Paper Money - Vol. XVIII, No. 2 - Whole No. 80 - March - April 1979

klist of script from Harrison plates by William J. Harrison. F. Marcus Arman introduces Jacob Perkins, printer of the Penny Black. eter Huntoon a about the 1882 Ala stions tes. BIMO BLICATION OF TY OF PAPER MONEY LLECTORS March Volume o. 2 Whole No. 80 Kadis Suite 600-618Capital City Bank BuildingDes Moines, Iowa 50309800-247-5335 INCREASES BUYING PRICES 10 to 30% Increased investment purchases and rapidly growing interest in currency have created tremendous demands for top condition and scarce U.S. notes. As the leading dealer in U.S. Currency, we must increase our purchases to meet these demands. To do so, we have INCREASED PRICES FROM 10 to 30%, prices that were already the HIGHEST EVER OFFERED for these notes. We buy complete collections (or duplicates) in all conditions, Good to Unc., and will pay more for scarce and rare signature combinations and scarce National Bank Notes. We particularly need nationals from Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Minnesota, New Jersey, Wisconsin, and western and southern states. CURRENCY BUYING PRICES For Choice and Gem Notes LEGAL TENDER NOTES Buying SILVER CERTIFICATES Buying NATIONAL BANK NOTES Buying Friedberg Donlon Catalog Now Hedberg Donlon Catalog Now Friedberg Donlon Catalog Now Fr.-16, 17 D-101-I 325.00 375.00 Fr.-249-258 4202-20-202-31 135.00 175.00 Fr.-639-646 0-0320-201-C320-2812 110.00 120.00 Fr.-I 8 D-101-4 335.00 385.00 Fr.-259-265 4205-12-205-15 1200.00 1600.00 Fr.-647-649 D- 350.00 400.00 Fr.-I 9-27 D-101-4A---101-7 150.00 185.00 Fr.-266, 267 0-206-15A, 205-17 475.00 650.00 Fr.-650-653 D- 110.00 120.00 Fr-28-30 4101-8-101-10 90.00 200.00 Fr.-268-270 D-205-17A-205-20 1300.00 1750.00 FEDERAL RESERVE BANK NOTES Fr.-3I-33 D-101-14R-101-15B 675.00 750.00 Fr.-271-281 D-205-20A-205-31 275.00 400.00 Fr.-708-746 D-401A-28-4011-' A 45.00 60.00 Fr.-34, 35 D-101-15R, 101-17 175.00 210.00 Fr.-282 D-205-31A 375.00 450.00 Fr.-747-780 D-402A-28-4021-29A 90.00 175.00 Fr.-36-39 4101-28-101-31 40.00 50.00 TREASURY NOTES Fr.-781-809 4405A-28-4051-28A 135.00 175.00 Fr.-40 D-101-3IA 115.00 135.00 Fr.-347-349 4701-14-701-15A 650.00 750.00 Fr.-810-821 D-410-B-28-410-H-28 775.00 850.00 Fr.-41, 41A 0-102T1, 102T2 485.00 550.00 Fr:350-352 D-701-15B-701-19 200.00 250.00 Fr.-822-830 D420E-29-420H-28 900.00 1000.00 Fr.-42 4102-4 750.00 850.00 Fr.-353-355 D-702-14-702-15A 1000.00 1200.00 FEDERAL RESERVE NOTES Fr.-43-49 D-102-4A-102-8 200.00 235.00 Fr.-356-358 D-702-158-702-19 400.00 500.00 Fr.-832-843 D-505A-35R-505L-35R 145.00 175.00 Fr: 50-52 D-102-8A 135.00 175.00 Fr.-359-361 D-705-14-705-15A 900.00 1100.00 Fr.-844-891 D-505A-35-505L-38 33.50 40.00 Fr-.53-56 D-102-14R-102-17 175.00 185.00 Fr.-362-365 D-705-15B-705-20 500.00 550.00 Fr.-892-903 D-510A-35R-510L-35R 185.00 225.00 Fr: 57-60 4102-28-102-31 60.00 75.00 Fr.-366-368 4710-14-710-15A 1100.00 1400.00 Fr.-904-951 D-510A-35-510L-38 5101-38 40.00 50.00 Fr.-61-63A 4105-1T1-105-114 275.00 375.00 Fr.-369-371 4710-158-710-19 475.00 575.00 Fr.-952-963 4520A-35R-5201-35R 250.00 300.00 Fr.-64 4105-4 275.00 325.00 Fr.-372-374 4720-14-720-15A 3250.00 3500.00 Fr.-964-1011 D-520A-35 520L-38 57.50 70.00 Fr.-65-69 4105-5-105-7 170.00 200.00 Fr.-375 4720-17 3600.00 3900.00 Fr.-1012-1023 4550A-35R-35R 425.00 500.00 Fr.-70-72 4105-8-105-108 150.00 220.00 NATIONAL BANK NOTES Fr.-1024-1071 4550A-35-5501-38 145.00 175.00 Fr.-73-82 D-105-1 OR-105-20 140.00 175.00 Fr.-380-386 D-A301-A-A301-8 500.00 500.00 Fr.-1072-1083 0-500A-35R-5001-35R 550.00 700.00 Fr: 83.92 4105-22-105-32 60.00 75.00 Fr.-387-393 D-A302-A-A302-8 1450.00 1500.00 Fr.-1084-1131 D-500A-35-5001-38 240.00 275.00 Fr.-93-95A 4110-111 110-114 525.00 650.00 Fr.-394-408 D-A305-1-A305-14 600.00 600.00 GOLD CERTIFICATES Fr.