show the interesting evolution of the $1, $2, and $3 Legal Tender Notes plus mention of an additional note that was in the planning stage. You will recall the Act of July 17, 1861, authorized ". . . treasury notes bearing interest at the rate of three and sixty-five hundredths per centum payable in one year from date ..." in denominations not less than ten dollars. Section 3 of the subsequent Act of August 5, 1861, authorized " . . . the Secretary of the Treasury to fix the denomination of said notes at not less then five dollars." The recommendations of Secretary Chase were reflected in the two acts just mentioned. There was another recommendation by the Secretary which was not incorporated into the Act of July 17, 1861, his suggestion for a $25 treasury note. 6 The act as passed authorized Treasury Notes in denominations not less than $50. In the March 8, 1862, issue of The Banker's Magazine, Pliny Miles was a bit premature in writing about what he called, "A New Treasury Note." This announcement stated that 100 million 7.30% one-year notes in the denominations of $25, $50, $100, and $500 were to be issued: ". . . these notes will combine two great conveniences, . . . they will serve both as a permanent investment and a circulating medium." The writer went On to say the notes will grow and increase every day they are in one's possession. Mr. Miles continued by saying, "This note, particularly if issued in as small denominations as $25 and $50, will have a peculiar fascination"; a father will say to his children, "Now be economical, save your pocket-money, and I will buy you a Treasury Note." It was also the opinion of Mr. Miles that " . . . some of the first financial minds of the age have pronounced these notes . . . the best mode of investment." The Banker's Magazine article closed with a bit of soft sell reminding the reader the new treasury notes will " .. . constantly augment one's wealth . . . grow in value, even while he is sleeping." Unfortunately for Mr. Miles, the $25 Treasury Note was not issued, neither were the $5, $10, and $20 3 65/100 notes provided for by the Act of July 17, 1861. Before we move too far off course, let us return to the letters which tell us more about the evolution of the $1, $2, and $3 notes in which the 3 65/100 notes played a most important part. The earliest reference I could locate for these 3 65/100 notes was in a letter dated August 15, 1861, from the American Bank Note Company to John J. Cisco, Assistant Treasurer of the United States, confirming the suspension of $30,000,000 of these notes as ordered in a letter of August 7. Ten days later, the American Bank Note Company wrote to Secretary Chase, informing him work had been suspended on the 3 65/100 notes and all time would now be devoted to Demand Notes and 7 3/10 Interest Notes. On August 16, one day after the first of three letters to which reference was just made, President Lincoln proclaimed an end to all commercial relations with inhabitants of the rebel states. It would therefore seem very unlikely that bank notes of any type emanating from Washington would now legally circulate in the South. The alteration of the 3 65/100 notes was first mentioned in a letter of June 27, 1862, in which Mr. Cisco was asked by the Secretary of the Treasury to consult with the American Bank Note Company to ascertain whether the plates for these notes could be altered into Legal Tender Notes of the denominations of one, two, and three, and the expense for such alteration. A reply from the bank note company comments on the four subject plates already prepared: "We will convert these plates into Legal Tender Notes 1. 2. & 3 without any charge for altering them, and would furnish notes from them on Ethel same terms as the 5's 10's & 20's are furnished." These notes could be ready one week after an order was placed. On July 1, Secretary Chase ordered the plates to be altered; however, he reserved the contract for finishing the notes to be considered at some time in the future. On July 2, 1862, anticipating the Congress would authorize the issue of $25,000,000 in denominations of less than $5, Secretary Chase wrote letters to both the major bank note companies. The letter to Tracy Edson, president of the American Bank Note Company, requests him to submit proposals for printing $15,000,000 in $1, $2, and $3 notes, the ratio being 6, 2, and 1 respectively. The Secretary goes on to point out that the proposal may include the furnishing of paper, in conformity with the terms of an advertisement inviting such proposals. it 4 - .0 A,t,...e• 2, .7 I If- ,2 3-:›4 /Ate., , /f2) • • 14' Whole No. 78 What appears to be an estimate was found at the National Archives among other papers from the American Bank Note Co. As can be seen, a $25 note was under serious consideration. The urgency of this reply is reflected in the date. News of the Civil War dominated the pages of the New York Times on July 4, 1862; the holiday was not even mentioned until page 8, the last page. Nevertheless, Mr. Edson like most Americans, must have celebrated Independence Day; notwithstanding, he did take time to compose and send the following letter to Secretary Chase: I have the honor to acknowledge your favor of 2nd Inst requesting proposals for $15,000,000 of l's, 2's & 3's say in proportion of Six 1's Two 2's and one 3, including paper. To produce that sum in those proportions would require 1,730,769 Impressions [of] 1 1 1 1 = $6,923,076 576,924 Impressions [of] 2 2 2 2 = $4,615,392 288,461 Impressions [of] 3 3 3 3 = $3,461,532 1,298,077 sheets [of] Bank note paper would be required for the above, the paper to be of the best quality and all linen, weighing 16 to 18 lbs per 1000 sheets, of same character as that now used for 5's, 10's & 20's. Each of the above impressions would have three printings — face, tint, and back, making 7,788,462 impressions also 4 numbers, making 10,384,616 nos. and 8 signatures making 20,769,232 signatures. We have 50 new presses in addition to our former number in readiness for this work, but for the purpose of greater expedition, if it meets your approval, we should cooperate with the National Company in doing the work. The plate [s] [of] 5's 10's & 20's for 3 65/100 Interest notes, we are now altering to l's 2's & 3's Legal Tender Notes, in accordance with your instructions received through Mr. Cisco, and they will be finished 10th Page 305 Instant, when proofs will be sent you as per your instructions. One week later on July 11, Mr. Edson notified Secretary Chase that the cost for producing the $1, $2, and $3 notes would be $100 per 1000 impressions. Mr. Edson closes his letter with the following: "The 1. 2. 3. Plates would have been finished 10th inst had it not been for the change required in the Legal Tender Clause. If no further changes are required they will be finished Tuesday next." As mentioned before, Secretary Chase also wrote to the National Bank Note Company on July 2. This letter informs company President Fitch Shepard that the American Bank Note Company had already prepared plates of $5, $10, and $20 3 65/100 notes and had proposed to convert them to $1, $2, and $3 notes. Mr. Shepard is requested to submit a proposal for plate preparation and printing of $1, $2, and $3 notes in the numerical proportions of 6, 2, and 1. The Secretary states the proposals to prepare plates and print may be submitted separately. Lastly, it is established that the authority given to the American Bank Note Company to prepare plates has no connection with the printing of the notes. This will be treated as a separate proposition. On July 11, 1862, the same day Mr. Edson replied, Fitch Shepard sent the following letter to Secretary Chase: In compliance with the invitation contained in your favor of 2nd Inst to this Company to your letter of 9th Inst to Mr. Sub-Treasurer Cisco, we herein submit terms upon which we propose to prepare plates, furnish paper and print Treasury Notes of denominations Ones, Twos and Threes, authorized by recent Act of Congress in proportions of 6 Ones, 2 Twos, and 1 Three. The Secretary having intimated his pleasure to receive separate proposals from the American and the National Bank Note Companies and likewise joint proposals for the same work — it has been though inexpedient (from the intimate business relations said companies have sustained under their present contract with the Treasury Department) to disguise from each other the terms separately proposed — the [indecipherable] so as the discount made on the current contracts with the Department has brought the net to a finish which could not justify either party in making much further modifications in terms, by way of competition. At this point the cost for printing is mentioned, the identical amount of $100 per 1000 impressions as specified by the American Bank Note Company. Mr. Shepard of the National Bank Note Company concludes his letter: Should the Secretary accept our proposition we could pledge One Hundred presses exclusively for his work which would undoubtedly insure against dis- appointment. We will soon forward for the Secretary's inspection several sets of models . . . having especial reference to Security against fraud . . . though he might decide to give a preference to the contemplated joint proposals 8 in as much as this Company has as yet only had the opportunity of exhibiting its work on Treasury Notes in Fifties and Hundreds (mostly held by Banks). 9 By July 17, 1862, the day President Lincoln signed the Page 306 second Confiscation Act which authorized the U.S. Government to free those slaves in areas taken by Union Forces, work at the American Bank Note Company had progressed to the point where proofs for the $1, $2, and $3 Legal Tender Notes were prepared and sent to Assistant Treasurer of the United States John Cisco, along with a letter and a bill (see illustration) for the plate preparation. Mr. Cisco then forwarded all this material to Secretary of the Treasury Chase. The correspondence which describe these events follows: American Bank Note Company New York 17th July 1862 Sir, I hand you herewith proof impressions. U.S. Legal Tender Note Plates, 1.1.1.1. — 2.2.2.2. and 3.3.3.3. with corresponding Back & Tint plates, as altered from the 3 65/100 Interest Notes. The labor of making these alterations has been very great — indeed almost equal to making new plates, notwith- standing which, they would have been finished, with the exception of the dates, on the 10th inst, had it not been for the changes required in the endorsement on the Backs, which has now been engraved three times since the order was received to alter the plates and make them conform to the Legal Tender Notes previously issued. While there is necessarily a general conformity in the style of these Notes to those from which they are altered, yet we have endeavored as far as possible to introduce new work and in every way to combine the greatest amount of security against counterfeiting and alterations. As requested, I hand herewith a Bill for these Plates, but I beg leave to remark that the price charged would be no consideration for the plates as altered, except in connection with a contract for printing the Notes, and the price is embraced in a proposal now before the Secretary of the Treasury for that purpose. We are prepared to multiply plates and print the Notes with great expedition. Very Respectfully, Sir, Your Obt. Servt. Tracy R. Edson President United States Treasury New York July 17 1862 Sir: Referring to your letter dated July 1st I herewith transmit proof of United States Notes of the denominations of One, Two and Three Dollars, under the Act of July 11th 1862, together with a Bill from the American Bank Note Company for the plates from which the same are printed, altered from 3 65/100% Interest Notes, and a letter from Mr. Edson upon the subject. Mr. Edson informs me that this bill includes no charge for the alteration. Your telegram giving the date of the Act came to hand this morning. I have the honour to be Sir, Your most obedient Servant John J. Cisco Asst. Treas. U.S. On July 25, 1862, a most revealing letter from the National Bank Note Company confirms the fact that their models for the $1, $2, and $3 notes were mailed to Paper Money A bill from the American Bank Note Co. for altering the $5, $10, and $20 3 65/100 interest-bearing notes to $1, $2, and $3 legal tender notes. the Secretary of the Treasury. This same letter describes the $1 Legal Tender Note model which is the same as the issued design, establishing this company as the one which prepared the plates for the $1 and $2 notes. Mr. Shepard's letter to George Harrington, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury commences: Officer National Bk. Note Co. New York July 25, 1862 Geo. Harrington, Esq. Asst. Secy Treas. Washington, D.C. Sir, The models [for] Treas. Notes 1, 2, 3 after approved (& admired) by Mr. Sub-Treas. Cisco & friends, were mailed today to the address of Hon. S.P. Chase, Secy Treas. We prepared "working models" of the same which are already in the hands of the Transferers. It has been our aim to confirm as nearly as practicable to suggestions& memoranda made by the Secretary & yourself. You may notice that most of the lathe-work is somewhat different in style from that which was substituted by the writer at Washington. Believing we could improve it we made an entire new set, which must account for our being a day or two behind time. We think we have been successful, though the work may not appear more clear to you now, by reason of being put on the models while wet from the press. As no important changes in the backs were suggested, we omitted to send them on. We have taken the liberty to remove the portrait of the Secretary 10 from the twos to the ones, as the greater number of that denomination will introduce him more generally to the people, many of whom we find are desirous to know the looks of the man to whom the country is so largely indebted for furnishing the sinews of war. We have taken pains to obtain the opinion of the personal Whole No. 78 acquaintances of the Secy. both in Washington & this city, & find it pronounced by all, with a single exception, the best that has ever been engraved of him. So we think it can't be far our of the way. Slight changes have been made to conform as nearly as practicable to suggestions made by Miss Chase, but we concluded it dangerous to go on any farther. Arrangements have been entered into for the cordial & efficient co-operationof the two companies, on terms satisfactory to themselves, & it can hardly be necessary to renew assurances that every possible agency will be brought into question by both companies for dispatch in the excution. Respy yr. obt. Svt. F. Shepard With all the correspondence and preparation of two $3 Legal Tender Note models, this denomination was not issued. The only public record we can find which makes any mention of the unissued $3 bill is found in the Connecticut Bank Note List, which was published in Hartford in September, 1862, just a few days after the second Battle of Bull Run, which took place on August 30. The announcement describes the $1 and $2 Legal Tender Notes (not too accurately) and goes on to say, "The $3 notes have not been ordered." If anything can be concluded from all that has been presented thus far, it would be that designs for the issued $1 and $2 Legal Tender Notes were prepared by the National Bank Note Company. This company's $3 design probably followed the same pattern as the $1 and $2 with the anti-alteration device. The known $3 design prepared by the American Bank Note Company is such a radical departure from the issued designs, one would surmise this company's $1 and $2 models were similar to the $3 in design which seemed to follow the format of privately issued notes in circulation up to this time. This second $3 design is yet to be uncovered, if it still exists. There was one more opportunity for a United States $3 bill to be issued. The Act of June 3, 1864, the second of 11 acts which provided for National Bank Notes, authorized $1, $2, $3, and $10,000 notes. The $3 and $10,000 denominations were never issued. So, there we have it: a $3 note which almost came to be. The search can now commence for the American Bank Note Company's design for the $1 and $2 notes and the National Company's design for the $3 note. It seems doubtful that proofs were made of the original 3 65/100 Interest-bearing Notes of $5, $10, and $20 or the one-year Interest-bearing Note of $25. However, if any of these would be uncovered, it would be a major contribution to the visual development of our currency. (For those who may wonder about the use of legal tender throughout this article, it was not until February 19, 1873, that Assistant Treasurer William A. Richardson in a letter stated that hereafter the term United States Notes will be used instead of Legal Tender Notes.) FOOTNOTES AND SOURCES: 1. This vignette was later used in a specimen frame for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (1879-1884) and on a certificate of deposit dated November 17, 1888, drawn on the Bank of California. (Source: Ms. Alice Zecher, American Bank Note Co.) Page 307 2. Some Legal Tender Notes bear the credit of both companies, so it is difficult to ascertain which company was responsible for the design. 3. Gene Hessler, "Design For the $100 1858 Treasury Note Uncovered," Paper Money, Vol. XV, No. 6, p. 260 4. The cost for furnishing Demand Notes for the U.S. Treasury was quoted at $20,000 for 1,000,000 $5 notes; $12,000 for 500,000 $10 notes; and $6,000 for 250,000 $20 notes. (From a letter dated July 19, 1861 from Tracy Edson, president of the American Bank Note Co., to John J. Cisco, Asst. Treasurer of the United States.) 5. Walter Breen, "The First Greenbacks", Numismatic News Weekly, April 11, 1972 Gene Hessler, "As Real As A Three Dollar Big" Coinage, October, 1974 6. John Jay Knox, United States Notes, London, 1885, p. 87 Eric P. Newman, "As Phony As A Three Dollar Bill," The Numismatist, August, 1974 7. The Banker's Magazine, Vol. 16, p. 807 8. Ultimately the two bank note companies did work together to print the 1862 $1 and $2 Legal Tender Notes. Some notes bear the credit of both companies, as well as the date of patent for each: 30 June 1857, for the American and April 23, 1860 for the National. 9. This refers to the $50 and $100 Treasury Notes issued under the Act of March 2, 1861. 10. This portrait of S.P. Chase was engraved by Joseph Ourdan. Letters in the National Archives STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP (Re weed by 39 u.S.0 36631 TITLE Or •UoLiCATiON A. PUBLICAT■ ON N. .oATe Or ',LING PAPER MONEY illli 9/11/78 13...OuENCY or issum Z,T.Y.,LW" "'"'"" ' :1:.a"` """'"i 81-Monthly 6 $10.00 4. LOCATIoN or rcHowN 0,1. o• •DRLICATION (Street. Clf, OLL, VA. end 4, Code, Woly.tene P.O. Box 150, Glen Ri doe,_ New Jersey 07028 S.OCATiON Or THE HEADOWARTERs oR GENERAL ouSiNz. OFFICES OP THE Pu•LIII.HER• (Not prtnrc. P.O. Box 150, Glen Ridge, New Jersey 07028 A 0 COMPL 0017 oe Pue li, ED OR. O N GI 0 DI 0 , Harold 8. Hauser, P.O. Box 150, Was Ridge, New Jersey 07028 LuOrbard R. Moe' ler, 225 5. Fl scher Ave., Jefferson, Wisconsin 53549 ANROING ED ,TOR .• ,.. ,.....A ,."m, woon P.O.Box 150 Glen Ridge N.J. 07028CIL IY UF PAYER MONEY LULLEUIOle I * OWN BONOHOLDERS, MORTGAGEES, ANO OT.ER SECURITY HOLDERS OWN/NG OR HOLOING I PERCENT OR MORE OF TOTAL AMOuNT OP BONDS, MORTGAGES OR OTHER SECURITIES (If Inonren none. . state, A00.5* NONE .POR COMPLETION I, NONPROFIT ORGANIEAT1ONS AUTHORIZED TO MAIL AT SPECIAL RATES eSeetlen 12.2.122. IBM) El P=:EO?r• " Iqi1■=nton:;;T antrolje='n'7 ""'" ""'""'"'""' ' '''''"' EXTENT AND NATURE OF CIRCULATION AVERAGE NO. COPIES EACH ISSUE DURING PRECEDING 12 mONTRS ACTUAL NO. COPIES Of SINGLE ISSUE PUBLISHED NEAREST TO FILING LIATE A. TOTAL O. CON. •NINTKP !Net Pfts. Au./ 2500 2200 • E i. .ea o'CeUwAye7iteM A ..i"' " 0 0 .- "ii-..- ” .....vi... 2000 2000 C. TOTAL •A10 c■RcuLATiOn (Sum at 1011.1 and e.,, 2000 2000 tteLe• cow. ..::::.V.5=0-X..,• 0 0 ToTAL DisTnieuTioN fSurn of CP.,,,D1 2000 2000 f.°iFi,, ;l:. i` EFovoTil . LIM ACC 0 UHT MO, SPOL 1-ZO 500 200 Z. RETDRNs ruom NEN," ',Ger.. 0 0 2500 2200 u. I certify that the statements made by me 1::::.:9270'•',7i.Xeti ".."'".".''""."'"". above are correct and cmplete. 1, FOR COMPLETION By PUBLISHERS MAILING AT THE REGULAR li ATES a .11.1 .1.3.2.(2.1,06101.1M,.W ;:,::7;.==:::;:;':',;.°;2.'•.mr . ' --"'---- '"'" - -" - "---"- ' -"" "'""'- "m' SiGNAT ORZ ARO TITLg or KolToR,D•LiCHER.SuSINcs.AANAGIR. OR OwNER ' ) i MINI NM Rare $100 Nevada Date Back National Bank Note Surfaces Tells the Story of Banker George S. Nixo lommainilitta Whole No. 78 Page 309 $100 Third Charter Date Back Nixon note, Fr. 688. Signed by G. S. Nixon, president, and G. F. Turrittin, cashier. by M. Owen Warns, NLG Jack Everson of Texas, the Nevada National Bank note specialist, has corralled another prize for his collection of the elusive Nationals from the Silver State: a $100 Date Back note on The Nixon National Bank of Reno, charter 8424. The only other collectable $100 note with this bank title would be of the Third Charter Red Seal series. The bank did not issue $5 Red Seal notes of that series but did issue $10, $20, $50, and $100 notes, of which only the $10 i is known to have survived. There was no printing of notes under the Nixon title, charter 8424, of the Third Charter Blue Seal, Plain Back series. This important acquisition joins the Everson Nevada collection which already includes the unique $5 Red Seal note 2 on The First National Bank of Goldfield, the only known note existing on that bank; the only known Third Charter, a $20 note 3 on The McGill National Bank of McGill; and a Third Charter $10 note 4 on The Copper National Bank of East Ely. No $5 notes were issued in this Date Back series; however, both $10 and $20 notes 6 exist, with the $50 denomination yet to be reported. The newly-discovered $100 Date Back is from a rarely used two-subject plate, 50-100; 2400 impressions were made, serials 1-2400, worth $360,000. Under the new bank title "The Reno National Bank Reno" were issued $50 and $100 Third Charter Blue Seal Plain Back notes 6 printed from a four-subject plate layout of 50-50-50-100. These notes are not to be confused with the Date Backs issued under the Nixon bank title; both the old and new bank titles used charter 8424 for the various series of notes. George Stuart Nixon, 1860-1912 George Stuart Nixon was born on April 2, 1860 at Doten's Bar, California, a few miles from the important Marshall gold discovery, a short distance above Placerville. At an early age, George became fascinated with railroads and telegraphy. Having learned the art of being a telegrapher, he applied to Leland Stanford's Central Pacific Railroad for a position and readily accepted an opening as station agent at the remote way- station known as "Humboldt House", situated midway between Winnemucca and Lovelock. He resigned from the railroad in 1884 and took a position with The First The George S. Nixon mansion in Reno, which was sold early in 1973 for a reported $675,000. Photo courtesy Nevada Historical Society. The First National Bank of Winnemucca as it appeared at the time Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch robbed it in 1901. National Bank of Reno, charter 2478. The bank had been established four years earlier, on May 26, 1880, thus becoming the second bank to be chartered in the state of Nevada. The bank had been organized through a merger of the interests of the D. A. Bender Banking Co. (D. A. Bender became president of the new bank), Reno business man W. G. Mapes, and bankers Allen A. Curtis and John A. Paxton who represented the silver interests of several Virginia City mines and of the Manhattan Mining Co. of Austin. The First National Bank of Reno issued only $20 First Charter notes 7. Fortunately, one specimen has been preserved and reposes in the specialized National Bank Note SEAL collection of SPMC member Dewitt Prather. The First National Bank of Reno, charter 2478, was succeeded by The Washoe County Bank through voluntary liquidation in 1896 and is not to be confused with The First National of Reno, charter 7038, chartered in 1903 (original title The Farmers and Merchants National Bank of Reno). The only other bank to have issued First Charter notes in Nevada was The First National Bank of Nevada, charter 1331, which issued $5, $10 and $20 notes worth $261,400; none of these notes is extant. Charter 1331 was the first bank to be chartered west of Denver and the first bank nationalized in the state of Nevada. The bank was to open on June 23, 1865 but did not start business until November 27, 1865, four months later! Meanwhile, the Comptroller of the Currency, the Honorable Freeman Clarke, wrote to the bank president, John W. Harker, inquiring about the operation of the newly-chartered bank because the Comptroller's office had not received the monthly or quarterly reports required by the regulations. President Harker replied by stating that the bank was forced to delay its opening since the circulating notes had been shipped from the East Coast via Cape Horn and San Francisco, thence overland some 800 miles over circuitous, rugged mountainous roads into the middle of Nevada. It must be assumed after that roundabout shipping experience the Comptroller was prompted to issue instructions for shipping currency to the West by a more expeditious route. George Nixon Meets "Butch" Cassidy and the "Wild Bunch" at Winnemucca In 1886, Nixon resigned from The First National Bank of Reno (2478) and moved to Winnemucca to join in the Page 310 organization of The First National Bank of Winnemucca, charter 3575, as the bank's cashier, with L. A. Blakeslee as president. The bank was established on September 27, The final home of charter 8424, The Nixon National Bank and the retitled Reno National Bank, Reno. Photo courtesy Nevada Historical Society. 