AUGUST, 1981 UME XX HOLE NO. 94 A Massachusetts story — banking es to Worcester — told by new author P oy. BIMONTHLY PUBLICATION OF THE SOOTY OF PAPER MONEY COLLECTORS Six Grades Currency Market Review PN P.O. Box 7088, Grand Station Des Moines, IA 50309 ❑ 1 Yr. Subscription, $15 Name Address City, State, Zip Phone I II (For prompt addition to our mailing list, please enclose check or money order.) .. Keep in touch with the Currency Market Currency Market Review... Featuring MORE than any other publication available today! Quarterly "For the Specialist"... ..aaaaaaa,,,3k3aaaa,aaahl/M/Na..bOklla 'ailiaaa .alatalr .aaaaa,-.111bta,a10601:41311M1.,a110*“.a./ suaag Mill'iMallamMallts.tinkillankalik-A:1111111111111116U,11111W111111 1EallIMAIIIIIME,LaillM.T. Mar , amakaaaiLAAIIIINOL0.1,111111131110.149111111a14a:Ma.kiaillilaMAILEMIIIINIC ,/ *ma ,k a mawswaktammikAilillilialka,asaaevakmatiMaillmrtitagaNata.1106,E11110111113,:a411111,E11010MWM a.stao, :100,-.1a. ar,....1114'.0,11 SS ,101,1e4 Ha. 'e 311 . aa'aa' 110 , .1310111111111111111,1111111111111114,:nocr3:monmsomnumwEllIEMIIIIIIIWIA42.1/10M aa,iia, ,11111111111111MloommwrinErmswerrilw.t...........narrlame• 5..33.,!,11113111.11amaalia,a.abailialvalogia. arm. ,:111111KAR51411611.3011=13WEIIIIIMUmem,3 .153 NM. !1aanamilams:ramaria...sapamania,,A51 ,11111ellIPM:a1fr "31 tlallialarrileltrallekaarr. -,•111111111111111r*. 11111m....rrirrmarior vmsowrimear<Pasourneuirronos ,,"1 morreener,rsaw V armaSs - atiffiCIN111111111taaaalalW,.1111111111M1111111111111011111111 r1,1111111111111M1. 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E111111111111101111IN ,-%04,VM 14/8.10:434110*ANNOM:4:0 14.3 . ,,,111114-1,11/030111LI,1 Shading Easy to Read ■rtwirs1113110111*s AIIIIIIIIMAJIMX411111111V,411itkwICANNMILS, tt ' WOO: ...,ILS01.4.1.1111111113a4.411111110:..!..a , z • • Invalt.,5410.110111-IJIMILL111111100 z Low Subscription Rate: $15/ Year (Saving $7 over Single Copy Price) 3038 11•11UNIMN4111■111DNIM•11■■■••••■■01601111.1111 Currency Market Review... Keep the Information at Your Fingertips! Subscribe Today Paper Money Y is published every inning in January by tiler Money Collectors, S. C. Second class linden, S. C. 29020. ne,v Collectors, ghts reserved. tide, in whole or express written ited. ip dues in SPMC opies of current ES IVIES 6TIMES $72t0 $67.50 $151.50 $345.00 $59;00 $158.00 $299,00 $36.00 $ 94%0 $185 . 00 $15.00 $ 0 4206-, Ci°00 $$ 77.00 ,n*.t rtive costs at a minimum nn rasing low, advertising orders pr p /33 a. to I 'work or exctiratititt;,n'painl gcasaerse e advertiser will be notified and ra for them accordingly. re`not commissionable. Proofs are not lied. e: Copy must be in orial office thau the first of thementh preceding t (e.g. Fe for ch issue). page 42 x 57 either vertical or a column width, 20 but not mats or be requested but Advertising copy shall be restricted to paper currency` and allied nuinisniatic material imd publications and accessories related thereto. SPMC does not guarantee advertisements but accepts copy,in good faith, reserving the right to reject objectionable material or edit anti copy. SPMC assumes no financial responsibility for typographical errors in advertisements, but agrees to reprint that portion advertisement in which typographical error should occur upon prompt notification of such error. All advertising copy and car respondence should he sent to the Editor. Official Bimonthly Publication of The Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc. Vol. XX No. 4 Whole No. 94 JULY/AUG 1981 ISSN 0031-1162 BARBARA R. MUELLER, Editor 225 S. Fischer Ave. Jefferson, WI 53549 414-674-5239 Manuscripts and publications for review should be addressed to the Editor. Opinions expressed by the authors are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of SPMC or its staff. PAPER MONEY reserves the right to edit or reject any copy. Deadline for editorial copy is the 1st of the month preceding the month of publication (e.g., Feb. 1 for March issue, etc.) IN THIS ISSUE KEEPING TRACK OF YOUR COLIFICTION Wendell Wolka 183 THE PRESTON BANK, DETROIT Harry M. Corrigan 186 BANKING COMES TO WORCESTER, A MASSACHUSETTS STORY Philip F. Roy 189 AN OHIO FARMERS NOTEBOOK, A PAPER MONEY LEGACY PREDICTING THE POSSIBLE EXISTENCE OF UNKNOWN Robert C. McCurdy 193 NATIONAL CURRENCY David A. Brase 198 THE PAPER COLUMN Peter Huntoon 202 FROM CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH NATIONAL BANK CHARTER NO. 1741 TO GREAT DEPRESSION DAYS Mick Burkett 208 1929-1935 NATIONAL BANK NOTE VARIETIES M. Owen Warne 210 INTERESTING NOTES 'BOUT INTERESTING NOTES Roger H. Durand 212 GOLD RUSH ERA IN AUSTRALIA YIELD. NOTE-LIKE DOCUMENT 216 NETHERLANDS HONOR NATIONAL SAVINGS BANK WITH STAMPS 218 REGULAR FEATURES COPE REPORT 215 THE SOUVENIR CARD SCRIBE 219 BEP MEMPHIS SOUVENIR CARD 222 INTEREST BEARING NOTES 224 LIBRARY NOTES 224 THE BUCK STOPS HERE 225 BOOK PROJECT ROUND-UP 225 COMING EVENTS 226 SECRETARY'S REPORT 227 MONEY MART 227 i€sack Lover Front over ul'age Half age Qttarter-page $195.00 $367 Page 181 Page 182 Whole No. 94 Society of Paper Money Collectors OFFICERS PRESIDENT Wendell Wolka, P.O. Box 366, Hinsdale, IL 60521 VICE-PRESIDENT Larry Adams, 969 Park Circle, Boone, IA 50036 SECRETARY A.R. Beaudreau. P.O. Box 3666, Cranston, RI 02910 TREASURER Roger H. Durand, P.O. Box 186, Rehoboth, MA 02769 APPOINTEES EDITOR Barbara R. Mueller, 225 S. Fischer Ave., Jefferson, WI 53549 LIBRARIAN Wendell Wolka, P.O. Box 366, Hinsdale, IL 60521 PUBLICITY CHAIRMAN Larry Adams, 969 Park Circle, Boone, IA 50036 BOARD OF GOVERNORS Larry Adams, Thomas C. Bain. A. R. Beaudreau, Charles Colver, Michael Crabb, Jr., Roger H. Durand, C. John Ferreri, Paul Garland, Peter Huntoon, Richard Jones, Robert Medlar, Dean Oakes, Jasper Payne, Stephen Taylor, Harry Wigington. The Society of Paper Money Collectors was organized in 1961 and incorporated in 1964 as a, non-profit organization under the laws of the District of Columbia. It is affiliated with the American Numismatic Association and holds its annual meeting at the ANA Convention in August of each year. MEMBERSHIP—REGULAR. Applicants must be at least 18 years of age and of good moral character. JUNIOR. Applicants must be from 12 to 18 years of age and of good moral character. Their application must be signed by a parent or a guardian. They will be preceded by the letter "j". This letter will be removed upon notification to the secretary that the member has reached 18 years of age. Junior members are not eligible to hold office or to vote. Members of the A.N.A. or other recognized numismatic organizations are eligible for membership. Other applicants should be sponsored by an S.P.M.C. member, or the secretary will sponsor persons if they provide suitable references such as well known numismatic firms with whom they have done business, or bank references, etc. DUES—The Society dues are on a calendar year basis. Annual dues are $10. Members who join the Society prior to October 1st receive the magazines already issued in the year in which they join. Members who join after October 1st will have their dues paid through December of the following year. They will also receive, as a bonus, a copy of the magazine issued in November of the year in which they joined. PUBLICATIONS FOR SALE TO MEMBERS BOOKS FOR SALE: All cloth bound books are 8 1/2 x 11" INDIANA OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP $12.00 Non-Member $15.00 MINNESOTA OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Rockholt $6.00 Non-Member $10.00 MAINE OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Wait $10.00 Non-Member $14.50 OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP OF RHODE ISLAND AND THE PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS, Durant $20.00 Non-Member $25.00 ORDERING INSTRUCTIONS 1. Give complete description for all items ordered. 2. Total the cost of all publications ordered. 3. ALL publications are postpaid except orders for less than 5 copies of Paper Money. NEW JERS Y' MONEY, Wait $15.00 Non-Member $18.50 TERRITORIALS—A GUIDE TO U.S. TERRITORIAL BANK NOTES, Huntoon $12.00 Non-Member $15.00 INDIAN TERRITORY / OKLAHOMA / KANSAS OBSOLETE NOTES & SCRIP, Burgett & Whitfield $11.00 Non-Member $13.75 Write for Quantity Prices on the above books. 4. Enclose payment (U.S. funds only) with all orders. Make your check or money order payable to: Society of Paper Money Collectors. 5. Remember to include your ZIP CODE. 6. Allow up to six weeks for delivery. We have no control of your package after we place it in the mails. Order from: The Camden Co.—SPMC Book Sales Dept. P. 0. Box 9, Camden, S. C. 29020 Library Services The Society maintains a lending library for the use of the members only. For further information, write the Librarian — Wendell Wolka, P.O. Box 366, Hinsdale, Ill. 60521. Keeping Track of Your Collection Paper Money Page 183 By Wendell Wolka Record keeping — it can often be a pain in the neck, neglected, ignored, or made more difficult than it has to be. Yet, after a burglary, fire, IRS audit, or note sale or trade, good records will save the day if you have enough foresight to keep them. The trick is to have complete information available which can be compiled quickly and without any fuss. Over the years I've developed a couple of approaches which may work out for you as well. Let's take a look at each. File Card Method As the name implies, this approach utilizes file cards to record information regarding individual notes. I recommend use of 4 x 6", rather than 3 x 5", cards since the idea is to get as much information as possible onto one card. A short study of Figures 1 and 2 will give you Cat. No. State some ideas regarding format. The card illustrated was set up mainly for obsolete notes and scrip from various states. The top line of the front of the card (see Figure 1) should be keyed to how you wish to file your information. In my case, the notes are sorted first by state, then by city, and finally by SPMC obsolete note catalog identification numbers. All of this information appears on the top line so that the card does not have to be removed to discover which note is being covered. As you will note, most of the rest of the information can be checked, circled, or completed by writing in a word or two. Signature information is covered by the bottom four lines on the front of the card. The back of the card (see Figure 2) contains spaces for indicating information concerning purchase/sale/ trade transactions (transaction date and the other City Obs. Note Scrip Check Other Denom. Plate Issuer Dated Serial No. Rarity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Unique Condition CU AU XF VF F VG G P Circ Rem. Prf. Spurious Raised Countermarked Sht. Ovprnt C' ft Reverse Alt. Duplicate Cash. Auditor Treasurer Signed Pres . Reg ster Secty. Other Figure 1. Front of card. Page 184 Whole No. 94 Purch. From Sold To Traded For Cost Sold Profit/Loss Remarks: Description: ( L ) ( C ) Figure 2. Back of card. party's name) as well as a short description of the note. Such file cards are easy to custom design. In order to do this for yourself, get a blank 4 x 6" card, type on the information that you want in the format that most pleases you, and take your "master card" to one of the many quick printing shops that are around. You'll find that the cost per card is quite reasonable. File cards are easy and flexible to use and can be stored in conventional file card boxes and drawers. Size, however, also causes the major drawback of this method. Due to the limited amount of space, there's no room for a photocopy of either the note in question or the bill or invoice pertaining to the financial transaction involved. Data Sheet Method The data sheet method uses 81/2 x 11" sheets for each note. These sheets can be either three hole-side or two hole-top punched so that they can be put into loose-leaf binders. The format shown in Figure 3 is set up for National Bank Notes and naturally can be altered to meet your needs for other types of paper money. Note that a large space has been left at the bottom for a photocopy of the note being described. Today's modern copy machines which use regular paper (I don't believe that the "slice paper copiers" can be used for this) make this approach easy to accomplish. In order to run the sheets, just follow this procedure: 1. Type up a master data sheet in the desired format. An electric typewriter with a "ball element" will provide the best looking type. 2. Run off copies of the master data sheet. 3. When a new note is obtained, load a blank data sheet into the paper tray of the copy machine. 4. Place the new note in the copy machine as if you were going to make a simple copy of it. 5. Select the size copy desired and hit the button! If you're copying Federal currency (a la Nationals) and want to be completely legal, find a copy machine which allows the user to do copy reductions of greater than 25%. The Xerox machine to which I have access produces 74% (26% reduction) copies. For obsoletes and other material, just make full size copies. 6. If you have everything in right side up (do some experimenting because how the note is put in and where it's located on the shooting glass varies from machine to machine), out comes your form with a photocopy of the note on the bottom. 7. Fill in the rest of the information and insert the sheet in a binder or other means of storage. If you wish to photocopy the invoice, bill, or cancelled check associated with the financial transaction involved, just turn the data sheet over and follow steps 3 through 6 as outlined above again. You now have the note, its historical background, and copies of the financial paperwork involved all on one piece of paper. The only drawback is that you do need Paper Money Page 185 access to a regular paper copier. If you can use a big business version with features such as reduced size copies (for Federal issues), two-sided copying, and the like, the job will be a little easier. Once you've had a chance to experiment a little, you'll find out that either of these two methods will make your record keeping an organized and simple thing to do. The data sheet method offers the bonus of being able to view your collection even when it's in the bank. CHARTER NUMBER: BANK TITLE: OPENED: TERMINATED: RECEIVERSHIP LIQUIDATION MERGED WITH # ASSUMED CHARTER # OUTSTANDING CIRCULATION: $ NUMBER OF BELOW DENOMINATION PRINTED: SHEET ARRANGEMENT: SERIALS: NOTE CONDITION: BANK SERIAL NUMBER: PLATE LETTER: IN BOUGHT FROM ON FOR COMMENTS: Figure 3. Data sheet. .7.01wal 61110■13, "An Old and New Bank." "In May, 1832, David Preston established the banking firm of David Preston & Co., in this city. Soon after he became inter- ested in the late firm of Preston, Kean & Co., of Chicago. During all these years both firms have done a large and profitable business, and are well and favorably known throughout the whole country, and especially in the West and Northwest. For sense time Mr. Preston has contemplated a rest from the exacting demands of routine detail, and in May, 1884, the Chicago house was organ- ized into the Metropolitan National Bank, of which Mr. Preston is a director and large stockholder. To-day Articles of Association of The Preston Bank of Detroit were duly filed. The New ssocia- tion, of which Mr. Preston is President, will succeed to the business of the old firm. " F. W. Hayes, for eight years Cashier of the Merchant.' and Manufacturers' National Bank of this city, under whose manage- ment that bank was reorganized into a National Association, and its capital increased, and who has been the Manager of the Clearing House since its organization, is the Vice-President. " Wm. A. Bercry, who has been Cashier of the old firm for a number of years, and is well known among business men, will continue as Cashier of the New Bank, the Capital of which is $100,000, paid up. This will be increased as rapidly as the needs of business make such action desirable. "With ample facilities for business and the experience and capacity of its officers, The Preston Bank will continue the suc- cessful conduct of a large business already establish Evening News, Detroit, June 10, 1$38. IIP,7•10aet' DAVID PRESTON,President. FRED K.VJ HAYES, li Prest W"-^ A.BERCRY Cashier""i'' 'LLII°1-Liitirr7I' e-Ifdt"..L !1,41.1'' __ , . riirgii, : ifitt2 111111111dir1-77;-rir'"1". 