-96 4110-4 700.00 800.00 Fr.-409-423 D-A310-1-A310-17 850.00 850.00 Fr.-1167-1172 4610-22-610-28 165.00 225.00 Fr.-97-99 4110-5-110-7 375.00 500.00 Fr.-424-439 D-A320-1 -A320-17 950.00 950.00 Fr.-1173 4610-31 135.00 150.00 Fr.-100-102 4110-8-110-10B 250.00 300.00 Fr.-466-478 D-B305-9-B305-22 160.00 185.00 Fr: 1174, 1175 4620-9, 620-9A 2500.00 3250.00 Fr.-103-113 D-110-10R-110-20 250.00 300.00 Fr.-479-492 0-B310-9-8310-22 175.00 185.00 Fr.-1176, 1177 4620-10, 620-14 2000.00 2300.00 Fr.-114-122 D-110-20A-110-31 350.00 500.00 Fr.-493-506 D-8320-9-B320-22 300.00 300.00 Fr.-1178 4620-20 650.00 750.00 Fr.-123 D-110-31A 1200.00 1500.00 Fr.-532-538 48305-14-8305-24 275.00 300.00 Fr.-1179, 1180 4620-20A, 620-21 1650.00 2500.00 Fr.-124-126 0-120-111-120413 900.00 1100.00 Fr.-539-548 D-B310-14-8310-24 325.00 375.00 Fr.-1181-1186 4620-22-620-28 325.00 400.00 Fr.-127 4205-31A 2250.00 2500.00 Fr.-549-557 D-B320-14-B320-14 350.00 425.00 Fr.-1187 4620-31 225.00 231.00 SILVER CERTIFICATES Fr.-573-575 41330517-B305-28 700.00 700.00 Fr.-1188 0-650-9A 3250.00 3750.00 Fr.-215-22I 4201-12-201-15 250.00 325.00 Fr.-576-579 D-8310-17-8310-28 850.00 800.00 Fr.-1190-1192 D-650-10-650-14 2500.00 3000.00 Fr.-222-223 0-201-15A, 201-17 225.00 300.00 Fr.-580-585 D-B320-17-8320-28 1000.00 1100.00 Fr.-1193-1197 D-650-20--650-24 800.00 1000.00 Fr.-224, 225 4201-17A-201-19 300.00 400.00 Fr.-587-594 D-C305-2012-C305-2812 80.00 100.00 Fr.-1198, 1199 0-650-27-650-28 500.00 600.00 Fr.-226-236 4201-20-201-31 42.50 60.00 Fr.-595-597 0-0305-2013-C305-2213 200.00 225.00 Fr.-1200 4650-31 450.00 500.00 Fr.-237-239 0-201-31A-201-33 37.50 33.00 Fr.-598-612 0-0305-2012-C305-2812 70.00 90.00 Fr.-1201 0-600-9A 2750.00 3250.00 Fr.-240-244 202-12-202-14 32.50 450.00 Fr.-613-620 D-C310-2012-C310-2872 95.00 100.00 Fr.-1203-1205 4600-10-600-14 2500.00 3000.00 Fr.-245, 246 4202-15, 202-17 675.00 800.00 Fr.621-623 0- 250.00 300.00 Fr.-1206-1214 4600-20-600-28 950.00 1100.00 Fr.-247, 248 D-202-I 7A, 202-19 800.00 1100.00 Fr.-624-638 0- 80.00 100.00 Fr.-1215 4600-29 650.00 750.00 SOCIETY OF PAPER MONEY COLLECTORS INC. Whole No. 80 PAPER MONEY is published every other month beginning in January by The Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc., Harold Hauser, P.O. Box 150, Glen Ridge, NJ 07028. Second class postage paid at Glen Ridge, NJ 07028 and at additional entry office, Federalsburg, MD 21632. © Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc., 1979. All rights reserved. Reproduction of any article, in whole or in part, without express written permission, is prohibited. Annual membership dues in SPMC are $10. Individual copies of current issues, $1.75. ADVERTISING RATES Contract Rates SPACE Outside 1 TIME 3 TIMES 6 TIMES Back Cover $48.00 8130.00 8245.00 Inside Front & Back Cover 45.00 121.00 230.00 Full page 39.00 105.00 199.00 Half-page 24.00 65.00 123.00 Quarter-page 15.00 40.00 77.00 Eighth-page 10.00 26.00 49.00 25% surcharge for 6 pt. composition; engravings & artwork at cost + 5%; copy should be typed; $2 per printed page typing fee. Advertising copy deadlines: The first of the month preceding month of issue (e.g. Feb. 1 for March issue). Reserve space in advance if possible. PAPER MONEY does not guarantee advertisements but accepts copy in good faith, reserving the right to reject objectionable material or edit any copy. Advertising copy shall be restricted to paper currency and allied numismatic material and publications and accessories related hereto. All advertising copy and correspondence should be addressed to the Editor. Official Bimonthly Publication of The Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc. VOL. XVIII — NO. 2 Whole No. 80 March/April 1979 BARBARA R. MUELLER, Editor 225 S. Fischer Ave. Jefferson, WI 53549 414-674-5239 Manuscripts