1886. It was the only Nevada National Bank to issue Second Charter Brown Back notes 8 . Fortunately, again, we find that a single $10 specimen has been preserved and is in the collection of Amon Carter, Jr. of Fort Worth, Texas. George Nixon ascended to the presidency of the bank in late 1900. Before a year had elapsed he had come face to face with "Butch" Cassidy and the "Wild Bunch". They had been on an unsuccessful train robbery and decided their next attempt would be to rob a bank and The First National Bank of Winnemucca was selected to be the victim. Only three of the Wild Bunch took part in this caper: Cassidy, Harry Longabaugh ("The Sundance Kid"), and "Wild Bill" Carver. They entered the bank, forcing cashier F. M. Lee and Nixon to open the vault. The three robbers quickly gathered up the loot of coins and currency, mounted their horses and took off in a cloud of dust, with Nixon running out into the middle of the street, a gun in each hand, blazing away into the air to attract attention to the holdup. They got away with $33,000, none of which was recovered. The Nixon National Bank Becomes a Reality Five years after the Winnemucca bank robbery, George S. Nixon established The Nixon National Bank of Reno, charter 8424, on October 20, 1906, and held the dual presidency of both charter 3575 and 8424 at the same time, thus fulfilling his boyhood dream of owning a bank of his own. Nixon and his inseparable friend and business associate George Wingfield, who was referred to as the "Napoleon of Nevada finance", formed the firm of Nixon & Wingfield in 1902. They were at hand at scores of strikes, always buying up those with the greatest possibility of large production. The most notable mines they managed to purchase were those in the rich Goldfield Camp, such as the Mohawk, Red Top, Yellow Paper Money Tiger, Jumbo and Florence, which with others they incorporated into the fifty-million-dollar Goldfield Consolidated Mining Co. The Mohawk alone became a magic word in Nevada mining circles, for it had produced more gold in less time from the smallest acreage of ground than any mine in the world! Ten million dollars in eight months tells the story that is substantial — all from a block of ground less than three acres in size. George S. Nixon, U.S. Senator from the Silver State With the organization of The Nixon National Bank of Reno on October 20, 1906, the Nixon family moved to Reno where Mr. Nixon erected an imposing residence, the finest in Nevada, on the banks of the Truckee River. There he entertained politicians, business associates, and members of Reno society in a sumptuous manner. In 1891, Nixon began long service in the Nevada state legislature, representing Humboldt County. He was elected to the U.S. Senate on January 25, 1905 to succeed William M. Stewart. He was reelected to the Senate in January of 1911. His term of office still had five years to run when he died suddenly in his office at Washington, D.C. on June 5, 1912. As a legislator in the halls of Congress, he won fame for his ability as a leader of the Republicans and the approval of the many bills he sponsored. Mr. Nixon also had the distinction of being president of several banks simultaneously. They were The Tonopah Banking Corporation (the bank that took over the assets and financial obligations of The Nevada First National Bank of Tonopah in 1932), The Carson Valley Bank of Carson City, Greenwater Banking Company of Greenwater, The John S. Cook Banking Company with banks in both Goldfield and Rhyolite, The Nixon National Bank of Reno, and The First National Bank of Winnemucca. In addition to his interests in banking and mining, he also had invested extensively in real estate, particularly in the Reno, Winnemucca and Lovelock areas. At the time of his death, his estate was valued in excess of thirty-five million dollars. The notes referred to in this article appear in the publication, "The Nevada Sixteen National Banks and Their Mining Camps" As Follows... 1. $10 Third Charter Red Seal, Nixon N.B. Reno page 189 2. 5 Third Charter Red Seal, FNB, Goldfield page 263 3. 20 Third Charter Blue Seal, P.B. McGill page 301 4. 10 Third Charter Blue Seal, P.B. Copper N.B. East Ely page 309 5. 10 & 20 Third Charter Blue Seal, D.B. Nixon N.B. Reno page 190 6. 50 & 100 Third Charter Blue Seal, P.B. Reno N.B. Reno page 193 7. 20 First Charter, "75" series Charter 2478. FNB., Reno page 138 8. 10 Second Charter Brown Back, FNB, Winnemucca page 146 References Included in the list of publications and authorities consulted are: National Banks of the Note Issuing Period, 1863-1935, Louis Van Belkum Paper Money of the United States, Robert Friedberg Society of Paper Money Collectors, Washington, D.C. Reports of The Comptroller of the Currency, Washington, D.C. Nevada State Historical Society, Reno, Nevada State Department of the State of Nevada, Carson City, Nevada The Nevada National Banks and Their Mining Camps, M.O. Warns Wbole No. 78 Page 311 Interest Hearin Notes :4Z The ANA and SPMC bash in Houston is only a memory to most of us, but perhaps you would like to know some of your Society's doings. They were many and varied. Our Board Meeting and General Membership Meeting were well attended. Treasurer John Ferreri, unable to attend, sent us his report, showing our net worth at $24, 921.84, an increase of $5,931.20 over 1976-1977. How- ever, our PM and other expenses are increasing at a rate that causes us some concern. Secretary Harry Wigington, also unable to attend, re- ported our usual 12% loss of members for last year, al- though we did manage a net gain of 20 persons for a mem- bership at June 30th of 2,080. I wish more members would try to match the recruiting efforts of Larry Adams (36), George Wait (11), All Shull (10) and Tom Knebel (10). They, with the president, secured 198 new members or 64% of all new members. Where is the help from every- one else? Need applications? Our Book Project Chairman, Wendell Wolka, reported the Indiana Book is due off the presses any day now. Others are being brought up to ready status. The first membership-wide mail ballots produced over 800 responses. The following were elected to serve for three years: Peter Huntoon, Tom Bain, Paul Garland, Jasper Payne and Larry Adams. I know you all join me in thanking Owen Warns, Roy Pennell and George Wait, who did not stand for reelection. They have served you diligently and well for many years. In many ways we are all reaping the benefits of their hard work. They will be missed. Our luncheon attendance reflected that of the ANA. Attendance at the convention was down 25% and our luncheon fared no better. We, who did attend, heard a very scholarly and detailed talk by Douglas Ball. I think he knows more about the CSA finances than did Mr. Memminger! To many, the highlight of the SPMC luncheon is our recognition and awards to those who authored or dis- played: Nathan Gold Memorial Award (furnished by Numis- matic News) to the person who has made concrete con- tributions to the advancement of paper money collecting — GEORGE WAIT for his numerous and extensive con- tributions over the years. Award of Merit — to DOUG WATSON for his graphic improvements to Paper Money and new SPMC brochure. Literary A wards: 1st — ROGER H. DURAND for "Pssst, Got Change For an Eight". 2nd — SAMUEL L. SMITH for "The Bahamas Government Treasury Notes of 1868-1869." 3rd — WALTER BREEN for "New Look at Old Notes". Julian Blanchard Memorial Award — to WALTER ALLEN for his exhibit "The Origin of Bank Note Vig- nettes". To add frosting to all our cake of pleasure, one of our more active members, STEVE TAYLOR, won the Best- of-Show of all the exhibits at the ANA. One last report on our activities at the ANA. Again, as last year, we had a booth near the bourse floor. I don't know who all manned the table, but under the guidance of board member Wendell Wolka, we had excellent re- sults. We obtained 15 members and sold 60 copies of our various books. Super effort by all who helped. Thank you from all of us. One final word — an old refrain — our well of numis- matic articles is very close to DRY. Barbara Mueller needs to have about a half dozen major articles in reserve. We particularly need articles on foreign, obsoletes, colo- nial and U.S. notes. You people with facts and figures get to work on them. See ya, BOB ON YOUR SPMC CALENDAR Meeting on Saturday, Jan. 6, 1979, at FUN — Florida United Numismatists, Fountainbleu Hotel, Miami Beach, Speaker to be announced. "No. 1 Wyoming Territorial" Corrections by M. Owen Warns In my article on the existing Wyoming First Char- ter territorial National Bank notes in Paper Money No. 76, p. 205, I inadvertently overlooked the $1 and $2 territorial Nationals issued by Charter 2110, The Wyoming National Bank of Laramine. These were reported by Peter Huntoon in his article in No. 57, p. 127. It is possible that other examples of First Charter Wyoming territorial Nationals exist. I hasten to add that other Wyoming territorial National Banks established prior to Charter 2652 (The Stock Growers National Bank of Cheyenne) were: Charter 1800, The First National Bank of Chey- enne. Charter 2110, The Wyoming National Bank of Laramie City. Charter 2518, The Laramie National Bank of Lar- amie City. Finally, Please correct a proofreader's error: The charter number of the First National Bank of Rock Springs as given on p. 205 of PM 76 should be 3920 instead of 3928. Country Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Argentina Australia Austria Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Botswana Brazil British Virgin Islands Brunei Bulgaria Burma Burundi Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Monetary Unit Afghani Lek Dinar Kwanza New Peso Dollar Schilling Dollar Dinar Taka Dollar Franc Dollar CFA Franc Dollar Ngultrum Peso Pula New Cruzero (Dollar) Dollar Lev Kyat Franc CFA Franc Dollar Escudo Dollar Page 312 Paper Money CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATES A listing of the average exchange rates for banknotes of the world in terms of the United States Dollar. by Jerry Remick A listing of the average bank selling rates or market rates for banknotes of all countries of the world in terms of the United States dollar is presented here in Table I. Countries, states, protectorates, dependencies, sheik- doms, etc. using banknotes of another country (having none of their own) as their sole legal tender are listed in Table II. A few countries listed in Table I have their own coinage but use the banknotes of another country, and these are identified by the use of brackets around the monetary unit. The valuation quotation shown in Table I is the average value of banks and other financial institutions on July 24, 1978, for the currency of a particular country. The quotations, except for those in brackets, are from a leaflet dated July 24, 1978, issued by the firm of Manfra, Tordella & Brookes of New York. The valuations shown in brackets are from other sources; a few are early 1978 valuations. The value one receives from a bank in his native coun- try for foreign banknotes is usually less than the official selling rate listed below and depends on a number of factors, demand and ease of convertability being im- portant. Some currencies can be purchased relatively cheaply in their country of issue on the black market. The actual values quoted in Table I will change and many have already changed slightly. However, in most cases the change will not be drastic and in general the relative difference in the valuation of the currency of each country will be maintained. Table I is particularly useful for collectors of current foreign banknotes because the exchange rate in terms of the U.S. dollar is rarely quoted for many of the countries in printed listings appearing in weekly newspapers. A collector should be aware of the face value of a current banknote before purchasing it. TABLE I Country Central African Republic Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo Cook Islands Costa Rica Cuba Cyprus Czechoslovakia Denmark Djibouti Dominican Republic East Caribbean Currency Authority Ecuador Egypt El Salvador England Equatorial Guinea Ethiopia Falkland Islands Faroe Islands Fiji Finland France Gabon Per U.S. Dollar .0223 .1315 .25 (.0219) .00128 1.147 .0681 1.00 2.59 (.070) .50 .0307 .50 .00454 1.00 .1210 .0493 1.21 .0556 1.00 .427 1.10 .1460 .0111 .00454 .889 .0219 1.21 Per U.S. Monetary Unit Dollar CFA Franc .00454 New Peso .0304 Renmiabi Yan 1.3208 Peso .0260 CFA Franc .00454 CFA Franc .00454 (Dollar) 1.042 Colon .1180 Peso 1.3208 Pound 2.67 Koruna .1020 Krone .1800 Franc .00588 Peso 1.00 Dollar .3704 Sucre .0408 Pound 1.43 Colon .40 Pound 1.932 Ekuele .127 Birr .4785 Pound 1.932 Krone .1800 Dollar 1.18 Markka .2405 Franc .2274 CFA Franc .00454 whole No. 78 Page 313 Per U.S. Per U.S. Country Monetary Unit Dollar Country Monetary Unit Dollar Gambia Dalasi .485 Nigeria Nira 1.57 Germany (East) Ostmark .4762 Norway Krone .1865 Germany (West) Mark .4902 Oman Rial 2.89 Ghana Cedi .87 Pakistan Rupee .1010 Gibraltar Pound 1.932 Panama (Balboa) 1.00 Greece Drachma .0272 Papetee (Tahaiti) CFP Franc .0117 Guatemala Quetzal 1.00 Papua New Guinea Kina 1.42 Guernsey Pound 1.932 Paraguay Guarani .0079 Guinea, Republic Syli (.0043) Peru Sol .0067 Guinea-Bissau Peso (.0245) Philippines Piso .1363 Guyana Dollar .3925 Poland Zloty .0304 Haiti Gourde .1990 Portugal Escudo .0221 Honduras Lempira .50 Qatar Riyal .2578 Hong Kong Dollar .2155 Rhodesia Dollar 1.38 Hungary Forint .0528 Romania Lei .0833 Iceland Krona .0038 Rwanda Franc .0110 India Rupee .1210 St. Helena Pound 1.932 Indonesia Rupiah .00242 Sao Tome E Principe Dobra .0219 Iran Rial .0141 San Marino (Lire) .001181 Iraq Dinar 3.49 Saudi Arabia Riyal .2915 Ireland, Northern Pound 1.932 Scotland Pound 1.932 Ireland, Republic Pound 1.932 Senegal CFP Franc .00454 Isle of Man Pound 1.932 Seychelles Rupee .1375 Israel Pound .0579 Sierra Leone Leone .97 Italy Lira .001181 Singapore Dollar .4385 Ivory Coast CFA Franc .00454 Solomon Islands Dollar 1.15 Jamaica Dollar .6262 Somalia Shilling .1592 Japan Yen .00505 South Africa, Jersey Pound 1.932 Republic of Rand 1.15 Jordan Dinar 3.22 Spain Peseta .01294 Kampuchea Riel (.0008) Sri Lanka Rupee .066 (Cambodia) Sudan Pound 2.50 Kenya Shilling .1263 Surinam Gulden .5550 Korea (South) Won .00207 Swaziland Lilangeni 1.15 Korea (North) Won .01065 Sweden Krona .2213 Kuwait Dinar 3.62 Switzerland Franc .5643 Laos Kip .005014 Syria Pound .2548 Lebanon Pound .3442 Taiwan Yuan .0278 Lesotho (Maloti) 1.15 Tanzania Shilling .1263 Liberia (Dollar) 1.00 Tchad CFP Franc .00454 Libya Dinar 3.38 Thailand Baht .0490 Luxembourg Franc .0307 Togo CFP Franc .00454 Macau Pataca .2125 Tonga Pa'anga 1.39 Malagasy Franc .0044 Trinidad and Tobago Dollar .42 Malawi Kwacha 1.15 Tunisia Dinar 2.42 Malaysia Ringgit .4255 Turkey Lira .040 Maldive Islands Rupee (.24) Turks and Caicos (Crown) 1.00 Mali Franc .00223 Tuvalu (Dollar) 1.15 Malta Pound 2.54 Uganda Shilling .1263 Mauritania Ouguiya .0225 U.S.S.R. Rouble 1.45 Mauritius Rupee .1578 United Arab Emirates Durham .2577 Mexico Peso .0438 United States of Mongolia Tugrik (.3000) America Dollar 1.00 Monaco (Franc) .2274 Upper Volta CFP Franc .00454 Morocco Dirham .2320 Uruguay New Peso .1640 Mozambique Metca .0301 Vatican City (Lire) .001181 Nepal Rupee .0800 Venezuela Bolivar .2330 Netherlands Gulden .4522 Vietnam Dong .4192 Netherlands Antilles Gulden .5525 Western Samoa Ta la 1.33 New Caledonia CFP Franc .01173 Yemen Arab Republic Rial .22 New Hebrides Australian Dollar 1.147 Yemen (South Arabia) Dinar 2.90 New Zealand Dollar 1.042 Yugoslavia New Dinar .0531 Nicaragua Cordoba .1428 Zaire Zaire 1.23 Niger CFP Franc .00454 Zambia Kwacha 1.20 MATTHIAS CORVINUS REX HUNGARIAE by Dr. Michael Kupa Page 314 Paper Money TABLE II Places using banknotes of other countries as their sole legal tender. Country or Place Liberia Legal Tender Banknotes U.S. Dollar Country or Place Legal Tender Banknotes LiechtensteinMaderia Islands Swiss Franc Portugese Escudo Abu Dhabi U.A.R. Durham Mariana Islands U.S. Dollar Ajman U.A.R. Durham Marshall Islands U.S. Dollar American Samoa U.S. Dollar Martinique French Franc Andorra Spanish Peseta Monaco French Franc French Franc Montserrat E.C.C.A. Dollar Anguilla E.C.C.A. Dollar Nauru Australian Dollar Antigua E.C.C.A. Dollar Niue New Zealand Dollar Aruba Netherlands Antilles Gulden Norfolk Island Australian Dollar Ascension Island St. Helena Pound Panama U.S. Dollar Azores Islands Portugese Escudo Pitcairin Islands New Zealand Dollar Balearic Islands Spanish Peseta Puerto Rico U.S. Dollar Bonaire Netherlands Antilles Gulden Reunion Islands French Franc British Virgin Islands U.S. Dollar Ras-al Khaim U.A.R. Durham British Indian Ocean St. Christopher & Nevis E.C.C.A. Dollar Territory Mauritius Rupee St. Eustaitus Netherlands Antilles Gulden Canary Islands Spanish Peseta St. Lucia E.C.C.A. Dollar Caroline Islands U.S. Dollar St. Maarten Netherlands Antilles Gulden Christmas Islands Australian Dollar French Franc Cocos Keeling Islands Australian Dollar St. Pierre & Miquelon French Franc Cook Islands New Zealand Dollar St. Vincent E.C.C.A. Dollar Corisca French Franc Saba Netherlands Antilles Gulden Curacao Netherlands Antilles Gulden San Marino Italian Lira Dominica E.C.C.A. Dollar Sharjah U.A.R. Durham Dubai U.A.R. Durham South West Africa South African Rand French Guiana French Franc Tokelau Islands New Zealand Dollar Fujairah U.A.R. Durham Western Samoa Tala Gilbert Islands Australian Dollar Tristan da Cunha St. Helena Pound Greenland Danish Krone Turks and Caicos Islands U.S. Dollar Grenada E.C.C.A. Dollar Tuvalu Australian Dollar Guadeloupe French Franc Umm-al-Qaiwain U.A.R. Durham Guam U.S. Dollar U.S. Virgin Islands U.S. Dollar Vatican City Italian Lira (Editor's Note: The following article is one of a series by a Budapest paper money historian on national heroes of Hungary depicted on that nation's paper currency. English is a second language for Dr. Kupa and to preserve some of the flavor of his writing, editing was done only to insure clarity for the majority of readers.) The younger son of the Turksbreaker Janos Hunyadi reigned as King of Hungary from 1458-1490, and it was he who organized the central political power of Hungary. He was well aware of the economic and political impor- tance of towns and encouraged their developement. He established in Pozsony (now Bratislava) the Aca- demia Istropolitana in 1465. His famous library in Buda contained what are now described as the Corvinas — illu- minated and richly ornamented manuscripts, many of them bearing the Matthias coat of arms with a raven holding a ring in its beak (corvus is Latin for raven, hence the name). It was also during his reign that the first Hungarian printing press was put into operation, in 1478. Visegrad, now in ruins, was his summer palace where Matthias arranged international assemblies for the sover- eigns of Europe. The bust of King Matthias appeared on state notes of 100 Crowns dated 1 January 1920 (Pick-63), as well as those of 1 July 1923 (P-73). Both were engraved by Ferenc Helbing. Matthias also appeared on 100-Pengo notes of the Hungarian National Bank dated 1 March 1926 (P-93), 1 July 1930 (P-98, 112), and 5 April 1945 (P-111), engrav- ed by Almos Jaschik and Kalman Mosko. His last appearance was on the 100-Pengo note of 1 July 1930. All notes of the Pengo denomination were printed by the Hungarian Note Printing Office in Budapest. Whole No. 78 Page 315 A919•(,4A4:0.t9QL4Y In William Dunlap's History of the Rise and Progress of Arts of Design in the United States (Vol. II, p 469), the author states, "Richard G. and Charles P. Harrison were the first to practice the art of engraving west of the Alle- ghenies". Further evidence developed when a crisp new copy of a $1 1815 plate B note of The Western Bank of Virginia at Parkersburg was found with the following printed on the back: Souvenir / 14th annual session Farmers National Con- gress / First bank note issued in Virginia west of the Alleghany Mountains. / Presented by S.S. Stone, Wood County, W. Va. Farmer. Evidently the brothers Richard and Charles Harrison made what must have been a rugged trip, perhaps by Conestoga wagon, from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh about 1815, probably carrying with them over the mountains copper plates and engraving equipment as well as a print- ing press and bank note paper. They must have in some way contacted several of the so-called wild cat banks starting in the Ohio River Valley area and secured the work of engraving and printing these bank notes of the 1815-16-17 period. They apparently did not stay in Pitts- burgh too long or set up any permanent shop in the town, as no record of them has yet been found in tax lists or other records. Following is a list of such notes with their Pittsburgh imprint found to date. No doubt there are others not list- ed yet to be found, and this collector would be most grate- ful to learn of them. A List of Some Bank Notes Engraved and Printed in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania by Richard G. and Charles P. Harrison The First Engravers and Printers of Bank Notes West of the Allegheney Mountains. by William J. Harrison The Western Bank of Virginia $1 note showing souvenir printing on back. r61a161a61 ,6 ‘,1a0C Page 3 16 Paper Money a9teZ04;19, The German Bank of Wooster, Ohio. OHIO The Owl Creek Bank of Mount Vernon 1816 $1, $3. Imprint: Richd. Harrison sc. Printed by C.P., Hn. Pittgh. The $5 and $10 denominations with the identical vignettes as the $1 and $3 do not show the Pittgh. in the imprint. The Farmers Bank of New Salem 1816 $1, $3, $5. Imprint: Richd. Harrison, Invt. & Sct. Pitt. Printed by C.P. Harrison. The Jefferson Bank of New Salem 1817 $1, $3, $5. Imprint: R.G. Harrison sc. C.P. Harrison, Pittg. The German Bank of Wooster 1815 $1, $3, $3. Imprint: Richd. Harrison, sc. Pittg. Printed by C.P. Harrison Pittg. 