7. :CZ • tr.' r in ■III-diliTIN rtri-WIWIL lifinli11 1 • 1 ' 1 1E1 _-,-----'f ' L ■ , __111 1 : ------ ,At E4114111I11[112. ilt iiitaiiiiiil '''f'\P‘Le:- - ,,,.,,,,7_41' 41_114-4i411.1 1 t i , .. Page 186 Whole No. 94 THE PRESTON BANK, Detroit By HARRY M. CORRIGAN Not long ago a book dealer who knew of my interest in Detroit banknotes acquired for me what appears to be a page out of a scrapbook with various memorabilia of the Preston Bank of Detroit — newspaper clippings, a promotional brochure, even a scorecard for the Detroit vs. Pittsburgh baseball game of May 11, 1887 with an advertisement for the bank on the back. (Detroit won the Western League pennant that year, by the way.) Added together there were no more than a few dozen paragraphs, but they tell a lot about an interesting period of the Preston Bank. David Preston established the banking firm of David Preston & Company in Detroit in May, 1852. (At this time, the city, which eventually grew to almost two million, had a population of about 25,000.) Soon after he became a partner in a Chicago banking house, Preston, Kean and Co. Mr. Preston's age is not given, but considering that he had spent more than 30 years in the banking business, the brochure probably understates the case when it notes that "for some time Mr. Preston has contemplated a rest from the exacting demands of routine detail." Thus in 1884, the Chicago firm was incorporated as the Metropolitan National Bank of Chicago (Charter Number 3170). And on June 10, 1885, David Preston & Co. was incorporated as the Preston Bank, with David Preston as president. These transformations reveal that Mr. Preston was a cautious and prudent man. As a partner in a private banking firm, Mr. Preston would have been liable without limit had one of these firms failed; he could have been totally bankrupted. It is not surprising that in that situation he spent a lot of time on "routine Paper Money Brown back note issued in the 1890s by the Preston National Bank of Detroit with the signature of F. W. Hayes as president. At the time the Preston had the largest bank note circulation of any bank in Michigan. detail." But once the banks were incorporated, his liability was limited. As long as he was sufficiently diversified, the failure of even both banks would not bankrupt him. He now could relax a little, and not have to watch business so closely. One of the articles (from The Free Press, but unfortunately not dated — probably some time in 1882) allows us to speculate a little on why Mr. Preston chose this time to slow down a bit. It announces that D. J. Campau, Jr. has commenced building "the long-talked of Campau block on the southwest corner of Griswold and Larned streets." (The Campau family, one might say, virtually owned downtown Detroit in the early years of the 19th century.) The proposed building is described in very lavish terms. And D. Preston & Co., bankers, are to occupy half of the ground floor. The Page 187 remained in the bank. At this time, bank presidents could be little more than figureheads or overseers. Sometimes the same man was president of more than one bank at the same time, as the signatures on surviving banknotes often attest. One of the articles states that Preston "will continue to give the business his personal and energetic attention." Others say he "will continue to devote his time and attention to the business and will give the new organization the full benefit of his many years' experience and practical banking sagacity." The fact that Mr. Preston could afford to relax is shown, I think, by the quality of the man brought in to be vice-president of the bank — Frederick W. Hayes. Mr. Hayes was for eight years cashier of the Merchants and Manufacturers Bank. (In this era, cashier was a very important executive position.) He helped organize the Detroit Clearing House Association in 1883, and had been its manager from the start. It is also noted that it was under his direction that the Merchants and Manufacturers was transformed into a National Bank. (The fact that only two years after Hayes joined Preston, that bank was reorganized as a National Bank, leads to an interesting question: Was Hayes First charter period note issued in the early 1880s by the Merchants and Manufacturers National Bank of Detroit, with signature of F. W. Hayes as cashier. Hayes later become president of the Preston National Bank. First charter period note of the Commercial National Bank of Detroit issued about the same time as the Preston brown back note, when the two banks shared the ground floor of the Campau Block. Commercial National Bank was to occupy the other half. Another clipping notes that the office of the firm "is regarded by many as the finest banking room in the city." On the back of the brochure is an elaborate engraving of the structure. The brochure probably did not exaggerate when it states of the Preston banks, "All these years both firms have done a large and profitable business, and are well and favorably known throughout the whole country." Preston had made his fortune and established a name; his bank occupied one of the most impressive structures in the city; he had it made; he was entitled to slow down. We don't know exactly how active Mr. Preston brought in in part because Preston was contemplating reorganization as a National, or was it Hayes, familiar with the advantages of a National charter, who convinced Preston to become a National Bank?) In any event, with such a man, "with his well known practical banking experience" (he had begun 20 years before as a teller at the Second National), Preston would not have to worry about day to day detail. Eventually Hayes became president of the Preston National, and his signature appears on brown back notes issued by the bank. W. A. Bercry, 15 years with David Preston & Co., three as cashier, continued as cashier for the new firm. The capital of the bank was $100,000, paid up, which will be increased as the demands of business require." (When the bank liquidated in 1902, and eventually became part of the First National, the capital was $700,000.) It was noted that the bank had dealt in investment securities since 1860, and that it would continue complete dealings in foreign exchange, (including "drafts on the principal cities of Europe"), which was only appropriate for a Page 188 bank located less than half a mile from an international border. A final fact gleaned from these mementos: on the 1887 baseball card, a new officer is mentioned: F. B. Preston, assistant cashier. But outside of bank Whole No. 94 statistics, this is the last I can tell you of the Preston Bank. The standard Detroit histories do not say much about it. This is strange, because in its day, it was one of the largest and most important banks in Detroit. BANKING HOUSE —OF— DAVID PRESTON & CO., [ESTABLISHED NIAT, x8.52.3 DETROIT, — MICHIGAN. DEAR SIR: In announcing the change from the old firm to the new corporation, we wish to express our thanks to the many friends and customers of the past thirty-three years. The Preston Bank commences business this day: its policy will be one of liberality combined with conserva- tism and a true regard for the safety of its customers and its own welfare. The general methods pursued by the senior member of this firm will be continued in the management and administration of the new bank. Under these circum- stances, and the introduction of younger but competent assistants, we feel justified in saying that the new institu- tion will be wisely conducted, have a successful career, and maintain the prestige of the old. The amount of your balance, debit or credit, will be paid or received by The Preston Bank, which will occupy the office and succeed to the business of the undersigned. All collection items in our hands have also been turned over to the new bank, which will account for the same promptly at maturity. All collection items in your hands belonging to us, you will please account for at maturity to THE PRESTON BANE. Yours truly, DAVID PRESTON CO. The Preston Ban:. of Detroit. CAMPAU BUILDING, DETROIT, MICH. DEAR SIR: This Bank has commenced business under most favorable circumstances and with ample facilities for the transaction of business. We respectfully invite your attention to the advantages offered. 'WE CREDIT AT PAR when a fair average balance is maintained, checks on banks in the principal cities of the South, East and West. Checks on other points at low rates. REMITTANCES made to New York and elsewhere for credit of correspondents. LETTERS promptly acknowledged and daily advices given of all items collected. CURRENCY received and forwarded by express (40 cents per $1.000). STATEMENTS of accounts forwarded promptly the first of each month, daily if desired. LIBERIA L accommodations extended in the way of approved discounts. DRAFTS on the principal cities of Europe bought and sold. GOVERNMENT AND OTHER BONDS bought and sold at market rates. WE SOLICIT CORRESPONDENCE from all Banks, Bankers and Merchants upon matters of special or general interest, promising our best attention to all matters entrusted to us FOR SPECIAL ACCOUNTS satisfactory terms will be given upon application. We remit promptly Exchange on New York, Boston, Philadelphia or Chicago, as desired, iu payment of col- lections, at the following rates: Under $100, 15c. Each. $100 to $250, 25c. Each. 1-10 of 1 on larger amounts. When payable WITH EXCHANGE, at Par, and will be pleased to be favored with your items on this city, Very Respectfully, DAVID PRESTON, President. F. W. HAYES, Vice-Prrit. W)I, A. BERCRY, Cashier. Medlar to Sell Smedley Collection Two famous SPMC "names" are combining to make available by auction some of the finest obsolete note material known to collectors. Former SPMC President Glenn Smedley is disposing of his complete currency collection through an auction sale to be held September 25-26 in San Antonio by former SPMC President Bob Medlar. The sale includes Smedley's die proofs, specimen notes, vignettes and outstanding Illinois obsoletes. Interested collectors should write for a copy of the sale catalog to Bob Medlar, 220 Alamo Plaza, San Antonio, TX 78205. Paper Money Page 189 Banking Comes to WORCESTER A Massachusetts Story By PHILIP F. ROY It is hard to imagine how the average 19th century citizen reacted to the news that the President had just purchased an enormous amount of land from the French emperor, or that he was going to send an expedition to explore yet another vast area. It seems easier to look at the first years of that century from the standpoint of events which affected the life of the common man. Worcester, situated in the rolling hills of central Massachusetts, was over one hundred years old in 1803. The townspeople relied mostly on barter to transact their business, preferring it to the unstable paper money then in circulation. This "country pay" was widely accepted, but, as business grew, it became harder to settle accounts that way and no other alternative existed because, while there were five banks in the state at the time, there were none west of Boston. That winter a group of the town's notables met in a local inn to discuss starting a bank. They included merchants, a judge, and two newspapermen, Francis Blake and Isaiah Thomas. Blake was publisher of the National Aegis and Thomas, then about 55 years old, was one of the busiest printers in the country, having first issued the Massachusetts Spy. Their decision to go ahead with the plan was published the next day and there was a very favorable response, with nearly two hundred people wanting to buy stock in the proposed bank. In March of 1804, the charter granted by the Massachusetts legislature for the Worcester Bank specified that no more than twice the amount of capital stock of $150,000 could be loaned (loans were the major function of the bank) and, interestingly, that a certain percentage must be set aside for loans to farmers. It took less than two months to set up the bank; during its first year of operation it loaned more than $185,000. Daniel Waldo was the president of the bank and Levi Thaxter was its cashier. It was the first corporation in Worcester and it was to be twenty-five years before another bank was established. Despite the success of the bank, when the time came for the application to renew the charter, the organizers met with unexpected resistance in Boston. This may have been due to the general low opinion of banking during this era, but it may simply have been that the legislators had other things on their minds for, less than a week after the second charter was approved, the United States declared war with England. In 1829, Worcester's banking boom really began: in the next twenty-five years the town went from one single bank to six. The first of these was the Central Bank, which was chartered for $100,000 with Benjamin Butler as president and Otis Corbett, cashier. In 1833, the Quinsigamond Bank (named after a local lake) was established, also with a $100,000 stock limit (Alfred Foster, president, and Charles Hamilton, cashier), to be followed only three years later by the Citizens Bank. Perhaps because of the experience of their president, Note issued by the Worcester Bank during second charter period; signed by Jennison and Daniel Waldo, Jr. 41••• VI* 410,. S VIM doe 4 •••■ Yew,. of our Lord One bousand Ei/it and e, , C- .7; / C011 0 g/ Idff zir‘eJ-- Cfa , • , ( .07/4 44v; BANK, — - IN . 1. 1: -.) ../71.1$ F 1'1 i• - • '1 'hat ../ 121/2/ • i • • • • , _ — /ea to ....4• A6, . •-‘ Share in the et.3 Ott th CI: 04,i anti, which Sheire traniferable only at said Bank, 4 the said e - • Pe?"2 • r•-a - Attorney duly authoried. Witness my Hand, and the Seal of the President, Directors and Company of said Bank at Wo firs ter, this 2/47 — 41.1r Of •6 in the / ____ in Person, or by Share of stock in the Worcester Bank issued to Nathaniel Paine some 14 years after the first stock issue. Paper Money Benjamin Butler, at the Central Bank, this new bank was allowed to sell stock totalling $500,000. Its cashier was George Trumbull. In 1848, the Mechanics Bank began business with a $200,000 stock base under the direction of Alexander DeWitt, president, and Parley Hammond, cashier. The last of the pre-war banks was the City Bank (1854) with George Richardson and Parley Hammond starting business with $300,000 worth of stock. 2 The notes issued by these banks turn up fairly regularly in catalogs and auctions of obsolete currency. The earlier notes are without a printer's imprint but the later ones show a variety of manufacture: many were made by the New England Bank Note Company or by Rawdon Wright Hatch and Edson. If we examine Wismer's list, however, some interesting information comes to light. For the six banks described above there seems to be little or no problem. He also lists the Commercial Bank and the Merchants Bank, both of which were college scrip, the latter being issued by Howe's Business College in the 1860's. 3 The historical record makes no mention at all of his "Western Bank" and it is my opinion that this is a mistaken reference to the Western Bank of Springfield, since the descriptions Page 191 are exactly the same as those for Wismer numbers 2134 through 2142. 4 The final mystery is presented by Wismer's cryptic mention of "John Boyden's Bank". Again, the histories make no mention of any such bank. There were three men by that name listed in the Directories for the town but none were identified as having anything to do with banking. The savings bank movement in Worcester before the Civil War deserves at least brief mention. The first savings bank was begun in 1828, in association with the Worcester Bank. It was (and is) called the Worcester County Institution for Savings. This was followed by the Worcester Mechanics Savings Bank in 1851 and the Worcester Five Cent Savings Bank in 1854. Ten years later saw the start of the Peoples Savings Bank If all these bank names are a little confusing, let me add yet another piece of the Worcester banking puzzle. In 1849, the Worcester County Bank was established; it began in the village of Blackstone, in the southern part of Worcester County, and Tymeson states that "it was not connected in any way with the town of Worcester"; it 1850 note of the Worcester Bank. Note issued by the Worcester Bank during its first year of operation; signed by Leui Thaxter and Daniel Waldo, Sr. 4 *4,4 Page 192 was moved to Franklin in 1873. 5 Thus the Worcester Bank was in Worcester, the Worcester County Bank was in Blackstone, and the Blackstone Bank was in Uxbridge. But THAT is another story. Finally, though it is not directly connected to the focus of this article, the changes brought about by the National Banking Act did have a fascinating effect on Worcester banks. The Worcester Bank combined with the Quinsigamond, City, Citizens, and Central Banks and the Worcester Safe Deposit and Trust Company to form the Worcester Trust Company, ending one phase of banking growth in that area. 6 It was a time filled with new developments, changes in names, shifts of personnel, and some beautiful banknotes. FOOTNOTES 1 Tymeson, M. M. Worcester Bankbook, From Country Barter to County Bank, Worcester County National Bank, Worcester, 1966, pp. 11-36. Whole No. 94 2 Nutt, C. History of Worcester and Its People, Volume II, Lewis Historical Publishing Co., New York City, 1919. Numismatic and Antiquarian Service Corporation of America, The New England Obsolete Bank Note Collection, NASCA, Rockville Centre, Long Island, New York, 1978, p. 117. a Wismer, D. C. The Obsolete Bank Notes of New England, Quarterman Publications, Boston, 1972, p. 76 and pp. 186- 188. 5 Tymeson, M. M. Worcester County and Its Bank, Worcester County National Bank, Worcester, 1965. 6 Nelson, J. Worcester County, A Narrative History. American Historical Society, New York, 1934. EMINENIS Harry Jones Finds Fold Error SPMCer Harry Jones, for specialist located in Cleveland, submitted the photos of a wild fold error on a Series 1977A $5 FRN from position H4 on the sheet. The note was severely folded during the first printing operation on the reverse. The sheet unfolded slightly during the second printing and the overprinting. Paper Money Page 193 / )(2.1_,-// ( /7)- 6///,..... (sTr 7 S ,C); /67- / 7.)'5 . ez-e-L- r.).,---.P' t-G .,-(;7 b?. ,.9a '61 ri12 . 4 1.-rf -- -- 0 u Aif )4 4100-4) ‘.31_,Jt;,7 . 1 I Cr€/k I Si- Y, 11-1 t/L4'' -'-; (p "•- t, 4,/ . .• "PCA-,,,-.;2 • ?4% ,, '7 0-6k 4- r.3 co. ; S7 ,7,i • L Lr. • - L -:(-1 6 (/ A t 6,-(717.) rd ,waiga.;" Figure 1. An Ohio Farmer's Notebooks A Paper Money Legacy By ROBERT C. McCURDY Imagine, if you will, a time when paper currency was so distrusted that a businessman would be forced to record a description of every banknote he received, and from whom and when he received it. That was the situation which existed in the United States prior to the advent of the federal currency system which grew out of the Civil War. The author recently had the good fortune to discover nine account books dating from 1857 to 1871 among a group of antique newspapers, deeds, letters and other paper memorabilia. The account books had been maintained by one Harvey Lamoree of Ripley, Huron County, Ohio. From their contents, it appears that Mr. Lamoree was a merchant farmer and "vest-pocket" banker. He was also a very meticulous man. detailed record of the issuing bank, date and serial number of each and every banknote that passed through Mr. Lamoree's hands until well into the time when Demand notes and Legal Tender notes had displaced private bank notes from circulation The books contain a wealt reformation concerning issuing banks, their branches, denominations, issue dates and serial number ranges of notes circulating in the north central region of Ohio during the 1850's and 1860's. We must assume that the information contained in the account books is accurate, since Harvey Lamoree had a very real interest in being able to later identify who had given him a particular note, if it proved to be a forgery or a "broken bank" issue. From the viewpoint of the paper money collector, the account books are a fortunate find because they give a The account books themselves appear to be / /49 / 6a, . L 4 (y 6%7,3 \)' I ; / \--71:671 "Ar: : ‘-1, ..c.k.4-f ( . 1;2; `.'-' 6 1- 4 r 2 -. . ,. t t.-- - . 914.4 1 . / ---,')‘ Pril,c., Lo-ejt-t-i' t4-1, (",6-;a,.-1/1 1 .; --"1 2_'.-1--'/'•:r6k7 /.. • ',; 0, it e)i.'14 ,-16,1-1-,v, ) "...2 ,.AciLy4,- ,L.-, /...) , Page 194 ? -1, / 6161, g°,-" (,)frz-0-4,4,-- AA rh.),,,f p,...66,4-4-A-ya--- 1-• 1_2_ii ( 1.1-- .1 0,-"„--/ 2721//s -.- /If-C poni26 /J-5-/-J .4 ana--,---,14:2•0_, 1- --- C_.4:-/7 /PI' • AP 7C of-ax / / 5-5 -2,_ . I t o- //2 a A., 4, ( 5- zi P J6 oi../ / S- 3 ".--{ // / / ,g6,.., /, / 4 1,/1 /3-1 4-n.., /, / S 5 • C / /.— _. ____ ___ (ilka,cli 0 ✓ t Lylir I 5-3 5 - 916) 1 1 t r- ''' /S- OL-0-,AA------, '4,--,.. ' ( 10C, g.Afl- si . ( ScS i-)....