and publications for review should be addressed to the Editor. Opinions expressed by the authors are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of SPMC or its staff. PAPER MONEY reserves the right to edit or reject any copy. Deadline for editorial copy is the 1st of the month preceding the month of publication (e.g., Feb. 1 for March issue, etc.) SOCIETY BUSINESS & MAGAZINE CIRCULATION Correspondence pertaining to the business affairs of SPMC, including membership, changes of address, and receipt of magazines, should be addressed to the Secretary at P.O. Box 4 08 2, Harrisburg, PA 1 71 1 1. IN THIS ISSUE 1882 ALASKA TERRITORIALS Peter Huntoon 69 SCRIPT FROM THREE PLATES William J. Harrison 72 1862 $1 LEGAL TENDER Rev. Frank H. Hutchins 77 THE CENTREVILLE BANK Frank Bennett 78 BASICS IN PAPER MONEY Terry Vavra 80 THE BANKNOTES OF REZA SHAH PAHLAVI Robert L. Clarke 81 LITERATURE REVIEW Paul T. Jung 87 JACOB PERKINS- PRINTER OF THE PENNY BLACK F. Marcus Arman 88 WORLD SCENE 91 REGULAR FEATURES COPE REPORT 98 SECRETARY'S REPORT 99 INTEREST BEARING NOTES 101 LIBRARY NOTES 102 MONEY MART 103 Page 67 Society of Paper Money Collectors OFFICERS PRESIDENT Robert E. Medlar, 220 Alamo Plaza, San Antonio, TX 78205 VICE PRESIDENT Eric P. Newman, 6450 Cecil Ave., St. Louis, MO 63105 SECRETARY Harry Wigington, P.O. Box 4082, Harrisburg, PA ,17111 TREASURER C. John Ferreri, P.O. Box 33, Storrs, CT 06268 APPOINTEES EDITOR Barbara R. Mueller, 225 S. Fischer Ave., Jefferson, WI 53549. LIBRARIAN Wendell Wolka, 7425 South Woodward Ave., Apt. 214, Woodridge, IL 60515 PUBLICITY CHAIRMAN Larry Adams, 969 Park Circle, Boone, I A 50036 BOARD OF GOVERNORS Larry Adams, Thomas C. Bain, Charles Colver, Michael Crabb, Jr., Richard Jones, Charles O'Donnell, Jr., Roy Pennell, Jr., George W. Wait, M. Owen Warns, J. Thomas Wills, Jr., Wendell Wolka. The Society of Paper Money Collectors was organized in 1961 and incorporated in 1964 as a non- profit organization under the laws of the District of Columbia. It is affiliated with the American Numismatic Association and holds its annual meeting at the ANA Convention in August of each year. MEMBERSHIP-REGULAR. Applicants must be at least 18 years of age and of good moral charter. JUNIOR. Applicants must be from 12 to 18 years of age and of good moral character. Their application must be signed by a parent or a guardian. They will be preceded by the letter "j". This letter will be removed upon notification to the secretary that the member has reached 18 years of age. Junior members are not eligible to hold office or to vote. Members of the A.N.A. or other recognized numismatic organizations are eligible for membership. Other applicants should be sponsored by an S.P.M.C. member, or the secretary will sponsor persons if they provide suitable references such as well known numismatic firms with whom they have done business, or bank references, etc. DUES -The Society dues are on a calendar year basis. Dues for the first year are $10. Members who join the Society prior to October 1st receive the magazines already issued in the year in which they join. Members who join after October 1st will have their dues paid through December of the following year. They will also receive, as a bonus, a copy of the magazine issued in November of the year in which they joined. PUBLICATIONS FOR SALE TO MEMBERS We have the following back issues of PAPER MONEY for sale for 81.50 each. For orders of less than 5 copies at one time, please include 50.25 per issue for postage. We have only the issues listed for sale. Vol. 4, 1965, No 2 (No 14) Vol. 10, 1971, No. I (No. 37) Vol. 4, 1965. No. 3 (No 15) Vol. 10. 1971, No. 2 (No. 38) Vol. 10, 1971, No 3 (No. 39) Vol. 5. 1966, No. I (No. 17) Vol. 5, Vol. 5. 1966, 1966, No 2 No. 3 (No. 18) (No. 19) Vol 11. 