1815 $5, $10. Imprint: Richd. Harrison, sc. Pittb. Printed by C.P. Harrison Pittb. PENNSYLVANIA The Westmoreland Bank of Pennsylvania, Greensburg 1815 $1, $3. Imprint: Richd. Harrison, sc. Pittsb. Printed by C.P. Harrison Pittsb. The Farmers and Mechanics Bank o f Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Farmers and Mechanics Bank of Pittsburgh 1815 $1, $3. Imprint: Rich. Harrison, fct. Pittsb. Printed by C.P. Harrison Pittsb. The Bank of Washington, Pennsylvania. Left end. Right end. The Bank of Washington, Washington, Pa. 1815 $1. Imprint: Richd. Harrison, sct. Pittsburgh. Printed by C.P. Harrison, Pittsburgh. 1815 $3. Imprint: Richd. Harrison, sct. Pittsbgh. Printed by C.P. Harrison, Pittsbgh. VIRGINIA The Western Bank of Virginia, Parkersburg. 1815 $1, $5, $10. Imprint: Richd. Harrison, sc. Printed by C.P. Harrison, Pittsbg. C.")Te6r&aa‘la‘lat6r&61 Boom to bus 11 War to Great Depression Ben E. Adams In 1866, one of seven brothers left Canton, Ohio bound for Denver, Colorado, and started a banking empire which was to grow, and collapse, over the next 68 years. This was Jefferson Raynolds, the third son of James Madison Raynolds and Sarah Slusser Raynolds. The family could trace its roots in North America to 1666, when a six-year-old boy was brought by a "nanny" to Richmond, Virginia from London in order to escape the plague. By the early 1800's, the family roots were in Zanesville, Ohio, since it had left Virginia because of opposition to slavery. By the 1840's, James Madison Raynolds and his wife had moved to Can- ton, Ohio and had a general merchandise business. It is from this point that our story of the three sons, in which we are most interested, starts. First, we should point out that in the intervening 90 years, as each brother died, the survivors seemed to rewrite the family history; therefore, the facts as presented here may be contradictory to what has been written previously. ,., . . . - 4///,'-'-'04r, "r. .. ...... ', ,,, •,, Zogt* . ... . . l''' ' .:' ' 1.011.84006, '..: 110111111bIli., . 0 . ' ' „. ' . . —. . : ''''''''. 400#114 .1:.• ■Agr.a.....-............—.," • '•••■•■■=www64.4:. Whole No. 78 Page 317 The Ray Pioneer B ids Brothers: kers of the West Page 318 Paper Money Secretary of State. At the time of his death, while re- cuperating from the effects of a nervous breakdown, he was warden of the territorial prison. He died in 1910. Twin sons, Edward David Raynolds and Hallett Ray- nolds, were born December 28, 1875, in Pueblo, Colo- rado. They were to be raised, educated, and trained to be part of their father's banking interests. We shall meet them again in this story when they have reached majority. Jefferson Raynolds was taught, or naturally acquired, the knack of being in the right place at the right time. He apparently knew that the railroads were the key to success in the western United States in the 1870's. Before the A.T.&S.F. Railroad reached Las Vegas, New Mexico in 1879, and before it reached Albuquerque in 1880, he and his brothers had established banking houses in those towns. The same pattern was repeated in El Paso, Texas. When the Southern Pacific Railroad reached town in 1881, Jefferson had formed The Bank of El Paso. Nevertheless, Jefferson Raynolds moved to Las Vegas, New Mexico in 1876, and established The Raynolds Brothers Bank, with his brothers Joshua and Frederick Alexander Raynolds.Frederick Alexander Raynolds Jefferson Raynolds, the third-born son and the first with whom we will be concerned, was born October 26, 1843 in Canton. At the age of 18 he entered the Civil War in Company F, 4th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. A year later he was "invalided" in a hospital. In 1863, and until the end of the war, he served as a clerk in the War Depart- ment in Washington. For a short time after the war he was a clerk in the family business in Canton. In 1866, Jefferson left Canton and went to Denver where he obtained a job as a bookkeeper in the Kountz Brothers' Bank. Some sources say that Jefferson had banking experience in Canton, but most likely his ex- perience was obtained in the family business. That same year, 1866, the Kountz Brothers' Bank became The Colorado National Bank (#1651). Later this same bank would be a training ground for the second brother in our story, Joshua Saxton Raynolds. In 1871, at the age of 28, Jefferson Raynolds moved to Pueblo, Colorado with The Thatcher Brothers' Bank, and that same year became the first cashier of The First National Bank of Pueblo (#1833) when it was formed by the Thatcher Brothers. This association with the Thatchers would continue until well into the 1900's, as M.D. Thatcher was on the boards of directors of some of the Raynolds Brothers' banks which were founded later. Undoubtedly, the Thatchers were early backers of the Raynolds Brothers, but most of those traces died out when history was rewritten by the last brother, Joshua Saxton Raynolds. While he was in Pueblo, Jefferson married Martha Cowan of Fairfield, Iowa in May, 1872. Their first son was born in March, 1873 and was named James Wallace Raynolds. A graduate of M.I.T. in mining engineering, he was the only male child of the original brothers who was not later associated substantially with the banks, but was active in his father's Mexican mines. He did gain fame as the second Secretary of the Territory of New Mexico. This is the equivalent of our present day state The Fremont County Bank, Canon City, Colorado, circa 1886 Joshua Saxton Raynolds was born on December 31, 1845 in Canton, Ohio. He was the fourth son, and the second of the banking brothers. He was in the Civil War as a "100 Day" Man in Company C, 162nd Ohio Volun- teer Infantry. At the age of 22, probably due to the influence of his brother Jefferson, he became an assistant cashier at the Kountz Brothers' bank, The Colorado National Bank (#1651) in Denver. Two years later he moved to Central City, Colorado, as assistant cashier of the Rocky Mountain National Bank (#1652). He had mar- ried Sarah Robbins in September, 1869, and in July, 1870 his first daughter, Ruth, was born. She was to play an indirect part in the banking business of the brothers by marrying James G. McNary in 1902. McNary became president of The First National Bank of El Paso (#2532) in 1916. We shall go into more detail about him later on in this article. Two sons, who also played a part in the brothers' bank- ing business, were also born of this marriage. Herbert Frederick Raynolds was born in Central City, Colorado. He later became a judge of the Second New Mexico Page 319 Judicial District, vice-president of The First National Bank of Albuquerque (#2614), and was on the board of directors of The Occidental Life Insurance Company. John Madison Raynolds, the most successful of all the sons of the three brothers, was born in Las Vegas, New Mexico in 1878, and we shall go into detail about him, when he is president of The First National Bank of Albuquerque (#2614). The third of the banking brothers, but the sixth born male child, was Frederick Alexander Raynolds, who was born in Canton on September 26, 1850. At age 15, he left school and went to work for the dry goods house of David Zollars and Company. When after two years he had saved $500, he quit to start his own business of buying eggs and butter in the country around Canton and reselling to the stores in town. Very quickly he was broke and went to work as a traveling salesman for the Eagle Woolen Mills of Canton. At the age of 20, after having been a salesman for two years, he was made secretary and treasurer of the company. He was also a part owner and an efficient manager of the company, but in August 1874, he sold his interest in the business and went to Canon City, Colorado. Canon City (pronounced "Canyon" City), is about 38 miles from Pueblo, where Jefferson was cashier of The First National Bank of Pueblo (#1652) in 1874. F.A. Ray- nolds was 24 years old at this time. What was to become The Fremont County Bank was originally started as Raynolds, Lamborn & Company by Jefferson and Frederick Raynolds and Colonel C.B. Lamborn in August 1874. At first, Frederick Raynolds was only the manager of the bank, but in 1876 he bought out the interests of Colonel Lamborn. In 1878, he bought out the interests of Jefferson, who by this time had established The Raynolds Brothers Bank in Las Vegas, New Mexico. The four-page edition of the Canon City Times of August 6, 1874 stated: "The businessmen of Canon City were justly elated at the fact that a bank has been established in the commodious quarters provided in the McClure Block. "A necessity long admitted, a convenience eagerly sought. It seemed as if we were pre-destined and elected from all eternity to continual disappointment. An interminable caravan of those who called themselves bankers were passing through day after day promising. "One happy day there came Jeff Raynolds of Pueblo (Colorado), who unlike all others, did as he promised he would, and a result is the opening of the Fremont County Bank, Wednesday, August 5, 1874 with a fair amount of business." At that time the population was estimated between 300 and 1,000 people, not a boom town when the bank open- ed. It had no railroad,no major industry, and no people of wealth. However, there was some luck in that mining activity increased and General Palmer pushed his Denver and Rio Grande Railroad to Canon City where it was stalled until the settlement of the Royal Gorge Rail- road War. During the years 1878 to 1882, Frederick became in- terested in several banks in various parts of Colorado: Whole No. 78 Rosita, Silver Cliff, Leadville, Alpine, Saguache, and Buena Vista. All were quite successful during the time he was connected with them, but he found that "the policy of giving his attention to one was preferable"; therefore he disposed of all his interests except for the bank in Canon City which he renamed The Fremont County Bank. At the age of 28 he was the youngest president of a National Bank in the United States. He was president of The First National Bank of Leadville (#2420); thus, the youngest of the brothers became the first president of The Raynolds Bank building, Canon City, Colorado, circa 1876 a National Bank. He disposed of his interests in this bank, as well as the other five banks in 1881. On January 24, 1884, The First National Bank of Leadville went into receivership. Frederick Raynolds was content to stay in the small town in Colorado and confine his interests to what he could safely manage. He was interested in a small rail- road which had been started by the parent company, A.T. & S.F. Railroad. He was appointed president of the Canon City and San Juan Railroad which came in conflict with General Palmer's Denver, Rio Grande & Western Railroad as he was trying to reach the rich mining camp of Leadville. The "Grand Canyon War" was resolved with General Palmer the victor. Page 320 Paper Money The San Miguel National Bank, circa 1881 2151 Ili I El, Frederick invested in land, mining, and timber, as well as cattle operations in Colorado. He was two-time presi- dent of the Colorado Bankers Association. At the age of 30, he married Magdaline Sheetz in 1880. He was very successful in all his investments, and was considered a very wealthy man for the times. He was also considered a very charitable man. He was remembered as a banker who never foreclosed on his mortgages and always head- ed the list for donations. On his death in 1906, a special edition of The Canon City Record was published, the only time this had been done, and for that matter, since. A special railroad train was used to bring elected and banking officials to the funeral. Among those attending the funeral was J.A. Thatcher, president of The First National Bank of Pueblo, and an early backer of the Ray- nolds Brothers. An example of the vision of Frederick Raynolds was his taking out of an insurance policy on his life for $100,000 when the deposits in the bank reached that amount. He later increased the policy to $150,000 and reasoned, "If I happened to die rather suddenly, there would be a run on the bank and we don't want that. That $100,000 would assure ample coverage in any emergency." He created his own F.D.I.C. Following his death March 8, 1906, his wife Magdaline Raynolds, who had inherited the bulk of the estate, be- came president. She was president for seven years, and it was in late 1906, that the bank was nationalized as The Fremont County National Bank (#8433). In 1913, after her marriage to W.T. Wallace, she resigned as president and sold her stock to George F. Rockafellow (spelling correct) who had been cashier for the seven years of Magdaline Raynolds' presidency. According to the family genealogy (The Millar-DuBois Family: Its History and Genealogy, Eva Millar Naanse, 1928, private printing) Frederick and Magdaline had five children; however, only two had reached majority by the time of the death of their father. There is no information as to whether or not these two had any experience in the bank. As soon as Magdaline Raynolds remarried she moved to Boise, Idaho with Mr. Wallace and lived there. She died there July 2, 1917. Between 1876 and 1878 a Raynolds Brothers schism took place. My reasoning for such a statement is this: Second Charter Date Back $10 San Miguel National Bank o f Las Vegas, New Mexico Territory. Signed by Dr. J. M. Cunningham, president, and Daniel 7'. Hoskins, cashier. Photo courtesy of Ralph Burnworth. In 1876, the Raynolds Brothers Bank was founded in Las Vegas, New Mexico by the three brothers. This was two years after the founding of The Fremont County Bank in Colorado. In 1879, The First National Bank of Las Vegas was founded with Jefferson as president and no mention of Frederick, In 1878, Frederick owned all the stock of the bank in Canon City. In 1879, Jefferson founded The Central Bank of Albuquerque with himself as president and Joshua as manager. After the acquisi- tion of the stock in the Colorado bank by Frederick, we do not find another bank in which he was interested with his brothers. Jefferson and Joshua were active together until, along with their children, they ended their banking careers. Mariano Otero, and others, founded The First National Bank of Albuquerque (#2416) December 24, 1881, and Otero became the first president, with Daniel Geary as the first cashier. In May 1885, The Central Bank merged with The First National Bank of Albuquerque, and Jef- ferson became the second president, from 1885 to 1887. Frank McKee was the cashier and Joshua was manager. About 1878 or 1879, Jefferson organized The Bank of El Paso, which became The First National Bank of El Paso (#2532) in 1881. Jefferson was the first president, and his friend and backer, M.D. Thatcher, was on the board of directors with three local businessmen: Joseph Shultz, M.C. Mills, and J.P. Hague. In 1882, Joshua went to El Paso as manager of that bank as well as the Albuquerque bank. He maintained residences in both towns. Jefferson lived in Las Vegas and he managed the bank there as well as dabbled in Republican politics. As the business interests of Jefferson and Joshua grew, and as their children reached maturity, another time of consolidation and realignment had to take place. Jeffer- son, in late 1886, sold his interests in the El Paso and NA:I HAIN: i ) '.. t.: 7,;,ititi . ',,, 4 ,1 -.. _ TiNiit Yp/f. 4. R6 tivi lit ilt.t, 1 40 , Whole No. 78 Albuquerque banks to Joshua, in exchange for Joshua's interests in the Las Vegas banks. From this time on, Jefferson remained in Las Vegas, and Joshua became president of both the banks in El Paso and Albuquerque. THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF LAS VEGAS (#2436) Chartered September 22, 1879 with a capital stock of $50,000, this bank was the successor to The Raynolds Brothers Bank, which had been operating on the west side of the plaza. This bank had been very successful since it had been in operation before the arrival of the railroad and had been able to charge very high interest rates — two percent per month. In 1880, two National Banks were operating in "old Las Vegas." The First National Bank of Las Vegas (#2436) was on the west side of the plaza, and The San Miguel National Bank (#2454) opened February 9, 1880, on the other side of the plaza. However, after about a year, The San Miguel National moved to "new town" or East Las Vegas. Both of these banks operated success- fully until they merged in 1921, and continued to do busi- ness as The First National Bank of Las Vegas (#2436). Second Charter Brown Back $10 First National Bank of Las Vegas, New Mexico Territory. Signed by Jefferson Raynolds, president and Hallett Raynolds, assistant cashier. Photo courtesy of Roman Latimer. The San Miguel National Bank (#2454) was organized by the Otero family, which also was active in banks in Albuquerque and Santa Fe. Miguel A. Otero, Sr. was the first president and Jacob Gross the first cashier. Mr. Otero was followed in the presidency by Mariano S. Otero, William M. Eads, and Dr. J.M. Cunningham. Dr. Cunningham was president at the time the bank was merged with The First National. Daniel T. Hoskins was cashier, manager, and on the board of directors at the merger. The bank got its name from San Miguel County where Las Vegas is located. After The San Miguel National Bank moved to New Town, The First National Bank of Las Vegas built a brown sandstone building on the corner of the plaza in the style of the banks of the period — massive stone structures with the front door on a 45-degree angle to the streets. This building was to suffice until the bank moved to New Town in 1903. Jefferson Raynolds and his wife had three children, all boys, as previously mentioned. The oldest, James Wal- lace Raynolds, did serve a one-year stint as vice- president of his father's bank. The twin sons, Hallett and Edward David Raynolds, were the brothers who were groomed to be in the banking business. They were edu- Page 321 cated at Harvard and immediately took jobs in their father's bank, Edward as assistant cashier and later as vice-president. Hallett was first assistant cashier and then cashier. A smaller bank in Las Vegas, The City Bank, was con- solidated with The First in November 1888. In 1903, the main part of the business community of Las Vegas had moved to East Las Vegas away from the railroads. At this time Jefferson Raynolds moved The First National Bank of Las Vegas to East Las Vegas in temporary quarters. However, this left him with a spare bank building in the old part of town; solution, open a state bank. Thus, in 1903, The Plaza Bank opened in the building which had been built approximately 20 years before for The First. Under the New Mexico banking act of 1884, a bank could be chartered with capital assets of $25,000 as op- posed to the $50,000 required for a National Bank char- ter. However, Jefferson chartered The Plaza Bank with $50,000 capital. In 1890, The San Miguel National Bank officers found- ed the Las Vegas Savings Bank under the Act of 1884 with a capital of $25,000. This became the training ground for the officers of The San Miguel National Bank, since all the succeeding officers of The San Miguel National Bank were first officers of Las Vegas Savings Bank. Ironically, after the merger of The First National Bank and The San Miguel National Bank in 1920, The Las Vegas Savings Bank became independent and was the only Las Vegas bank to survive the agricultural depression in New Mexico in 1924. Building of the First National Bank of Las Vegas, 1881-1903 (to be continued) Basics in U.S. Pap, by Terry Vavra Page 322 Paper Money If one looks at the map of eastern New Mexico, one sees that this is the agricultural part of the state. Two main rivers flow south over the entire state: the Rio Grande goes through Albuquerque and almost due south to Las Cruces and El Paso, Texas, while the Pecos and its tri- butaries flow almost due south in the eastern quarter of the state. During World War I, the region along the Pecos river was developed as irrigated farms with loans from The First National Bank of Las Vegas and from The San Miguel National Bank, as well as the other banks all the way from the Colorado border to the Texas border where the Pecos River crosses into that state. This was a time of inflation brought on by the war, as well as a seemingly never-ending demand for the agri- cultural products of the farms along the Pecos and Rio Grande Rivers. However, someone must have seen the troubles coming. In his book, The State National, Dr. C.L. Sonnichson says that a sure sign of weakness in a bank is when it starts to merge with other banks. In 1919, European agriculture was beginning to re- cover and the need for the massive United States ex- ports was tapering off. About this time also, the twin sons of Jefferson were sent off to El Paso to work for Uncle Joshua in his interests there. Hallett was the as- sistant cashier in The First Nation Bank of El Paso (#2532), and Edward was treasurer of The First Mort- gage and Loan Company of El Paso. Jefferson was in ill health from the influenza epidemic of 1919 and a bout with pneumonia in 1920. These two illnesses probably go back to his sicknesses of the Civil War, but at any rate he was too ill to continue the opera- tion of the Bank in Las Vegas and for some reason he did not pass the operation to his twin sons who were 45 at the time. He was persuaded to go to El Paso in 1920 to live with Edward and Hallett to recover from pneumonia. On January 2, 1920, The San Miguel National Bank of Las Vegas (#2454) was placed in voluntary liquidation and the assets and outstanding circulation were assumed by The First National Bank of Las Vegas (#2436). The capitalization at the time of liquidation was $100,000; the outstanding circulation was $100,000; and on August 13, 1920, the outstanding circulation was $68,350. After the merger, all of the officers of The San Miguel National Bank became the same officers of The First National Bank of Las Vegas. Most notably, Dr. J.M. Cunningham was president in place of Jefferson Raynolds, and Daniel T. Hoskins was cashier, manager, and a member of the board of directors. At the time of the merger, Daniel Hoskins announced the plans to build a new bank building which was to serve Las Vegas "for all times." Jefferson Raynolds died in El Paso in 1921 before the new bank building was ever finished. In 1921, and until 1925, banks in eastern New Mexico along the Pecos River began to fail due to the agricultural depression and their inability to collect on the loans which they had made to create that very same agricultural economy. During this period of falling agricultural prices, the banks of Las Vegas began to fail. The first was Plaza Trust and Savings Bank, which had been founded by Jefferson when he moved The First to East Las Vegas. It was closed by the state examiner in 1923. On May 4, 1925, The First National Bank of Las Vegas was ordered to close, "to protect the depositors." This left Las Vegas without a National Bank until The First National Bank in Las Vegas opened in 1949. The closing, which came at the end of a period of heavy withdrawals, was announced in the Albuquerque Morning Journal with an article which ended with the following: "There is no connection between the First National Bank of Las Vegas and the First National Bank of Albuquerque or any of the officers of this institution." In other words, Joshua was disavowing any connection with the bank he helped found. Later