-e.c._,,,,.. .,,,,,,,,t 4 ,,,„,o, AL4,,,,,,,c,---::- ' ' '-4--- (5- ,g, '/ / •S -- 51--- --7_e_a_ 02--vo AIG 7/ Cr 6Ca- C-C,) A- ..: fc---?-- /' / 0 5'''-4:1-C& ) C<-<-,4F lif-,•.-J--4=r- 9-e,- ,--- .&: ,,,-Ii • ei./ 0-3 ..,/i-,,,..-Z, c9,...7 / / / 0 . 5 -' - ": ), :• / , 2 0 (- -''''-'-'-'(/4-4--‘-■ 1. c,----‘-"/Z 7Z,-,.,__ei__. ; 1 ✓lzi / /z4_ al-c., & .. 5-, (5- 5 --- /.2 /2.,--4•=d3- -, ,c Co' 0,-,--Wc.--,-- &:4--- -,1-d' t4- 6 i ?‘ u6/9-e. ,-%-1-1/ fo , / 6 - .3-- ! /t 5->6 c`I'''"-'-,- c .,-r: 1 -t-:‘z‘ -C. :?-2< Ac-:-,---- --,--cJi:_ -./Zza-,e4: . —7/-- - Figure 2. homemade. Several sheets of paper have been folded in half, placed within a cover which looks to be made of brown wrapping paper, and then bound with a piece of twine threaded through the spine. Entries have been made in both ink and pencil. (See Figure 1.) The style of writing is both ornate and cramped, and at times, quite difficult to decipher. Mr. Lamoree used his own abbreviations, including "D" for "dollars", but more frequently, he simply wrote "1.10" to mean "one ten dollar bill." (See Figures 2 and 3.) The books also contain daily entries concerning purchase and sales of provisions, livestock and other items, as well as memoranda regarding money loaned and repaid. What follows is a direct transcription of an entry dated March 17, 1857, without translating the meaning of any part of the entry: Took of D. Farley 2 bills no. 13038, dated Aug 1st 1855. Chicago on right end. Took of D. Farley the following bills Corn. Branch Cleveland 3 D. no. 4538 date May 1, 1856 Corn. Branch Cleveland 3 D. no. 845 date May 21, 1853 Chilicothe 5 D. 1294 date Jan 1, 1849 Whole No. 94 V 4fi'21- e) •; /0_7- --/eck? Figure 3. Corn. Branch Cleveland 10 D. no. 218 date Sep 1st, 1846 Commercial branch, Cleveland, 20, no. 1217 May 19, 184 Merchant's Cleveland Branch 1 Dolo. 9 Date 185 Fairfield County Bank 2 D. no. 1752 Date March 3, 1856. March 17th/57 Recd. of W. Paine two bills 1 on the Dansville Bk no. 9267 Jay 1st 1852 2 on the Marine Bank of Providence no. 386 date July 27th, 1856. April 2nd. Sent me 3 bills 2-1$ & 1-2 2.1.$ White's Bank of Buffalo no. 8738 & 3380 Date Sep 1st 1854 & Aug 1st 1854 Recd the above of C. Fowler. 1. Merchant's Bk of Syracuse 2. March 1st, 1856 8285 Rec'd this of D. Maynard. It should be evident that these entries need a fair amount of deciphering, and that sometimes full dates and names are not shown. The task is not, however, impossible, and the tables that follow are an attempt to put the contents of Harvey Lamoree's account books into a form which may prove useful to collectors of obsolete United States currency. (Spellings used in the table are those of Mr. Lamoree.) .4; 8 Jenom. Bate Cer.ho• Brighton Market Bank 10-1-56 5266 11-1-56 14306 11-1-53 1088 11-2-56 7874 9-1-58 19733 9-1-60 32770 46489 11564 19300 17588 8005 4745 3583 2382 Howard Banking Company (no place listed) Leicester Sank Pittsfield Bank Pittsfield Bank Howard Banking Company (no place listed) Howard Bank, Boston Housatonic Bank, (no place listed) City Bank of 'Worcester City Bank of Worcester Granite Bank, Boston Hampden Sank Hampshire Manufacturer's Bank, Hare Housatonic Rank, Stockbridge City Bank of Worcester Revere Bank 11-1-53 6111 Webster Bank, Boston 9-15-53 6377 2-1-61 4610 3- -57 3296 NEW JERSEY 10-1-57 170 Clinton Bank of New Jersey 10-1-57 9-1-60 2300 Cumberland Bank, Bridgton 2817 10-1-57 Somerset County Bank 4-1-58 2434 Somerset County Bank 4787 Somerset County Bank Somerset County Bank 1-1-57 533 Somerset County Bank, Somerville66899-1-56 1650 FEB1 YORK1-18-48 1-18-48 12535 Albany _:xchange Bank 1-18-48 18035 Atlantic Bank 1-18-48 25282 Bank of Albion271461-18-48 Bank of Canandaigua 1-18-48 28592 Sank of Chenango, forwich 1-18-48 29523 Sank of Commerce, Carmel306271-18-48 Bank of the.commonwealth312481-18-48 Bank of the Commonwealth336791-18-48 Bank of Fayetteville, Ononda4a 34464 County1-18-48 Bank of Fayetteville, Onondaga County Sank of ayetteville, Onondaga County Bank of -ayetteville, Onondaga County hank of Havanna Bank of Havanna Sank of horwich Bank of Old Saratoga Bank of Orange County Bank of Otsego, Otsego County Bank of Rome, Oneida County $ 5.00 1-1-57 2402 Bank of Rome (no place listed) hank of Salena Rank of Silver Creek Bank of Silver Creek hank of Tioga, Owego Bank of Ulster, Saugerties Bank of Ulster, Saugerties Bank of West Troy Bank of White Hall Borsnet Bank (spelling doubtful), Syracuse Buffalo City Bank Buffalo City Bank Bull's Head Bank, New York City Bull's Head Bank, New York City Bull's Head Bank, New York City Bull's Head Bank, New York City Bull's Head Bank, New York City Bull's Head Bank, New York City Bull's Head Bank, New York City Bull's Head Bank, New York City Bull's Head Bank, New York City Butcher's and Drover's Bank, New York City Canajoharrie Bank Cayuga County Bank Cayuga County Bank Cayuga County Bank Cayuga County Bank Cayuga County Bank Central Bank, Cherry Valley Central City Bank Chautauqua County Bank, Jamestown Chemical Bank, New York City Chemung Canal Bank, Elmira Chester Bank, Orange County Clinton Bank, Buffalo Cuba Bank, Alleghany Cuba Bank, Alleghany Farmer's Bank of Washington County, Ft. Edward Farmer's and Drover's Bank, Westchester County Fort Stanwix Bank Frankfort Bank, Franklin County Genesee River Bank, Port Morris Genesee Valley Bank Genesee Valley Bank Glens Falls Bank Glens Falls Bank Groton River Bank Groton River Bank Groton River Bank Groton River Bank Groton River Bank Groton River Dank International Bank, Buffalo Leather Manufacturer's Bank, New York City Leather Manufacturer's Bank, New York City Lyons Sank Marine Bank, Oswego Merchant's Bank of Syracuse Penchant's A Mechanic's Bank, Troy 148 Merchant's Mechanic's Sank, Troy$ 5.00 - Perchant's & Mechanic's Hank, Troy $ 5.00 8-23-55 8 758. Merchant's A Mechanic's Bank, Tro"$10.00 - 2.00 5,00 3.00 3.00 5.00 5,00 5.00 5.00 3,00 3.00 3.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 5,00 5.00 5.00 5.00 1.00 3-1-58 9-1-53 11-1-57 7-1-61 5-1-57 1-1-58 $ 1.00 $ 2,00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5,00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 .5 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 .8 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 1.00 $ 3.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 6-1-54 6-1-54 1- -56 1-1-56 9-1-53 1- -55 1-1-59 1648 1853 6529 9469 2560 1187 4103 B .4; $20.00 5.00 $ 5,00 $ 5.00 $10.00 $20.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 $ 1.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $20.00 $ 3.00 $ 5.00 $20.00 $20.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $20.00 $ 5.00 8 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 8 3.00 $ 3.00 .„620.00 $10.00 G10.00 8, 5.00 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1 - 2 - 57 1-2-57 1-2-57 7-1-57 1 - 2 - 57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 7-1-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 1-2-57 2-2-57 7-1-57 7-1-57 1-2-57 6-11-52 6-11-52 11-1-55 2828 2926 439 5562 892 1863 4852 5109 1915 4032 1423 7569 11347 978 854 1916 88 1904 1030 1824 1072 5656 1916 2399 333 2502 5086 1148 1444 780 7109 9359 12759 $ 5.00 11-1-56 $ 1.00 8-12-56 $20.00 10-5-55 $20.00 3-1-59 $20.00 7-19-59 $ 5.00 9-15-57 $ 2.00 10-9-56 ,;; 5.00 8-8-59 $10.00 1-3-55 820.00 8-10-56 $10.00 1-12-56 $ 2.00 10-9-56 $ 3.00 9-2-53 4-; 3.00 10-8-57 $ 3.00 10-8-57 $10.00 12-1-52 $20.00 6-8-53 2091 875 4860 3356 263 399 832 408 223 318 2082 7949 69 488 5365 4365 1314 3575 5575 10403 12381 14105 13649 2218 9431 2760 1589 7115 810 8330 4257 5808 1133 1327 140 419 4276 8775 1791 1787 969 5059 8 8777 8791 65 6818 354 7 456 1849 1930 2095 2113 1907 2193 2282 2287 2269 1242 5485 984 7582 7396 7179 6449 5107 306 6350 2020 439 7499 860 2556 75 Paper Money Page 195 TABLE OF BANKNOTES Harvey Lamoree's Account Books CONNECTICUT? Aetna Bank, Hartford Charter Oak Bank, Hartford City Bank of Hartford Connecticutt Bank, Bridgeport Connecticutt Hank, Bridgeport Connecticutt Bank, Bridgeport Elm City Bank Exchange Bank, Hartford Fairfield County Bank, Norwalk Farmer's and Mechanic's bank, Hartford farmer's and Mechanic's Bank, Hartford Farmer's Bank of Bridgeport Farmer's Bank of Bridgeport Hartford Bank Hartford Bank Merchant's Bank, New Haven Merchant's and Manufacturer's Bank, Hartford Merchant's and Manufacturer's Bank, Hartford Merchant's and Manufacturer's Bank, Hartford Merchant's and Manufacturer's Bank, Hartford Merchant's and Manufacturer's Bank, Hartford Merchantile Bank, Hartford New London Bank New London Bank Norfolk Bank Pequonnock Bank, Bridgeport Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Phoenix Bank, Hartford Rockville sank aockville Bank Saus;atuck Bank Thames Lank Trader's Bank, New Haven GZORGIA Commercial Bank of Georgia INiIANA Bank of the State of Indiana Bedford Branch Connersville Branch Indianapolis Branch Indianhpolis Branch Jeffersonville Branch Jeffersonville Branch Laporte Branch Laporte Branch Laporte Branch Lawrenceburg Branch Lawrenceburg Branch Lawrenceburg Branch Lawrenceburs Branch lawrenceburg Branch Lima Branch Lima Branch Lima Branch Lima Branch Logansport Branch Logansport Branch Eadison .;ranch Richmond Branch Hichmond Branch Rushville Branch South Bend Branch South Bend Branch South Bend Branch Sank of the State of Indiana, cont'd Terre Haute Branch Terre Haute Branch Vincennes branch :airfield County lank airfield County Sank Southern Lank of Indiana hIaTGSKE hank of Ashlande Sank of Kentucky, Hopkinsville Branch Bank of hentucky (no branch listed) Bank of Louisville Dank of Louisville, Eurkesville Branch Commercial bank of Kentucky, Paducah Farmer's Bank of Kentucky, Covington Farmer's Sank of Kentucky, Somerset Farmer's Bank of Kentucky, Princeton Farmer's Bank of Kentucky (no place listed) Northern Bank of Kentucky, Bowdonsville Southern Bank of Kentucky, Russelville Southern Bank of Kentucky, Etusselville Southern Bank of Kentucky, Russelville Southern Bank of Kentucky, Russelville Southern Bank of Kentucky, Russelville Southern Bank of Kentucky (no place listed) MASSACHUSETTS Atlas Bank, Boston Bank of 8:utual Redemption, Boston Bedford Commercial Bank $ 5.00 3.00 $ 3.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $50.00 $1o.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 1.00 $10.00 $10.00 $10.00 $10.00 $10.00 8 5.00 $10.00 $ 1.00 3.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $20.00 $ 5.00 $ 3.00 ,P 5,00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 2.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 5.00 $10.00 $20.00 $ 2.00 $ 5.00 .510.00 4', 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 2.00 • 5.00 $ 5.00 1 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 • 5,00 $ 1.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 $10.00 $10.00 $10.00 $10.00 810.00 .10,00 • 1c.00 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 $ 2,00 $10.00 $10.00 $ 5.00 $ 1,00 8$ 2.00 $ 5.00 8 1.00 5 5.00 $20.00 $10.00 $ 1.00 • 5.00 $20.00 $100.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 „; 5.00 $ 1.00 $ 3.00 $20.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 $ 2.00 .10,00 •10.00 $10.00 9-1-58 3257 9-1-54 12169 9-1-59 17138 9-1-6 8713 - 425 11-13-58 36 2-1-60 810 1-4-58 3260 - 7645 11-1-62 1158 8-23-53 144 8-23-53 1336 - 634 - 5352 6-1-57 7305 - 8933 1 - 1 - 57 4742 4-1-55 9-6-53 1-1-53 7-1-55 2-2-60 1-2-61 7-1-37 2-20-55 182 2-1-54 1760 10-1-59 516 12-11-56 6743 11-1-58 2927 2-1-61 11-1-51 4016 11-1-57 5144 3 - 31 - 59 5233 1-16-60 9034 2-19-60 8962 11-4-58 7699 10-1-58 1725 1-1-58 2446 10-2-56 1583 3-1-56 8285 1-1-57 106 1-1-57 554 1-1-58 2699 1-1-59 3346 6-1 - -61 4-1-57 6- 28 - 58 11-1-56 5-5-53 5-5-53 9-1-54 9-13-55 7-15-54 8-1-54 7-17-58 2-4-61 8-15-56 6-19-56 3-24-59 11-15-61 4-1-53 9 - 1 - 6o 2 - 26 - 56 10-9-5 7-15-5 7-7-6, 7-7-59 6-1-52 7-25-61 1- -54 6-11-56 5-18-57 1-1-60 3-10-6o 9-25-60 9-25-60 11-14-60 5-5-61 5-7-61 5-7-61 5-8-61 8-1-37 1-1-52 1-1-52 7-1-58 7-1-59 9-1-57 6-1-59 10-3-54 10-9-56 9-1-59 3-26-58 10-26-58 7-15-55 7-15-55 2.00 9-1-56 257 Forest City Bank, Cleveland Iron Bank, Ironton Knox County Bank, Mt. Vernon Knox County Bank (no place listed) Mahoning County Bank Mansfield Bank Marine Bank, Toledo Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank, Cleveland Merchant's Bank of Massilon Merchant's Bank of Massilon Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Norwalk Bank Sandusky City Bank Springfield Bank Springfield Bank Stark County Bank, Canton Stark County Bank, Canton State Bank of Ohio Athens Branch Belmont Branch (no place listed) Belmont Branch, Bridgeport Cadiz Branch Chilicothe Branch Chilicothe Branch .hilicothe Branch Chilicothe Branch Commercial Branch, Chilicothe Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial 3ranch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial 3ranch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Commercial .:ranch, Cleveland Commercial Branch, Cleveland Cuyahoga :slim Branch Dayton Branch Delaware County Branch Delaware County Branch Delaware County Branch Delaware County Branch Delaware County Branch Delaware County Branch Exchange Branch, Columbus Exchange Branch, Columbus Exchange Branch, Columbus Exchange Branch, Columbus Bkchange Branch, Columbus Exchange Branch, Columbus Exchange Branch, Columbus Exchange Branch, Columbus Farmer's Branch, Ashtabula Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Mansfield Farmer's Branch, Ripley Page 196 Whole No. 94 Merchant's & Mechanic's Bank, Troy Merchant's & Mechanic's Bank, Troy )'iddletown Bank Mohawk Bank, Schenectady Mohawk Bank, Schenectady Mohawk River Bank New York & Erie Bank New York & Brie Bank New York & Erie Bank New York & Erie Bank New York Erie Bank, Buffalo New York State Bank, Albany New York State Bank, Albany New York State Bank, Albany New York State Bank, Albany Niagra River Bank, Buffalo Oneida Bank, Utica Oneida County Bank, Utica Oneida County Bank, Utica Otsego County Bank Palisade Bank, Yonkers Quanaick Bank, Newburgh Randall Bank, Cortland The Rochester Bank Rome Exchange Bank, Rome Rome Exchange Bank Saint Nicholas Bank Salt Spring Bank Schoharie County Sank Setauket Bank Slone City Bank (spelling doubtful) Steuben County Bank, Bath Steuben County Bank, Bath Steuben County Bank, Bath Steuben County Bank, Bath Sttuben County Bank, Bath Steuben County Bank, Bath Steuben County Bank, Bath Steuben County Bank, Bath Steuben County Bank, Bath Tompkins County Bank Tompkins County Bank Tompkins County Bank Tompkins County Bank Tompkins County Bank Tompkins County Bank Trader's Bank, Rochester Troy City Bank Union Bank, Rochester Union Bank, Rochester Union Bank, Rochester Union Bank, Rochester Union Bank, Rochester Uhion Bank of Kinderhook Union Bank of Rochester Union Bank of Rochester Union Bank of Troy Weedsport Bank Western Bank, Lockport White's Bank of Buffalo White's Bank of Buffalo Winter's Bank (spelling doubtful), Buffalo (?) Shore Bank OHIO Bank of Commerce, Cleveland -Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Sank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Commerce, Cleveland Bank of Jelaware, Ohio Bank of Delaware, Ohio Bank of Delaware, Ohio Bank of Geauga Bank of Mansfield Bank of Marion Bank of Marion Cayuga County Bank, Auburn Cayuga County Bank (no place listed) Champaign County Bank City Bank of Cleveland City Bank of Cleveland City Bank of Cleveland Dansville Bank Fairfield County Bank (no place listed) Fairfield County Bank, Norwalk Fairfield County Bank, Norwalk Farmer's Bank of Amsterdam Farmer's Bank of Ashtabula Farmer's Bank, Bridgeport Farmer's Bank of Lansingberg (spelling doubtful) Farmer's Bank of Lansingberg (spelling doubtful) Farmer's Bank of Lansingberg (spelling doubtful) Farmer's Bank of Lansingberg (opening doubtful) Farmer's Bank of Lansingberg (spelling doubtful) Farmer's Bank of Lansingberg (spelling doubtful) Farmer's Bank of Lansingberg (spelling doubtful) Farmer's Bank of Lansingberg (spelling doubtful) 10.00 1-1-60 4485 ,10.00 • 5.00 6-1 - -60 5183 $ 5.00 11-1-55 2153 $10.00 11-1-55 3100 $10.00 9-1-60 352? .1 5.00 8-1-56 2147 .6 5.00 2-18-57 2465 $ 5.00 8-1-57 3073 $ 5.00 8-1-57 3097 $ 5.00 5-1-61 4419 $ 5.00 9-1-54 33 $ 5.00 4-21-55 003 5 5.00 4-21-55 1028 4 5.00 4-8-56 2116 $ 5.00 10-4-58 • 5.00 4-1-48 816 $ 5.00 7-1-56 - $ 5.00 8-1-57 357 $10.00 5695 $ 3.00 5.00 3-7 - -57 600 $ 5.00 1-3-54 170 .3 5.00 5-7-60 1573 $10.00 8-20-59 419 $50.00 - - $ 2.00 12-5-59 646 $ 5.00 - $ 5.00 9-4-60 7426 S 2.00 10-1-60 1563 $ 5.00 4-1-56 7683 $ 1.00 7 -30- 59 388 $ 2.00 10_1_59 921 8 2.00 1-31-60 1377 8 5.00 10-3-57 5944 $ 5.00 2-12-58 6237 $ . 5.00 -25-59 9511 $ 5.00 3-5-61 2526 $10.00 6-15-53 2746 $20.00 7-4-56 3815 5 5.00 10-4-53 2687 $ 5.00 1-1-55 7664 $ 5.00 1-1-55 7849 $ 5.00 1-1-55 7860 $ 5.00 5- 1 - 56 8880 $ 5. 00 1- -59 1459 ▪ 1.00 • 2.00 6-1-58 5027 8 5.00 4-1-57 2837 $ 5.00 4-1-58 3663 $ 5.00 4-1-59 3996 $ 5.00 4-1-59 4186 $ 5.00 4-1-59 4229 $ 5 . 00 3-1-59 3003 $ 2.00 • 5.00 4-1- 56 1187 $ 5.00 8-7-60 1637 $ 5.00 12-1-54 9570 p 1.00 - $ 1.00 8-1-54 3380 - 1.00 9-1-54 8738 ' 5.00 10-20-56 3142 $.5.00 3-19-55 1507 5 5.00 6-1-57 3314 $ 5.00 9-1-58 6550 $ 5.00 11-1-58 8236 $10.00 9-1-58 5997 $10.00 9-1-58 7202 ‘,$1 0 . 0 0 9:21 :5 748 6-4- $10.00 11-1-58 8193 810.00 11-1-58 8904 $10.00 11-1-58 8923 $ 10.00 11-1-58 8937 $10.00 11-1-58 9356 $10.00 12-1-61 19159 • 5.00 8-7-58 957 $10.00 5-10-58 308 .510.00 8-28-58 2380 $ 1.00 8-25-60 9766 410.00 6-1-53 614 510.00 2-7-54 1352 $10.00 4-1-54 2361 $ 3.00 8-1-55 17 .1 5.00 6-1-53 4992 $ 5.00 3- -5_ 2920 .5 3.00 6-8-59 10734 .3 5.00 2-15-55 587 ....10.00 2-15-53 4341 .5 1.00 1-1-52 9207 $ 2.00 3 - 1 - 56 1752 $ 5.00 3- -56 2678 $10.00 3-3-56 2810 .5 5.00 9 - 1 - 58 9672 $10.00 7-1-53 573 $ 1.00 2-1-59 19207 4 5.00 4- 1 - 54 118 $ 5.00 4 - 1 - 54 131 8 5.00 4-1-54 148 J 5.00 4-1-54 400 4 5.00 4-1-54 1197 4 5.00 4-1-54 1630 4 5.00 4-1-54 1852 • 5.00 4-1-54 2248 3.00 5-7-60 3233 5 5.2?) 6 - 15-60 827 3 $20 0 1-1-57 7043 V (0)8. 10415 1 U 9 $ 5.00 11-20-55 37 $ 5.00 10- -5 324 $5.00 ,,-,-5T 403 $ 5.00 8-1-56 537 679 $ 5 :2 906 861 $ 5.00 12-1-56 $ 5 0 6-1-55 2439 $10.00 - 250 $10.00 6-1-53 389 $10.00 2-1-57 758 $10.00 8-1-57 1814 $10.00 3-1-58 1893 $ 5.00 1-1-56 5285 r5: (0) $ 5 0 2-25-54 1220 $ 5.00 11-27-54 1806 $ 5. 00 7-1-55 3134 4865 5.00. I 1-24-56 344_ $ 5.00 5-18-59 5194 Mr0 8'102 7 13 1094 $10.00 10-7-53 335 $10.00 12-14-53 351 $10.00 11-27-54 969 $10.00 11-27-54 987 $10.00 6-9-55 1307 $10.00 8-23-55 1512 $10.00 8-21-56 1907 M.(% t1500:00(6) 3-1-55 7 - 16 - 57 2362 991 • 10.00 2-1-47 - $10 0 4-24- 54 2645 $10.00 1-3-59 10527 $10.00 7-1-55 2078 $10.00 7-15-61 5560 $10.00 11-1-61 - $ 1.00 1-1-61 3382 $ 5.00 4-1-56 2007 $10.00 9-1-56 1008 t 55:(0)1?) 