1972, No. 1 (No. 41) Vol. 5, 1966, No. 4 (No. 20) Vol II. 1972, No. 2 (No. 42) Vol II, 1972. No. 3 (No. 43) Vol II. 1972, No. 4 (No. 44) Vol. 6, 1967. No. 1 (No 21) Vol. 6, 1967, No. 2 (No. 22) Vol 12, 1973, No. 1 (No. 45) Vol. 6, 1967, No. 3 (No. 23) Vol 12, 1973, No. 2 (No. 46) Vol. 6, 1967, No. 4 (No. 24) Vol 12, 1973. No. 3 (No. 47) Vol 12. 1973, No 4 (No. 48) Vol. 7, 1968. No. I (No. 25) Vol. 13. 1974, No I (No. 49) Vol. 7, 1968. No. 2 (No. 26) Vol. 13. 1974, No 2 No 50) Vol. 7. 1968. No 3 (No. 27) Vol. 13, 1974. No 3 (No. 51) Vol. 7. 1968. No 4 () No. 28) Vol. 13. 1974. No 4 (No. 52) Vol. 13, 1974. No 5 (No. 53) Vol 8, 1969, No. 1 )No. 29) Vol. 13, 1974, No 5 (No, 54) Vol. 8. 1969. No. 2 1No. 30) Vol 8. 1069, No. 3 (No. 31) Vol. 14. 1075, No 1 (No. 55) Vol. 8. 1969, No. 4 (No. 32) Vol. 14, 1975. No 2 (NO. 56) Vol. 14. 1975. No 3 (No. 57) Vol_ 14. 1975, No 4 (No. 58) Vol. 9, 1970, No. 1 (No. 33) Vol. 14, 1975. No 5 (No. 59) Vol. 9. 1970, No. 2 (No. 34) Vol. 14, 1975. No 5 (No. 60) Vol. 9. 1970, No 3 (No. 35) Vol. 9, 1970. No. 4 (No. 36) Index Vol. I 10 SI 90 The Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc. P.O. Box 150, Glen Ridge, N.J. 07 02 8 Library Services The Society maintains a lending library for the use of the members only. For further information, write the Librarian - Wendell Wolka, P.O. Box 366, Hinsdale, Ill. 60521. BOOKS FOR SALE: All cloth bound books are 8% x 11" FLORIDA OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Freeman . $6.00 Non-Member $10.00 MINNESOTA OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Rockholt $6.00 Non-Member $10.00 TEXAS OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Medlar $7.50 Non-Member $12.00 MAINE OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Wait $10.00 Non-Member $14.50 NATIONAL BANK NOTE ISSUES OF 1929-1935. Warns-H untoon-V an Belkum $9.75 Non-Member . . $12.50 MISSISSIPPI OBSOLETE PAPPER MONEY & SCRIP, Leggett $6.00 Non-Member $10.00 NEW JERSEY'S MONEY, Wait $15.00 Non-Member $18.50 Write for Quantity Prices on the above books ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS I. Give complete description for all items ordered. 2. Total the cost of all publications ordered. 3. ALL publications are postpaid except orders for less than 5 copies of Paper Money. 4. Enclose payment (U.S. funds only) with all orders. Make your check or money order payable to: Society of Paper Money Collectors. 5. Remember to include your ZIP CODE. 6. Allow up to six weeks for delivery. We have no control of your package after we place it in the mails. Page 68 Paper Money Whole No. 80 Page 69 Is The 1882 Alaska Territorial A Phantom? by Peter Huntoon The purpose of this article is to briefly describe the steps taken before Alaska was admitted to the Union on January 3, 1959, and to relate these to the labels on the Nationals issued in Alaska. BACKGROUND The history of Alaska represents one of the darkest pages of American colonial imperialism. The vast wilder- ness ceded to us in 1867 following more than one hundred years of Russian rule was never taken seriously by Congress. Instead, this unique, wonderful, and valuable land was the prey of special interest groups who, with the aid of an indifferent Congress, exploited its natural resources. Worse, but by design, the population in Alaska was to remain disenfranchised until 1912. The purchase of Alaska was negotiated between Secre- tary of State Willard Seward and Baron Edouard Stoeckel, Russian Minister to the United States. The pur- chase was facilitated by several factors, among them the fact that Alaska was too far from Saint Petersburg for the Czar to effectively rule the land. The wealth in furs that sustained most of Russia's interest was almost de- pleted. Rumors of gold in the