in the summer of 1925, The Las Vegas State Bank and The Peoples Bank and Trust Company failed. The Las Vegas Savings Bank, which had become an in- dependent bank with the merger of The First National Bank and The San Miguel National Bank, absorbed The Meadow City Bank which was about to fail. In 1928, The Las Vegas Savings Bank moved into the building of the defunct First National and until 1949 was the only bank in the community. Today it is called The Bank of Las Vegas. The other New Mexico state banks that Jefferson had formed began to fail about this time. In addition to The Plaza Trust and Savings Bank of Las Vegas, The Sierra County Bank of Hillsboro failed January 17, 1924. His other banks (The Exchange Bank of White Oaks, and The Bank of Taos) survived for a while longer under the management of others. We've come up with a new idea! Why not have a column in Paper Money that will help novice and intermediate U.S. paper money collectors with questions that they may have in the areas of U.S. Large-Size Currency, U.S. Fractional Currency, or U.S. Small-Size Currency? With new collectors joining our hobby every day, there is a need for them to have our support and to be properly guided into the collecting areas which they have chosen. This new column will be devoted to covering questions submitted in regard to grading, value, authenticity, historical and background information, and any other area in which information is needed regarding the U.S. paper money issues 1861 to date. All questions will be answered. Don't worry about how trivial or silly a question may be. If you have a question and don't know the answer, then ask! All questions will be answered honestly, accurately and as expeditiously as possible. Personal replies will be answered as long as a S.A.S.E. is enclosed. Please send all correspondence to: Terry Vavra, Box 51, Riverside, CA. 92502. Note: Do NOT send actual specimens of currency. Send only photo copies. We cannot be responsible for your material. ,>” 1 r4SiF ./Cr f /40,1,X4V 2.44hh, Whole No. 78 Page 323 $2 note from the second series issued by the bank in the 1850s. It shows the frog vignette in the lower right corner. Photograph courtesy C. John Ferreri. The original Windham Bank building, now the Windham Free Library. Obsolete Oddities The "Frog" Notes of Windham, Conn. by CHARLES E. STRAUB As a dealer in United States obsolete currency and col- lector of Connecticut obsoletes, I have seen quite a few odd vignettes and heard many interesting stories sur- rounding them. Perhaps the strangest vignette I have encountered comes from my own back yard, Windham, Connecticut. The old bank notes of the Windham Bank featured a vignette of a frog standing over the dead body of another frog. Now, anyone seeing this can't help but wonder what ever possessed a bank to put a dead frog, or even a live frog, on its currency. To find the reasoning behind such an act. we must travel back in time to the small eastern Connecticut town of Windham and the year 1754. The Battle of the Frogs With a population of about a thousand inhabitants, Windham was one of the leading towns of the day. The times were hard, though. A disease had recently struck the town, and the French and Indians were a constant threat. Rumors of massacres and atrocities ran rampant while many of the men were away fighting the French or with Putnam fighting Indians. Windhamites often thought about the possibility of an attack, so it's no sur- prise that on a hot, dark, June night in 1754 they thought their worst suspicions had come true. What they expec- ted and what actually did happen, however, are two different things. A black servant of parson White's named Pomp was re- turning home around midnight, after seeing a lady friend at a nearby farm house. As he walked down the dark road, he neared the Windham Green. It was there he began to hear a strange and terrifying sound echoing through the night air. The noise seemed to come from everywhere at once. Pomp rushed home to awaken his master, shrieking all the way. Parson White then proceeded to sound the alarm, waking those who had not already been aroused by this awful sound or by the screaming Pomp. As the noise continued, most thought it was an Indian ritual and by morning they would surely all be dead. People began running about. Women shrieked, children cried, and men prepared for battle as the strange and Page 3 24 Paper Money mournful sound continued. A makeshift, ragtag army assembled on the green. Men were running about armed with pitchforks, knives, clubs and old swords, while a few actually had guns. Confusion and fear swept the village as the Windhamites listened and waited. Some claimed to have heard the savages calling, "We'll have Colonel Dyer, Colonel Dyer, Elderkin too, Elderkin too". Well, both Elderkin and Dyer were prominent lawyers in Windham who had recently planned a colonization project in the Susquehanna Valley which would greatly irritate the Indians. This scared the townspeople even more. Many claimed to have distinguished Indian chants and drums among the noise. Others said there was nothing on earth that could make such an outlandish commotion and con- tended that it could only mean one thing; it is the judge- ment day and nothing could be done to save them except after. Some vowed that if the De'il himself should come they would flee him, and if a frog they ever met, pretend not to see him". Although the area did not have a news- paper, the story quickly spread from town to town and eventually across the land. Windhamites became the butt of jokes and lawyers in particular were harassed with the bull frog story. Even the clergy couldn't help but laugh as indicated in this early reference to the frog battle, in a private letter from Reverend Stiles of Woodstock to his nephew, a law student: Woodstock, July 9, 1754 "If the late tragical tidings from Windham deserve cre- dit, as doubtless they do, it will then concern the gentle- men of your Jurisprutian order to be fortified against the dreadful croaks of Taurean Legions. Legions terrible as $3 proof note of the Windham Bank from the first series issued when the bank first opened. prayer. They waited and waited, expecting that they would all be dead by morning, but the savage army never appeared. Colonel Dyer, Colonel Elderkin and a Mr. Gray then rode their horses up Mullin Hill toward the strange sound to determine just what it was. As they approached a small pond, they found that this was the source of the commotion. Some reports contend that the three actually fired shots toward the pond. Whatever happened that night is not clear but what they found were - thousands of dead and dying frogs, some still making their war cries. No one is sure why the frogs died. The theory held at the time was that they died fighting each other, possibly for the small amount of water in the lowered pond. When the three men returned and reported their find, the townspeople were humiliated. "Some were pleased, and some were mad, some turned it off with laughter, and some would never hear a word, about the thing there- the very wreck of matter, and the crash of worlds. Anti- quity relates that the elephant fears the mouse. A hero trembles at the crowing of a cock, but pray whence is it that the croaking of a bullfrog should so Belshazzerize a lawyer? "Dyerful ye alarm made by these audacious, long wind- ed croakers. Things unattempted yet in prose or rhyme, Tauranean terrors in Chimeras Dyer. I hope sir, from the Dyerful reports from the frog pond, you'll gain some in- struction, as well as from the report of my Lord Cook." As the years wore on, future generations learned to take the jokes and eventually became proud of the inci- dent. This strange event was now an important part of Windham's history, which should not be forgotten. It has since been immortalized in poetry and song., such as "Lawyers and Bull Frogs" and "The Epic of Windham", and to top it off, a frog eventually became the central figure of the town seal. ViiO46f P4tif ! \ Whole No. 78 Page 325 $20 National Currency note, Charter #1614 of the Windham National Bank in Willimantic. The "Frog" Notes The Windham Bank was chartered in 1832 and opened in what is now known as Windham Center. Its business was small and development slow. The first bank notes issued by it are currently unlisted and are extremely rare. The only denominations I know of are one, three, and five dollars. Later on, the bank issued new notes, all of which have a vignette of a frog standing over the dead body of another frog. The frog vignette appears on the $1, $2, $3, $5 and $10 notes in the lower right corner. The old notes reminded everyone that touched them about the then- famous battle of the frogs, as exemplified by this poem by the Reverend Theron Brown, a famous Windham poet: I pause to nurse a quaint rembrance here, the bank and I were born the self same year. I mind its notes, between whose figures poked, Two frogs — so lifelike that they almost croked. The original greenbacks of the native race, That long anticipated Salmon Chase. They blossomed like pond lilies from the mud, Memento of a war that shed no blood. As the years passed, the focus of attention gradually moved from the old hub of Windham to Willimantic Falls, which is located in the southwest corner of the town of Windham. Willimantic, as it is now called, is at the junc- tion of the Natchaug and Willimantic Rivers, and their tremendous water power was quickly put to use. $5 National Currency shows the name Willimantic larger and is an example of the small-size Nationals of Windham. Industry was attracted to the rivers and the area began to grow. In 1849, the New London, Willimantic and Palmer Railroad came through, followed by the Hartford, Providence and Fishkill Railroad in 1850, and the Boston, Hartford and Erie Railroad in 1872. In 1879, the Wind- ham Bank also moved to Willimantic and was known as the Windham National Bank. With the coming of National Currency, it issued notes charter numbered 1614 and could no longer put frogs on its currency. In 1955, the Windham National Bank merged with the Connecticut Bank and Trust Co. of Hartford, which still has a large office in Willimantic There are now several banks in Willimantic Although the frogs are no longer on currency, they are certainly not forgotten nor is Windham's banking his- tory. The old Windham Bank is still standing in it's origi- nal location in Windham Center near the green. It is now the Windham Free Library and also serves as a miniature museum. On display among other local oddities are several Windham notes including a one-dollar with the frog vignette. About a mile from the old bank on Route 14 is the famous pond where the frog battle took place; it is still known as Frog Pond. A granite boulder erected in 1924 with a bronze plaque marks the historic battlefield; it reads: THIS TABLET IS ERECTED BY ANNE WOOD ELDERKIN CHAPTER, DAR TO COMMEMORATE THE LEGEND OF THE BATTLE OF THE FROGS MRS. FRANK LARRABEE, REGENT There are varied accounts of what actually happened that dark night in 1754. Whether the tale is an accurate description of that night's events or is blown all out of proportion may never be known. But the legend of the battle of the frogs will forever come to life whenever someone is shown a note from the Windham Bank. References 1. Higbee, Lillian Marsh. Bacchus of Windham and The Frog Fight, 1930. (Source of quotations) 2. Lamed, Ellen D. History of Windham County Connecticut. Worcester, Mass. Charles Hamilton, 1874. 3. Todd, Charles Burr. In Olde Connecticut. New York, The Grafton Press. 1906. 4. Harpin, Mathias P. Harpin's Connecticut Almanac. Harpin's American Heritage Foundation, Inc., Jewett City, CT. 1976. Page 326 Paper Money TRI MISSOURI L LIST G OF OBSOLE E NOTES D SCRIP PART FOUR by Bruce W. Smith This listing is by no means a definitive catalog of Mis- souri's paper currency but rather a first attempt at cataloging these elusive and often obscure notes. It is sincerely hoped that anyone having any of these notes (or any not listed here) or having further information, will contact the author at Box 34, Stevens Point, WI 54481. MILAN Union Bank of Missouri (branch).Authorized March 1859, opened May 1860. Closed 1866. $5 Same design as parent branch issues. $40,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $10 Same design as parent branch issues. $60,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $20 Same design as parent branch issues. $40,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $1 and $2 notes may have been issued after 1861. NEOSHO Exchange Bank of St. Louis (branch). Authorized 1857, but an 1859 amendment to charter transferred this branch to Columbia. It is not clear whether a branch ever opened in Neosho. Farmers Bank of Missouri (branch).Opened 1861. No other details available. This branch should have had the right of issue, but none are recorded through February 1861. Roberts & Ellis Scrip. $2.00 17 March 1862. Payable in Confederate notes. No description available. R.O. Stockton Scrip. Issued cardboard strawberry chits around the turn of the century. These chits were used to pay migrant pickers, and could be redeemed at the office of the issuer or sometimes at banks or shops in the area. 1 quart dark yellow 4 quarts light yellow 1 crate pink-orange A 6 quart chit should also exist. NIANGUA Bank of Niangua. This is a fictitious bank for which Missouri outlaws printed notes. According to one source, the notes were printed in Camden county between 1833 and 1841 when the outlaw band was broken up by a group of vigilantes called Slickers. Another source (published in 1837) says the headquarters of the operation was in St. Louis but that the notes were printed in a cabin in the woods of Pulaski county at or near Waynesville. It is not known exactly what these notes looked like, nor what denominations were produced. It is not even certain if the notes were actually from Missouri, for none are known to exist today. OSCEOLA County of St. Clair. Warrant. $1 1 December 1873. St. Louis Banknote Co. State seal center, head of cow lower left, basket of food lower right. Signed by James H. Linney, county clerk and Asheial Heath, president (?)• Some $25,000 of these notes, all in one dollar denomi- nation, were printed. The cost of these notes was still outstanding, giving the county a $5 profit. Mechanics Bank of St. Louis (branch). Supposedly opened here in 1859, but no other information is available. Merchants Bank of St. Louis (branch). Opened 1858. Closed 1863. By an act of 23 March 1863, the St. Louis office was required to close this branch and settle its affairs as well as possible. The directors are said to have destroyed the bank's notes, given the money away and disappeared. Nearly all the notes of the Merchants Bank in existence today are payable at Osceola. , taa NOT TilAN,FET4FI1E *P. 1 ita5 2.52.52SES2S-25-2 5.2.52.5 s2 5 5 5 5 115 IA GOOD FOR Si IN TRADE I Al I III STORE 'V - PALMER LEAD Ca. ig,14„ ■•■••1 S Stied l'O''': ---7.4?:; "' . Sufrr in i ,' n le n / . ,-- c - . ....t...-1-- L.--,ce: Not Transferable. 5_-4sasaszsas-asasasas2 Whole No. 78 Page 327 On 23 September 1861 James H. Lane's Kansas Brigade guerillas attacked and looted Osceola. They took over one million dollars in loot and burned all but three buildings in town. Their main object was the Merchants Bank, but the bank's money had secretly been moved to other towns. The band went directly to the bank, removed the safe and blew it open. Upon finding it empty, they began looting the town. Osceola never fully recovered. Though an important city in the 1850's, the town has a population of only 900 today, about half of what it was in 1861. Wismer reports a $5.00 note on this branch dated 1 Oct. 1859. Design same as parent branch issues. $5 Same design as parent branch issues. $20,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $10 Same design as parent branch issues. $88,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $20 Same design as parent branch issues. $221,600 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $50 Same design as parent branch issues. $41,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $100 Same design as parent branch issues. $77,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. PALMER Palmer Lead Company. Scrip. The town of Palmer was laid out in 1830 and by the 1880's was owned by the Pal- mer Lead Company. In 1881, the town had a population of about 150 and contained a hotel, post office, flour mill, carpenter shop, blacksmith shop, general store and the lead smelter. Some 500 tons of lead were produced annually from the Palmer mine, and to pay the miners, the company issued cardboard scrip in $1, $2 and $3 denominations. At least three different series were issued with dates in the 1880's and 1890's. Today, nothing re- mains of Palmer. Aside from an abandoned church, there is not a single building left, nor even a foundation. r X' 35 . zr 50y, 0003, von $1 IN Pit -.4> AT THE STORE OF •<,...- ii.T.1 R SI E 4,J , , fle.2.,,A—_-( — /' 6-'-..--eSu - 7-- -, b Ce / Issued t6 1 ,..f....,,Clif ,....r ,-7 ra______.. Wirt Transferable. intendent 8g, ... Series 1 $1 Dated 188 Simple double line border. $2 Dated 188 Same $3 Dated 188 Same Series 2 $1 Dated 189 Meandering Greek border. $2 Dated 189 Same $3 Dated 189 Same c:()f)x) FO E1 rs(4; HI THE STORE - - AL ER LEAD R0-1 Series 3 $1 Dated 189 Dotted border. $2 Dated 189 Same $3 Dated 189 Same Renault Lead Company. Scrip. Undated cardboard notes without a stated value exist. These notes have 5 and 10 (?,;i1(ii"... • S (g.)(t)iiii112121213/ 31514 .; GOOD-FOR ALL AMOUNTS UNPUNCHED IN MERCHANDISE, IN ACCOUNT WITH RENAULT LEAD CO., Palmer, Mo. F) 5 15 15 1 5 1 5 1 1 0 1 W1'. !1 -4,W cent amounts around the outer edge which are punched out as those amounts are spent. This company is believe- ed to be a successor to the Palmer Lead Company. PALMYRA Bank of the State of Missouri (branch). Opened 1839. Closed 1867 or earlier. This branch originally was to have NOT TRANSFERABLE. Page 323 been located at Hannibal, but the location was changed to Palmyra by an amendment to the bill. In 1859, Boat- man's Savings Institution of St. Louis presented at the counter of this branch $54,840 of its notes. Some $1190 of this sum was in $5 notes and the rest in $10, $20 and $50 notes. Boatman's demanded gold for the notes but the bank instead paid silver for each of the $5 notes and paid five dollars in silver on each of the other notes; the remainder was paid in gold. Boatman's thereupon sued the Bank of the State of Missouri and in 1860 the St. Louis Circuit Court ruled that the branch had the right to pay each $5 note in silver since silver was declared legal tender in sums up to $5 by an act of Congress. But the court ruled against the branch on paying the larger notes in silver, since by the same act, silver was not legal tender above five dollars and Boatman's had the right to refuse it. In 1863, the State Supreme Court upheld this decision First Series (1839-1857) $10 Design probably same as parent branch issues. $27,550 of this denomination in circulation in October 1852. In November 1854, the amount was $18,970. $20 Design probably same as parent branch issues. $166,640 of this denomination in circulation in October 1852. In November 1854 the amount was the same. $50 Design probably same as parent branch issues. Only $700 of this denomination was in circu- lation in October 1852. In November 1854 the amount was $1050. $100 Design probably same as parent branch issues. In October 1852 $13,500 of this denomination in circulation. By November 1854 it had dropped to $7,700. Note: In 1852, this branch reported that it had received only four shipments of notes for circulation from the main branch in St. Louis. The total amount received ($214,000) arrived as follows: April 1839 $120,000; September 1839 $40,000; January 1845 $50,000; November 1852 $4,000. Second Series (1857 — ?) $5 Design same as parent branch issues. $46,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. Only $6,000 had been issued through February 1859. $10 Design same as parent branch issues. $183,920 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $20 Design same as parent branch issues. $66,640 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $50 Design same as parent branch issues. $50,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. Note: $1, $2 and $3 notes may have been issued after 1861. PARIS Farmers Bank of Missouri (branch). Authorized 1857. Opened mid-1858. It is not known when this branch closed, though it is thought to have been open till at least Paper Money 1863. In September 1861, Col. Williams of the 2nd Kansas Infantry and Maj. Cloud of the 2nd Iowa Infan- try attacked Paris to loot this bank. The cashier, however, had hidden the money and the raiders got nothing. By December of 1861 this bank was failing. The federal troops who occupied the town were holding a number of the local Confederate sympathizers for ransom, and many of the citizens took advantage of the situation, using the nearly worthless notes to pay the ransom. $5 Design same as parent branch issues. $50,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $10 Design same as parent branch issues. $110,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $20 Design same as parent branch issues. $120,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. Note: $1 and $2 notes may have been issued after 1861. PILOT KNOB Pilot Knob Iron Company. In June 1847, the Madison Iron & Mining Company was organized to work the iron deposits here. In November 1855, the name of the com- pany was changed to the Pilot Knob Iron Company. Other denominations of this company's scrip probably exist. 10i 1 January 1871 No description available. PLATTE CITY Union Bounty Warrants. According to the History of Clay & Platte Counties (1855), during 1864-65 the county was not meeting its draft quota and so offered a bounty of $300 in warrants to anyone who would enlist. A total of $25,000 in warrants was issued under this program. It is not known whether these warrants bore any special markings or whether they did circulate. PORTAGEVILLE Food Stamp Due Bills. During the 1970's the Farmers Bank of Portageville issued due bills without fixed amounts to make change for food stamps. Although thou- sands of grocery stores around the country have issued tokens and scrip to make change for food stamps, this is the only instance known to the author in which a bank has issued the change scrip. The due bills have a space for writing in the amount and another space for the name of the grocery store. POTOSI Washington County. Scrip. According to the History of Franklin, Jefferson, Washington, Crawford & Gasconade Counties (1888), in 1886 Washington county had $1,104.89 outstanding in warrants and scrip. The nature of these items is unknown. RICHMOND Union Bank of Missouri (branch). Authorized March 1859, opened summer 1859. Became Hughes & Wasson Bank in January 1866. Joseph S. Hughes and George Wasson had been cashier and president, respectively, of Whole No. 78 the Union Bank branch and bought it out when the parent branch in St. Louis was being liquidated. $5 Same design as parent branch issues. $70,000 of this denomination had been issued through February 1861. $10 Same design as parent branch issues. $80,000 of this denomination had been issued through February 1861. $20 Same design as parent branch issues. $40,000 of this denomination had been issued through February 1861. 