7-4-53 49 9-2-58 -4 $10.00 3-5-57 - - $'10.00 6-18-57 5 .00 1-1-49 0 ) () ;2 9 12944 - $ 3.00 5-21-53 845 $ 3.00 5-1-56 4538 $ 5.00 2543 5 5.00 5-1-53 5617 $ 5.00 7-1-57 6503 $ 5.00 7-1-57 6511 $ 5.00 7-1-57 6546 $ 5.00 12-1-57 7073 $ 5.00 8-1-58 $ 5.00 9-1-58 5.00 5-2-59 4310.00 6-19-45 859 $10.00 6-19-46 1003 $10.00 9-1-46 218 $10.00 810.00 2:1:54 2504 $10.00 5-1-56 1056 910.00 1-1-57 1225 $10.00 6-1-57 1254 810.00 7-1-57 1521 .510.00 11-1-57 1679 $10.00 5-3-58 85 $10.00 5-1-59 - .82 .00 5-19-4 .820.00 $20.00 .510.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 510.00 V.2: (2 $ 3.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 2),:2 $10.00 $10.00 $20.00 $10.00 3 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 510.00 $10.00 $10.00 410.00 $10.00 9-1-57 - 5 - 1 - 59 - 1-10-55 3-4-56 Ll 619 1736 2-11-57 2535 8-22-60 3189 11-22-5 28 7-10-55 976 1334 5-20-57 376 1087 10-1-36 1659 6-1-53 198 6-25-55 2585 12-3-59 1575 12-3-59 817 1-1-58 558 1-8-56 947 6-0-57 2418 6-1-57 2600 2-1-58 - 10-1-52 196 1-8-54 294 6-1-55 566 3-4-56 1126 4- -5_ 425 3-16-50 48 PENNSYLVANIA Alleghany Bank Alleghany Bank Alleghany Dank Alleghany Bank Alleghany Dank Alleghany Dank Alleghany Bank Alleghany Bank Alleghany Bank, Pittsburg Allen County Bank Rank of Pittsburg Citizen's lank of Pittsburg Exchange Bank, Pittsburg Exchange bank, Pittsburg Farmer's & Drover's Bank, Waynesburg Iron City Sank, Pittsburg Merchant's & rIanufacturer's bank, Pittsburg York County Bank RHODE ISLAND American Bank ?merican Bank American Bank American Bank Butcher's & Drover's Bank, Providence Charter Oak Bank Continental Bank, Providence Marine Bank of Providence Mechanic's & Manufacturer's Bank Merchant's Bank, Providence Merchant's Bank, Providence VERMONT Bank of Montpelier Commercial Bank, Burlington Orange County Bank, Chelsea Union Bank of Swanton Falls Union Bank of Swanton Falls VIRGINIA Bank of the Commonwealth Bank of the Valley, Winchester Merchant's & Mechanic's Bank, Wheeling Merchant's & Mechanic's Bank, Wheeling Merchant's & Mechanic's Bank, Wheeling Merchant's & Mechanic's Bank, Wheeling Merchant's & Mechanic's Bank of Wheeling, Point Pleasant Northwestern Bank of Virginia, Wheeling Northwestern Bank of Virginia, Wheeling Northwestern Bank of Virginia (no place listed) UNITED STATES DEMAND NOTES Place where payable not listed, all dated 8-10-61 5.00 5064 5.00 83519 10.00 22610 10.00 60136 10.00 65537 20.00 7546 20,00 7547 20.00 7548 UNITED STATES LEGAL TENDER NOTES Lamoree lists these an "greenbacks". No dates on most, but mentions 3-10-62 on some.l He listed only $10.00 and up. $ 1 0. 00 $ 10.00 n 10,00 y 10.00 4 10,00 $ 10.00 $ 10.00 $ 10.00 $ 10.00 $ 10.00 10.00 $ 20.00 $ 20.00 $ 20.00 y 20,00 $ 20.00 .5 20.00 $ 20.00 $ 50.00 $ 50.00 $ 50.00 $100.00 $100.00 $100.00 $100.00 Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series Series 1 2 2 3 6 6 7 9 12 12 3 4 5 6 6 7 7 1 3 4492 57718 70391 11426 18855 18858 64120 69425 99045 99046 51686 7724 33493 13827 67191 96897 6126 25592 23482 33065 10009 16106 16197 45993 42714 9224 48024 1-1-58 1-1-58 1-1-58 1-1-58 1-1-58 1-1-58 9-10-57 7-1-62 1-1-58 4-1-58 7-1-57 6-4-61 5-7 - -58 6-20-58 6-1-58 8-1-60 - 15 19 20 19 10-1- - 56 55 14189 188 7-27 - -56 386 38 10-25-51 56 9-14-61 69 $ 2.00 10-1-60 $ 1.00 10-1-60 16443 $ 5.00 1-1-59 2874 $ 3.00 1-2-57 17978 $20.00 1-2-56 512 5-5-5_ 5808 7-1-57 227 9 48 4848 5 1-51 6008 10- 8 12756 10-1-58 13370 $ 5.00 10 - 15 - 58 2353 $ 5.00 3-24-53 2721 $ 5.00 2-24-59 812 $10.00 4-20-59 2118 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 y 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 214 527 562 584 603 664 774 978 370 189 424 5547 26162 6159 6367 4511 5237 417 $ 5.00 $5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 5.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 3100.00 :5 5.00 $10.00 „; 5.00 • 5.00 $10.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 $10.00 $ 2.00 .510.00 $ 5.00 $ 5.00 Paper Money Page 197 Farmer's Branch, Ripley Farmer's Branch, Ripley Farmer's Branch, Ripley Farmer's Branch, Salem Farmer's Branch, Salem Farmer's Branch, Salem Farmer's Branch, Salem Farmer's Branch, Salem Farmer's Branch, Salem Franklin County Branch, Columbus Franklin County Branch, Columbus Franklin County Branch, Columbus Franklin County Branch, Columbus Franklin County Branch, Columbus Franklin County Branch, Columbus Franklin County Branch, Columbus Franklin County Branch, Columbus Harrison County Branch, Cadiz Harrison County Branch, Cadiz Harrison County Branch, Cadiz Harrison County Branch, Cadiz Harrison County Branch, Cadiz Hocking Valley Branch, Lancaster Jefferson County Branch, Steubenville Jefferson County Branch, (no place listed) Jefferson County Branch, Steubenville Knox County Branch, (no place listed) Knox County Branch, (no place listed) Knox County Branch, Mt, Vernon Knox County Branch, Mt, Vernon Logan Branch Logan Branch Logan Branch Logan Branch Lorain Branch, Elyria Lorain Branch, Elyria Lorain Branch (no place listed) Lorain Branch. Elyria Lorain Branch, Elyria Had River Valley Branch, Springfield Had River ';alley Branch, Springfield Had River Valley Branch. Springfield Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch TLansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Mansfield Branch Marietta Branch Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Merchant's Branch, Cleveland Mount Pleasant Branch Mount Pleasant Branch Muskingham Branch, Zanesville Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Norwalk Branch Piqua Branch Piqua Branch Piqua Branch Portage County Branch, Ravenna Portage County Branch, Ravenna Portsmouth Branch Portsmouth Branch Portsmouth Branch Portsmouth Branch Portsmouth Branch Portsmouth Branch Preble County Branch (no place listed) Preble County Branch (no place listed) Preble County Branch, Eaton Ripley Branch Ross County Branch, Chilicothe Ross County Branch, Chilicothe Ross County Branch (no place listed) Summit County Branch, Cuyahoga Falls Summit County Branch, Cuyahoga Falls Summit County Branch, (no place listed) Toledo Branch Union Branch, Massilon Union. Branch, Massilon Union Branch, Massilon Union Branch, Massilon Union Branch, Massilon Wayne County Branch, Wooster Wayne County Branch, Wooster Wayne County Branch, Booster Wayne County Branch, Wooster Xenia Branch (no branch or place listed) 10.00 5-9-53 4661 3 10.00 8-29-55 5115 520.00 5-23-59 7226 $ 5.00 10-7-56 176 $ 5.00 6-22-57 109 5 5.00 7-21-59 835 $ 5.00 7-21-59 836 $10.00 7-24-53 241 $10.00 8-1-56 1151 $ 3.00 1-2-57 2494 $ 3.00 2-24-57 203? $ 5.00 - $10.00 10-7-54 197 $10.00 6-10-56 2320 $10.00 8-21-57 2977 $10.00 2-2-59 142 $10.00 2-9-59 384 y 1.00 1-17-58 6732 y 5.00 10-22-54 368 $10.00 11-3-53 107 $10.00 3-9-54 575 $10.00 6-12-60 2324 $10.00 8 -30 - 54 6603 $ 5.00 11-23-58 2594 410.00 5-29-55 507 $20.00 8-22-57 156 $ 1.00 3-1-60 443 $ 5.00 7-1-54 786 $ 5.00 6-1-60 3 $ 5.00 6-1-60 55 $ 2.00 10-1-59 1278 $ 5.00 1-1-53 70 $ 5.00 8-2-58 1484 $10.00 8 - 23 - 56 797 $ 2.00 5-20-58 566 $ 5.00 6-22-55 203 $ 5.00 5-16-59 384 $10.00 8-20-57 712 $10.00 8-20-59 958 5 5.00 3 - 1 - 55 400 $10.00 7-22-58 1808 $20.00 5-21-58 674 .5 1.00 - - $ 5.00 1-8-53 283 $20.00 7-4-56 25 $20.00 6-1-59 747 $20.00 6-1-59 748 y20.00 6-1-59 807 $20.00 6-1-59 825 $20.00 6-1-59 843 ,20.00 6-1-59 847 $20.00 6-1-59 848 $20.00 6-1-59 849 $20,00 6-1-59 850 $20.00 6-1-59 851 $20.00 6-1-59 852 $ 5.00 11-5-56 - .$ 5.00 5- - 5_ - $ 5.00 1-1-55 510.00 6-1-54 131 310.00 6-1-5 47 310.00 6-1-54 94 $10.00 3-1-56 151 $10.00 5-1-56 310 $10.00 8-1-56 548 $10.00 8- - 56 579 $20.00 1-1-60 92 t' 10.00 11-26-59 123 20.00 12-15-56 119 $10.00 12-1-59 2105 $ 5.00 8-4-56 761 $10.00 3-27-54 1085 $10.00 11-27-54 1142 $10.00 6-19-55 1359 $10.00 7-19-55 1410 510.00 3-20-56 1708 310.00 3-20-56 1712 $10.00 3-20-56 1728 $10.00 5-19-56 1778 $10.00 1-1-58 2428 $10.00 2 - 9 - 59 2825 $10.00 2-15-53 9 $10.00 10-10-53 609 $10.00 4-1-54 193 $ 5.00 5-2-59 844 10.00 11 - 26 - 58 522 5 2.00 3-1-59 993 $ 5.00 7-9-55 1055 5.00 1-1-56 1882 4,10.00 6-20-5 1503 $10.00 1-8-53 273 $10.00 7-9-53 506 $ 5.00 - 628 $ 5.00 - 1743 ,;20.00 3 - 24 - 54 280 $20.00 7-3-58 763 $ 3.00 7-27-57 - $10.00 5-23-53 13 120.00 1-20-59 - 3.00 8- - 5_ 146 5.00 8-20-53 240 y10.00 3-1-54 1557 $10.00 8-20-55 170 $ 5.00 5-1-53 409 $5-00 9-1-53 657 $ 5.00 12-1-58 3429 $10.00 6-1-54 419 $20.00 8 - 1 -60 566 $ 5.00 9-1-53 112 $ 5.00 4-7-58 3858 .,-; 5.00 11-18-58 4198 $10.00 9-3-56 2002 ..; 5.00 6-20-53 492 .410.00 6-1-53 243 ,ft sSeAl Page 198 Whole No. 94 Predicting the Possible Existence of Unknown National Currency by David A. Brase INTRODUCTION Undoubtedly, there are many collectors of National Currency who, after spending many years searching for a note from a particular bank or town without success, have begun to wonder whether it is worth the effort to even hope that such a note might eventually turn up. The purpose of this article is to show how one collector, given a certain amount of information, used a small hand-held calculator to predict the possible existence of notes he needed for his collection. In 1973, I became interested in collecting Third Charter National Currency from my home county, Orange County, California, and within about five years, was able to acquire blue-seal, plain-back (type 3) notes from half of the 20 banks in Orange County which issued Third Charter National Currency. During the same period of time, W. K. "Bill" Raymond in Fresno had been compiling a list of all the known California Nationals in several major collections, as well as newly- appearing notes reported to him by various currency dealers and collectors. By 1977, this list contained over 3,000 notes and nearly 3,000 more have been added since then. Also around this time, information compiled by Louis Van Belkum and collaborators regarding the types, denominations and amounts of National Currency issued by each National Bank in the U. S. became readily available. Then in 1978 the question arose, "What are the chances that the other ten notes needed for my collection will turn up?" It became apparent that these two sources of information (notes known, amount issued) could be used to calculate, first, whether there was a good correlation between the number of Orange County notes known to still exist and the number or amount of Orange County notes issued, and second, the probability of unknown Orange County notes still existing. Methods The type of calculation involved is called a linear regression. It can be displayed graphically, as shown in Figure 2, by what is known as an x-y plot. In this plot, equally-spaced intervals along the x-axis (horizontal line) can represent the amount of currency or number of notes issued, and equally-spaced intervals along the y- Fig. 1: The probable existence of this note was predicted by linear regression six months before it first turned up at a Washington, D. C. area coin show. 3 0 z 20 0 z I- 0 1 0 Paper Money Page 199 AMOUNT ISSUED ($ MILLIONS) Fig. 2: Linear regression, by towns, of Orange County, California, series of 1902 blue-seal, plain-back National Currency reported by the end of 1978. The equation of the line axis (vertical line) can represent the number of notes known. These two pieces of information for each bank or town will result in one point on the x-y plot. After a number of points have been plotted, the next step is to draw the best straight line through the points. It is possible that none of the points will actually fall on the line, and the more the points are scattered, the harder it is to eyeball the best straight line to fit the points. Because of the scatter, it is better to calculate the best straight line by linear regression. This defines the line by the equation, y = mx + b, where m is the slope of the line, and b is the x-intercept, the point on the y-axis intersected by the line when x = 0. This is too time- consuming to calculate with pencil and paper, but fortunately, a few modern hand-held calculators will do the calculations automatically. The one used for this article was a Texas Instruments model SR-51A. Once the line has been produced, either graphically or mathematically, one can then use the line (or equation) to predict how many notes should be known for a given amount or number of notes issued. For example, if a bank (or banks in a town) issued $500,000 worth of notes, find that amount on the x-axis and draw a vertical line from that position on the x-axis to the line is y = 5.70x + 0.151 with a correlation coefficient of 0.990. Onl) 10 points for the 11 towns are shown, because the points for Huntington Beach and La Habra overlap. going through the points. Then where these two lines intersect, draw a horizontal line across to the y-axis to get the number of notes which should presently be known for a total issued of $500,000 worth of notes. The accuracy of this number depends partly upon how well the plotted points fit the line, and this can be determined by calculating a correlation coefficient. To calculate the correlation coefficient, one needs to do two linear regression calculations. The equation y = mx + b is calculated as before, and then x = my + b is calculated by reversing the order in which the numbers are entered into the calculator. The two slopes and two intercepts will not be identical. The correlation coefficient is calculated by multiplying the first slope by the second slope and taking the square root of the resulting number. The correlation coefficient will lie somewhere between 0 and 1, unless all of the points fall right on the line, in which case the correlation coefficient will equal 1. The larger the number of points (banks or towns) used to calculate the regression line and the closer the correlation coefficient is to 1, the more accurate will be your estimate of notes that should be known. Page 200 Please remember that these calculations do not predict the total number of notes still existing from a bank or town, but they indicate the probable existence of notes that should have, under ideal circumstances, already been reported. This is because the calculations are not based upon the total number of existing notes, but are based upon existing notes that have already been reported. Thus, as additional notes from the various banks used in the calculations are reported in the future, the probability of an unknown note turning up will increase. Another way of looking at it is that these calculations cannot predict the non-existence of notes you are looking for, unless all the existing notes from all the banks used in the calculations have been reported (which is not very likely). Of course, a major assumption involved in these calculations, which cannot be proven, is that an unknown note from a particular area of the country has the same chance (or probatility) of surviving as notes from the same area that have already been reported. Results Table 1 presents the data used to calculate the linear regression for Orange County banks at the end of 1978, as well as some of the results of the calculations. Since there was a better correlation between amount issued and notes known (correlation coefficient = 0.978) than between number of notes issued and notes known (correlation coefficient = 0.943), the column headed "pro- bable notes by regression" was calculated from the linear regression equation, y = 0.005276x + 0.315, where x = the amount issued (in thousands of dollars) and y = the number of notes which should be known under ideal circumstances. The last column shows that the equation predicted one additional note from each of six banks, assuming that a probability of 0.9 is good enough to predict one note. These predictions have not done badly, so far. Within less than two and one-half years after the original calculations, three of the six predicted notes from banks have turned up. The success rate is even better if one considers the towns of Orange County, rather than the individual banks. The equation for the regression line shown in Figure 1 predicted one additional note from each of five towns: Anaheim, Garden Grove, Huntington Beach, La Habra and Tustin. The predicted notes from four of these towns have since turned up, giving a success rate of 80%. Two of these notes (Garden Grove and La Habra) I needed for my collection, but another collector got to them first. A third note, the Tustin note pictured in this article, I did not need; however, I bought it so that I could trade my other Tustin note for a previously known Placentia note which I did need for my collection. In addition, several other notes that were not predicted by the original calculations have since been reported. When the notes that have turned up since 1978 are included in a new linear regression calculation, the Whole No. 94 resulting equation is y = 0.006522x + 0.683 with a corre- lation coefficient of 0.976. Thus, the additional notes have not significantly affected the correlation between amount issued and notes known; but the increases in the slope and intercept indicate that not only is the probable existence of unknown notes increased, but also other notes are now predicted that were not predicted by the original calculations. This new data is shown in Table 2. It will be very interesting, indeed, to see whether three of the six notes predicted by the new equation will turn up within the next two and one-half years. Only time will tell. DISCUSSION The finding that there was a better correlation between notes known and amount issued than number of notes issued could, at least partly, reflect different chances of survival for different denominations. For example, the First National Bank of Garden Grove had the second highest issue of Third Charter type 3 notes, but fewer notes are known from this bank than from the Anaheim National Bank (charter no. 10228) and the two banks in Orange, which issued fewer notes. However, the bank in Garden Grove only issued $5's, whereas these other banks only issued $10's and $20's. Thus, it is possible that $5's did not survive as long in circulation as did $10's or $20's. Apparently, using amount issued rather than number of notes issued in the linear regression calculation corrects for this unequal survival to some extent. I have not attempted to do the same type of calculations for series of 1929 National Currency from Orange County but do forsee potential problems in trying this. A major problem is that, unlike the Third Charter notes, there are several uncut and cut sheets of uncirculated notes among the Orange County 1929 issues. These were likely saved as souvenirs by various bank