interior aroused Russian concern that the place would become ungovernable, par- ticularly if Americans and Canadians participated in the inevitable rushes. At the time Russia was in dispute with Britain, thus making a sale to the United States that much more attractive. The land was sold for $7,200,000, about two cents per acre and without formal boundaries. The Russians, who governed the land under a strict authoritarian hand, moved out as the Americans moved in. However, the Americans did not bring a government with them. For the next 17 years, Congress neglected to enact legislation giving the land any form of civil govern- ment. Various commissioners and military men assumed limited jurisdictions over the southeastern panhandle but they did not govern nor were the people who settled the land given any form of representative voice in their affairs. The normal route to statehood was for a territory to be organized by an Organic Act passed by Congress. Such acts established a civil government, provided for land distributions, and considered other matters necessary to prepare a region for statehood. For Alaska, this process fell flat. Seward's Ice Box was treated differently, much like present day Puerto Rico. FIRST ORGANIC ACT - 1884 When the Alaskan Organic Act finally passed Congress in 1884, Congressional attitudes were very little im- proved. Senate Bill 153, drafted by Senator Benjamin Harrison of Indiana, constituted Alaska as a "Civil and Judicial District." This totally inadequate act provided for no representative government; rather a governor, district judge, clerk of court, and four subsidiary judges were appointed by the President. General United States land laws were specifically excluded by the act, although the mining laws were put into effect. The laws of Oregon were declared the law of the District of Alaska so far as they might be applicable; however, there was a major 11:, kg V i 3 git, Page 70 Paper Money flaw. The civil government in the Oregon code assumed town and county forms of government, yet both were forbidden in Alaska because the general land laws were excluded from the act. Local governments could not be created, and if they were, their functions could have no legal standing and their mandates could have no authority. No representative, even a non-voting one, was allowed to be seated in Congress. Alaska was formally designated the District of Alaska. Thus was enacted the First Organic Act which became law on May 17, 1884. Former Alaskan Governor Ernest Gruening (1968, p. 53) wrote: "Alaska was a civil district in which the civil administration was authorized only to inspect, enforce the laws, and report, yet denied the means either to inspect or enforce. "Alaska was a judicial district, but Con- gress had so confused its mandate that no judge could be certain what the law was, and the marshal and his deputies often lacked the wherewithal to enforce a court order or sen- tence when there was one. "Alaska was a land district, but without land laws." The dismal administrative situation that resulted from the First Organic Act was compounded by public apathy and ignorance toward Alaska in the states. It would take major gold rushes before the people in the states would understand or even become aware of the Alaskan situation, and before their representatives would re- spond. belatedly, tentatively, and with piecemeal legis- lation to try to correct defects in the First Organic Act. The first major cry of "gold" came from Juneau in 1860 when gold was discovered along the Inland Waterway by Joseph Juneau and Richard Harris. Next, in 1897, came the Klondike gold discoveries centered around Dawson City, Yukon Territory. The resulting stampede brought 50,000 fortune seekers to the northwest and most traveled