50 Same design as parent branch issues. $40,000 of this denomination had been issued through February 1861. $100 Same design as parent branch issues. $20,000 of this denomination had been issued through February 1861. Note: $1 and $2 notes were probably issued by this bank after 1861. Wismer lists a $2 note on this branch but does not mention the date. ROCHEPORT Rocheport City. Warrants. According to one source, Rocheport issued warrants for circulation during the 1840's. The design and denominations of these warrants are unknown. None are known to exist. ST. CHARLES Loan Office of the State of Missouri (branch). Opened 1821. This was probably the main branch, since St. Charles was the state capitol till 1828. One of the first things the Missouri legislature did upon gaining state- hood was to create the Loan Office system. This was de- signed to solve two problems: 1) the hardship following the panic and depression of 1819; and 2) the shortage of any kind of currency in the state. Loans were made (se- cured by land) in the form of scrip from any of the five Loan Offices set up around the state. Each office had three commissioners who were to handle the business of that office. The original amount authorized to be issued was $200,000 but this seems to have been increased later to $300,000. The amount authorized was divided nearly equally between the five offices, and at least three of the offices are known to have actually put it into circulation, but all known examples of this scrip are from the St. Charles office. It may be that the scrip issued by all the offices is marked St. Charles, as that was the state capital. The original law authorizing this scrip provided for denominations from 50(t through, $10, but a later amendment authorized $12,000 in denominations from 12 1/2i to 504i. No notes below 501 are known, however. Earlier writers have made much of the fact that state re- cords show that the five offices during their existence issued a total of $184,788 in scrip but that $188,647 was redeemed — with much more reportedly in the hands of the Federal government. This has led to speculation that the notes were heavily counterfeited, but aside from these statistics, there is no evidence of this. More likely the difference represents interest paid on the notes or it may be simply a case of poor bookkeeping. In 1822, a new legislature began dismantling the Loan Office system. An act of 27 November 1822 forbid the further issue of the Page 329 scrip and a supplementary act of 16 December 1822 abolished the office of Loan Office commissioner and de- clared the notes non-legal tender. An act of 1 January 1831 made 1 January 1832 the deadline for redeeming the Loan Office notes but later acts extended the deadline. All of the known examples of Loan Office notes are dated 1 October 1821. A $5 note dated 1 September 1821 has also been reported but has not been seen. The imprint on the 50i and $1 reads: Rich. G. Harrison Sc. Mis. Ri. Presumably Harrison did the other denominations as well. 5thi October 1, 1821. Letters A and B known (Cris- well 01) Upper center: An eagle standing on the word MISSOURI. Upper left and right: 50 on a die. Text: This certificate shall be receivable at the Treasury or any of the loan offices of the state of Missouri, in the discharge of taxes or debts due the state for the sum of fifty cents with interest for the same at the rate of two percentum per annum, from this date (St. Charles) 1 day of October 1821. (signed) Peter Didier Treas. W. Christy Auditor. Note: St. Charles is written in, as are date and signatures. $1 October 1, 1821. Letters A, B, C, D known (Cris- well 02) Center: Man poling boat towards beaver. ONE on die left, ONE and 1 on die right. 1 at bottom. Left and Right: ONE on die. Text: Same as above except for denomination. Signed N. Simonds Treas. Will V. Rector Auditor. Note: St. Charles is printed; dates and signa- tures are written. $3 No description available. Letter A known.(Cris- well 03) $5 No description available. Letter A, B, C known. (Criswell 04) Reportedly dated September 1, 1821. Signed by Nathaniel Simonds Treasurer and William Christy Auditor. $10 October 1, 1821. Letters A and B known. (Cris- well 05) C. Woman seated. 10 on shield at bottom. R. TEN on oval die. L. 10 on oval die with X above and below. Text: Same as $1 except for denomination. Signed PeterDidier Treas. W. Christy Auditor. Note: St. Charles is written in, as are date and signatures. Southern Bank of St. Louis (branch). Authorized in 1857 but didn't open till 1859 or 1860. Became the First Na- tional Bank of St. Charles in February 1864. According to one source, all known notes of this bank were payable at the St. Charles branch. A few of those examined did indeed have St. Charles written in as the place of redemp- tion, but are signed by officers of the parent branch in St. Louis. Page 3 30 $5 Same design as parent branch issues. $80,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $10 Same design as parent branch issues. $40,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $20 Same design as parent branch issues. $30,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $50 Same design as parent branch issues. $15,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $100 Same design as parent branch issues. $30,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. $500 Same design as parent branch issues. $5,000 of this denomination issued through February 1861. Note: $1 and $2 notes may have been issued after 1861. ST. GENEVIEVE Bank of Missouri (branch). Opened 1818, closed 1821. This was the first bank in Missouri to be located outside St. Louis, though it was only a branch of the St. Louis bank. Under its charter, the parent branch had the right of issue but its branches did not. This prohibition was circumvented, however, by issuing notes in St. Louis payable at St. Genevieve and shipping these to the branch. Though the parent branch issued notes in denominations of $1, $3, $5, $10 and fractional notes as well, only $1 and $5 branch notes are known. These are nearly identical to the parent branch issues, but the text is different. $1 October 1, 1818 Bust of Jefferson center with ships and cargo in background. Text: The President, Directors & company of the Bank of Missouri promise to pay one dollar on demand at their Office of Discount & Deposit in St. Genevieve to Wm. Shannon, President thereof or to the bearer. St. Louis Oct. 1, 1818. (signed) John Dales cash. Aug. Chouteau pres. Imprint: unknown; probably Murray, Draper, Fairman & Co. Note: St. Genevieve, Wm. Shannon, the date and the signatures are handwritten. $5 October 1, 1818. Letter B known. C. Bust of Jefferson with ships and cargo in background. V on die right, 5 on die left. Bust is not labeled. Paper Money L. FIVE in end panel. R. MISSOURI in end panel. Text: Same as above except for denomination. Date and signatures are also the same. Imprint: Murray, Draper, Fairman & Co. Note: St. Genevieve, Wm. Shannon, the date and t he signatures are all handwritten. The notes of the parent branch and the St. Genevieve branch all have the same center design though the placement varies. The bust of Jefferson may or may not have JEFFERSON above or below. The $5 branch note does not have this label. Merchants Bank of St. Louis (branch). Opened late 1859. Still operating in 1865 but probably closed that year. On August 15, 1861, this bank was seized by a battalion of Zouaves under Major John McDonald. General Firmin A. Rozier, president of the branch, was ordered to turn over the bank's money so that it could be taken to St. Louis and deposited in the parent branch. Rozier agreed to do so under condition that he be allowed to accompany the money to St. Louis. This was agreeable to both parties and the money was ultimately turned over to Robert Campbell, president of the St. Louis branch. $5 Same design as parent branch issues. $30,000 of this denomination was in circulation by February 1861. $10 Same design as parent branch issues. $40,000 of this denomination was in circulation by February 1861. $20 Same design as parent branch issues. $24,000 of this denomination was in circulation by February 1861. $50 Same design as parent branch issues. $12,000 of this denomination was in circulation by February 1861. $100 Same design as parent branch issues. $8,000 of this denomination was in circulation by February 1861. (to be continued) ACCOUNTING FOR THE DALLAS "$30" NOTES SPMC member J. Thomas Wills of Woodlands, Tex. has investigated the appearance of the so-called "Dallas $30 notes" (the $20/10 double denomination error on the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas notes) and con- cludes that only 128 were printed. Earlier reports had stated that 160 notes went to the Dallas FRB and 160 to its Houston branch. H. T. Krisak of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing told Wills that 100 notes were recovered and returned to Washington, 44 from Houston and the rest from Dallas. The Dallas shipment was sent back still sealed, so the 28 that remain were originally released in the Houston area. Wills knows of the whereabouts of 12 of these, leaving 16 unaccounted for. In his estimation, these errors will rank with the 1928A $10/5 double denomination Richmond notes of which 12 are known. "Good for Ten lbs. Ice/Worth 20 Cents." Where did this originate? c 4- (7) c.) PCDP, 1/ 1/4- 1 •• TWENTY FIYE CEN Whole No. 78 Page 331 THE UNUNCIVN !FACT -CU By LEONARD H. FINN (From time to time under this title will be printed from the membership. Please address comments to the photographs or identification of notes which have some Editor.) puzzling aspect and about which information is sought "Good For Twenty Cts.", signed by Orendorff (?). Where was he located? Ten Cents on Mudgett & Libby, Stockton, Feb. 20, 1863. Where is Stockton? The back of the note has a slightly different counter than those found on the front. Twenty-five cents in "Bankable Bills"; probably a stock note. More information needed on its origin. Page 332 Paper Money 3 " 4 •/ 4,40.1//// /0, „,/ ,zz r e" 1/4 Figure 1. 25ti note issued by the Florence Bridge Company of Georgia, March 10, 1840. The FLORENCE BRIDGE CO. of Georgia by GARY L. DOSTER and Its Syngraphic Relics In the early 1800s, there were few public bridges and ferries owned and maintained by the State of Georgia. Most were built by private citizens on their own land, by groups of individuals who formed corporations, or con- structed by towns which were located on major water- ways. All charged tolls for passage. Permission to build a bridge or ferry came by an act of the state legislature which also set the amount of toll permitted. One such bridge was located on the Chattahoochee River at Florence, Georgia. Florence was established after the Creek Indians burn- ed the settlement of Roanoke in May, 1836. Roanoke had been an important shipping point on the Chattahoochee River for the citizens of Stewart County. When all danger from the Indians had passed, a new site three miles up- stream was selected and 27 prominent citizens formed a group called the Florence Company for the purpose of lay- ing out and building the town. The town was officially incorporated by the Georgia legislature in 1837, and as it prospered the need for a bridge across the river into,Alabamalaecame increasingly evident. As a result, the Florence Bridge Company was incorporated by an act of the state legislature December 29, 1838. The bill authorized Alexander Burnett, Thomas Gardner, M.J. Lawrence, John D. Pitts, Samuel Thomp- Idns, James B. Brown, A.P. Rood, and all the members of the Florence Company to build a bridge across the Chat- tahoochee River opposite or near the town of Florence. Capital stock was to be $50,000, divided into shares of $100 each, and could be increased to $75,000 if necessary to complete the structure. Its charter permitted the Florence Bridge Company to charge the same toll rates as did the City of Columbus about 35 miles upstream. Although no record could be found of the exact amounts charged in COTniiibus, the rates demanded by several other bridge owners in the Table 1. Some Toll Rates Charged by Various Private Bridge Owners in Georgia in 1838. Stephen Mays' Bridge James Moore's Bridge Augustus Verdery's Bridge Joseph Collins, Jr.'s Bridge across Etowah River across Little across Oustanalla River across Ohoopy (sic) River in Cass County* Ohoopie (sic) River between Macon and in Floyd County in Tatnall County Savannah Roadwagon, team and 50e 37-1/2e loaded He 4 horse He driver empty 37-1/2e 2 horse 25e 4 wheel pleasure carriage 25e 12-1/2e 50e 2 wheel pleasure carriage 25e ** 25e Jersey or other light wagon 25e 12-1/2e 12-1/2¢ Horse or ox cart 25e 12-1/2e — — 12-1/2e Horse and rider 12-1/2e 6-1/4e 12-1/2e 6-1/4e Footman 6-1/4e 6-1/4e Led or loose horse 6-1/4e 4e 6-1/4e 6-1/4e each head cattle 3e — — 2e 2t Each hog, sheep or goat le le 2e * Cass County is no longer extant: bridge probably was located in what is now Bartow County. ** No rate given. Whole No. 78 Page 333 state are offered in Table 1 for comparative purposes. It is assumed that the tolls at Columbus and Florence were similar. Figure 1 depicts a 25i note issued by the Florence Bridge Company, March 10, 1840. Several other denominations most likely were also issued but only one other, a 50i note, is known. These notes were used to make change at the toll booth and undoubtedly circulated as currency and were accepted by local merchants. The piece illustrated was made payable to A.P. Rood and signed by A. Burnett as treasurer and H.W. Jernigan as president. The imprint shows that it was printed by the New England Bank Note Company, Boston. Scores of toll-charging bridges and ferries operated throughout Georgia in the early 18008 and although a number of them probably issued scrip, such is known from only a very few others. The bridge served the community until 1846, at which time it was destroyed by a flood. It was not rebuilt, and in 1848 permission was granted to Allen Hill to build and operate a ferry near where the bridge was located. During its more prosperous days the town attained a population of 1500, but a number of factors were responsible for its later decline, TO twat important single cause was the coming of the ritilivad which crossed the river four miles upstream, resulting in the building of the town of Om...ha. Essentially none of the original settlement remains to- day, it having been absorbed by surrounding farmland. The site of the bridge is covered by waters of the Walter F. George Reservoir. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: Sincere appreciation is extended to Mr. Claud Murphy for furnishing information and to Ms. Donna Wood for typing. REFERENCES Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Georgia passed in Milledgeville November and December, 1837. P.L. Robinson, State Printer, Milledgeville, 1838. Pp. 41-44 and 264. Acts of the General Assembly of the State of Georgia passed in Milledgeville November and December1838. P.L. Robinson, State Printer, Milledgeville, 1839. Pp. 4742. Muscalus, John A. 1977. Album of Georgia Local Business Notes. 43 pp. Historical Paper Money Research Institute, Box 187, Bridgeport,Pa. 19405. Terrill, Helen► Eliza, 195lialistory of 3t4twordgottsty, .Georgia. Section I. Columbus Office Supply Company, Columbus, Georgia. Pp. 293-299. Page 334 Paper Money ERIF,At OF 1F:1\1 -GRAVING & PRINTING COPE PRODUCTION FEDERAL RESERVE NOTES SERIES PRINTED DURING JULY 1978 SERIAL NUMBERS FROM TO ONE DOLLAR QUANTITY SERIES PRINTED DURING AUGUST 1978 SERIAL NUMBERS FROM TO QUANTITY ONE DOLLAR 1977 F 00 640 001 C F 22 400 000 C 21,760,000 1977 E146 720 001 C B 62 720 000 C 16,000,000 1977 F 02 560 001 • F 03 200 000 * 640,000# 1977 B 62 720 001 C B 78 720 000 C 16,000,000 1977 G 01 280001 C G 24 960 000 C 23,680,000 1977 B 03 NO 001 • B 03 840 NO • 640,0000 1977 H 83 200 001 A H 96 640 000 A 13,440,000 1977 D 68 480 001 A D 76 800 000 A 8,320,000 1977 J 98 560 001 A J 99 840 000 A 1,280,000 1977 F 03 200 001 • F 03 840 000 • 640,000# 1977 J 00 000 001 B J 20 480 000 B 20,480,000 1977 G 24 960 001 C G 37 760 000 C 12,800,000 1977 J 03 200 001 • J 03 840 000 • 640,000# 1977 G 03 DO 001 • G 03840 000* 640,000# 1977 K 01 280 001 B K 41 600 000 B 40,320,000 1977 I 20 480 001 A I 39 040 000 A 18,560,000 1977 K 03 200 001 • K 03 840 000 • 640,000# 1977 I 00 640 001 • I 01 280 ON • 640,000 1977 L 81 920 001 B L 99840000 B 17,920,000 1977 L 00 000 001 C L 03 840 000 C 3,840,000 FIVE DOLLARS 1977 G 64 640 001 A G71040000 A 6,400,000 FIVE DOLLARS 1977 J 34 560 001 A J40960 000 A 6,400,000 1977 A 08 960 001 A A 15 360 000 A 6,400,000 1977 K 16 000 001 A K 20 480 000 A 4,480,000 1977 B 45 440 001 A B 58 860 000 A 13,440,000 1977 L 37 760 001 A L 43 520 000 A 5,760,000 1977 B 01 296 001 • B 01 920 000 • 128,000# 1977 D 21 760 001 A D 26 240 000 A 4,480,000 1977 1977 TEN DOLLARS F 07 680 001 A F 24 320 000 A F 00 000 001 • F 00 640 000 • 16,640,000 640,000# 1977 1977 1977 F 35 200 001 A F 40 320 000 A F 00 648 001 • F 01 280 000 • G 71 040 001 A G 75 520 ON A 5,120,000 384,000# 4,480,000 1977 1977 1977 G 48 000 001 A G 58 240 000 A G 03 200 001 • G 03 840 000 • K 16 000 001 A K 20 480 000 A 10,240,000 640,000# 4,480,000 1977 1977 TEN DOLLARS B 40 960 001 A B 65 920 000 A B 01 920 001 • B 02 560 000• 24,960,000 640,000# 1977 B 02 672 001 • B 03 200 NO • 256,000# TWENTY DOLLARS 1977 B 03 200 001 • B 03 840 000 • 640,000# 1977 B 14 720 001 A B 20 480 000 A 5,760,000 1977 C 23 040 001 A C 29 440 000 A 6,400,000 1977 B 00 000 001 • B 00 640 000 • 640,000# 1977 D 18 560 001 A D 25 NO ON A 7,040,000 1977 C 06 400 001 A C 10 880 000 A 4,480,000 1977 G 68 240 001 A G 64 640 000 A 6,400,000 1977 D 05 120 001 A D 10 880 000 A 5,760,000 1977 G 03 840 001 • G 04 480 ON • 640,000# 1977 000640001 • D 01 280 000 • 640,000# 1977 H 10 240 001 A H 17 920 000 A 7,680,000 1977 E 09 600 001 A E 17 280 000 A 7,680,000 1977 G 17 280 001 A G 30 080 000 A 12,800,000 TWENTY DOLLARS 1977 G 00 648 001 • G 01 280 NO • 384,000# 1977 B 20 480 001 A B 32 000 000 A 11,520,000 1977 B 32 000 001 A B 52 480 000 A 20,480,000 1977 B 00 640 001 • 13 01 280 000 • 640,0000 FIFTY DOLLARS 1977 C 10 880 001 A C 14 720 000 A 3,840,000 1974 B 67 840 001 A B 69 760 000 A 1,920,000 1977 D 10 880 001 A D 15 360 000 A 4,480,000 1974 B 01 920 001 • B 01 984 000 • 64,000# 1977 D 16 360 001 A D 21760000 A 6,400,000 1974 C 16 000 001 A C 17 280 000 A 1,280,000 1977 E 17 280 001 A E 23 040 000 A 6,760,000 1977 G 30 080 001 A G 39 680 000 A 9,600,000 ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS 1977 G 01 292 001 • G 01 920 000 • 256,0000 1977 B 00 000 001 A B 05 760 000 A 5,760,000 1977 K 09 600 001 A K 14 720 000 A 5,120,000 1974 B 02 112 001 • B 02 304 000 • 192,000# 1977 L 14 080 001 A L19200 000 A 5,120,000 1977 COO 000 001 A C00640000 A 64,000 1977 L 19 200 001 A L 21 760 000 A 2,660,000 FIFTY DOLLARS 1977 B 00 000 001 A B 03 200 000 A 3,200,000 # Indicates Printing Other Than COPE 1974 B 01 984 001 • B 02 048 000 • 64,000# IN Indicates Correction to Previous Report ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS 1977 G 00 000 001 A G01920000 A 1,920,000 1977 G 01 920 001 A G 02 560 000 A 640,000 1977 G 00 000 001 • G 00 064 000 • 64,000# 1974 I 06 400 001 A 1 07 040 000 A 640,000 # Indicates Printing Other Than COPE ## Indicates Correction to Previous Report /1 A star note is used for the 100,000,000th note in a series since the numbering machines provide for only eight digits. N Indicates Printing Other Than COPE NM Indicates Correction to Previous Report SECKETillff'S HARRY G. WIGINGTON, Secretary EPOET P.O. Box 4082 Harrisburg, PA 17111 Whole No. 78 Page 335 Following the names and addresses of the new members is the coding: C, collectors; D, Dealer. Their collecting specialty then follows the code. NO. NEW MEMBERS 5295 Arthur M. Gayhardt, 6 Belhaven Dr., Balot., Md. 21236; C/D; U. S. Large size note 5296 Michael Welsh, Trean, Tourmakkady, County Mayo, Ireland; C; English Provincial Banks, British Common- wealth Countries (Hongkong & Malta) 5297 James Paul Beachboard, 2718 West Linden Ave., Nash- ville, Tn. 37212;C 5298 Richard P. Jones, P.O. Box 3322, Knoxville, Tn. 37917; C; Small & Large Tenn. National Bank Notes 5299 Wesley B. Blankenship, P.O. Box 5246, Lubbock, Tx. 79417; C 5300 Jerry K. Bryant, 801 N. Liberty St., Spartanburg, S.C. 29303; C 5301 Douglas Guenthner, 1511 So. Monroe, San Angelo, Tx. 76901; C 5302 Robert E. Jones, 13707 Doty Ave., #32, Hawthorne, Ca. 90250; C; U.S. & Old European 5303 Ira S. Friedberg, 393 7th Ave., Room 939, New York, N.Y. 10001; D; 5304 L. Miles Raisig, Rt. #5, Box 19, Laurinburg, N.C. 28352; C; Confederate, Southern States 5305 Bruce H. Hustead, Rte. #2, Box 89C, Middletown, Md. 21769; C/D; Fractional Currency 5306 Randall S. Tingle, R. R. #1, Box 446, Campbellsburg, Ky. 40011; C; Bank notes & Silver notes 5307 George C. Esker, III, 5125 Antonini Dr., Metairie, La. 70002; C; Obsolete U.S. Paper Money, esp. Louisiana 5308 Randall S. Tingle, R.R. #1, Box 446, Campbellsburg, Ky. 40011; C; Bank notes & Silver notes 5309 Richard Birklid, Nome, N.D. 58062; C/D; National notes 5310 Terrill (Terry) Layman, 1197 Blairs Ferry Rd. #16, Marion, Iowa 52302; C; U.S. Fractional Currency, gen- eral U.S., Canada, Australia, & New Zealand 5311 A.L. Follett, Rt. #3, Box 109, Thornton, Tx. 76687; C; Large U.S. notes & Republic of Texas notes 5312 Mark Ferguson, P.O. Box 2584, Oshkosh, WI. 54903; D 5314 Remy Bourne, 65 N.E. 66 Way, Fridley, Minn. 55432; C; Fractional Currency 5315 L & L Coins, Inc., 5500 W 44th St., Denver, Colo. 80212; D 5316 Mike Kennedy, 7217 154th Lane, N.W., Anoka, Minn. 55303; C/D 5317 Richard H. Kalmbach, 5006 Basswood Ct., Columbus, Ga. 31904; C; FRN's-Low Numbers 5318 Richard A. Kelly, 15 Mountfields, Clarendon Rd., Leeds LS29 PQ, England; C; Worldwide Plus U.S. 52 Notes 5319 Jack A. Meeker, 12638 14th Ave. So., Seattle, Wa. 98168; C; U.S. and Foreign topical notes 5320 Earl R. Stewart, 41 Todd Lane, Stamford, Conn. 06905; C; Type notes 5321 Ronald F. Foley, Jr., 73 Laurel St., Fairhaven, Ma. 02719; C; Small & Large type notes-U.S. 5322 Leland 0. Simonson, 6121 Potomac Circle, Columbus, Ga. 31904; C; U.S. Large size notes 5323 Robert Joseph Prasek, P.O. Box 1486, Edinburg, Tx. 78539; D; Republic of Texas notes 5324 James E. Mulken, 1923 8th Ave., Bessemer, Ala. 35020; C; Ala. National & State Notes 5325 John C. Daub, 554 79th Terr. N., Apt. #204, St. Peters- burg, Fla. 33702; C; Large size U.S. Notes 5326 Solomon Bogard, 2420 Sedgwick Ave., Bronx, N.Y. 10468; C; U.S. Paper Money 5327 Carl Camp, P.O. Box 382, Marine, Ill. 62061; C; Large U.S. Paper Money 5328 Jack Osborne, 1013 Happy Dr., Culloden, WV 25510; C; Large Notes 5329 Everett J. Calibani, 12 Fowler Ave., Newport, R.I. 02840; C; Large size notes 5330 Robert H.L. Russell, P.O. Box 406, Palmer, Mass. 01069; C; Mass. Obsolete & Scrip notes 5331 Duane Ranthum, 3132 Greysolon Place, Duluth, Minn. 55812; C; Obsolete paper & Fractional notes 5332 Fred G. Meiswinkel, Jr., 9969 Downing Place, Phila., Pa. 19114; C; Colonial & Continental notes & Large size notes 5333 Thomas R. Lewis, Rt. #3, Box 114, West Jefferson, N.C. 28694; C; Gold Seal Notes 5334 R.D. Hanson, 1009 Paloverde Dr., Loveland, Colo. 80537; C; Silver Certificates J5335 Todd Bernhard, Rt. #1, Box 80, Evergreen Rd., Oxford, Md. 21654; C; Foreign notes 5336 Glenn Watson, Jr., 713 New St., Milford, De. 19963; C: Obsolete & Fractional notes 5337 W.R. Wallace, 2405 Vincinda Circle, Knoxville, Tn. 37914; C; Confederate & Tenn. Obsolete Notes 5338 C. Toney Aid, #1 Court Sq., W. Plains, MO. 65775; C; Mo. & Ark. Obsolete notes 5339 Terry A. Campbell, P.O. Box 26, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada L1H7K8; C; British Commonwealth 5340 Bruce S. Dole, 13000 Libourne Ct., St. Louis, Mo. 63141; D; Large size notes 5341 Ernest H. Morrow, P.O. Box 35807, Houston, Tx. 77459; C; Brazil & General worldwide 5342 Jerry Middendorp, 412 E. Douglas, O'Neill, Neb. 68763: C; Foreign notes 5343 Stuart F. Asay, 360 N. 9th #309, Laramie, Wy. 82070: C/D; U.S. Nationals and large size notes. 