officers. Such souvenir saving on a large scale for some banks would nullify the basic assumption required for the linear regression, that of equal chances for survival of notes issued by the various banks included in the calculations. Possibly, one could circumvent this problem by including only the known circulated notes in the calculations. However, this may lead to falsely low estimates of probable notes if, in some cases, the only known notes from a bank are uncirculated ones that were saved as souvenirs. It is possible that some of the Third Charter Orange County notes used in the present calculations were also saved as souvenirs. For example, the new equation estimated two plain-back notes from Placentia, but there are five known plain-back notes (and one dated- back) from this bank. Three of these, however, are still in the hands of relatives of the bank's officers (Bill Raymond, personal communication). Examples like this may account for the y-intercept of the regression Paper Money line being greater than zero. Apparently, the extent of souvenir saving among the Third Charter C-ange County notes is not great enough to interfere with the ability of linear regression to predict notes with at least a 50% success rate. Page 201 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to thank Bill Raymond, Charles Colver, Gerald Briggs and R. Thomas Porter for supplying information used in the calculations. Table 1 LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS BY BANKS OF ORANGE COUNTY SERIES OF 1902 BLUE-SEAL, PLAIN-BACK NATIONAL CURRENCY REPORTED BY THE END OF 1978 CHARTER NUMBER CITY AMOUNT ISSUED $1000) NUMBER OF NOTES ISSUED NOTES KNOWN PROBABLE NOTES BY REGRESSION UNKNOWN NOTES PREDICTED 3520 Santa Ana 4136 330,880 22 22.1 0 5654 Fullerton 232 18,564 4 1.5 0 6481 Anaheim 720 57,612 3 4.1 1 7868 Huntington Beach 175 14,000 0 1.2 1 7980 Santa Ana 218 17,436 2 1.5 0 8181 Orange 1055 84,396 7 5.9 0 9538 Fullerton 140 11,164 1 1.0 0 9878 Orange* 842 67,376 6 4.8 0 9904 Santa Ana 501 64,276 3 3.0 0 10092 Placentia 234 29,804 2 1.5 0 10134 Tustin* 501 40,092 2 3.0 1 10228 Anaheim 456 36,504 3 2.7 0 10891 Olive 147 11,780 1 1.1 0 11251 Garden Grove 560 111,932 2 3.3 1 11823 Anaheim 36 2,904 0 0.5 0 11827 La Habra 174 22,352 0 1.2 1 11869 Santa Ana 566 45,272 3 3.3 0 12764 Fullerton 106 14,776 0 0.9 1 13001 Brea 77 15,364 2 0.7 0 13200 Santa Ana 61 12,120 1 0.6 0 *Includes data for series of 1902 blue-seal, dated-back notes, since amount of plain-back notes is not precisely known. Table 2 LINEAR REGRESSION BY BANKS OF ORANGE COUNTY SERIES OF 1902 BLUE-SEAL, PLAIN-BACK NATIONAL CURRENCY (1981) CHARTER NUMBER NOTES KNOWN PROBABLE NOTES BY REGRESSION UNKNOWN NOTES PREDICTED 3520 28 27.7 0 5654 4 2.2 0 6481 3 5.4 2 7868 0 1.8 1* 7980 2 2.1 0 8181 7 7.6 0 9538 1 1.6 0* 9878 7 6.2 0 9904 5 4.0 0 10092 5 2.2 0 10134 3 4.0 1 10288 5 3.7 0 10891 2 1.6 0 11251 4 4.3 0* 11823 2 0.9 0* 11827 1 1.8 0* 11869 3 4.4 1 12764 0 1.4 1* 13001 2 1.2 0* 13200 1 1.1 0 *Needed by the author. Page 202 Whole No. 94 $ THE PAPER COLUMN by Peter Huntoon If you ever visit Holbrook, Arizona, head south on Highway 77. When you get to the tracks, look over the old buildings to the south. One a couple of doors to the west - 103 West South Central to be exact - was the original home of the First National Bank of Holbrook. That bank, with a modest early history, was the cornerstone of the Great Western Bank and Trust Company which now boasts 30 branches and three mini-banks in 18 Arizona communities. Along in the 1950's, the old building was converted to a bar. Under years of accumulated dust and cobwebs, you can still see from the basic fixtures that this building was once a bank. The vault was transformed into a large beer cooler, and the large front windows were partially bricked over so patrons could lean on something safer than glass. You can still find the word BANK partially hidden behind a board above the front windows. Founding The First National was founded in 1922 by optimistic and foresighted local entrepreneurs. It was the 28th National Bank chartered in Arizona, and one of the smallest. The first group of officers included president W. R. Scorse and cashier J. M. Lee. Listed among early directors were Fred Schuster, J. C. Paulsell, and Julius C. Wetzler. A man who would become a prominent Holbrook personality, Lloyd C. Henning, replaced cashier J. M. Lee during the first year of operation. Henning was formerly the manager of the Navajo- Apache Bank and Trust Company's Holbrook branch (home office in Winslow). The First National Bank of Holbrook was started from scratch. Some of the founding families shared other Holbrook banking interests. The bank had two competitors when it was established: the Merchants and Stock Growers Bank, and the newly formed Bank of Holbrook. Both were state banks. H. H. Scorse and Adolph Schuster helped incorporate the Merchants and Stock Growers Bank in 1909. Julius Wetzler and Fred Wetzler were heavily involved in the Bank of Holbrook. Quite obviously these families believed in the future of Holbrook. When the First National Bank of Holbrook opened in 1922, Holbrook had a population of about 1,000. The fact that there were three banks in town bore silent testimony to the status of Holbrook as a prominent trade center in Arizona's vast Navajo country. Early Days Three names dominated the early days of the bank. In 1924, Thomas E. Taylor was named president of the The First National Bank of Holbrook, Arizona - A Little Bank That Made It Big! bank and Joseph R. McEvoy replaced Lloyd Henning as cashier. Henning advanced and in 1932 replaced Taylor as president. This trio saw the bank through very difficult times. The First National Bank of Holbrook would be the smallest National Bank in Arizona to survive the great depression. Holbrook felt the crunch as the great depression stymied the economy of the nation. During the depths of the depression, there were days when only two or three people wandered into the bank. Yet it remained open. The bank never sustained a run, demonstrating the confidence of the community in its management. Deposits fell off but through careful practices the bank remained solvent against tough odds. Other Arizona banks did not share such good fortunes. A look at the statistics for Arizona's National Banks shows just how rough things got before World War II again brought prosperity to the region. When the First National opened in 1922, there were 21 other national Banks in the state. Three more opened for business before 1936, including the First National in neighboring Winslow. Of these 25 banks, only seven survived the depression intact. Five failed outright. The others were absorbed by larger banks in life-saving mergers. Most of Arizona's depositors were protected, but in all, 18 National Banks disappeared between 1922 and 1936. Under the stewardship of president Henning, the First National Bank of Holbrook listed its 1935 assets at a mere $721,116. This compared to $27 million for the Valley National Bank of Phoenix! The hard years were history though, and prosperity faced the bank in the coming decades. $5 Nationals With a circulation of only $10,000, the First National Bank of Holbrook had the distinction of being the smallest note-issuing bank in Arizona to survive the depression. The bank issued only $5 notes as follows: 3837 sheets of 5-5-5-5 Series of 1902 Blue Seal Plain Backs, 1434 sheets of Series of 1929 type 1 $5's, and 2332 type 2 $5's. The bank's notes would rank among the greatest of Arizona rarities were it not for a hoard of $5's that was found in Snowflake about 15 years ago. At that time, someone found a group of notes in or under an abandoned building which contained several Nationals and assorted type notes, all large. Included were a 1902 PB $5 on Flagstaff (serial 7192-D), a 1902 PB $5 on Winslow (1804-C), and a 1902 PB $10 on Albuquerque, New Mexico. Several Holbrook notes were found, and I have been able to track down six of them with serials 2894-D, 2895-D, 2897, 2923-B, 3016-B, and 3033-D. Other Holbrook notes, and notes from other area banks, are • KINGMAN • KAYENTA CHINLE • TUBA CITY • Paper Money Page 203 ARLONA • KEAMS CANYON WINDOW ROCK • HOLBROOK • SNOWFLAKE • PINETOP ..(CLARKDALE) (JEROME) • PRESCOTT • PAYSON WINSLOW • SCOTTSDALE TEMPE PHOENIX at& Vrif • TUCSON • GREEN VALLEY • SONOITA Map showing the cities and towns served by offices of the Great Western Bank or its predecessors. Towns in () no longer have open branches. The Great Western Bank had its origins in the First National Bank of Holbrook. 1.. ,AltutO,Wiars otAintrfcit g'y Oli 'TM Ili MST ARM tilKt OF fUt BROOK ,LAV414 Page 204 certain to exist from the hoard. Once the hoard was found, it was turned into the Snowflake Branch of the First National Bank where the notes were widely distributed among interested townspeople. When you view the notes from the hoard, it is apparent that most of the Holbrook specimens were uncirculated or almost uncirculated when they were put away. Unfortunately, they were severely damaged by water so that most traces of the stamped signatures faded off the notes, and the notes are discolored and very brittle. Typical pieces have chips missing from the margins, and cracks extend into the design. Aside from this hoard, I have been able to document only two other large $5's from the bank. One is in fine condition with serial 3035-A (two sheets from the highest recorded serial in the hoard), and the other is a beautiful AU with serial 3814-B that was turned up by the late Harry Coleman of Tucson in the 1960's. Holbrook $5 Series of 1902 Blue Seal Plain Back. This one was found in a weathered hoard in Snowflake, Arizona, about 15 years ago. Small notes on the bank still rank among the rarest of Arizona's 1929 issues. In 1978, when I wrote about Arizona small notes (PAPER MONEY, v. 17, p. 249), I had located only one small note, a type 1 $5 in vg bearing serial A000129A. (This rare specimen had the Taylor-McEvoy signature combination. Recently I had the pleasure of seeing a of type 2 note on the bank with serial A002231.) This late issue piece sported the previously unknown Henning-McEvoy signature combination. The owner of the type 2 $5 assured me that a few more type 2 notes were extant. Holbrook National Bank Note signers Joseph Taylor Small size $5 Holbrook with signatores of J. R. McEvoy - cashier, and T. E. Taylor - president. Whole No. 94 Holbrook National Bank Note signers Joseph Taylor and Lloyd Henning eventually served as state senators. Taylor was first, being elected in 1933. Growth By 1951, the First National Bank had outgrown its quarters on South Central. On February 17, the bank was moved to 266 Navajo Boulevard, the same location now occupied by the Holbrook branch of the Great Western Bank. If you tour the "new" building, you will discover that a few additions have been made to it since 1951. Arizona's little National Bank began to spread its wings in 1960. On September 3, 1960, its first branch was opened in Snowflake. In 1962, the name of the bank was changed to the First Navajo National Bank of Holbrook. This marked a significant milestone in the growth of the bank. An agreement had been negotiated between the bank and the Navajo Nation whereby the bank would be the only bank to operate branches on Navajo lands in Arizona. The first tribal branch opened in Window Rock in August, 1962. Lloyd C. Henning - second cashier of the First national Bank of Holbrook. Later became its president. Served as a state senator. GREAT WESTERN BANK AND TRUST COMPANY, TUCSON OCT. 1,19613-DEC 31 196',, HOLBROOK OCT. I, 196B- PRESENT 004 PRESCOTT APRIL 1962- DEC 31, 1970 PIONEER BANK OF ARIZONA, PHOENIX APRIL 1,1962 - DEC. 31, 1969 ERGED BRANCHES BRANCHES FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF HOLBROOK 1922-JULY 15,1962 KINGMAN APRIL 8,1963- PRESENT KCLARKDALE 1920's-? ERGED ( CM AVAPAI SAVINGS BANK) FEB. 10, 1956- PRESCOTT AR. 9, 1959 F RESCOTT IRST SAVINGS BANK P MAR. 9, 19 9- OCT.1,1960 PIONEER BANK OF ARIZONA, PRESCOTT OCT. I, 1960- APRIL 1,1962 ( SANK OF PHOENIX PHOENIX OCT. 6, 19513- APRIL 1,1962 BRANCHES Paper Money PRINCIPAL BANKS Page 205 PERIPHERAL BANKS SNOWFLAKE SEPT 3, 1960 - PRESENT FIRST NAVAJO NATIONAL BANK, HOLBROOK JULY 15,1962 - 0071,1968 WINDOW ROCK AUG. 15,1962- PRESENT MERGED (BANK OF TUCSON OCT.1,1968 TUCSON APRIL 15,1959- BRANCHES 71.-YAVAPAI COUNTY SAV-'.\ INGS BANK, PRESCOTT SEPT. 5, 1906 - 10, 1956 BRANCHES <1=7 5 ?WINSLOW SEPT. 10,1962 - PRESENT SCOTTSDALE JAN. 20,1966 DEC. 31, 1970 Cy (GREAT WESTERN BANK-11.1\ AND TRUST COMPANY, PHOENIX DEC, 31,1969- PRESENT/ TUCSON DEC. 31, 1969- PRESENT BANK OF SCOTTSDALE SCOTTSDALE JUNE 30, 1960 - JAN.20,1966 MERGED BRANCHES OF PRINCIPAL BANKS BANKS MERGED WITH PRINCIPAL BANKS BRANCHES OF MERGED BANKS TUBA CITY AN. 1970- PRESENT GROWTH OF THE GREAT WESTERN BANK AND TRUST COMPANY 1906 - PRESENT CHINLE OCT. 1971- PRESENT —<KEAMS CANYON > JULY 1972 - PRESENT <GREEN VALLEY__ JAN. 1973 - > PRESENT (Only first branch in each city is shown) _<SONOITA FEB. 197 3 - PRESENT CornpHod 5 7 Pow Honloon Box 3681 Laramie, WY 82071 _</PAYS ON APRIL 1973- PRESENT EM PE NOV. 1974- PRESENT _<PINE TOP DEC.1974 PRESENT <KAYE N TA MAY 1977- PRESENT Page 206 Next came non-tribal branches in Winslow (1962) and Kingman (1963). The bank was developing into a major force in northern Arizona, and this was just the beginning. Great Western In a seemingly unrelated development, the Bank of Tucson was organized under a state charter in 1959. By 1968, the Bank of Tucson began to search for a partner in northern Arizona. The First Navajo National, with its very important Navajo franchise, was an ideal mate. A merger of the two would create a state-wide branch banking system. On October 1, 1968, the First Navajo National Bank and the Bank of Tucson merged. In the process they formed the Great Western. Bank with headquarters in Tucson. The Holbrook bank was converted into the Holbrook branch of Great Western. Another important merger took place on December 31, 1969, when the Great Western Bank of Tucson joined with the Pioneer Bank of Phoenix. The Great Western title was retained but the corporate headquarters were moved to Phoenix. Not only did the merger result in a new home office for Great Western, but three branches were added to the system: Prescott, Scottsdale, and Tucson. Whole No. 94 One historic footnote arising from the Pioneer merger was that the Pioneer Bank traces its roots to the Yavapai County Savings Bank of Prescott. As shown on the bank's family tree, this merger pushes the history of the bank back to 1906, 18 years before the opening of the First National Bank of Holbrook itself, and six years into the territorial period! Today The growth of the Great Western Bank has been stea- dy since 1969. The branch banking agreement between the First National Bank of Holbrook and the Navajo Nation has played a major role in the growth of the bank. The following tribal branches have been opened since the first one was established at Window Rock: Tuba City (1970), Chinle (1971), Keams Canyon (1972), and Kayenta (1977). The placement of these facilities on Indian lands made modern banking services available in what used to be one of the most remote parts of Arizona. There is no question that the bank has made a very positive impact on the commercial development of the area. Pride You wonder if Taylor, McEvoy, and Henning had any (Continued On Page 207) Joseph R. McEvoy - early cashier of the First National Bank of Holbrook. Original home of the First National Bank of Holbrook at 103 W South Central. The bank was convereted into a bar in the 1950's, then abandoned. Paper Money Page 207 jyti M 79939E it. .. ‘;;;,/, rrirsve•7 TE3,*aid*F1, If At First You Don't Succeed - Try - Try - Again! by Elvin B. Miller As a paper money collector with an ardent interest in Virginia National Bank Notes, occasionally I have the opportunity to appraise them. Recently a group of Virginia Nationals came in for that purpose. In the lot THE PAPER COLUMN by Peter Huntoon (Continued From Page 206) idea they were founding such a major Arizona bank as they withstood the battering of the depression. Could they foresee branches scattered throughout the state and a corporate headquarters in the state capital? The historic roots of fast-growing, large corporations are commonly lost in the shuffle. As the corporate managers of Great Western enjoy air conditioned, spacious offices in metropolitan Phoenix, do they realize that the original home of their bank still stands? After years of abuse, there is a dilapidated but proud building at 103 W. South Central in Holbrook that waits for recognition. The ghosts that haunt that place don't understand air conditioning, but they remember with pride spending one of their hometown $5's in a distant city! Acknowledgments Special thanks are due Orson W. Rogers, vice president, Holbrook office of the Great Western Bank, for information on the early history of the First National Bank of Holbrook. Ms. Ardy Hoffman, home office of Great Western, and Jennette Young, Arizona State Banking Department, located historical records which helped complete the bank's family tree. was one note that was very interesting. Below is a copy of the appraisal done on this note: $5 1902 The American N. B. of Richmond, CH 55229 F-606. 