through the northern part of the Alaskan panhandle on their way to the gold fields in Canada. Towns such as Skagway and Dyea became major disem- barkation ports during the years 1897 and 1898. Follow- ing the Klondike strikes were those on the golden beaches of Nome in 1900, and Fairbanks in 1902. Nome and Fair- banks were in Alaska, so the fever settled on American soil. The economic fabric of Alaska between 1884 and the early 1900's was dominated by a small group of very wealthy, politically powerful corporate exploiters — fore- most among them the Morgan-Guggenheim copper in- terests. Civil government, and even basic justice, lan- guished and the people in Alaska remained unable to enjoy the fundamental benefits of government. Gradually, beginning in 1906, Congress felt compelled to enact limited, patchwork reforms, but this process was painfully inadequate and slow. For the National Bank Note buff, one piece of legis- lation that was passed in 1906 provided most important- ly for the election of a delegate to Congress, and also pro- vided that Alaska should be referred to as the "Territory of Alaska" instead of the "District of Alaska," as it had been previously designated. Gruening (1968, p. 139) writes cynically that this act conferred "a promotion without the expense of territorial government or the self- governmental features inherent in territorial status." In 1908, the articulate and forceful Judge James Wickersham was elected to serve as delegate to Congress. With his influence sentiment developed in both Alaska and the states for Congress to enact a Second Organic Act that would hopefully establish a territorial form of government for Alaska, and which Alaskans hoped would pave the way for statehood. SECOND ORGANIC ACT - 1912 On August 24, 1912, President Taft signed into law Alaska's Second Organic Act. For the first time in 54 years, Alaskans could now elect a legislature. Unfor- tunately, as with previous Alaskan legislation, the Second Organic Act was notable not for what it did, but rather for the powers and rights that it neglected. Land distribution was left in a continuing state of disarray, and many taxing and legislative powers normally awarded to territorial legislatures were specifically precluded or omitted. Alaska in 1912 was formally a Territory, both in Whole No. 80 Page 71 Table 1. Statutory statuses of Alaska under United States jurisdiction Status None District Territory State Period 1867 - 1884 1884 - 1912 1912 - 1959 1959 - present Reason Purchase from Russia First Organic Act Second Organic Act Statehood Act name and in legal substance, but the people felt cheated of an effective vehicle to transform their land into a state. They were correct in their assessment — it would take another painful 47 years to achieve that goal. A reluctant and usually ignorant U.S. Congress would put occasional patches on the Second Organic Act but the act would prove to be inadequate and consistent with the past legislative history dealing with our northwestern "colony." The First Territorial Legislature assembled in Juneau on March 3rd, 1913. LABELS ON NATIONALS Table 1 summarizes the various legal statuses of Alaska. Technically Alaska was renamed a " Territory" in the Delegate Act of 1906 but the term had little meaning. In order for an Alaskan National Bank Note to accu- rately reflect the status of Alaska, it should bear the pro- per status label at the time it was printed. The fact is that most Alaska notes do not properly reflect the standing of the region. Those that do not could be called phantoms! Table 2 summarizes the labels actually found on Alaskan Nationals and the theoretically correct status at the time the notes were printed. All the large-size notes issued by the First National Bank of Fairbanks