5344 Richard C. Perrotte, 2070 Brookview Rd., Castleton, N.Y. 12033; C; All U.S. Currency 5345 Hal C. Cultice, 55 Cardinal Ave., Peru, Ind. 46970; C: U.S. Large & Small Notes 5346 Samuel Frank, 4919 181 Pl. S.W., Lynnwood, Wash. 98036; C: All Currency 5347 Maj. Peter R. Morey, 17602 Kensington Ave., Cerritos, CA. 90701; C; Military Scrip Page 336 5348 Cpt. Jon W. Mabrey, 7392A Gardner Hills, Ft. Campbell, Ky. 42223; C; World Bank Notes 5349 Kenneth B. Jaggears, 605 Crestview Dr., East Gadsden, AL. 35903; C; Confederate, Alabama, Georgia Notes 5350 Seymour D. Trailer, 1205 West 69 Terrace, Kansas City, MO. 64113; C; 5351 John L. Burkard, 119 Dutch Lane, Beckley, W.VA. 25801; C; $1 Bills, and Small Nationals 5352 Wesley L. Watkins, 2209 Marshall Ave., Norfolk, VA., 23504; C; World-wide Notes 5353 John G. Wyndham, 4669 Norwood Rd., Columbia, S.C., 29206; C; World Bank Notes 5354 John G. Humphris, P.O. Box 34, Sidney, Ohio 45365; C/D; Middle East, India, Burma, Ceylon, Central Asia 5355 Sterling A. Rachootin, 13140 Bassett St., No. Holly- wood, CA. 91605; C; Fractional Scrip of the North- Civil War Period 5356 V.A. Mayfield, P.O. Box 9393, Amarillo, Tx. 79105; C; Error Notes 5357 Donald P. Lynch, 642 Town & Country Village, San Jose, CA. 95128; C/D; National Currency - Northern California 5358 William G. Gay, 200 I.V. Willets Rd., Albertson, N.Y., 11507; C; National Bank Notes 5359 Mrs. Robert Prasek, P.O. Box 1486, Edinburg, TX. 78539; D; Paper Money, U.S. Coins & Mexican Coins 5360 Brian G. Kestner, P.O. Box 664, Millbrag, CA. 94030; C; U.S. Paper Money 5361 David L. Wilson, 1320 K St., Apt. B, Anch. Ak. 99501; C; 5362 Jeffrey S. Eckrich, 609 Sixth St., Menasha, WI. 54952; C; U.S. Small Size Notes Foreign Specimens, New Zealand 5363 Mrs. Pearl Michaels, 23 W. 73rd St., N.Y. C., N.Y. 10023; C; Paper Money 5364 Michael Funderburk, 417 Squire Dr., Gainesville, Fla. 32602; C; Fla. Currency 5365 Daniel G. Kabat, 15040 Tourmaline Dr., Reno, NV. 89511; C; 5366 Don J. Hineman, P.O. Box 576, Dighton, KS. 67839; C; Fractional & Obsolete Notes 5367 Eliot Lewiskin, 8208 1st Ave., No. Bergen, NJ. 07041; C; U.S Small Size Currency 5368 James L. Beal, 356 E. North, Dunkirk, IN. 47336; C; Small Size & Obsolete Notes 5369 John G. Cargill, III, 9-5 Copeley Hill, Charlottesville, VA. 22903; C/D; FRN's 5370 David T. Clark, P.O. Box84, Avenel, NJ. 07001; C; 5371 Leo Chosid, 43 Fleetwood Rd., Dumont, NJ. 07628; C; Far East & Middle East 5372 Stephen D. Skromeda, 2344 W. 238th St., Torrance, CA. 90501; C/D; U.S. Large Notes, Ukraine and Canadian Notes 5373 Harry J. Cynkus, 8423 N. 16th Pl., Phoenix, AZ. 85020; C; Fractional & Large Size Notes 5374 Jeff Noe, 827 Wall St. Sta., N.Y.C., N.Y. 10005; C/D; Errors 5375 Albert Cianci, 3036 Fremont, Riverside, CA. 92505; C; U.S. Fractional Currency 5376 Wayne J. Liechty, P.O. Box 97, Kidron, Ohio 44636; C; Fractional Currency 5377 J.P. Brehm, 140 Highland Rd., Chambersburg, Pa. 17201; C; National Bank Notes 5378 Jesse Lipka, P.O. Box 847, Flemington, N.J. 08822; C/D; National Currency 5379 Peter A. Fisher, 206 Juniper St., Mahtomedi, MO. 55115; C; $1 Silver Certificates 5380 Charles T. Leber, Jr., 19 Concord Drive, New City, N.Y. 10956; C; World (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuanian) Paper Money 5381 Bruce R. LaPlante, P.O. Box 3635, Beverly Hills, Calif. 90202; C/D; U.S. 5382 Dr. Frank A. Sanders, 212 Elm St., P.O. Box 854, Conway, S.C. 29526; C/D; S.C. Obsolete 5383 Ted Uhl, P.O. Box 1444, Auburndale, Fla., 33823; C/D; World Banknotes 5384 Howard L. Norton, 12 Ponca St., N. Little Rock, Ark 72116; C/D; Ark. Script 5385 Raymond D. Burns, 4048 Independence Dr., Indian- apolis, IN. 46227; C/D; Indiana broken bank notes 5386 Charles N. Morrison, 264 Highway 35, Eastontown, N.J. 07724; D; 5387 Lyle Henry, 3664 Riverside Plaza, Riverside, CA 92506; C/D; Nationals 5388 David Lisot, Box 3752, Santa Monica, CA 90403; C/D; Canadian, Mexican 5389 Joseph DeFiesta, 4111 N. Pulaski, Chicago, Ill. 60641; C/D; Fractional 5390 Scott Thompson, 3905 Friendship Blvd., Lakeland, Fla. 33081; C; Fla. obsolete U. Star & Radar Note 5391 John E. Herzog, 170 Broadway, New York City, NY 10038; C/D; Stock & Bond Certificates 5392 William H. Lindeman, Rt. 2, Box 172, Baycliff Pl., Chimacum, Wash 98325; C; Large L/T & S/C notes 5393 Charles Alan Hilton, 515 Trolley Line Rd., Graniteville, S.C. 29829; C 5394 Fred L. Mascioni, Rte 219, Limestone, N.Y. 14753; C/D; U.S. Currency (Large Size) 5395 Ted Dykston, 1618 W. Sherwin, Chicago, Ill.; C/D; American & Foreign 5396 A. Chris Gould, 3616 Oak Forest, Houston, TX. 77018; C; Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Notgeld 5397 Tom Ruyle, Box 256, Lake Worth, Fla 33460; C; Large & Small U.S. Notes 5399 Robert P. Zampieri, 5972 Crimson Dr., San Jose, Calif. 95120; C; Vermont Nationals & Obsoletes 5400 Allen M. Young, 2230 E. Ball #218, Anaheim, Ca., 92806; C 5401 B. Gonzalez-White, Ap. Aereo 52864, Medellin-Colombia C/D; Colombia 5402 Agus Halim, P.O. Box 638/Jak, Jakarta-Barat, Indo- nesia; C/D; 5403 W. Mack Martin, P.O. Box 737, Watkinsville, Ga. 30677; C; Georgia Confederate Notes Obsolete Georgia Notes (broken banks) 5404 Anton Swanson, Dyment Ontario, Canada Proviro; C; BOOK PROJECT ROUND-UP by Wendell Wolka Indiana Book Available After Mid-December Good news! The latest volume in the Wismer Update Project will be available about December 15, 1978 at a price of $12.00 to members. Send orders to Harold Hauser, P.O. Box 150, Glen Ridge, NJ 07028. Entitled Indiana Obsolete Notes and Scrip and compiled by Wendell Wolka, Jack Vorhies, and Donald Schramm, this catalogue contains over 300 pages, 330 illustrations and some one thousand individual listings. q Yes! I'm interested in consigning to the 1979 ANA Auction. Please contact me. q I'd like to study New England's long-term history of prices realized. Please send your Auction Summary. I've enclosed $5. Name Address City State Zip Tel. ( Best time to call Mail to: New England Rare Coin Auctions, Dept. A-23, P.O. Box 1776, Boston, MA 02105 1.21. NC or.wrw, 4,141 pis __ England Rare ColnAuGt ons Whole No. 78 Page 337 The 1979 ANA Auction: A Very Special Consignment Opportunity Celebrities draw crowds wherever they go. And in the numismatic field, there's no organization more celebrated than the American Numismatic Association. That's why their auctions have always attracted large groups of eager paper money buyers. And that's why collectors with special currency to sell consign to ANA auctions. They know that a large, eager crowd of bidders, plus the excitement of that special ANA event, add up to high profits for the consignor. New England Rare Coin Auctions: A Very Unique Group of Experts The 1979 ANA Auction is being conducted by New England Rare Coin Auctions. In an astonishingly brief time, New England has built an impressive reputation as an auction company that cares about consignors. They're constantly creating unique, innovative services for their clients. Like their new Auction Summary. It's the only publication that lets a consignor study an auction firm's long-term history of prices realized. Moreover, New England catalogs are noted for their accurate grading and de- tailed paper money descriptions. So fill out the accompanying coupon and mail it to New England. They'll be glad to explain how you can consign to this very spe- cial event! The 1979 ANA Auction in St. Louis — July 28 through August 3 Page 338 Paper Money 1 „„,,""„..,,,,,,„„ moh„...? ,,,,.. mar WANTED: CALIFORNIA national bank notes, all sizes and types. Especially wanted are gold banks, 1st and 2nd charters and uncut sheets. John Heleva, P.O. Box 375, Fair Oaks, California 95628 (78)y OLD STOCK CERTIFICATES! Catalog plus 3 beautiful certi- ficates $2. Also eager to buy any quantity. Ken Prag, Box 531PM, Burlingame, California 94010 (80) Paper Money will accept classified advertising from members only on a basis of 5! per word, with a minimum charge of $1.00. The primary purpose of the ads is to assist members in exchanging, buying, selling, or locating specialized material and disposing of duplicates. Copy must be non-commercial in nature. Copy must be legibly printed or typed, accompanied by prepayment made payable to the Society of Paper Money Collectors, and reach the Editor, Barbara R. Mueller, 225 S. Fischer Ave., Jefferson, WI 53549 by the first of the month preceding the month of issue (i.e., Dec. 1, 1976 for Jan. 1977 issue). Word count: Name and address will count for five words. All other words and abbreviations, figure combinations and initials count as separate. No check copies. 10% discount for four or more insertions of the same copy. Sample ad and word count. WANTED: CONFEDERATE FACSIMILES by Upham for cash or trade for FRN block letters, $1 SC, U.S. obsolete. John Q. Member, 000 Last St., New York, N.Y. 10015. (22 words; $1; SC; U.S.; FRN counted as one word each) NEW JERSEY OBSOLETE (Broken Bank) notes, sheets, scrip and checks wanted for my collection. I have some duplicates for trade. John J. Merrigan Jr. 2 Alexandria Drive, East Hanover, N.J. 07936 (79) SEND TODAY! Next 3 Catalogs. Historical documents, autographs, Civil War, newspapers, Americana. Always Something Unusual for the Specialist. $1. Cohasco, Inc., 321 Broadway, New York 10007 (78) WANTED: VIRGINIA COUNTY obsolete currency and scrip, all Rhode Island Colonial through small Nationals and all Louisiana. Will pay cash. Will Conner, Box 16150-A, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (81) PAY $5.00 EACH for all notes on Timber Cutters Bank, Savan- nah, Georgia in decent condition. Ship for instant check. Thanks. Gary Doster, Rt. 2, Box 18A, Watkinsville, GA 30677 (78) CARDBOARD CIVIL WAR Sutler scrip wanted : Top prices paid for any I need. Also want paper sutler currency and metal sutler tokens. David E. Schenkman, Box 274, Indian Head, MD 20640 (80) I NEED ONE note from each of the following Atlanta National Banks: Charter numbers 1605, 2064, 2424, 5490. Prefer notes in fine or better. Claud Murphy, Box 921, Decatur, GA 30031. (85) WANTED: GEORGIA OBSOLETE currency and scrip. Willing to pay realistic prices. Especially want city, county issues. Also Atlanta Bank, Bank of Athens, Ga. R. R. Banking, Bank of Darien, Pigeon Roost Mining, Monroe R. R. Banking, Bank of Hawkinsville, La Grange Bank, Bank of Macon, Central Bank, Ruckersville Banking Co., Bank of St. Marys, Bank of U.S. Central R. .R., Marine Bank, Cotton Planters Bank, Interior Bank. Also buying proofs. Many other issues wanted. Please write for my wantlist, mailed free. Claud Murphy, Box 921, Decatur, GA 30031 (81) WANTED: NEW YORK National Bank Notes: 1st NB Tarrytown, Ch. No. 634; Irvington NB, Ch. No. 6371; Mt. Vernon NB, Ch. No. 8516; 1st NB Ardsley, Ch. No. 12992. Frank Levitan, 530 Southern Blvd., Bronx, NY 10455. 212-2926800. (80) VIRGINIA NATIONALS WANTED Large or small, especially first and second chapters will buy any small nationals $100.00 and $50.00 any bank any state that I do not have. Write today. Description condition and price wanted Garland Stephens, P.O. Box 243, Wytheville, VA 24382 (78) TENNESEE NATIONALS WANTED, especially First and Second Charter, Red Seals, also small nationals. Large inventory for trade. Top prices paid. Jasper D. Payne, 304 A St., Lenoir City, TN 37771 (80) CURRENCY MAIL BID (monthly) Nationals, large, small, types. Over 350 notes. Many C.U.'s. Free list. ANA, SPMC, BRNA, PMCM. Ed's Currency, Box 7295, Lo7isville, KY 40207. (82) WANTED BADLY the following back issues of Paper Money": Whole numbers 1 thru 13, also Number 16. Please price and I'll let you know. Claud Murphy Jr., Box 921, Decatur, GA 30031 (78) MISSOURI CURRENCY WANTED: large size Nationals, obso- lete notes and bank checks from St. Louis, Maplewood, Clayton, Manchester, Luxemburg, Carondelet and St. Charles. Ronald Horstman, Rt. 2, Gerald, MO 63037 (83) RAILROAD, LUMBER OR coal mine scrip: Collector wants offers of either paper or metal scrip. Donald Edkins, 48B Second St., Framingham, MA 01701. (86) INDIANA NATIONALS WANTED Describe and advise price. Have Nationals and other notes to trade. Mike Kennedy, 7217 154th Lane, N.W., Anoka, MN 55303 (79) WANTED: NOTES AND associated material on New Hope or Taylorsville Delaware Bridge Co., Washington's Crossing. Robert W. Ross III, Box 765, Wilmington, DE 19899 (81) WANTED: THE FOLLOWING back issues of "Paper Money", whole numbers 1 thru 13, numbers 16 and 40, numbers 61 thru 66. Please indicate price and condition. Joseph J. Adamski, 15365 Old Bedford Trail, Mishawaka, IN 46544 SPRINKLE HAS RARE proof notes available from N.Y., Pennsylvania, N.J., Ohio, Rhode Island, Kentucky. Frank Sprinkle, Box 864, Bluefield, WV 24701 WANTED: F70, F97, F109, F130, F139 in any collectable condition. George A. Flanagan, Box 191, Babylon, NY 11702 (92) NEW JERSEY OBSOLETE (Broken Bank) notes, sheets, scrip and checks wanted for my collection. I have some duplicates for trade. John J. Merrigan Jr., St. Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ 07039 (79) Pew 3toep National Bank Currency Zazuurazi We are interested in small and large nationals of these towns in Bergen county . Allendale Bergenfield Bogota Carlstadt Cliffside Park Closter Dumont Engelwood Edgewater Fairview Fort Lee Garfield Glen Rock Hackensack Hillsdale Leonia Little Ferry Lodi Lyndhurst North Arlington Palisades Park Park Ridge Ridgefield Ridgefield Park Ridgewood Rutherford Ramsey Teaneck Tenafly Westwood Wyckoff West Englewood CaMern coin (Excbange 31nc. ANA LM 709 PH. 201,342-8170 74 Anderson Street Hackensack, N.J. 07 601 Whole No. 78 Page 339 WANTED: PENNSYLVANIA NATIONALS: Small — Nurem- berg, 12563; Hegins, 9107; Tower City, 14031; Minersville, 423; Pottsville $50, 649; Millersville, 9259. Large — Auburn, 9240; Wayne, 12504. Robert Gillespie, 433 Surrey Dr., Lancaster, PA 17601. (80) SELLING MY DUPLICATES of Alabama Nationals. Buying those I don't have. My list for yours. Want Roy Montana National. A.L. Kropp, Jr., Suite 415, First National Bank Bldg., Tuscaloosa, AL 35401 WANTED: NEW JERSEY Nationals from Monmouth County for personal collection. Charter Nos. 445*, 2257, 3164*, 3451, 3792, 4119, 4138, 4147, 4535*, 5363, 5403, 5730*, 5926, 6038, 6440, 6673, 7223*, 10110*, 10224*, 10376, 11553, 13848, 14177. Asterisk means Large only. Please quote grades and prices. Irving Carol, 58 Lennox Ave., Rumson, NJ 07760 (81) NATIONAL CURRENCY WANTED from western states. Top prices paid for choice and rare notes. Contact Richard Dixon, P.O. Box 39, Wendover, UT 84083. (86) Interest Noted on Interest Note A $10 U.S. Treasury Note issue-dated March 25, 1815, and issued to help pay the outstanding indebtedness caused by the War of 1812 was the opening lot in William P. Donlon's final mail bid sale. The optional 7% Interest Bearing Note was estimated at $350, but was bid to nearly three times that figure, an even $1,000. SPINKS PROSELYTES STAMP COLLECTORS During the first half of 1978, the prominent numismatic firm of Spinks & Son, Ltd., London, took out full-page advertisements in all major British philatelic magazines seeking to interest stamp collectors in paper money. Using the slogan "It's time stamp collectors took money seriously," they displayed such items of dual interest as the Great Britain 1914 Treasury note for 10 shillings printed on ordinary stamp paper; the Ceylon 1942 emer- gency 5.i note depicting and 3(i stamps; a Swedish Ore- bro Enskilda Bank 10 kroner 1882 specimen note with Waterlow & Son seal; and a perforated sheet of 1920 Greek state notes. According to the ad copy, "At Spink we find that many stamp collectors are keen banknote collectors, too. They regard them as equally fascinating but excitingly different subjects." Page 340 Paper Money UNIQUE IS NEAT!!! Presumed UNIQUE 25d B.M. Jones & Co, Trade Note, (circa 1880's) Will be the plate note in upcoming book on Oklahoma by M. Burgett. Conservatively graded VG reasonably priced at $1250.00 Presumed UNIQUE Unlisted $2 note on a very rare Canadian bank. Dtd May 1, 1852 this Prince Edwards Island note is also a New-York cross-over. Accurately graded G/VG a museum piece only 2750.00 * * * * Of course my inventory includes many other rarities not quite as expensive. Remainders, Proofs, College & Trade Scrip, CSA, Canadian Non-Negotiables, and what I term "Exo-Syngraphia". A few samples are listed below: CSA Type 5 $100 Abt. VF $105.00 CSA Type 6 $50 Abt. VF 85.00 CSA T53 (385) $5 AU-CC 35.00 Heath Bond Detector — RARE 925.00 ARK. — $1 Little Rock Cert. of Indebtedness (Note) RAG 35.00 D.C. — $500 real estate Note VG 85.00 IDAHO TERR. — $5 Coeur D'Alene Water Supply Co. AU+ 225.00 KANSAS — $1 Treas. of City of Leavenworth AU Uns 250.00 $1, 5 or 10 Union Military Scrip, Topeka AU 49.00 ILL: KY Crossover — Ill. Exporing Mining & Mfg., Jackson CU-Unc 89.00 LOUISIANA — $5 State of Louisiana (#25) reconstructed sheet s/n 17967 A-D (No. before Criswell's plate note) CU-CC 350.00 MINN. — $1 or $2 Ramsey County Bank, St. Paul (Rockholt #21 & 22-R7) Choice Proof 325.00 ea. Largest stock of "MINNESOTA" in the country — and always an anxious buyer! MONTANA — 8 different state & territorial warrants . . . 29.00 to 99.00 each NEB. — $2 Treas. of city of Lincoln F (chip) 200.00 PENNSY. — $20 Kensington Bank, Phila. Ch. Proof 225.00 UTAH — $1 or $2 Drovers Bank, S.L.C. AU 275.00 ea. $3 same (rough) GD 95.00 WISCONSIN — $5 Chippawa Bank, Pepin AF(wrn off) 75.00 - Central & Western State Notes Wanted — One Or Whole Collections - THE CURRENCY EXCHANGE BOX 326 ANOKA, MN 55303 (612) 757-5878 SP1NK & SON. LTD. 5. 0 Sr 7 KING STREET ST JAMES S LONDON. SWIY 60S ASO SS sZ.U/S1(){. SY, rr -ZEIRLAND SYDNEY. AUSTRAL, H Melnick 265 Sunrise County Federal Suite 53Rockville Centre LI NY 11570 MrDear Melnick Thank you for y of 14th July our lett and the enclosed cheque include for the note we d er in your recent Maryland Historical Sale. lie delightedare with te resul t of this ann we shall most certainly send you moreh material, for future auctions. Again thank you for your kind' ,sistance in this matter. Whole No. 78 Page 341 WHAT MORE CAN WE SAY? May we discuss with you the proper disposition of your collection. Write or call Herb Melnick today. (516/764-6677-78). NASCA NUMISMATIC AND ANTIQUARIAN SERVICE CORPORATION OF AMERICA 265 Sunrise Highway, County Federal Bldg., Suite 53 Rockville Centre, LA., New York 11570 516/764-6677-78 George W. Ball, Chairman of the Board F1300 550.00 F1344 125.00 F1301 23.00 F1345 60.00 F1303 23.00 F1346 60.00 F1307 23.00 F1347 40.00 F1308 13.00 F1348 100.00 Fl 309 13.00 F1349 45.00 50 CENT NOTES F1350 50.00 F1310 70.00 F1351 450.00 F1311 80.00 F1352 625.00 F1312 50.00 F1353 475.00 F1313 100.00 F1354 500.00 F'1316 30.00 F1355 50.00 50 CENT NOTES F1356 70.00 F1317 30.00 F1357 250.00 F1318 30.00 50 CENT NOTES F1320 55.00 F1358 40.00 F1321 65.00 F1359 80.00 F1322 60.00 F1360 40.00 F1324 40.00 F1361 45.00 F1325 110.00 F1362 28.00 F1326 45.00 F1363 85.00 F1327 45.00 F1364 30.00 F1328 60.00 F1365 40.00 Fl 329 85.00 F1366 40.00 F1330 1100.00 F1367 95.00 F1331 20.00 F1368 45.00 F1332 60.00 F1369 50.00 F1333 25.00 F1370 100.00 F1334 25.00 F1371 200.00 F1336 65.00 F1372 110.00 F1337 50.00 F1373 115.00 F1338 55.00 F1374 75.00 F1339 30.00 F1375 75.00 F1340 65.00 F1376 45.00 F1341 40.00 F1379 40.00 F1342 45.00 F1380 25.00 F1343 40.00 FI381 23.00 We need and are buying proofs and specimens or essays of the fractional currency and experimental, trial and freak notes, errors. We need pairs, strips, blocks, packs, sheets and shields gray-pink-green. If you have some you would like to sell you can just ship it with price or we will make an offer. CONTINENTAL CURRENCY VG plus pay . . 8.00 COLONIAL CURRENCY VG plus pay 6.00 CONFEDERATE FINE OR BETTER . . . 1.00 BROKEN BANK NOTES CU 1.00 WE NEED CIR NOTES -VG OR BETTER Fl 13-122 30.00 Ten dollar Bison F271 -281 25.00 Five dollar Chief F747-780 18.00 Two dollar Battleship F2300 HAWAII ONE DOLLAR CH CU . . . . . 8.00 VG 2.00 COIN-A-RAMA CITY 13304 INGLEWOOD AVE. HAWTHORNE, CALIF. 90250 PHONE 213-679-9151 Page 342 Paper Money WANTED TO BUY PAPER MONEY We are in need of some choice CU notes. CU only, no folds, pinholes, bad spots, or too far off-center, etc. We have been at the same location for over 14 years but it has just been the last few months that we have been trying to build up our inventory of U.S. paper money and we need your help and will pay for it. When shipping to us wrap it well, send it registered mail for the value and a return receipt will tell you the day we receive it. Please ship it with an invoice and your phone number. All notes listed by F366-368 . . . 800.00 5 CENT NOTES Friedberg are buy F369-371 . . . 400.00 F1228 45.00 prices are for choice CU NATIONAL BANK F1229 50.00 notes. NOTES F1230 20.00 F380-386 . . 475.00 F1231 60.00 LEGAL TENDER F387-393 . .1350.00 F1232 28.00 NOTES F394-408 . . 575.00 F1233 28.00 F16-17 270.00 1-409-423 800.00 F1234 28.00 F18 260.00 F424-439 • • • 850.00 F1235 50.00 F19-27 120.00 F466-478 . 160.00 F1236 50.00 F28-30 70.00 F479-492 • • 175.00 F1237 65.00 F34-35 120.00 F493-506 • • • 300.00 F1238 20.00 F36-39 38.00 F507-518 650.00 F1239 30.00 F40 85.00 F519-531 • • • 750.00 10 CENT NOTES F41-41a 425.00 F532-538 • • • 250.00 F1240 42.00 F43-49 160.00 F539-548 275.00 F1241 50.00 F50-52 110.00 F549-557 375.00 F1242 25.00 F53 56 140.00 F558-565 650.00 Fl 243 60.00 F57-60 58.00 F573-575 550.00 F1244 20.00 F61-63 250.00 F576-579 650.00 F1245 20.00 F64 220.00 F580-585 700.00 F1246 23.00 F65-69 160.00 F587-594 80.00 F1247 30.00 F70-72 125.00 F595-597 180.00 F1248 500.00 F73 82 110.00 F598-612 . 70.00 F1249 50.00 F83-92 58.00 F61 3-620 95.00 F1251 30.00 F93 400.00 F621-623 . . 220.00 F125 7 35.00 F94-95 400.00 F624-638 80.00 F1253 55.00 F97-99 300.00 F639-646 110.00 F1254 70.00 F100-102 200.00 F647-649 300.00 F1255 20.00 Fl 03-1 13 200.00 F650-663 11o.00 F1256 25.00 F114-122 350.00 F647-649 300.00 F1257 20.00 F123 900.00 F650-663 110.00 F1258 20.00 F124-126 700.00 F664-671 275.00 F1259 20.00 F130-147 260.00 F675-685 250.00 F1261 20.00 F155-164 . . . 850.00 F686-694 400.00 F1264 30.00 SILVER F698-707 385.00 F1265 14.00 CERTIFICATES FEDERAL RESERVE F1266 14.00 F215-223 • . . 200.00 BANK NOTES 15 CENT NOTES F224-225 • . . 265.00 F708-746 . . . 50.00 F1267 50.00 F226-227 • . . . 60.01) F747-780 . . . 135.00 F1268 50.00 F228-236 • . . . 45.00 F781-809 . . 125.00 F1269 50.00 F237-239 • . . 25.00 F810-821 . . . 625.00 F1271 50.00 F240-244 • . . 280.00 FEDERAL RESERVE 25 CENT NOTES F245-246 • . . 500.00 NOTES F1279 65.00 F247-248 • . . 600.00 F832-843 . . . 100.00 F1280 75.00 F249-258 . . . 140.00 F844-891 .. . . 35.00 F1281 45.00 F259-265 • . . 900.00 F892-903 . . 130.00 F1282 100.00 F266-267 • . . 400.00 F904-951 . . . . 40.00 F1283 25.00 F268-270 • .. 950.00 F952-963 . . . 150.00 F1284 30.00 F271-281 • . . 250.00 F964-1011 . 55.00 F1285 30.00 F282 320.00 F1024-1071 140.00 F1286 30.00 F287-289 . 750.00 F1084-1131 . . 24)1.00 F1287 35.00 F291-297 • 500.00 GOLD F1288 35.00 F298-304 • 350.00 CERTIFICATES F1289 55.00 F317-322 • 450.00 F1167-1173 . . 110.00 F1290 60.00 F330-335 . . . 800.00 F1179-1187.. 175.00 F1291 40.00 TREASURY OR F1198-1200 . . 375.00 F1292 40.00 COIN NOTES F1203-1215 . . 600.00 F1293 . . 40.00 F347-349 . . . 475.00 F1294 . . . 30.00 F350-352 . . . 165.00 FRACTIONAL F1295 30.00 F353-355 . . . 750.00 CURRENCY F1296 30.00 F356-358 . . 320.00 3 CENT NOTES F1297 50.00 F359-361 . . 700.00 F1226 20.00 F1298 80.00 F362.365 . . . 