90,334 sheets of 5-5-5-5 were issued. This bank went into voluntary liquidation Dec. 29, 1928 and was succeeded by The American Bank of Richmond. Lat- er, when that bank failed, it became the largest bank failure in the state's history. Stamped sigs. of O. Bay- lor Hill (C) and Oliver J. Sands (P). See below note no. 48693 VG/F pressed Several systems were used to place the imprint of the cashier's and president's signatures on large size National Bank Notes. One system utilized by a number of the larger banks was to have a trusted bank official accompany the unsigned, uncut sheets to a local printer's shop. This printer would have a previously prepared plate that would print the required signatures of both of the signing officials on a full sheet of notes at one time. After the printing process was completed, the sheets were then cut by the printer and returned to the bank by the accompanying bank official. The previously described National Bank Note has the required signatures printed on the note in three different locations, each above the other. I would suggest that this is a printer's alignment error. As to the value, without the extra signatures - $35.00, with the additional signatures - ? This note now resides in the appraiser's collection along with National Bank Notes from 176 of the 224 issuing Virginia National Banks. SUPPORT YOUR SOCIETY The Society of Paper Money Collectors has an informative handout brochure available for the asking. Contained in the brochure is information on the Society and paper money in general. Take some with you to the next coin club meeting or show. Write S.P.M.C. secretary Del Beaudreau. Page 208 Whole No. 94 From California Gold Rush National Bank Charter No. 1741 to Great Depression Days By MICK BURKETT National Bank Charter #1741 is not a particularly early one as it was not assigned until seven years after the first charter was issued in 1863. The main interest in this charter is that it was the first one issued in California and to the first gold bank to issue gold notes to the public. The Kidder National Gold Bank of Boston, Mass.. Charter #1699, was the first gold bank charter to be issued in the United States, but there is no record of any circulation of its gold notes, and it was liquidated on November 8, 1972. The national gold banks were organized under the amended national banking legislation of July 12, 1870, which authorized establishment of these banks to issue notes redeemable in gold. The First National Gold Bank of San Francisco, Charter #1741, was chartered on November 30, 1870, and opened its doors to the public early in 1871 with issuance of its first gold notes. It was almost eighteen months before another bank was organized on June 3, 1872. Between 1870 and 1875, a total of nine gold banks were organized. Gold bank notes were gradually accepted by the public and finally achieved fair to good circulation. The amended authorization for gold banks required the banks to maintain twenty-five percent specie in reserve against their notes issued, versus a lesser requirement for national banks issuing regular notes. Furthermore, they could only circulate up to eighty percent of the value of bonds deposited with the Treasury, whereas regular national banks could circulate ninety percent value of their bonds. These restrictions on the gold banks reduced the profit to be made by their issuing privilege. Also, the great Charter 1741, First National Gold Bank of San Francisco $5 gold note. financial crisis and depression of 1873 in the East finally spread to the West and forced the first gold bank to suspend in the summer of 1875. Some other banks followed, and the refusal of one bank to redeem its notes caused widespread suspicion of all gold bank notes, and many were sent in for redemption. Even in the face of their many financial problems, seven of the gold banks survived and four of them immediately took advantage of the amendment of February 14, 1880, allowing them to convert to regular national bank status while keeping their original charter numbers. The First National Gold Bank of San Francisco was one of the last two gold banks converting to regular status, and on February 25, 1884, it became the First National Bank of San Francisco with the same charter number. On December 31, 1925, it assumed Charter #3555 by consolidation and a change in title to the Crocker First National Bank of San Francisco. This was not to be the last change, as it was assumed by consolidation to the Crocker First Federal Trust Co. on May 31, 1934. But this new name had no effect on national bank notes, which ended with the small-size issues of 1929. Charter 1741, The First National Bank of San Francisco. The total amount of gold bank notes circulated by all gold banks in California was not great and reported to be less than three million dollars at the peak in 1875. Of this amount, Charter #1741 issued over one million dollars. This bank issued national notes from Original in 1870 through the small issues of 1929, the total amount being over fifty-two million dollars, which includes notes assumed by Charter #3555. Thus we have traced this charter from the First Charter Original Gold Bank Notes, First Charter 1875 Gold Bank Notes, First Charter 1875 National Bank Notes, Second Charter Brown Backs, Second Charter Paper Money Page 209 Charter 1741, Crocker First National Bank of San Francisco. British Forgeries Use Printed Metallic Security "Thread" SPMCer John Glynn of London sent an article from the Daily Mail of May 9, 1981 telling of the discovery of a counterfeiting ring that used a printed line to simulate the metallic security thread. (See Richard Kelly's article in PM No. 86, March/April 1980.) The article reads: POLICE have seized near-perfect £5 notes with a face value of £2 million in a raid on a counterfeiting factory. Flying Squad officers struck as the first batch of 400,000 notes were being prepared for international distribution. Charter 1741, Crocker First National Bank of San Francisco small-size National note. 1882-1908 Backs, Third Charter 1902-1908 Backs, Third Charter Plain Backs Blue Seal, and the 1929 small-size nationals — a most colorful existence from the California Gold Rush to the Great Depression Days. REFERENCES National Bank Notes of the Issuing Period 1863-1935, Van Belkum. Hewett Bros. Publications, Chicago 1968. Financial California; Leroy Armstrong and J. 0. Denny. The Coast Publishing Co., San Francisco, 1916. A History of Banking in the U. S., John J. Knox. Bradford Rhodes and Co., New York, 1903. (This article is a revision of one which originally appeared in The Bank Note Reporter.) ABN Co. Latent Image Used on Food Coupons & Foreign Notes SPMC membership cards bear the patented American Bank Note Co. "latent image" device consisting of the year of its founding visible only when the cards are tilted at a certain angle. Now the ABN Co. reveals in the 1980 annual report of its parent International Bank Note Co. that the latent image has been incorporated in "several countries"' currencies as well as state motor vehicle certificates of title and driver's licenses. Also, the U. S. Department of Agriculture "incorporated the use of the Latent Image in certain denominations of food coupon books to help deter the circulation and use of fraudulent 'food coupons'". Four men were held and three others picked up later in a series of raids at houses in London and the Home Counties. Scotland Yard's Deputy Assistant Commissioner David Powis said last night that the forgeries were almost indistinguishable from real notes. "They are the best I have seen in 35 years in the police force. The only flaw in the notes is the lack of a metal strip through the paper. "The Flying Squad has hipped a very serious threat in the bud," he said. Information about the secret printing plant, at Wanstead, London, E., came to light during Robbery Squad investigations into a series of crimes in South London several weeks ago. The Flying Squad moved in as the notes, packed in 47 boxes about the size of attache cases, were being moved to a van. Mr. Powis said the press was advanced, the cutting was ingenious and the dieing system was sophisticated. Detective Superintendent Little of the Flying Squad said officers had kept watch on the premises for long period before the raid. "When we moved in the notes were actually being taken out of the building to a van to be distributed. We don't think that any of the notes got into circulation." Information on the forgery centre came as a "spin off' from the Robbery Squad investigations, said Mr. Powis. Even the missing metal strip was hardly noticeable because the forgers had carefully printed in a false line on the notes to look like the strip. Seven men were helping police. intiAimint*mitior vi€1 FXL PilltlES 111 .1011411, 6k41 4f R( NKLI II I f. Page 210 Whole No. 94 1295 11IITIOIR ilülf VARIETIES BY... M. OWEN WARNS NLG The Peoples National Bank of Margaretville, N. Y Charter 5924 was granted in 1901. Rarities such as the note illustrated above and reported in Supplement X are seen only now and then. The surfacing of small town notes creates renewed inspirational interest in effectively tracking down these little gems. We are indebted to Thomas Conklin for the photo of the Margaretville note. It is the only specimen we have been privileged to see over the years. In addition the note is significantly desirable as it is the top note from the last sheet of type-I. $20 notes issued by the bank. Type-I $20 notes issued 1128 — $20 notes, serials A000001A-A000188A, (188 sheets of 6) (The bank also issued 3rd Charter and Type-II notes.) The Peoples State Bank of Margaretville, N. Y. was established in 1891 by a group of local business men headed by the Hon. G. G. Decker as president, E. L. O'Connor vice-president, and John Grant cashier, followed by Noah Olmstead. It was capitalized at $25,000. Ten years later the officers of the bank voted to nationalize. Shortly after application was made to the Comptroller of the Currency in the Treasury Department, charter 5924 was granted, and with the new title of The First National Bank of Margaretville. The officers of the newly-titled bank were E. L. O'Connor, president, with Noah Olmstead serving as both vice-president and cashier. The Peoples National Bank was placed in conservatorship on March 18, 1933. Later that year on October 7th, it was relicensed and continued to do business for the next 30 years. In 1963, the bank became a branch bank of The Norwich National Bank and Trust Company, Charter 1354. By the end of 1970, the Norwich National had acquired eight such branch banks in Chenango and Delaware Counties. EARLY MARGARETVILLE Margaretville was incorporated as a village on June 21, 1875. Elected without opposition were Dr. S. W. Reed, president, and A. F. Carpenter, G. G. Decker, and E. A. Olmstead, as trustees. After 106 years Margaretville Summer of 1910 The Peoples State Bank of Margaretville, N. Y., established in 1891, occupied the pyramidal-domed structure at the left until it was nationalized in 1901 and became The First National Bank of Margaretville. Paper Money Page 211 has not changed materially. Its population has spurted from time to time, usually leveling off around the 500 mark. Its industries have not changed from that of farming and being the leading dairy center in that part of lower New York State. The commercial section of Margaretville was devasted by a serious fire three years ago, which nearly wiped out that part of the town, leveling the famed Kelly's Hotel along with several other businesses. Fortunately, the bank was across the street from the fire and escaped damage. However, along with the ensuing rebuilding program came a new structure for the Margaretville Branch Bank of The Norwich National. It replaced the 1891 banking structure which served Margaretville and its environs for 78 years. Margaretville is situated on the banks of the Dela- ware River some 18 miles downstream from its source in adjoining Scholarie County. Among early settlers in the area were Robert Livingston and a Mr. Lewis, both of whom owned large tracts of land. It was on such a tract belonging to Mr. Lewis that the village of Margaretville was established in 1875; he named it after his daughter, who was also a niece of Robert Livingston. SOURCES CONSULTED Richard Gavett and William Sanford of Margaretville, N. Y. Shirley Houck of the Delaware County Historical Association. Mary Searle, the Middletown Historian, Middletown, N.Y. Bankers Register of 1902, by Kountze Bros., New York, N. Y. An early view of the tranquil village of Margaretville nestled in a niche on the north bank of the Delaware River (3-30-08) Corrections to "Individual National Banks by States Whose Notes of the 1929-1935 Issuing Period Remain Unreported" Minor corrections in the computations of percentages in PM No. 93 should be made as follows: Page 124 — Alabama — should be 85% and 15% Page 124 — Colorado — should be 88% and 12% Page 125 — Georgia — should be 85% and 15% Page 126 — Totals to Date — should be 89% and 11% I- DE" S .4L.% Ai .V(11 It //:1:/// ////1 //;/ /1/7,/(7 / /////i///// o , j/1/;//////1/7 /1// 1.,.,.1. - E INTERESTING NOTES 'BOUT INTERESTING NOTES ©1981 Roger H. Durand Page 212 Whole No. 94 (Burning of the "Gaspee") A COMMEMORATIVE NOTE OR A TRIBUTE TO SCOUNDRELS? The Narragansett Bay area with the ports of Providence and Newport was the center of trade and commerce from the earliest times in colonial New England. The location was perfectly suited for the shipping of raw materials which were abundant in this country. Great Britain profited enormously from its operations with its colonies, and the ports of Providence and Newport greatly expanded because of the large volume of trade carried on from their waters. The local merchants amassed huge fortunes, especially those who were favored by the British. The population of these cities contained a large number of Englishmen and many, probably most of them, were British sympathizers. Another segment of the population felt that they were being exploited by the Mother Country and were very dissatisfied with their existence in the colonies. All goods had to be imported and the prices charged for them were exorbitant. Free trade with other countries was frowned upon by the Mother Country. In fact, it was outright forbidden in some cases. Some of the merchants felt that they could provide the local population with goods at a much better price if they could engage in unrestricted trade. Naturally, they would also reap huge profits along the way. Sensing the unrest that was beginning to surface, the British decided to make their presence felt with a show of force. British Harassment In 1772, the English government decided to compel obedience to the revenue laws which up to that point had not been enforced. The Gaspee, an armed schooner under the command of a Lieutenant Duddington, was given the enforcement task. It seems that Lieutenant Duddington was a bit overzealous in the pursuit of his duties. He delighted in making life miserable for Rhode Island vessels and their crews. He sailed in the Rhode Island waters terrorizing all the vessels, both large and small, without reason. If a vessel did not stop instantly for inspection, a shot was immediately fired across her bow and her captain knew what to expect if he did not wait to be searched. Duddington would usually find some discrepancy in the payment of proper duties to the government and he usually brought charges against the shipowners. The governor of Rhode Island sent letters of protest to the British commander which were promptly disregarded or answered with insolence. A tension existed which could only be released by some act of defiance by the colonists. An opportunity presented itself when the following event took place. Open Defiance On June 9, 1772, Captain Thomas Lindsay decided that he no longer could stand the activities of the Gaspee and if he were pursued he would attempt to outrun her. He sailed out of the Newport harbor intending to make a short journey to Providence. He had not gone very far before the Gaspee appeared on the horizon. With full sail he attempted to out-maneuver her. The customary shot was fired across his bow as a warning for him to prepare for inspection but the daring Paper Money Page 21.1 ESTRUCLON OF THE SCHO&NER GASPEE. From an old Engraving. captain and crew ignored it and continued their journey as quickly as possible. It was a long chase and the smaller ship was hard to overtake. About seven miles from Providence the shore juts out in a long spit of land, then known as Namquit Point. Captain Lindsay's small ship sailed around this point, leaning far over in a brisk wind. The Gaspee crew tried to overtake their quarry by a short cut across this shallow place but the ater was even shallower than the commander had thought and much to his dismay, the Gaspee went aground. Attempts were made to free her but to no avail. The ship lay there in the hot summer sun, leaning over more and more as the tide ebbed. Captain Lindsay sailed triumphantly into Providence harbor satisfied with his accomplishments, boasting of his experiences of the day, and describing the predicament of the British schooner. An Opportune Moment John Brown, Welcome Arnold, and other leading men of the community, upon hearing of the plight of the Gaspee, met with Captain Lindsay at Sabin's Tavern on South Main Street in Providence. They made plans hastily, keeping in mind the tide situation and the fact that a more opportune moment was unlikely to appear again. The participants of the meeting went to the wharf and under the command of Abraham Whipple, with eight long boats and dressed as Indians, set out for the Gaspee. The oarlocks were muffled because surprise was their greatest weapon. At about 10 p.m. the adventurers rowed past Fox Point, around Field's Point and on down the bay until they sighted the Gaspee on the horizon. They approached very close before they were discovered. A few shots rang out, injuring one or two of the Gaspee's crew. Then vicious hand-to-hand combat took place. Lieutenant Duddington was wounded and the attackers soon got the upper hand. The crewmen of the Gaspee were transported to shore in Warwick and turned over to willing accomplices. A fire was set as the successful colonists watched in jubilation, and when the fire reached the powder, the Gaspee was blown to bits, with debris raining down on the joyful men in the long boats. This was the first combat and interchange of shots between the British government and the colonists and therefore the first combat of the Revolutionary War. The longboats returned to shore before morning and the crews dispersed to their home towns, and as far as the colonists were concerned, "Nobody knew who did it." The King of England offered $5,000 reward for the leader of the expedition and $2,500 for the arrest of any of the men who had been with him. No one could be bribed or frightened into betraying the patriots who had delivered their Colony from the hated Gaspee. An odd fact presented itself when at the end of the Revolutionary War at least a thousand people openly admitted that they had participated in the Gaspee affair. The British Viewpoint As far as Great Britain was concerned, Newport, Providence, and in fact, the entire Narragansett Bay region was a haven for pirates and smugglers. During the times that England and France were at war from 1702 to 1763, some of the colonists in the Rhode Island area furnished supplies to the French forces in the West Indies. The British considered the Brown family and some of the other leading merchants as no better than a band of smugglers. Patriotism was not even considered as a reason for the Gaspee affair. In fact, the Providence Appi111.0011ii i' Page 214 Gazette, a local four-page newspaper, in its June 13, 1772 issue, only