carry the designation "District of Alaska." This simply means that the plates were never altered to reflect the new status of Alaska resulting from the Second Organic Act of 1912. All the Series of 1902 First National Bank of Juneau notes carry only the label "Alaska," the word "Territory" being totally omitted from the plate for some reason. All the 1929 Alaskan notes, regardless of bank, came only with the "Alaska" label. To answer the question posed by the title of this article: NO! — the 1882 Date Back from Juneau shown here is not a phantom. It was issued when Alaska was a Terri- tory and remains the only known note that properly re- flects Alaska's Territorial status. In fact, it is the only Alaska National known that bears the Territory label. Alaska is unique in having had two Organic Acts prior to attaining statehood. Consequently the District and Territorial issues from Alaska are uniquely distinct from each other. This fact makes Alaska unique in the annals of National Bank Note collecting. There is no parallel situation recorded on notes. REFERENCES CITED Gruening, Ernest, 1968, The State of Alaska: Random House, New York, 661 p. Hulley, Clarence C., 1953, Alaska, 1741 - 1953: Binfords and Mort, Portland, 406 p. Table 2. Status of Alaska and actual labels carried on Nationals. Proper Designation Applicable Issues District of Alaska Series of 1882 Brown Backs Series of 1902 Red Seals Early series of 1882 Date Backs Early series of 1902 Date Backs Territory of Alaska Late series of 1882 Date Backs Late series of 1902 Date Backs Series of 1902 Blue Seal Plain Backs Series of 1929 notes Banks which issued the Type Juneau? Fairbanks Juneau? Fairbanks Juneau Fairbanks* Juneau,* Fairbanks* Juneau,* Fairbanks,* Ketchikan* ( 5 ) indicates that the notes from the bank carry the wrong status label. (?) indicates that no notes of this vintage are known. .;:r :Aro Z),1L71,222,3 rur • • Page 72 Paper Money A Check List Of Some Script Printed From Three Basic Plates by William J. Harrison R.G. Harrison's business card. The Eastern Shore Railroad Company note with original use of "early railroad train" vignette. In the process of collecting and making a check list of obsolete bank notes engraved and printed by various members of the Harrison family, I did not include certain notes and scrip which showed certain vignettes or por- traits that were originally engraved by Richard Granville Harrison and first appeared on bank notes engraved by him, and later used on bank notes or scrip showing other engraving or printing company's imprints. This use of the same engraved vignettes by different engraving com- panies became possible with the discovery of the process of engraving on soft steel, then hardening the steel plate, and making transfer rolls, etc. Thus it was possible to make numerous duplicates of engraved vignettes. As a result, engravers sometimes sold their vignettes to other engraving firms, or when they joined other partnerships, added their plates to the stock of the partnership. Accordingly, one man's work can be found on notes engraved or composed by other engraving companies. The following is a descriptive list of certain vignettes and portraits that were engraved by R.G. Harrison, and illustrations of the notes on which they were first used. These engravings were used later on three specific steel plates made for use as scrip in several states. 1. The Early Railroad Train. Originally used on: A. R.G. Harrison's business card done in the form of a bank note on bank note paper. B. The $5, $10, and $20 notes of the Eastern Shore Railroad Company. 