400.00 F1227 35.00 F1299 400.00 Whole No. 78 Page 343 NATIONAL BANK DATA The most important investment the intelligent collector can make is in his library. This is especially true for the collector of national bank notes. I am offering the comprehensive statistical breakdowns for all the national banks. Organized by state, these sheets detail by charter period, type, denomination, and serial number the exact number of notes issued by each institution. Also listed are the latest available circulation figures for both large and small size notes outstanding on each bank. By offering this material at prices significantly lower than I've seen advertised from any other source I hope to encourage a wider distribution of this valuable data in the collector community. Alaska $3.00 Louisiana $12.00 Oklahoma $39.00 Alabama $15.00 Maine $15.00 Oregon $15.00 Arkansas $15.00 Maryland $17.50 Pennsylvania $49.00 Arizona $5.00 Massachusetts $32.50 Puerto Rico $5.00 California $17.50 Michigan $29.00 Rhode Island $12.50 Colorado $15.00 Minnesota $32.50 South Carolina $10.00 Connecticut $15.00 Mississippi $5.00 South Dakota $20.00 Delaware $3.00 Missouri $25.00 Tennessee $20.00 D.C. $5.00 Montana $15.00 Texas $40.00 Florida $15.00 Nebraska $29.00 Utah $7.00 Georgia $15.00 Nevada $5.00 Vermont $14.00 Hawaii $3.00 New Hampshire $10.00 Virginia $17.00 Idaho $15.00 New Jersey $30.00 Washington $16.00 Illinois $42.50 New Mexico $7.50 West Virginia $19.00 Indiana $25.00 New York $42.50 Wisconsin $19.00 Iowa $29.00 North Carolina $15.00 Wyoming $9.00 Kansas $29.00 North Dakota $19.00 Kentucky $19.00 Ohio $30.00 Paper Money of the United States by Friedberg NEW 9th edition 13.50 These breakdowns are an essential tool for the serious investor or dedicated collector. Even some relatively common banks have scarce issues within a particular type of note. Conversely, some banks with a low total out- standing figure may have notes which are suprisingly available if their issue was concentrated within a part- icular charter period or type. These data sheets will make it possible for you to recog- nize the true rarity of material you may wish to consider acquiring for your collection. By enabling you to avoid even a single overpriced note, or to obtain one unrecog- nized rarity, this is an investment which will pay for it- self. Your order for one or more states will receive my prompt attention. All prices include delivery. Also offered are two informative books: Central States National Banks Notes by Counties by C.E. Hilliard $25.00 For the collector specializing in this region the author lists national banks by county for Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, Min- nesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. National Banks of the United States 1863-1935 by Robert Ramsey and Robert Polito $39.00 Normally retailing for $45.00 this recent work is a valuable supplement to the full data sheets. Next to the complete data sheets it is the most detailed compilation of national bank statistics available. The specialist might want to consider acquiring the data sheets for the states of his particular interest and this work as a general reference source for all other states. Kevin S. Foley Box 589 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 If you are not on our mailing list, write today for your free copy of our latest 48 Page offering of notes, and send us your WANT LIST. CONFEDERATE AND SOUTHERN STATES CURRENCY LATEST EDITION (19761, (Autographed if You Wish ) Revised, 300 Pages, Hard Bound. $15 Phone AC 904 685-2287 ROUTE 2 BOX 1085 CRISWELL'S FT. McCOY, FL 32637 OVER R ElE DECADES As America's Largest Dealer in Obsolete Currency Means Very Simply That .. . own CMS CAN HELP YOU BUY OR SELL! ELL FLORIDA NOTES WANTED ALL SERIES Also A Good Stock Of Notes Available P.O. BOX 1358 WARREN HENDERSON VENICE, FLA. 33595 WANTED OBSOLETE PAPER MONEY liA44?0EN MOHAVE CO.ARI -IONA. ,— /Pte Ibp Ile/et•or QAIMEZEUMak .11rreliandim■ al oar Store, (Bank Notes, Script, Warrants, Drafts) of the AMERICAN WEST Oregon, California, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Montana, New Mexico, Colorado, Dakota, Deseret, Indian, Jefferson Territories! Casn paid, or fine Obsolete Paper traded. Have Proof notes from most states, individual rarities, seldom' seen denominationals, Kirtlands, topicals; Colonial, Continental; CSA, Southern States notes and bonds. Also have duplicate West- ern rarities for advantageous trade. JOHN J. FORD, JR. P.O. DRAWER 706, ROCKVILLE CENTRE, N.Y. 11571 Page 344 Paper Money Whole No. 78 Page 345 $3 OBSOLETE BANKNOTE AUCTION An outstanding auction selection from one of the largest collections of $3 denomination banknotes ever assembled. Prices are certain to rise on these ever-popular $3 banknotes. Estimates and grading are conservative. Lot # Estimate 912 CT Southport Bank, Southport. 1857. F $23 913 CT Saybrook Bank, Essex. 1858. G+ 20 914 CT City Bank of New Haven, New Haven. 1865. AU 22 915 CT Eastern Bank, West-Killingly. 1852. VF 25 916 CT Bank of New-England at Goodspeed's Landing, East Haddam. 18 . U 23 917 CT Middletown Bank, Middletown. 1856. G. Somewhat dark. 18 918 CT Stonington Bank, Stonington. 18 . AU. Stains upper half . . . 20 919 DC Potomac River Bank, Georgetown. 1856. Slightly dark, chinks. G 18 920 FL Bank of Pensacola, Pensacola. 1840. F-VF 40 921 FL State of Florida, Tallahassee. 1861. VG 35 922 GA Columbus Iron Works (Bank of Columbus). 1862. F 30 923 GA Columbus Iron Works (Bank of Columbus). Rare Error "Octobea" 1862. F 40 924 GA Bank of Macon, Macon. 1831. F 40 925 IL Bank of Cairo, Kaskaskai. 1837. VG 25 926 IN Indiana Manufacturing Co., Lexington. TERRITORIAL. 1815. U 50 927 IN Indiana Coal Bank, Petersburg. 1858. AF 30 928 IN Bank of Vincennes, Wabash, 1810. EF 40 929 IA Dubuque Central Improvement Co., Dubuque. 1857. F-VF 30 930 KY Farming & Commercial Bank of Carlisle, Carlisle, 1819 (EARLY KY). EF 35 931 KY Bank of Kentucky, Newport. 1853. Small portions of note missing. G+ 23 932 KY Bank of Georgetown, George Town. 1818. (EARLY KY). VG+ . . 30 933 LA Parish of St Mary, Franklin. 1862. AU 28 934 LA Magee & George, New Orleans. 1862. EF. (NASCA SALE $90) . . . 80 935 LA Vicksburg, Shreveport & Texas RR Co., Monroe. 1862. VG 40 936 LA J.N. Bradford & Co. New Orleans. 1862. VF 50 937 LA Parish of I berville, Plaquemine, 1862. VF+ 30 938 LA City of New Orleans, New Orleans. 1868. (VERY SCARCE DATE). VF+ 60 939 ME Frontier Bank, Eastport. 1852. Small tear. F 35 940 ME Hancock Bank, Ellsworth. 1854. (Three Gold Dollars Illus.) AF . . 32 941 ME Ship Builders Bank, Rockland. 1853. F 35 942 MD American Bank, Baltimore. 1863. (Attractive note). F-VF 36 943 MD Somerset & Worcester Savings Bank, Salisbury. 1863. U 30 944 MA Merchants Bank, Lowell. 1856. F-VF 28 945 MA Lafayette Bank, Boston. 1836. F-VF 35 946 MA Marblehead Bank, Marblehead. 1845. F 40 MI (See lots 995 through 998 for Michigan notes) 947 MS Miss. Central RR Co., Holly Springs. 1862. Small tears. VG 30 948 MS State of Mississippi, Macon. 1864. U 28 949 NE Corn Exchange Bank, Desoto. 1860. NEBRASKA TERRITORY. VG 40 950 NE Waubeek Bank, Desoto. 1857. NEBRASKA TERRITORY. VG+ . . 35 951 NJ Franklin Bank, Jersey City. 1827. VG+ 30 952 NJ Hoboken Banking and Grazing Co., Hoboken. 1827. VF 30 953 NJ State Bank of Trenton, Trenton. 1825. Small lower patch. F . . . 25 954 NJ Merchants Bank, Trenton. 1861. (Attractive black & green). F+ 33 955 NJ Monmouth Bank, Freeholo. 1825. VG+. Small replacement patch 30 956 NJ State Bank at Camden, Camden. 1862. Very small corner missing VG 32 957 NJ Salem & Phila. Manufg. Co., Salem. 1829. EF 35 958 NJ State Bank of New Brunswick, New Brunswick. 18 Beautiful. U 28 959 NY Chemical Bank, N.Y. 18??. Three old repaired tears. Interesting 22 960 NY Greene County Bank, Catskill. 1822. AU 35 961 NY Franklin Bank, N.Y., 1822. Very small tears, hardly noticeable. VG 34 962 NY Mechanics' Bank, N.Y. 1819. Marked "counterfeit, X". VF-EF 30 Lot # Estimate 963 NY Mechanics' Bank, N.Y. 1819. Not a counterfeit. Slight fraying. G+ 28 964 NY Mechanics' & Farmers Bank. 1821. Extremely interesting note. Unfortunately, 20% of the note is missing. G-VG 22 965 NY Bank of Troy, Troy. 1819. Some paper disturbance. G+ 20 966 NH Exeter Bank, Exeter. 1855. Pinholes. Attractive Note. VG 28 967 NC Bank of Washington, Washington. 1861. Beautiful! F 45 968 NC Bank of Cape Fear, Wilmington. G-VG. Outstanding Title 50 969 NC Bank of Wadesborough, Wadesborough. 1860. Beautiful Note! F-VF 50 970 OH Lebanon Miami Banking Co. 1841. G-VG. Pinholes 22 971 OH Manhattan Bank, Manhattan. 1839. F-VF 35 972 OH Bank of Norwalk, (Norwalk). 1846. Attractive. Two small tears. VG+ 32 973 PA City of Phila., Phila. (City Loan). 1837. VG+ 35 974 PA Farmers and Mechanics Bank of Fayette Cty. Penna, New Salem. 1817. Attractive large eagle. EF 30 975 PA Harmony Institute, Harmony. 1817. U 32 976 RI National Bank, Providence. 1855. VF+ 35 977 RI Commercial Bank, Providence. 1846. Excellent contemporary altered note from an Mich. bank. One inch tear and skinned edge, still an interesting and attractive note. VG 25 978 RI Farmers Bank, Wickford. 1853. VF-EF 32 979 RI Farmers Exchange Bank, Glocester. Early 1806 Date! VG+ 40 980 SC South Caroline RR, Charleston. 1871. Small PC's. Signed, numbered and dated. Rare thus. VG-F 30 981 TN Bank of Chattanooga, Chattanooga, 1862. PC. VG 27 982 TN Mechanics Bank, Memphis. 1854. EF. Attractive 30 983 TN Farmers & Merchants Bank. 1854. VF 32 984 TN Exchange Bank, Murfreesboro. 1852. G-VG 30 985 TN Bank of East Tennessee, Knoxville. 1855. VF 32 986 VT Danby Bank, Danby. 1856. Nice Note. VG+ 28 987 VT Windsor Bank, Windsor. 1837. Ink stain on back. VF+ 37 988 VT White River Bank, Bethel. 1853. VG+ 30 989 VT Vermont Glass Factory, Salisbury. 1814. F-VF 28 990 VT Bank of Orleans, Irasburgh. 1851. F+ 26 991 WI City of Hudson, Hudson. 18 AU. Attractive and Rare! 55 992 WI Bank of Watertown, Watertown. 1863. Attractive AU+ 45 993 Canada Colonial Bank of Canada, Toronto. 1859. Orange & Black. AU 45 994 Bid on above $3 Note Collection Lots 912 through 993. 82 Lots 995 MI Collins Iron Works, Marquette. 1873. VG. Scarce 45 996 MI Erie & Kalamazoo RR Bank, Adrian. 1854. Small tears. G-VG . . . 22 997 MI Adrian Insurance Co., Adrian. 1853.4 Inch RR viginette. AU . . . 17 998 MI Oakland County Bank, Pontiac. 1843. Attractive. U 40 All of the above lots are $3 denomination notes. Closing date: two weeks after receipt of this edition of "Paper Money". No commission charges to buyers. All lots will be invoiced prior to shipment. Postage, handling and insurance: 1.5% of invoice total (Minimum $1). Xerox copies of notes will be sent without charge to interested bidders who furnish SASE's. First National Banknote Lawrence Falater - SPMC - ANA LIFE #307 BOX 81, ALLEN, MICHIGAN 49227 Page 346 Paper Money LARGE SIZE NATIONAL CURRENCY $20 SAN FRANCISCO CROCKER FNB, CA 3ch DB dirty P3555 VF 75.00 $5 BRIDGEPORT FNB, CT 3ch DB N 335 VF 85.00 $10 BURLINGTON FNB, IA 3ch PB M 351 VF 65.00 $5 BALTIMORE CITIZENS NB, MD 3ch PB E1384 EF 75.00 $5 BALTIMORE NAT MARINE BK, MD 3ch PB no sips 2453 F 50.00 $10 SAINT CLOUD FNB, MN 3ch PB M2790 VF 75.00 $5 NEVADA FNB, MO 3ch PB 3959 VF 75.00 $20 ST JOSEPH FNB, MO 3ch DB rep M4939 VF 60.00 $5 RENO FARMERS & MERCHANTS 3ch PB P7038 F 595.00 $20 RENO FARMERS & MERCHANTS 3ch PB std ph 7038 F 600.00 $20 ELKO FNB, NV 3ch PB 7743 F 900.00 $5 RENO RENO NB, NV 3ch PB 8424 F 550.00 $20 RENO RENO NB, NV 3ch PB P8424 VF 750.00 $100 RENO RENO NB, NN 3ch PB 8424 EF1500.00 $5 ATLANTIC CITY BROADWALK NB, NJ 3ch PB 8800 VF 85.00 $10 BINGHAMTON FNB, NY 3ch PB E 202 F 65.00 $20 DU BOIS DEPOSIT NB, PA 3ch PB $9150 out E5019 F 150.00 $10 PITTSBURGH MELLON NB, PA 3ch PB E6301 EF 75.00 $20 PITTSBURGH UNION NB, PA $38570 out E 705 VF 95.00 SATISFACTION GUARANTEED — Prompt refund on any item returned within 10 days. California residents please add 6% sales tax. $2.00 postage on all orders. WE ARE INTERESTED IN PURCHASING CURRENCY COLLECTIONS. THANK YOU. TOM WASS P.O. Box 1735 Beverly Hills, CA 90213 213-474-0700 Wanted To Buy, Georgia Obsolete Currency The following is my want list of Georgia obsolete currency. I will pay competitive and fair prices for any Georgia notes. I will buy virtually any Georgia note, so if you have anything Georgia please write, or send for offer, subject of course to your approval. I also sell duplicates. I am working on a book listing Georgia obsolete cur- rency, and will appreciate any help, if you have unusual or rare Georgia notes. ALBANY Ocmulgee & Flint River Railroad, any note. Western Bank of Georgia (Branch), any note. AMERICUS City Council of Americus, any note. Warehouse Insurance & Deposit Co., any note. ATHENS Bank of Athens, any note. Bank of the State of Georgia, (BRANCH). $50.00, $100.00. Georgia R.R. & Banking Co., any note. ATLANTA Alabama Insurance Co., 54 254, 754, $1.00, $2.00, $3.00. Atlanta Bank, any note. These are rare and I will pay high. Atlanta Insurance Co., any note. Atlanta & West Point R.R., any note. Ga. R.R. Bank Agency, any note. Bank of Fulton, almost any note, especially $10.00, $20.00, $50.00 & $100.00. City of Atlanta, any note, except de- pression scrip of 1930's. Livery Stable, any note. Western & Atlantic R.R., 54, 100, 250 & 500 SERIAL LETTER K. Western Bank of Ga., (BRANCH), any note. AUGUSTA Augusta Insurance & Banking Co., any note payable "AT THE AGENCY IN Augusta R.R. & Banking Co., any note. Bank of Augusta, any note pre-1824. Bank of Brunswick (BRANCH), any note. Bank of Darien (BRANCH), any note. Bank of the State of Ga., (BRANCH), $50.00, $100.00. Bank of the United States (BRANCH, RARE) pay high, any note, also CONTEMPORARY COUNTERFEITS. Bridge Co. of Augusta, any frac- tional; $1.00, $2.00, $3.00, $50.00, $100.00. Change Co. of Ga., any note. City of Augusta, any note. City Bank, 54, 500, $20.00, $50.00, $100.00. City Council of Augusta, 61/44, 100, 121/44, $5.00, $10.00; any note over $10.00. Augusta Clearing House Associa- tion, (1907) $1.00, $2.00, $5.00. $20.00. Confederate Exchange, any note, Farmers & Mechanics Bank, any note. Ga. R.R. & Banking Co., any note including contemporary counter- feits. Mechanics Bank, 54; 500, "BLACK- SMITH"; $500.00, $1,000.00, also notes reading "will pay to or order at Merchants and Planters Bank, any note. Union Bank, $500.00. AURARIA Bank of Darien (Branch), any note. PIGEON ROOST MINING CO. (RARE AND WORTH A LOT), any note. BAINBRIDGE Brunswick Exchange Bank (Branch), any note. W.S. BIUHL (SCRIP), any note. Merchants Bank, any note. Decatur County, any note. Southern Bank, any note. (Also alter- ed notes.) BRUNSWICK Brunswick & Albany R.R., $1.00, $2.00. Exchange Bank, any note. City of Brunswick, $1.00. City Council of Brunswick, any note. Commercial Bank of Brunswick, any note. CAHUTAH Savings Bank of Cahutah, $1.00, $3.00, and any GENUINELY SIGNED. CALHOUN Individual's scrip, any note. CAMPBELLTON Campbell County, any note. CARROLTON Merchant's & Planters Bank, any note, Particularly Genuinely signed. CASSVILLE Monroe R.R. & Banking Co. (Branch), any note. CLINTON Scrip, any note. COLUMBUS Agency, Bank of the State of Ga., (actually Scrip, payable at the bank to bearer), any note. Bank Of Chattahoochee, any note. Bank of Chattahoochee County, any note. Bank of Columbus, almost any frac- tionals, $50.00, $100.00, $500.00. Bank of St. Marys (BRANCH), — (some issued from APPALACHI- COLA, Fla., & payable at Colum- bus), any note. Tom Brassill, any note. Chattahoochee R.R. & Banking Co., any note. City Council of Columbus, any note. City of Columbus, any note, Columbus armory, any note. Columbus Iron Works, — There are many varieties, need quite a few. Write or send for offer. claud murphy, jr. p.o. box 921, decatur, georgia 30031 •'‘YoENck 137 West Saylor Street J-Af < ATLAS, PA. 17851 -.5 COINS Whole No. 78 Page 347 ATLAS ATLAS IS BUYING.... Over the years you have been building a collection of currency. I'm sure it was a painstaking task. But what if you have to SELL . . . your entire collection or part of it, I'm sure you would want to get the best price. If so give ATLAS a try and find out why we are buying collection after collection each day. We need all types of currency, especially Large Type Notes and Nationals . . . and we will pay to fill our customer's needs. Send Registered mail for immediate offer or write first. BUYING BUYING BUYING SINGLES - COLLECTIONS ANY GRADE Charles E. Straub P.O. Boa 200 Columbia, CT 06237 If you are not receiving my catalog of obsolete currency, you may be missing out on some great deals on material, some of which may only pass your way once in a lifetime. Don't let your collection suffer because you didn't spare 5 minutes and a 15i stamp. Write today for my free list. TEXAS NATIONALS WANTED Especially the following charter Nos: 2486 4368 5719 6551 3022 4371 5781 7119 3261 4466 5795 7306 3890 4950 5971 7414 4093 5483 6177 7669 4179 5549 6212 7760 4291 5661 6346 8355 JOHN R. CULVER 107 W. Wall, Midland, Texas 79701 Ph: 915-684-5342 SPMC — A.N.A. — TNA Page 348 Paper Money FRACTIONAL CURRENCY LARGE SIZE NOTES U.S. MILITARY PAYMENT CERTIFICATES selling: High quality and/or scarce notes, fully described and attributed. Latest lists available on request, or send your want list. Please specify which list is desired. (Postpaid) No Nationals. buying: Nice condition or rare fractional, experimentals, proofs, specimens, shields, essays, large size notes, and MPC to the extent of my inventory requirements. Write first, with description. ANA, SPMC, PMCM, NASC, CSNA, I BNS TOM KNEBL Box 5043 Santa Ana, Calif. 92704 (714) 751-6608 CONFEDERATE CURRENCY 100$ Type 13 AU 22.50, EF 20.00, VF 15.00, F 12.50. 100$ Type 56 Unc 30.00, AU 25.00. 50$ Type 8 Unc 22.50, AU 20.00, EF 17.50, VF 15.00. Type 14 EF 17.50, VF 15.00. Type 15 F/VF c/c 475.00. Type 15 VF c/o/c Expertly repaired 425.00. Type 16 EF c/c 35.00, VF c/c 25.00, F c/c 20.00. Type 57 Unc 30.00, AU 25.00, VF 15.00, VF c/c 10.00. 20$ Type 17 AU 110.00, EF 90.00, VF 80.00, F/VF 75.00. Type 19 VF 395.00. Type 51 VF 20.00, F c/c 7.50. 10$ Type 10 F/VF 35.00. Type 22 VF 85.00, F/VF 75.00, F 70.00. Type 26 AU 50.00, Solid overprint. Type 26 VF 35.00, Coarse, F 22.50, VG 12.50. Type 26 Fine 25.00. Type 29 VF 35.00, Fine 25.00. Type 46 VF 17.50, Fine 15.00. 5$ Type 31 VF 85.00, F 75.00, VG 50.00. Type 32 Fine 160.00, VG/F 2" inch tear 75.00. 2$ Type 42 Unc 30.00, AU 25.00, EF 20.00. Type 54 Unc 30.00, AU 25.00, VG 10.00. 1$ Type 45 VF 60.00, VG 15.00, Good 6.00. Type 62 Unc 30.00, AU 25.00, EF 20.00, VF 17.50. Other types, Broken Bank Notes, Fractional available: Send 15o' SASE. DON EMBURY BOX 61 WILMINGTON, CA 90748 // / // /7 1;1,T77 / 7,// (1/ / w/tor PRIDV101.4C c ii2HoDE. =1,021=2.1:7 10.20G- cam Gan% WI Oaf• KW os4 velment.. o(t Ly (1) R.INATS.LAND 41 BAN► 22TewN5 Whole No. 78 Page 349 MASSACHUSETTS NATIONALS $5 BB 188 Fine tears on fold $5 1902-PB 416 Fine small margin tear $10 1902 PB-VG 416 $10 1902 PB 572 F+ $5 1929-1 572 VG-F $1 1875 626 VG-F $5 BB 764 VF-XF $10 1902 PB 769 VG $20 1902 PB 769 VF+ $5 1929-2 886 VG $5 Orig. 934 VG+ $5 1902 PB 934 VF $10 1902 PB 934 F+ $20 1929-1 934 XF $10 RS 1022 VF-XF $20 1902 DB 1022 VG-F $10 1902 PB 1022 VG-F $20 1902 PB 1022 F-VF $10 1929-1 1022 Fine $10 1929-2 1022 VF $1 Orig. 1085 G-VG $10 1929-2 1085 Fine $2 Orig. 1207 VF $5 BB 1207 VG-F $10 1902 PB 1207 VG+ $5 1929-1 1207 VF-XF $10 1929-1 1207 XF $5 1882 DB 2232 VF $5 1902 PB 2232 XF $5 1929-1 2232 Fine $1 1875 2275 F-VF $10 1929-1 2275 F-VF $5 1902 DB 2275 VG Fr. No. 594a $10 1902 PB 2312 F+ $5 BB 3365 F-VG $5 BB 3994 XF-AU $5 1902 PB 4013 Fine $10 1902 PB 5944 VF $10 1929-1 5944 VF $20 1929-1 5944 Abt. VF $10 1929-2 5944 Abt. VF MASSACHUSETTS NATIONALS $10 1902 PB 9086 F+ North Attleboro . 75.00 $10 1929-1 9056 VF North Attleboro .. 70.00 $10 1902 DB 9426 VF Foxboro 425.00 $20 1929-1 9426 F-VF Foxboro 150.00 $5 1902 PB 11236 AU Webster 110.00 $10 1929-2 11388 Fine Southbridge .... 75.00 $10 1929-2 13411 Fine Webster 80.00 $5 1929-2 13835 VF+ Millbury 150.00 Type Notes SILVER CERTIFICATES FR-215, $1, AU ... $175. FR-218, $1, VF $80 FR-224, $1, VF . . . $130. FR-235, $1, CU . . . . $55. FR-247, $2, VF+ .. $275. FR-250, $2, AU ... $100. FR-278, $5, CU- Gem . $375 (ONEPAPA) GOLD CERTIFICATES FR-1173, $10 VF-XF $60. Miscellaneous NATIONALS $10 BB Third N.B. of Pittsburg-Pittsburg, PA. CHAR 291 VF $150. $20 Orig. National Shoe & Leather Bank of N.Y. - N Y., N.Y. (small piece missing at bottom) Good $75. CANADIAN BANK NOTES $1 Dominion of Canada-Mar. 31, 1898 - J.M. Courtney - Outward ones-VF+ $55. $10 Bank of Toronto-Oct. 1929 VF $60 RINATS P.O. Box 33 ASHTON, R.I. 02864 WANTED: R.I. NATIONALS. NOTES FROM ALL BANKS BUT ESPECIALLY FROM WOONSOCKET, CUMBERLAND & ANTHONY . FOR SALE: MASSACHUSETTS NATIONALS SOUTHEASTERN AREA - SMALL TOWNS. TYPE NOTES AND COINS. Grafton 175.00 North Easton 50.00 North Easton . . 50.00 Millbury 65.00 Millbury 50.00 Hopkinton . . . . 325.00 Oxford 425.00 Whitinsville . . . . 45.00 Whitinsville 70.00 Milford 90.00 Southbridge . 250.00 Southbridge 65.00 Southbridge 60.00 Southbridge . 100.00 Uxbridge 350.00 Uxbridge 75.00 Uxbridge 50.00 Uxbridge 100.00 Uxbridge 50.00 Uxbridge 75.00 Wrentham . . . . 225.00 Wrentham . 125.00 Franklin 700.00 Franklin 325.00 Franklin 95.00 Franklin 100.00 Franklin 120.00 Attleboro 325.00 Attleboro 55.00 Attleboro 35.00 Milford 225.00 Milford 55.00 Milford 75.00 Webster 50.00 North Attleboro . 250.00 Middleboro ... 375.00 Lenox 50.00 Mansfield . . . . 100.00 Mansfield 45.00 Mansfield 70.00 Mansfield 70.00 LEGAL TENDER NOTES FR-28, $1, VF $55. FR-59, $2, XF+ $40. FR-72, $5 AU $110. FR-91, $5, CU $65. FR-119, $10 CU (BISON) . $450 GEM except for slight thumb print. FR-147, $20 VF+ . $145. TREASURY NOTES FR-357, $2, VF . . . $200. BANKNOTES ARE OUR BUSINESS IF YOU ARE SELLING: We are seriously interested in acquiring large size and scarcer small size United States paper money. We are interested in single items as well as extensive collections. We are especially in need of national bank notes and we also buy foreign paper money. If you have a collection which includes both paper money and coins, it may prove in your best financial interest to obtain a separate bid from us on your paper money as we deal exclusively and full time in paper money. We will fly to purchase if your holdings warrant. IF YOU ARE BUYING: We issue periodic extensive lists of U.S. paper money, both large size, small size and fractional. Our next list is yours for the asking. The VAULT Frank A. Nowak SPMC 833 P. 0. Box 2283 Prescott, Ariz. 86302 Phone (602) 445-2930 Member of: ANA, PMCM, CPMS WANTED 1. D. C. Obsolete Currency 2. Small Size Currency with Serial numbers 00000081, 00000082, 00000084 3. Also wanted D. C. Nationals 4. Buying Maryland Colonial Notes Julian Leidman 8439 Georgia Avenue, Silver Springs, Md. 20910 (301) 585-8467 COLONIAL AND CONTINTAL CURRENCY FOR SALE BY TYPE F-VF EF-AU CU Continental 22 35 70 Connecticut 15 25 35 Delaware 22 35 65 Georgia 175 350 550 Maryland 22 35 75 Massachusetts 22 35 50 New Hampshire 95 150 195 New Jersey 22 35 50 New York 45 85 150 North Carolina 45 85 150 Pennsylvania 22 35 50 Rhode Island 20 30 45 South Carolina 75 150 200 Virginia 50 90 200 Want lists solicited. Price lists issued. Buying all pre 1790 paper money and fiscal items. Ten day return. N.Y.S. res. please add sales tax. All notes sent postpaid and insured. Phone (914) 623 - 8198 P. 0. Box 642 Bardonia, N. Y. 10934 Steven Dubinsky ANS.SPMCANA.86993 FOR SALE CURRENCY FOR SALE U.S.A. LARGE & SMALL SIZE CURRENCY INCLUDING: NATIONAL CURRENCY OBSOLETE CURRENCY RADAR & FANCY SERIAL NUMBER NOTES "ERROR" NOTES & OTHER TYPES LARGE MAIL LISTING AVAILABLE FOR A LARGE-SIZE, SELF-ADDRESSED STAMPED ENVELOPE. 