reported the incident on the third page. Months later, the front page contained the story that England intended to return those responsible to Great Britain for trial when they were apprehended. This news story generated a new wave of patriotism and now it seemed that those responsible were indeed heroes. It makes interesting reading as far as the history of our country is concerned to think of the "brave" patriots who risked their lives to commit this act of aggression against the British but careful research shows a different reason probably caused the Gaspee affair. John Brown, Welcome Arnold and the other so-called leading men of the community were mostly wealthy merchants. The British gave them more than just harassment with the shipping laws; financial setbacks also resulted in several cases. It takes little imagination to see John Brown and the others engaging in some practices to avoid the British tariffs. Naturally, smuggling was the solution. Supplies were at times scarce; therefore the townspeople did not give too much concern to the taxes that were imposed on the merchants, as long as the supplies were available. The merchants were the ones to suffer from too little profits and too much aggravation with all the English rules and regulations. Now, smuggled goods — that was highly profitable, though risky. With the news of the grounding of the Gaspee came the opportunity to shed the millstone from the necks of the merchants. Patriotism was not the primary concern of John Brown and his cohorts, but the vision of unhindered smuggling and huge profits. With the Gaspee affair behind them, I'm sure that the flow of contraband goods went unimpeded for quite a length of time and well into the Revolutionary War era. This theory has no solid evidence behind it but taking into consideration the times, it is a valid noint to be considered. Whole No. 94 Conclusion Over two hundred years have elapsed since the destruction of the Gaspee and the reason for this deed has still not been determined. Apparently the officers of the Agricultural Bank of Johnston were convinced that this was indeed a historical event, for they incorporated it on their three dollar bill over a hundred years ago. The true reason for this event will probably never be discovered. As for me, I haven't reached any conclusion myself. I'll leave the decision to you readers. Is this a commemorative note or is it a tribute to scoundrels? About The Note This magnificient note from the Rhode Island Agricultural Bank in Johnston, Rhode Island was printed by Rawdon, Wright & Company of New York. A close look at the vignette illustrates in great detail the Gaspee, leaning on its side and in flames. Namquit Point is also visible on the vignette. The longboats can be seen returning to Providence in the distance. The stone marker records the date. This vignette appears on no other note. This note is rather scarce, with about a dozen specimens in existence. REFERENCES: An article by Doane Hulick in the Providence Journal Bulletin, March 19, 1972. -Old Stone Bank" History of Rhode Island, Volume III, by John Williams Haley, Providence Institution for Savings, 1939. Providence Plantation for Two Hundred Fifty Years, by Welcome Arnold Greene, Providence, R. I. J. A. & R. A. Reed, 1886. THE SABIN TAVERN, SOUTH MAIN STREET. One of the Oldest Residence Structures in the City. Rendezvous of the Participan n the " Gaspee" Exploit. This building is still standing today. Paper Money Page 215 LREAU Of ENGRAVING & PRINTING COPE PRODUCTION FEDERAL RESERVE NOTES PRINTED DURING MARCH 1981 SERIAL NUMBERS SERIES FROM TO QUANTITY ONE DOLLAR 1977A B 84 480 001 K B 99 840 000 K 1977A B 00 000 001 L B 20 480 000 L 1977A B 19 840 001 * B 20 480 000 * 1977A E 97 280 001 G E 99 840 000 G 1977A E 00 000 001 H E 29 440 000 H 1977A E 05 760 001 * E 06 400 000 * 1977A G 64 000 001 H G 99 840 000 H 1977A G 00 000 001 I G 02 560 000 I 1977A G 11 520 001 * G 12 160 000 1977A H 84 480 001 G H 99 840 000 C 1977A H 00 000 001 D H 03 840 000 D 1977A H 05 132 001 * H 05 760 000 * 1977A K 06 400 001 F K 28 160 000 F 1977A K 10 880 001 * K 11 520 000 * 1977A L 33 280 001 I L 66 560 000 I 1977A L 13 440 001 * L 14 080 000 * 15,360,000 20,480.000 640,000 2,560,000 29,440,000 640,000 35,840,000 2.560,000 640,000 15,360.000 3,840,000 256,000 21,760,000 640,000 33,280,000 640,000 FIVE DOLLARS B 53 760 001 C B 51 200 001 B E 04 480 001 * G 17 920 001 C G 05 132 001 * H 70 400 001 A K 11 520 001 B L 88 320 001 B G 21 760 001 C G 08 320 001 * H 60 160 001 A K 83 200 001 A L 03 840 001 B B 67 840 000 C E 60 160 000 B E 05 120 000 * G 34 560 000 C G 05 760 000 * H 78 080 000 A K 20 480 000 B L 94 720 000 B G 32 000 000 C G 08 960 000 * H 65 280 000 A K 94 720 000 A L 08 960 000 B 14,080,000 8,960,000 640,000 16,640,000 256,000 7,680,000 8,960,000 6,400,000 12,800,000 640,000 10,240,000 640,000 5,120,000 11,520,000 5,120,000 1977A 1977A 1977A 1977A 1977A I977A 1977A 1977A 1977A 1977A 1977A 1977A 1977A 1977A 1977A TEN DOLLARS E 20 480 001 B E 33 280 000 B E 05 120 001 * E 05 760 000 * TWENTY DOLLARS 1977 1977 1977 1977 1977 1977 1977 1977 1977 1977 B 10 240 001 E E 89 600 001 B E 05 760 001 * G 79 360 001 C G 07 680 001 * H 85 120 001 A H 85 760 001 A K 28 160 001 B K 05 760 001 * L 08 960 001 C B 29 440 000 E B 98 560 000 B E 06 400 000 * G 88 320 000 C G 08 320 000 * H 85 760 000 A H 92 160 000 A K 43 520 000 B K 06 400 000 * L 19 200 000 C 19,200,000 8,960,000 640,000 8,960,000 640,000 640,000 6,400,000 15,360,000 640,000 10,240,000 FIFTY DOLLARS 1977 G 35 840 001 A G 40 960 000 A 5,120,000 1977 H 01 280 001 A H 02 560 000 A 1,280,000 1977 H 00 016 001 * H 00 640 000 128,000 ONE HUND 1977 G 28 160 001 A 1977 G 04 492 001 * 1977 H 07 040 001 A 1977 H 07 680 001 A 1977 H 01 936 001 * 1977 K 20 480 001 A 1977 K 01 932 001 * RED DOLLARS G 33 280 000 A 5,120,000 G 05 120 000 * 256,000 H 07 680 000 A 640,000 H 11 520 000 A 3,840,000 H 02 560 000 * 128,000 K 25 600 000 A 5,120,000 K 02 560 000 * 256,000 Page 216 Whole No. 94 in Australia Yields Note-Like Document k. 0 j\! rl 1 ISSUED to of the tinder the provisions the Governn I Vietoria..No. :2, to Le in, force until NOT TRANSFERABLE. On May 20, 1981 Australia issued a set of four 224 stamps featuring sketches by Samuel T. Gill (1818-1880) of life on the gold fields during the gold rush era in that country. The following description of that era and the syngraphic-type documents it produced is taken from the Australian Stamp Bulletin, May-June 1981 issue: The titles of the S. T. Gill sketches shown on the stamps are "Licence Inspected, Forrest Creek", "Puddling", "Interesting statement — Quality of Washing Stuff ' and "Diggers on route to deposit gold". (Some of these titles have been slightly abbreviated on the stamps because of the constraints on space inherent in postage stamp design.) The four sketches are from the 1852-53 Gill work "Sketches of Victoria Gold Diggings etc", which forms part of the "La Trobe Collection" at the State Library of Victoria, Melbourne. The gold rush era of the 1850's had far-reaching effects on Australia's development. It paved the way for nationhood and opened up many new industries which h posted the economy. Discoveries of gold in Australia were recorded from as early as 1823, but were not publicized because the governments of the day were afraid of the effects such a discovery would have on the convicts and the economy. New South Wales, by Edward Hammond Hargreaves (1816-1899). Following the New South Wales discovery, the Victorian Government, believing that a gold find in their colony would help the economy, offered a £200 reward to anyone finding gold within 321 kilometres of Melbourne. This reward was claimed by James Esmond who had found payable gold at Clunes, northwest of Melbourne. Within the next few months goldfields in the Ballarat and Bendigo areas of Victoria were opened up. The goldfields in this area were reputed to have the richest alluvial (or surface) deposits of gold in the wr - 1 d. The rush to the Victorian goldfields began in earnest; roads from the Port Phillip Bay ports of Melbourne and Geelong were crowded with men travelling by whatever means were available to them — on foot, by wagon, dray or beast, leaving behind towns deserted of all but women, children, the elderly and infirm. Men who had never used a pick before came from New South Wales, South Australia and Van Diemen's Land (as Tasmania was then known), to try their luck as diggers on the Victorian goldfields. They dropped their pens in offices, jumped ship, or walked off sheep stations, deserted wives and families and took to the roads to the goldfields. The gold rush era in Australia began with the public announcement, in March 1851, of a gold find at Ophir, The news of the Victorian gold rush spread around Paper Money the world, and within a few months many immigrants began arriving on the goldfields. The Chinese were the most numerous, and because of their diligence and efficiency in extracting gold, were disliked by the other diggers. This dislike led to many serious attacks being made on them, and a massacre airnos ed at Bendigo, Victoria. Riots also occurred ia N ew South Wales and other parts of Victoria. The countryside around the goldfields was dotted with mounds of earth, canvas tents and lean-to bark shelters. Canvas towns were erected — hotels, stores and amusement halls — and at times as many as 40,000 people lived in them. A few of these towns eventually became more permanent settlements and brick and stone buildings were ereod3d. In the first few months of the gold rush, gold could be found lying on the ground and just under the surface, but this was soon exhausted. Inexperienced men fossicked with small picks, while others crowded the banks of creeks and used tin pans to wash the sand and gravel for gold. Larger claims were operated by small teams of men who worked shafts sunk into the ground. The earth from the shafts was flushed under flowing water to remove ,he soil and leave the gold. Not all the men who flocked to the goldfields "struck it rich". Some were lucky enough to make a good living, a few made fortunes, while others who did do well squandered it on the readily available pleasures of wine, women and song. Unsanitary conditions, poor food and the harsh elements took their toll, and many miners did not return from the gcldfields. The gold rush drastically reduced the labor force available for farming and other industries in the colonies. In an effort to improve this situation a law was introduced which prohibited the removal of gold from Crown or private lands without a license. Licenses were available for 30 shillings a month from commissioners appointed to maintain order on the goldfields. The license fee was reduced to £1 in 1853. The license system was thought unjust by the diggers as it took no account of each man's ability to pay. Troopers were organized to check the diggers' licenses and to fine or imprison those not being able to produce one on demand. The license system and the troopers' unfair harassment of diggers became a major source of discontent on the goldfields. This simmering discontent eventually culminated in the Eureka Stockade uprising at Ballarat in 1854. This uprising was short-lived affair which claimed the lives of five soldiers and some thirty miners. Although the Eureka uprising was soundly and bloodily quelled, the miners' grievances were not forgotten. Subsequent law and political reforms resulted in equal political privileges for all classes of people, and the abolition of the iniquitous license fee. A Miner's Right was introduced, and for £1 per annum, a miner had title-deed to his claim and the gold he extracted from it. Page, 217 Important gold discoveries were also made at Kalgoorlie and Coolgardie in Western Australia, and at Gympie in Queensland. Lesser finds were made in Tasmania, the Northern Territory and other parts of Victoria. During the gold rush era, and up until early this century, Australia produced about 40 per cent of the world's supply of gold. Today, however, production is minimal and few commercial gold mines are still in operation. Although the gold rush era has passed, many people still try their luck on the goldfields in Australia today. Using the traditional methods, or the more modern metal detectors, many worthwhile nuggets are still being unearthed — often in areas that were extensively worked a century ago. The atmosphere of the exciting gold rush days has been preserved through the work of contemporary goldfields artists. The most famous of these was Samuel Thomas Gill. Born in Somerset, England in 1818, Gill was taught to paint and draw by his father, and began his career as a draftsman and water-colour painter. In 1838, Gill's family emigrated to South Australia and the following year Gill set up a gallery in G awler Place, Adelaide. He made a modest living drawing scenes of city life, but an illness, which prevented him drawing, left him bankrupt. In 1851, Gill and his brother joined the rush to the Victorian goldfields, where he spent the next few years sketching scenes of the diggers' way of life. Many of his sketches were published during this period and he enjoyed relative prosperity. In 1869, the Melbourne Public Library commissioned Gill to do watercolours based on his sketches of the goldfields. Corrigenda To My Article On The Later Large Size Notes By the Rev. Frank H. Hutchins Four unfortunate errors in my article on unrecognized varieties in the later large size notes in the May-June 1981 issue require correction. One - probably my own - is the word "letters" toward the end of the third line of the second paragraph of the left-hand column of the text on page 131. The word should be "number." Another - unimportant - error is the duplication of the word "of ' in the fourth line of the article; but two others obscure the meaning so completely that it is necessary to correct them to get the meaning at all. One is at the end of the first paragraph of the article, which reads "by a change of type of signature," but should read "by a change of type or signature." The other is in the eleventh line of the final paragraph on page 131, in which "More completely underneath the left" should read "more completely underneath the leaf." Another error is in the position of "See Figure 2." at the end of the second paragraph of the article instead of after the word "obscured" five lines earlier, unquestionably through my own carelessness. Page 218 Whole No. 94 .9.4.0► _0► •v. e• o• e► ier• •• ►• ••► EA' %VA .060.44149 40!".eiVeler:A7117440170:4117/CIPti;0,1 ^ AM 0% , Arl■ ir• 0, •• .•-• Ps IS " I% ... IS . e a. .._ dig. 0 i p aIt011 11011"tifitit ill I I S "alp& sweet aoriftik, v& it "Alit". es, Aqp, 4 I f 6. 91. 670 4 Va70 . 1 PeC 674. . 0170 WO 4474 4674 WO 4. 70 4 WO 4 .•V 0 4 .#•V•0 1 P.•V 4 1 ' I V 4 4 V V 4 4 I l'e .04,4,.".0 .47,-" , $:. -41, ... ... 4111, 'lb ••• '6 4'6 4.6 4'6 • • • • • v • • v • v • • v • • v V V V X . • ) V V V V v V V V S.. #.# ( . )1 ditel• 6.0111 • Niel IP. 0 .4et, 0..•• Netherlands Honors National Savings dite%.0( v. ) (:.vd■ :4 ,7 . . le V a r0alt '.. (4..... ) • 4.4:11 . V.Ilrit.Bank with • / St......... oi.,,....tr. •2•711 - 44.• st■tt,' lke .4.0° o •F) (-" 0'►• 0'•• #.• 0 • ' • , 04 0 "# , 0'• v#V Ome 00#• O►e 4".• #►• e,40•700.744•*70"1:4.*A0A,44. -, .... - ^ -. " As I 1 e a 0 ■ ••1 ^ a.C 1.6.0 4'64:0'6 "0" 0"0A 64:016.0$164 Att0".00'•40A4tIOA 640 4 tOA a 0A k0A VA VW 4•)40. 7. b". ‘". 0 44.# VC* 41"# 04 4.‘ Pe 0 IP* 41 V# 4 9# 41 .. " 44. " "' ir'' 0••• O'''• 041.... dr• „ v., ,, vv. s, 4■•• „ ••• „ a'. ,, ••• ... •'• .., 4'6 46'6 4'• 41lb 411 4.6 ••• '6 4 • • • • • v • • v .0 so ... ..... so ..• .40 .... ... ..., On May 19, 1981 the Netherlands issued a 654 stamp to commemorate the centennial of its National Savings Bank. The blue, yellow, red and black lithographed stamp printed by Joh. Enschede en Zonen pictures a savings bank book, deposit transfer card, and sheet of savings bank "stamps". After the first savings bank had been founded in Scotland in 1810, the Netherlands soon followed suit. In 1817, initiatives were taken by the Society for Public Welfare, whereupon the first Associated Savings Banks were founded in Workum and Haarlem. In May 1818, the Society published "General Rules for the establishment of savings banks in the Kingdom of the Netherlands in behalf of the departments of the Society for Public Welfare". King William I also tried to promote the foundation of savings banks for the economic recovery of the Netherlands. In 1828 there were as many as 66 Association savings banks. During the depressions of 1830 and 1848, a number of these were forced to close, although in 1880 the number of savings banks had grown again to 308. Opening hours, however, left much to be desired. In 1875, only 15 savings banks were opened more than just once a week, some even just a few hours a month, which was due to the fact that clerical services were at that time performed by private individuals on a voluntary basis. Most of the existing savings banks were located in the north of the country Saving was greatly impeded by the small number of banks. Discussions about the possible foundation of a National Savings Bank aroused the interest of the authorities. Then a conflict developed between those in favor of or against a National Savings Bank. The National Savings Bank was mentioned for the first time in the discussions on the Budget in Parliament in 1870. Although no decision was made as to whether such a bank should be founded or not, a Royal Decree was issued on 28 December 1875 whereby post offices would act as an intermediary in the savings bank transactions of private banks. In other words, the post offices had to act as a "cashier" for the private savings banks. This regulation took effect on 1 May 1867. Little use was made of the new facility; in 1878 the deposits amounted to only 17,000 guiders. This unsuccessful start was due to: a. the considerable costs involved in transferring small sums; b. the fact that the public was unfamiliar with the service. The following measures were taken to improve the situation: a. the savings transactions were to be free of charge; b. the foundation of a general savings bank by the Government. On 4 May 1879 two bills were introduced as a result of the aforementioned discussions. The new Government that came into power in 1879 withdrew the bill proposing that transactions should be free of charge, but did accept the proposal for the foundation of a National Savings Bank. The Act of 25 May 1880 providing for the establishment of the National Savings Bank took