2. "The Kill" or "Death of a Stag". Originally used on: A. R.G. Harrison's business card. B. The $1 Southern Loan Company, Philadelphia note. 3. Portraits of Washington and Franklin. Originally used on: A. The Kensington Savings Institution, Philadel- phia notes of $1, $2, and $3. B. Bridgeton, N.J. notes J.L. Southard $1 (Wait # 195) G.D. Wall $3. (Wait #196) 4. The Two Funnel Sidewheeler Steamship. Originally used on: A. Bridgeton, N.J. note. G.D. Wall $3 (Wait # 196) Although these vignettes are not "signed" by R.G. Harrison, I do not believe he would have used any other engraver's work on his business card which shows the The Southern Loan Company note with original use of "the kill" Kensington Savings Institute note with original use of Franklinvignette. and Washington vignettes. tsn Frani4444, `_'/4., IDOTILER2), It , /h, FIFTY DOLLARS, Plate 1 (half of specimen sheet with printed "San Francisco"). Whole No. 80 Page 73 Early Railroad Train and "The Kill" or "Death of a Stag". There is no question about the Washington and Franklin portraits, as they do carry his engraver's im- print. They appear not only on the Kensington Savings Institution notes, but also on the Bridgeton, N.J. notes, which have for the central vignette the Two Funnel Side- wheeler Steamship. The Bridgeton, N.J. notes happen to be proofs which I found in the Library Company of Phila- delphia collection, together with other R.G. Harrison proofs of notes of the Merchants Bank of New York, made at various stages of the progress of the engraving. This fact leads me to suspect that the proofs came from R.G. Harrison's estate. During the financial depression of the late 1830s, coins became very scarce and many merchants, cities, counties and banks issued their own fractional scrip. In the 1977 NASCA sale of the Guervrekian collection, the item #1226, a Borough of Bellefonte, Pa. scrip note for 121/2i date 1842, carries a foot note which indicates this scarcity of coins, stating, "Bellefonte was among 30 towns authorized by Pennsylvania to emit notes from 1837 to 1842 . . ." There are three specific steel plates, each of six notes, two wide and three down, with engraved vignettes or portraits at each end and in the center which contain the R.G. Harrison engravings described above. The sheets from these three engraved plates were printed without any wording in the body of the note or denominations or counters. Who composed the make-up of these steel plates and printed the engraved sheets is not known. The wording indicating the issuer, location, counters and denominations was added by letter press printing at a later time, either in Philadelphia by E. Morris or by Man- ley and Orr, or others, or perhaps by a printer in the city or town of issue. The three parallel pairs of notes on each sheet are des- ignated in the check list as A for the top pair, B for the middle pair and C for the bottom pair, showing when known, the denomination used on each of the six notes. When it is known that different denominations were used on each note of a pair, the notes are identified as Al and A2, or B1 and B2, or Cl and C2. When the denomination of any pair is unknown, it will be signified by a question mark ?. The issue of this scrip was determined from numerous sources, such as the lists of obsolete notes and scrip by states published in book form by our SPMC, and so indi- cated in the check list by the compiler's name, ie. Free- man, Leggett or Wait; the various monographs on scrip B141111,11AV, Balker Counl -■, 4,111ORGIA, or it orrr, SEVENTY-FIVE CENTS, $itNIONti, in corrrnt I1 uA re, 4llstrny . 11,11A1Vli t Balker 4 runt}, 4 ,41010,11A. 14, pnmisr to pay Twenty•Five Cents, rroll Bunk B■114, 1.3 *LB Mawr 4. mint 1,1E01124411,1.. fr3/. to pay FIFTY cithms, on drmnao, in. nreknt Bank W, Alk1Np, 1.3 G.D. Wall note with original use of two funnel sidewheeler steam- ship vignette. Plate 2 (half of sheet of unused merchant's scrip). ZO r &firer,Om