10-DAY RETURN PRIVILEGE. YOUR SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. ROBERT A. CONDO P.O. BOX 985, VENICE, FL 33595 Page 350 Paper Money Whole No. 78 Page 351 Books on Banking and Currency The following books (mostly reprints) are in print and are offered subject to availability. Please allow four to six weeks for delivery. Look closely. GENERAL Treatise on Banking, by Alexander B. Johnson (reprint of 1850 edition) 12.50 The Banking Crisis of 1933, by Susan Kennedy 1973 (emphasis is on the Michigan area) 20.00 State Banks and Trust Companies, by George E. Barnett (reprint of 1911 edition) 20.00 Two Centuries of American Banking, by Vladimir Clain-Stefanelli 1975 hardback $16.00; paperback 7 00 Treatise on Currency and Banking, by Condy Baguet (reprint of 1840)323 pages . 17.50 Banks or No Banks: The Money Issue in Western Politics 1832-1865, by William G. Shade 1973 20.00 Banks and Banking in the United States, by Henry F. Baker (reprint of 1853 edition) 17.50 American Bank Failures, by Cornelius D. Bremer 1935 edition 17.50 History of Banking in America, by James W. Gilbart (reprint of 1837 edition) 207 pages 17.50 The Curse of Paper Money and Banking, by William M. Gouge (reprint of 1833 edition) 18.00 Short History of Paper Money and Banking in the United States, by William M Gouge (reprint of 1833 edition) about 400 pages 20.00 The Negro as Capitalist A Study of Banking and Business Among American Negroes, by Abram Harris (reprint 1936 edition) 18.00 United States Notes, by John J. Knox 1888 edition, 250 pages. This is an original, not a reprint. hardbound 50.00 Obsolete Bank Notes of New England, by D.C. Wismer. 311 pages listing about 5,000 notes 20.00 Banks, Banking and Paper Currencies, by Richard Hildreth (reprint of 1840 edition) 17.5 The History of Banks, by Richard Hildreth (reprint of 1837 edition) 160 pages 15.00 History of Crises Under the National Banking System, by Oliver M. Sprague (reprint of 1910 edition) 484 pages 20.00 Fractional Money, by Neil Carothers (reprint of 1930 edition) 372 pages. This is a study of both small coins and small notes which circulated in the United States 18.50 John Law 1671.1729: The Father of Paper Money, by Robert Minton 15.00 American Paper Currency, by Henry Phillips (reprint of 1865 edition) two volumes in one. 500 pages 20.00 History of American Currency, by William G. Sumner (reprint 011874 edition) 391 pages 20. 0 History of Money in America, by Alexander Del Mar (reprint of 1899 edition) . 22.00 FOREIGN Several histories of British banks (mostly the Bank of England) are available in reprint. Please write if interested. Banking and Finance in China, by Frank Tamagna (reprint of 1942 edition) . . . 40.00 BANK OF THE UNITED STATES Legislative and Documentary History of the Bank of the United States, by M.S. Clarke and D. Hall (reprint of 1832 edition) 40.00 The Second Bank of the United States, by Ralph C. Catterall (reprint of 1902 edition) 11.5 War on the Bank of the United States, by Thomas F. Gordon (reprint of 1834 edition) 155 pages 17.50 Nicholas Biddle: Nationalist and Public Banker, by ? 1975 20.00 The First and Second Banks of the United States, by John T. Holdsworth (reprint of 1910 edition) 311 pages 18.50 Eeconomic Aspects of the Second Bank of the U.S., by Walter B. Smith (reprint of 1953) 17.50 Andrew Jackson and the Bank War, by Robert V. Remini paperback 8 00 Biddle's Bank: the Crucial Years, by Jean A. Wilburn 1967 17.50 There are a few more titles on the Bank of the U.S available. Please write if interested. CALIFORNIA Nothing Seemed Impossible: Wm. C. Ralston and Early San Francisco, by David Lavend- er 1975 17.50 Biography of a Bank: Story of the Bank of America NT & SA, by Marquis James (reprint of 1954 edition) 27.50 William Tecumseh Sherman: Gold Rush Banker, by Dwight Clarke. over 450 pages. Interesting story of the famous Civil War general's banking career in California in the 1850's . 15.00 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Development of Banking in the District of Columbia, by David M. Cole 1959. A very good work 15.00 FLORIDA Pensacola's Currency Issuing Banks and Their Notes 1833-1835, by Philip Pfeiffer pap- erback ....... 10.00 ILLINOIS Development of Banking in Illinois 1817.1863, by George W. Dowrie (reprint of 1913 edition) 17.50 IOWA Banking in Frontier Iowa 1836 - 1865, by Erling A. Erickson 1971 12.00 MARYLAND History of State Banking in Maryland, by A.C. Bryan (reprint of 1899 edition) . 15.00 MASSACHUSETTS Currency and Banking in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, by Andrew M. Davis (reprint of 1900 edition) 2 volumes 750 pages 3The Massachusetts First National Bank of Boston 178 ,4-1934, by Norman Gras (reprint of 1937 edition) 50.00 MICHIGAN The Detroit Banking Collapse of 1933, by Howard R. Neville 1960 paperback .... 7.50 Detroit and Its Banks: The Story of the Detroit Bank and Trust Company, by Arthur Woodford 1974 Michigan Depression Scrip, by James Curto paperback 2 00 MINNESOTA Robber and Hero: Raid on the Bank of Northfield by the James-Younger Band, by George Huntington 1962 15.00 MISSOURI Banking in Mid America: A History of Missouri Banks, by Timothy Hubbard and Lewis Davids 232 pages. A very good work on the period before 1865 22.50 The Bank of the State of Missouri, by John R. Cable (reprint of 1923 edition). An excel- lent study of one bank and also the contemporary banks and bankers 27.50 I can obtain a couple other books on Missouri banks. Please write if interested. NEW YORK History of Bills of Credit or Paper Money Issued by New York 1709-1789, by John2H0i.c0k0- cox (reprint of 1866 edition) History of the Bank of New York and Trust Co. 1784-1934, by Allan Nevins (reprint of 1934 edition) New York Savings Banks in Ante-Bellum Years 1819.1861, by Alan Olmstead 1976 20.00 State Banking Before the Civil War and the Safety Fund Banking System in New York 1829-1866, by David Dewey and R.E. Chaddock (reprint of 1910 edition) 22.00 The Banks of New York, by James Gibbons (reprint of 1859 edition) 25.00 History of the Bank of New York 1784-1884, by Henry W. Domett (reprint of 1158.0804 edition) OREGON Gold in the Woodpile: An Informal History of Banking in Oregon, by O.K. Burrell 1967 15.00 Trade and Currency in Early Oregon, by James H. Gilbert (reprint of 1907 edition) 12.50 PENNSYLVANIA History of the Philadelphia National Bank 1803-1953, by Nicholas Wainwright (reprint of 1954 edition) 25.00 Jay Cooke, Private Banks, by Henrietta Larson (reprint of 1936 edition) 35.00 The Bank of North America, by M.S. Clarke and D. Hall. Price not yet available Please write if interested. SOUTH CAROLINA The Public Treasury of Colonial South Carolina, by Maurice Crouse, 1977 20.00 Obsolete Notes of S.C., by Austin Shehan WANTED WANTED WANTED TEXAS Fiscal History of Texas, by William M. Gouge (reprint of 1852 edition) 327 pages covers currency and finances ... . .... 20.00 Banks and Bankers in Early Texas 1835-1875, by the Ericson 1976 20.00 VERMONT Historical Account of Vermont Paper Currency and Banks, by Terrence Harper paperback 3 50 WASHINGTON National Bank of Commerce of Seattle 1887.1969, by Elliot Marple 1972 15.00 WISCONSIN Annual Report of the Commissioner of Banking (1912), 774 pages 15.00 BRUCE W. SMITH 715 341-7992 P.O. Box 34 Stevens Point, WI 54481 WANTED BILLS OF EXCHANGE California and Nevada Banks Paying $100.00 minimum each for scarce, early items. Steve Meier 135 E. Lomita BI. Carson, Calif. 90745 SPMC 4703 (82) FREE Quarterly price listing. Let us send you our list of U.S. Paper Currency. Obsoletes, Nationals, Confederates and other paper Americana. CLARK POPPELL STAMPS & CURRENCY P.O. Box 3329 Vallejo, Calif. 94590 SELL HARRY YOUR MISTAKES Harry wants to buy Currency Errors Also Interested in Buying Nationals ... Large and Small size Uncut Sheets Red Seals Type Notes Unusual Serial numbers HARRY E. JONES PO Box 42043 Cleveland, Ohio 44142 216-884-0701 Page 352 Paper Money Collector/Dealer Since 1935 SPMC #38 WANTED Large-Size Wisconsin National Bank Notes Universal NumIsmatics Corp. FLOYD 0 JANNEY LM No. 415 P.O. BOX 443 RICHLAND CENTER, WI 535 8 1 Society Certified Professional Numismatists UNITED STATES FRACTIONAL CURRENCY Our fully descriptive current price listing is available free upon request. Want lists given complete and careful attention. "BUYING — SELLING" TERRY VAVRA Box 51 Riverside, CA. 92502 (714)683-1849 (82) FOR SALE THE FOLLOWING STATE NATIONALS: SMALL SIZE: CALIFORNIA $5.00 The Anglo Natl. Bnk. of San Francisco, 1929, CN9174, VG .... $12.50 INDIANA $20.00 The Indiana Natl. Bnk. of Indianapolis, 1929, CN984, Stained, VG 25.00 MASSACHUSETTS $5.00 Newton Natl. Bnk. Newton, 1929, CN 13252, VG 17.50 NEW YORK $10.00 Chatham Phoenix Natl. Bnk. & Trust Co. N.Y., 1929, CN10778, VG 18.50 OHIO $20.00 The First Natl. Bnk. of Bellaire, 1929, CN1944, G+ 28.50 $20.00 The First Nat Bnk. & Trust Co. of Hamilton, 1929, CN56, VG+ 33.50 PENNSYLVANIA $10.00 The Hatfield Natl. Bnk. Hatfield, 1929, CN 13026, VG 28.50 TEXAS $10.00 The Farmers Natl. Bnk. of Brenham, 1929, CN10860, F 33.50 $20.00 South Texas Commercial Natl. Bnk. of Houston, 1929, CN10152, VG 24.50 $20.00 The Natl. Bnk. of Commerce of Houston, 1929, CN10225. G+ 24.50 $20.00 Natl. Bnk. of Commerce of San Antonio, 1929, CN6956, VG+ 29.50 $20.00 The First Natl. Bnk. of Wichita Falls, 1929, CN3200, VG+ 28.50 $20.00 The City Natl. Bnk. of Wichita Falls, 1929, CN4248, VG 27.50 WISCONSIN $20.00 Marine Natl. Exchange Bnk. of Milwaukee, 1929, CN5458, CU 49.50 LARGE SIZE: MINNESOTA $10.00 THE FIRST AND SECURITY NATL. BNK. OF MINNEAPOLIS, 1915, CNN 710 TEEHEE/BURKE, VG+ 97.50 Satisfaction guaranteed, ten day return privileges on all notes. Payment in check, money orders or bank drafts. Order notes from: LARRY LISOT 303-795-2673 BOX 607 LITTLETON, CO. 80160 Whole No. 78 Page 353 PAPER MONEY PUBLICATIONS BY DR. MUSCALUS LATEST RESEARCH REPORTS Odd Bank Note and Scrip Denominations in American Monetary History. 102 illustrations .. 3.00 Lincoln Portraits on College Currency, State Bank Notes and Scrip 29 illustrations 2 00 Renault's Painting of the Surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown on Paper Money 1 00 Landseer's "My Horse", "Spaniel" & Other Paintings on Paper Money 3 00 7. The Use of Banking Enterprises in the Financing of Public Education, 1796-1866. A Doctor's Dissertation (U. of P.). Early financial history of various States. 1945. 17 tables and 22 pages of bibliography. 202 pages 5 00 8. Paper Money of Early Educational Institutions and Organizations 2 00 9. A Bibliography of Histories of Specific Banks Lists histories that concern specific banks. 16 pages 2 00 10. State-Owned Banks, the Pet Banks and their Bank Notes. A type overlooked by the student of State Treasury Notes 2 00 11. Saint Nicholas on Early State Bank Notes. 1962 1.00 16. County Scrip Issued in the United States. Illustrated. Confederate and other county issues 1 00 19. Paper Money in Sheets. 106 pages with over 400 specimen notes illustrated 15.00 20. Locomotive Engravings on State Bank Notes and Scrip, 1832-1875. Sixty-four illustrations of different locomotive engravings. 1964 5 00 21. The Oxford Paintings of Reynolds Virtues in the West Window on Paper Money. Temperance, Prudence and Justice. Illustrated. 1965 2 00 22. Popularity of Wm. S. Mount's Art Work on Paper Money, 1839-1865 Illustrated. 1965. The famous corn husker 2 00 23. Oglethorpe at Christie's Sale of Dr. Johnson's Library, on Paper Money. 12 Illustrations, 1965 2.00 24. The Dismal Swamp Canal and Lake Drummond Hotel on Paper Money, 1838-1865. Illustrated. 1965 2 00 25. Dictionary of Paper Money With Historical Speci- mens Illustrated Revised Edition of 1965.67 illustrations 3 00 26. Birch's Painting of Perry's Battle on Lake Erie Used on State Bank Noted and Scrip. Thoroughly illus- trated. 1966 2 00 30. Whaling Art by Garneray, Stewart and Page Used on State Bank Notes 1 00 31. 32. 36. 37. 40. The Beautiful View of the Rockville Bridge Across the Susquehanna Above Harrisburg on State bank notes $1.00 43. The Use on Paper Money of Peale's Paintings of the Wounded General Mercer 1 00 44. Illustrations of County Scrip Issued in Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee and Pennsylvania .. 2.00 45. Paper Money Pertaining to Druggists, Medicine and Medical Practitioners. 1967.94 illustrations ... 3.00 67. Railroad Currency: Bank Notes and Scrip Represen- tative of Over One Hundred Railroads, 1830's - 1971. All Notes Illustrated 5 00 68. Washington's Crossing and the Battle of Trenton Protrayed on Bank Notes, Scrip and Paintings. 23 illustrations. 1972 • 2 00 69. General George McClellan on Paper Money. 13 illustrations. 1972 2 00 70. National Bank Notes of Buffalo and Vicinity. 58 illustrations. 1978 3 00 71. Bank Notes Commemorating the Landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth. 11 illustrations. 1973 . . . 2.00 72. Recycled Southern Paper Money: A reference list of Southern paper money printed on the backs of scarce unused notes and documents. 24 pages, 1973 3 00 73. Jackson Portraits and the Battle of New Orleans on State Bank Notes. 24 illustrations. 1974 2 00 74. Paper Money of the Four - dollar Denomination. 52 illustrations. Valuations are listed. 1974 . . . 2.00 75. Transportation Currency: Bank notes and scrip represtative of forty-five varieties of transportation companies. 48 illustrations. 1974 3 00 76. Massachusetts Scrip. 116 illustrations. Valuations are given. 3 00 77. Pennsylvania Borough and City Scrip. 96 Illustra- tions with values 3 00 78. Album of Georgia and City Scrip. 67 Illustrations with values 3 00 79. Georgia Railroad Currency Comprehensively Illus- trated. 99 Must. with values 5 50 80. Early Ships and Shipbuilding on Paper Money 107 Illustrations 5.50 81. Album of Georgia Local Business Notes. 166 Illustrations with values 3 00 82. Mississippi Railroad Comprehensively Illustrated 5 50 66 British Empire Bank Note Proof. 100 illustrations 5.00 65. The Capitol: Its Developmental Aspects and the Crawford Statue of Freedom Portrayed on Paper Money 1971 2 00 64 The Kinds of Scrip Used by School Districts in Financial Emergencies 1971 2.00 63 Princess Dona of Rome on Bank Notes Used In The United States. 1971 1.00 62 Historic Jamestown & Pocahontas on Paper Money and Chapman Art. 1971 1 00 61 Bank Notes Honoring Pulaski and the Pulaski Monuments. 1971 2 00 60 Portraits and Paintings of Engenie. Napoleon I. and Marie Louise on American Money. 17 illustrations. 1969 2 00 59. Album of Types of Paintings and Portraits of Penn. Franklin. and Buchanan on Paper Money. 39 illustra- tions. 1969 2 00 58 Franklin's Great-Grandaughter-In-Law (Mrs. Bache) on Paper Money 13 illustrations. 1969 2 00 57. Henriette Sontag, the Countess Rossi, on Paper Money Issued in the United States. 1969 A famous Prima Donna who toured America 1 00 56. Solomon Carvalho's Art on Paper Money Issued in the United States and Canada. 17 illustrations. 1969. Artist to Fremont's Expedition to the West 2 00 55 Portraits of the First Three Directors of the Mint on Paper Money. 1969.4 illustrations 1 00 54 Portraits of Elias Boudinot on Paper Money. 1969. Illustrations 2 00 53 Sully-s Painting of the Future Rev. Dr. Alfred L. Elwyn on Paper Money. 9 illustrations. 1969 . .. 2.00 52. Shakespeare on Paper Money. 14 illustrations . 2.00 51 Lord Byron on Paper Money Issued in the United States. 20 illustrations, 1969 2 00 50 Two Famous Paintings of God and the Infant Christ on N. J. Paper Money 1 00 49. The Princess Victoria on an American Bank Note of 1837. 1968 1 00 48. Saint John on American Paper Money. 1968 ... 1.00 47. The Extensive Use of Christ on Paper Money Cir- culated in the United States. 17 illustrations. 1968 100 46 Raphael's Saint Catherine on Paper Money Issued by the State of Florida and Others. 1968 1 00 HISTORICAL PAPER MONEY RESEARCH INSTITUTE BOX 187 BRIDGEPORT, PA. 19405 .11?4,442.,kis irve. "Pronto Service" Phone 402-451-4766 Omaha, Nebraska 681114514 North 30th Street, SOCIET Y CERTiiIED PROFESSIONAL NUMISMATISTS Page 354 Paper Money UNCUT SHEETS OF EIGHTEEN Beautiful Superb Crisp New Sheets - Just like they were the day they were printed. These potential "Best of Show Winners" can put your collection in the "Blue Ribbon Class". We offer these two sheets a SPECIAL LOW PRICES = subject to prior sale, of course. 1935-0 $1.00 SILVER CERTIFICATE SHEET (18). CLARK-SYNDER 102 Sheets printed but many were not issued. O'Donnell's 6th Ed. records only 18 sheets reported. PRICED- SP CIAL $1,395.00 1935-E $1.00 SILVER CERTIFICATE SHEET (18).PRIEST-HUMPHREY Not many sheets were issued = shortly after Hon. George W. Humphrey assumed office as Secretary of the Treasury Department and rendered to collectors, Students of History and many others for years. We are fortunate to offer you this sheet which we purchased before this order was issued. PRICED for only $1295.00 Buying/Selling Superb uncut sheets (4,6,12,18) + Scarce/Rare single large size Notes (the rarer the better). Send want list of items you wish to purchase & duplicates you wish to sell. $1 FEDERAL RESERVE SETS SALE Superb crisp new complete sets 10% discount over $200.00 (except when prices shown as NET.) Regular Sets Star Sets 1968 (12) $34.75 (12) $36.75 1968A (12) 31.75 (12) 33.95 1968B (5) 14.75 (4) 13.75 1969 (12) 26.75 (12) 31.75 1969A (12) 25.75 (II) 29.75 1969B (12) 24.75 (12) 29.75 1969C (12) 23.75 (9) 32.75 1969D (12) 22.75 (11) 26.75 1974 (12) 21.75 (12) 23.75 SPECIAL OFFER 1963/1974 All 9 Sets - Superb Crisp New (99). NET 196.75 1963/1974 All 9 Star Sets - Superb Crisp New (95) NET 226.75 NEW 1977 $1 FEDERAL RESERVE SET The last two serial nos. match on all 12 districts - Net - Postpaid $18.50 BLOCK BUSTER SPECIAL 1963A $1 Scarce "BB" Block Cr. New (Regularly $35.00) SPECIAL $29.50 WANTED - 1963 BC, DB Blocks, ask for our BIG Block price list. 1976 $2.00 BICENTENNIAL SET The last two serial nos. match on all 12 fists. Superb Cr. New - Postpaid $33.50 $2 FIRST DAY SPECIAL Omaha, NE Dist. 10 April 13, 1976 Cancel'n. 3 75 July 4, 1976 Cancel'n 3 75 Coin, IA Dist. 10 April 13, 1976 MAJOR ERROR SPECIAL 19578 $1 Silver Certificate - the serial nos. start with U37 & U47. Crisp new gem 47.50 In lucite holder (w/title) 52.50 Buy a pair - matched serial nos. (one in plastic) 95.00 DE LOREY/REED's New 4th Ed. "Price Guide for Collectors of Modern U.S. Paper Money Errors". Illus'd., Vals. 3 00 O'DONNELL'S "The Standard Handbook of Modern U.S. Paper Money", 6th Ed. Retail $15.00, NET . . . . 7.50 FRIEDBERG'S New 9th Ed. "Paper Money of the United States", Illus'd. up to date values. Due early July - Order NOW - we'll ship SPECIAL HANDLING the day received 17.50 HESSLER'S Terrific 2nd Ed. "The Comprehensive Catalogue of U.S. Paper Money', illus'd values. A MUST 25.00 SPECIAL - The pair 33.50 VAN BELKUM's "National Bank Notes of the Note Issuing Period 1863-1935". A listing of all (14,344) Charter Banks only 14.00 WARNS/HUNTOON/VAN BELKUM'S "National Bank Note Issues 1929-1905", 212 pgs., illus 12.00 SPECIAL - the pair 21.00 STAR NOTES WANTED Prefer packs (100)-consecutive nos. 1977 $1 all 12 fists., + 1974 $1 dists. 2, 7. Also 1969C dist. 12 (pay $3.00 for 1969C). 1976 $2 - most dists. pay $2.50 ea. (dist. 10, 12 pay $3.00 ea.) Please call or write. CSA SPECIAL BRADBEER "Confederate & So. States Currency" enlarged reprint ppd. 14.50 CRISWELL "Confederate & So. States Currency", 1976 ed. ppd 15.00 SLABAUGH "Confederate States Paper Money", ea. type illus'd. Priced ppd. only 3 45 SPECIAL - all three ppd 25.50 FREE - with above BIG 3 - 1864 $10 CSA Ty-68 Cr. New SCHWAN/BOLING'S "World War II Military Currency". Illus'd., vals 19.50 SHAFER'S "Philippine Emergency & Guerrilla Currency", 464 pgs., illus'd a BIG value for 15.00 SPECIAL - the pair 29.50 BOOKS "IN THE SPOTLIGHT" Please add $1 to book orders (over $50 add $2) Save $$$'s on books - send $1 for our BIG book list (over 100 on paper money + 650 on other series). $1 refundable on your first $25 book order. Special 10% book DISCOUNT on book orders $20/$49 (over $50.00 deduct 15%). Add 60g for your NAME IN GOLD on any following book. 415 Please add $1.75 to Note orders. (Over $300.00 add $3.50). 100% satisfaction guaranteed (TEN day money- back return privilege). Try Bebee's - Where America's "Particular Collectors" shop. MEMBER: Life N110 ANA, ANS, PNG, SCPN, SPMC, IAPN, Others It pays to look closely. You know that it pays to look closely when collecting. It does when you are thinking of selling, too. Since you collected with such care, we know you want to be equally as careful when selling. At Medlar's, we take pride in the fact that we've been buying and selling currency for over 25 years. So, we feel we must be doing something right for our many friends and customers. WE ARE BUYING: Texas Currency, Obsoletes and Nationals, Western States Obso- letes and Nationals, U.S. and Foreign Coins. We will travel to you to examine your holdings, Profes- sional Appraisals, or as Expert Witness. Member of SPMC, ANA, PNG, NLG, CPN ectOct's RARE COINS and CURRENCY (BESIDE THE ALAMO) 220 ALAMO PLAZA SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78205 (512) 226-2311 BOOKS THE DESCRIPTIVE REGISTER OF GENUINE BANK NOTES by Gwynne & Day 1862. 168 pp Cloth bound. 1977 reprint by Pennel Publishing Co. $15.00 postpaid. This book contains descriptions of over 10,000 genuine bank notes from 31 states and terri- tories plus 24 Canadian banks. It also identifies notes known to have been counterfeited. The names and locations of over 800 closed banks are included in the supplements. It is believed that this book was the basis of the famous Wismer Lists published by the ANA 50 years ago.* must for collectors and researchers of obsolete notes. We bound 10 copies in genuine leath and interleaved them with plain pages (for your own notes) and offer them subject to prior sale for $60.00 each. HODGES' AMERICAN BANK NOTE SAFE-GUARD by Edward M. Hodges 1865. 350 pp Cloth bound. 1977 reprint by Pennell Publishing Co. $19.50 postpaid. "Hodges' " as this book is known, contains descriptions of over 10,000 genuine notes from 30 states, 19 Canadian banks, and the United States notes issued prior to 1865. This 1865 edition was copyrighted in 1864 and at this time the United States was at war with the Confed- erate States. A a result the listing for six Southern states were not included because they were not a part of the United States. Louisiana was included as in 1864 it was occupied by Union troops under the infamous General Butler. West Virginia was added to this edition as it seceded from Virginia and join the Union in 1963. We have added a section from the 1863 edition (copyrighted in 1862) containing the six states deleted from the 1865 edition making this reprint the most comprehensive Hodges' ever printed. The format used consists of three rows of ten notes listed in rectangules on each page. To quote from E.M. Hodges "The SAFEGUARD is almost indispensable." Collectors will agree with him. We bound 10 copies in genuine leather and interleaved them with plain paper (for your own notes) and offer them subject to prior sale for $75.00 each. THE BANK OF THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA by Dr. F. Mauldin Lesesne 1970. 221 pp Hand bound. University of South Carolina Press $14.95 postpaid. The South had many colorful banks prior to the Civil War, but few could compare with the Bank of the State of South Carolina. From its charter in 1812 until 1881 when its history ended, it was colorful, controversial, and redeemed its issued notes. The "faith and credit" of the State of South Carolina was pledged to back this bank. Dr. Lesesne's account of this bank is interesting reading to both collector of paper money and historical students. Few banks have such detailed accounts of their life as the Bank of the State of South Carolina. The book is annotated and has a wonderful bibliography. If you only read one bank history, and should read this one as it will interest both South Carolinians and non-Carolinians alike. It is just an excellent story of a very important bank. PENNELL PUBLISHING COMPANY P.O. Drawer 858 Anderson, South Carolina 29622 *S.C. residents add 4% S.C. sales tax.