effect on 1 April 1881. A number of private savings banks then decided to stop their activities and in 1885 only 275 were left. At the end of the first year the number of deposits made was 86,000, to an amount of one million guilders. In 1891, ten years after the establishment of the National Savings Bank, the total balance of the account holders amounted to nearly 21 million guilders. A balance of 100 million guilders was reached in 1902. On the 50th anniversary the total balance amounted to over 375 million guilders and this year, the centenary of the National Savings Bank, a balance of over 16,000 million guilders will have been reached. From the beginning, National Savings Bank customers were offered the facility of saving small sums by means of stamps. For this purpose special sheets were provided to which the stamps had to be affixed. In 1896, special "savings bank stamps" were issued to the value of 1 and 5 cents. Such stamps are still used, in the values of 100, 250, 1 guilder and 2.50 guilders. In 1975, a special 50C postage stamp was issued to promote saving. The stamp commemorating "100 years National Savings Bank" is the second issue in the Netherlands devoted to saving. Paper Money Page 219 °citteentirctid Yeig:& Barbara R. Mueller, NLG Its popularity probably enhanced by prohibitively high prices demanded for original specimens of classic U. S. currency (and stamps), "souvenir card" collecting is capturing widespread interest. The emissions of the International Plate Printers Die Sinkers and Engravers Union of North America are the latest rage, perhaps due to the speculative run-up of prices on the 1979 issue from the initial $8.00 asking price to a hundred dollars. Further information is now available about the sale of the 1981 card (PM No. 93, May/Juune 1981, p. 146). The following is drawn largely from reports by James Bruns, Washington correspondent for both Linn's Stamp News and Coin World, and editor of The United States Specialist: Of the 5,000 cards printed, 3,000 were first sold to union members beginning April 27 (date of the actual convention was May 17-23). The remainder was sold to collectors, dealers and speculators at the NAPEX show of May 1-3 (philatelic exhibition in Washington, D. C.) and by mail. Union President Bob Vass estimated that the group received 3,500 to 5,000 letters by early May. He said orders for from one to five cards were honored as pulled until the quantity was exhausted. Noteworthy about tip. production of the 1981 card is the fact that a plastic transfer device was utilized. According to Vass "This is the first time that a plate has ever been done in plastic and transferred back onto steel. It's never been done that way before." The plastic transfer method was used because the 120- year-old master die of the $2 Treasury Note essay was too fragile to be subjected to the rigors of hardening. The plastic took up the image from the original master die. Then that image, now in positive, was retransferred to a small steel printing plate. This small plate was meticulously inserted into a larger piece of steel and burnished so that none of the joints would accept any ink. Then the other elements of the finished design were added to that plate. Because of the unusual nature of the printing plate, the timetable for printing the convention cards was seriously delayed. "We were supposed to go to press with it early in January, but we didn't get the plate until April," Vass said. There were other problems too. Because of the already heavy workload at the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, where the card was produced, there was some difficulty getting time on the presses. "Everything seemed like it was just not destined for this card to come in," said Vass, "and then all of a sudden things started clicking." Working on their own time, a crew of retired plate printers and die stampers came back to the BEP to produce the card. Among those returning to the Bureau were Angelo LoVecchio, Rayburn Keagy, Bernie Baum, Jerry Abbott, Marvin Nalley, Danny Kweller, Bill Quingley, William Slaght, Al Villano, Bernie Nocks, Charles Brant, Wilbur Gordon, Jack Fitzgerald, Bob Wares, and Jerry Dwyer. The BEP employee responsible for tying together all of the loose ends was Mike Bean. Without him, said Vass, the card wouldn't exist. The next union card originating with the Washington local will be produced in 1989, the year the convention returns to that city. According to a non-bylined report in Linn's Stamp News of April 27, 1981, during NAPEX members of the union maintained a booth where collectors could see a display of hand-engraved and intaglio-printed items produced by Bureau of Engraving and Printing craftsmen. Among them were the convention books regularly distributed to all union delegates attending the meetings. For this year's convention, 350 books were distributed while 50 others were reserved for BEP officials and executives of other North American security printing companies. The convention books contain numerous examples of the engraver's art and intaglio printing method. The 1981 book contains 12 engravings, including the Statue of Freedom, BEP buildings, the 1981 souvenir card, portraits of Presidents Ford and Carter, and other original engravings produced by Bureau craftsmen. The convention books, which have been produced in one form or another since the turn of the century, illustrate both the historical and the current state of the intaglio arts. Major security printing suppliers and bank note houses, such as the New York City-based American Bank Note Co., contribute intaglio printed pages and advertising to the books as well. The books are difficult to obtain and are coveted by connoisseurs of the art of hand engraving and intaglio printing. 1979 Union Card Error Found The so-called "Snipes" card of 1979 produced by union members to raise money for the widow of member Edward Snipes has been found with a major error. The gold embossed seal and fancy initial letter "T" are missing on the only example found thus far. It has been assigned to NASCA for sale. BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PRINTING WASHINGTON. D C The Bureau of Engraving and Printing proudly acknowledgo the uniquely signih• cant role of the craftsmen of the International Plate Printers. Do Stamper, and Engra,co Union in the creation of the currency T and other ,curines of the Nation he quality and security demanded In `hoe cruical documents cannot be achieved by rechnupies other than the Intaglio Proem ,0 ably exoctued butorically by t he nuunbors of IPPDS&E. The pint of your Phil; Con- vention ‘hould be. properly. pride and opti. 1711,111 Page 220 Indiana 1981 Card Interest in other types of privately produced souvenir cards, spurred by the ANA and our own SPMC issues, is increasing. The Indiana State Numismatic Association issued the fourth in its series of six cards featuring Indiana obsolete bank notes from cities located near the Wabash River and the Erie Canal at its June 12-14, 1981 show at Indianapolis. The 1981 card shows a "lazy 3" note of the Great Western Bank of Terre Haute. Listing of Union Souvenir Items The Souvenir Card Journal, published by the Souvenir Card Collectors Society, P. 0. Box 7116, Rochester, MN 55903 in its Summer 1981 issue carries a preliminary listing of union souvenir cards. (Dues are $5.00 a year.) The SCCS is attempting to create a uniform catalog numbering system for all types of souvenir cards, not just the syngraphic. (These other cards have been omitted from the listing here, accounting for the gaps in numbering.) Also, the Society's definition of the word "card" and "forerunner" is quite broad: A souvenir card is a souvenir which may commemorate philatelic or numismatic exhibitions, Presidential inaugurals or memorials, people, significant anniversaries, etc. The distinguishing character of a souvenir card is that its only purpose is to be a souvenir. It should have been produced by printers of U. S. postage stamps and paper currency. A forerunner souvenir card is one issued prior to the onset of the current day souvenir card program (1960 for USPS cards, 1969 for BEP cards, 1976 for American Bank Note Co. cards). The following commentary and listing are by Dr. Curt Radford, editor of The Souvenir Card Journal, as published in the Summer 1981 issue: Both the BEP and the ABNCo have produced a variety of souvenir cards, tickets, invitations, certificates and booklets for various exhibitions, BEP-ABNCo centennials, fund raising benefits, and Printers Union conventions. The International Plate Printers, Die Stampers, & Engravers Union of North America (IPPDS & EU of NA) held their first convention in 1893. They continued td have annual conventions up through 1959. Somewhere inbetween 1959 and 1965, the Printers Union failed to have a convention for two of those yars. After 1965, the conventions have been held every two years up to and including the most recent 79th convention held in Washington, D. C. May 17th through the 23rd of this year. The BEP locals host the convention in Washington every eight years. During the other years, the convention is hosted in a city where union craftsmen are employed by other bank note security printing firms. Since the turn of the century, the Printers Union has issued special convention cards, booklets, folders, invitations, menus etc., to all the union delegates attending the convention. Additional such souvenirs were also given to officials of the BEP and other North American security printing firms. These cards, booklets etc., presented various engravings, etchings, photogravures, and other forms of printing representing the state of printing art at that time. The various engravings, etc., in these booklets were contributed by the BEP, ABNCo, and other printing companies. In addition, they usually contained advertising by these same firms to help defray the costs of the booklets. Whole No. 94 The IPPDS & EU of NA souvenir cards and booklets are of such quality and beauty; that they are immensely popular amongst engraving and souvenir card collectors alike. Unfortunately, they are very difficult to locate as printing totals were very low ranging from 200-800 copies. In order to meet this increasing demand, the Printers Union has in 1973, 79, and 81, printed souvenir cards in quantities of 8,000, 2,500, and 5,000 respectively for' sale to the public. They continued, however, to issue the very limited quantity booklets containing additional cards to the convention delegates. F 1924 32ND IPPDS & EU CONVENTION OF 1924. Booklet containing (BEP) intaglio cards in black mea- suring 7 3A X 9 3/4". a) Geo. Washington on cover. b) A. Lincoln c) U. S. Grant d) W. McKinley e) T. Roosevelt f) W. Wilson g) BEP (John Peterson & Son) Photogravure. F 1930 38TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1930. Booklet containing several cards measuring 7 3/4 X 101/4". May be incomplete. a) Title page with vignettes of the Washington Monu- ment, old Boston City Hall (?), and the old Boston State House in black (ABNCo.). Intaglio. b) "Pilgrims Going to Church." in black (A. W. Elson & Co.). Photogravure. c) Portrait of James M. Curley in brown (Conlin Photo) Photogravure. F 1942 50TH ANNIVERSARY IPPDS & EU DINNER Souvenir menu (BEP) measuring 81/4 X 11". a) Front cover; Embossed US & Canadian flags in red, white, & blue along with black intaglio text. Back cover; S. E. view of Capitol in green, photo- gravure. b) Folded insert bound with gold braid, Outer cover with large black intaglio vignette of F. D. Roosevelt. Inside back page; black intaglio menu. F 1943 51ST IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1943 Booklet containing nine cards measuring 91/2 X 12'/2". a) Cover; Black intaglio vignette of eagle on globe sur- rounded by mythical figures along with text (ABNCo.). b) Title page; Brown intaglio vignette of two angels surrounding a circle with the year "1943" inside. Text. (ABNCo.). c) Gen. Douglas MacArthur portrait in brown (Ander- Paper Money Page 221 son & Lamb Photogravure Corp.), photogravure. d) "Greek Sponge Boat" etching in brown by W. R. Locke (Anderson & Lamb). e) "River Road" etching in black by Nan Lindahl (AndersOn & Lamb). f) Victory menu by Rudy Bartel in orange with two battleships in black & white on gray paper (Osborne Co., NJ), intaglio. g) "The Birches" in green (Anderson & Lamb), photo- gravure. h) "By The Dam" black etching by Nan Lindahl Anderson & Lamb). i) "Mirror Lake" etching in black by Nan Lindahl (Anderson & Lamb). j) Officers' plate; black intaglio (Black, Starr & Gor- ham) F 1946 54TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1946. Booklet containing eight cards measuring 9'/2 X 12". 800? printed. a) Title page; woman figure holding wreaths over the heads of two men. Black intaglio (BEP). b) Dome of the Capitol in green with overprinted black text (BEP), intaglio. c.) Crest of the US embossed in gold (BEP?) d) Raising of the flag at Iwo Jima in green (Printer?), intaglio. e) "Honor Roll" in blue (BEP?), intaglio. f) Menu in brown (BEP?), intaglio. g) Washington scenes; Natl. Gallery of Art in purple, Washington Monument in green, Capitol in blue and Washington Cathedral in orange. Inscription in green; "Souvenir Sheet Designed, Engraved And Printed By Members, Bureau of Engraving And Printing," (BEP) intaglio. h) "The Welcome Guest" in brown (Printer ?), photo- gravure. F 1948 56TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1948. Booklet containing nine cards measuring 9i1/4 X 121/2" a) Inside cover; same as #F 1943a. b) Title page; same as #F 1943b except "1948" in circle and appropriate changes in the text. c) "Best Wishes" card with an embossing of Geo. Washington and text in brown (Local #32), intaglio. i) President's portrait in black (BEP) intaglio. e) "Mexican Ox Cart" in black by William Beckman (Intl. Assoc. of Siderographers), intaglio. f) "We Like Everybody" in brown (Local #26), photo- gravure. g) "Serenade" in brown (Local #26), photogravure. h) "Moon Rise" etching in black by R. Lovewell (Anderson & Lamb), photogravure. i) "Winding Stream" etching in brown by Nan Lindah (Local #58). F 1951 59TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1951 Booklet containing nine cards measuring 8'1/4 X 10 3/4". 800? printed. a) Title page; same as #F 1946a except in orange and with different text. b) Statue of Freedom in orange with overprinted blue text (BEP), intaglio. c) Menu in blue (BEP?), intaglio. d) US Capitol in 1827 in multicolor engraved by Herb Fichter. Embossed dome of Capitol underneath. Text in black. (Local #32), intaglio. F 1955 63RD IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1955. Booklet or folder containing at least three cards (Author does not have complete booklet). Cards measure 9 x 11". a) "City of Washington" fact card with informative text on F 1955b. Also has an embossing of the Iwo Jima flag raising in gold, red, white & blue. (BEP). b) City of Washington Statues; Lincoln Memorial statue in blue & orange, Puck statue in orange & green, Eternal Vigilance statue in blue & purple, and Grief statue in orange & green. Inscription in purple; "Souvenir Sheet Designed, Engraved, And Printed by Members, Bureau Engraving And Print- ing At Washington, D. C." (BEP), intaglio. c) BEP Buildings; vignettes of the Treasury building and the three BEP buildings in black (BEP), intag- lio. F 1959A 67TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION OF 1959 Booklet was offered in an auction several years ago. The author does not have it but can list one of the cards. a) Lincoln birthplace and memorial on one card (BEP?), intaglio? F 1965 71ST IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1965. Booklet containing eight cards measuring 8'/8 X 101/2" with three binding holes at the left. 550? printed. a) Title page; multicolored US Coat of Arms with text in black (BEP), intaglio. b) Dome of the Capitol in green (same as #F 1946b) with appropriate text in black. (BEP) intaglio. c) President Johnson large intaglio portrait in black (BEP). d) President Kennedy large intaglio portrait in black (BEP). e) Washington scenes: Natl. Gallery of Art, Capitol, & Washington Cathedral in multicolor. No text. (BEP), intaglio. 0 "Winding Stream;" same as #F1948i & F 1951i. g) "Sentinel of the North", in green. (Printer?) photo- gravure. h) "The White House at Washington;" embossed in light green by E. A. Ligi (BEP?). NOTE: The paper stock used in #F 1965e has faint vertical blue lines at one edge of the card or the other. F 1966 SIPEX INTERNATIONAL PHILATELIC EXHIBI- TION in Washington, D. C. 1966. Souvenir card with same design as #F 1965e except it measures 71/4 X 9", has no binding holes, and has the text; "SIPEX IN- TERNATIONAL PHILATELIC EXHIBITION/ WASHINGTON, D. C./Designed, engraved, and Printed by Union Members, Bureau of Engraving & Printing." 4,000 copies printed. NOTE: Paper stock used for the SIPEX cards may have either the vertical blue lines seen in #F 1965e or faint horizontal red lines. Copies of these Washington scenes cards exist measuring 8 X 9" that have no text and have the red horizontal lines. Since only the SIPEX cards also may have these red lines, these larger cards lacking the text, are most likely proofs of the SIPEX cards and not cut-down versions of #F 1965e. (BEP) intaglio. F 1973A 75TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1973. Booklet containing 11 cards measuring 81/2 X 11". 550? printed. a) Title page; large embossed eagle in silver with text in blue (BEP), intaglio. b) Dome of the Capitol; same as #'s F 1946b & F 1965b but in pink with appropriate text in blue. (BEP) in- taglio. c) President Nixon large intaglio portrait in black (BEP). d) President Johnson large intaglio portrait in black (BEP). e) President Truman large intaglio portrait in black (BEP). N'll`Y;'?P IN GOLD (1/IN .1100111MIS TNIN 1101.111..ffit MCM..117., DOLLARS Page 222 Whole No. 94 f) "Best Wishes;" Treasury Dept. seal in blue with text in black (BEP) litho? g) City of Washington Statues; same as #F 1955b but has different colors: Grief in red & brown, Lincoln in brown & yellow, Puck in blue & red, and Eternal Vigilance in orange & green. Also has the inscrip- tion: "Designed, Engraved, And Printed By Mem- bers, International Plate Printers, Die Stampers And Engravers Union Of North America." (BEP) intaglio. h) Jefferson Memorial embossed in blue on wh ite stock. Text; "JEFFERSON MEMORIAL" in blue intaglio. (BEP?) i) Chinese scenes; "Chinese Country View" in brown and "Village Scene In Loocnow" in green. (ABNCo.) intaglio. j) "The New Depot" in black (ABNCo.) intaglio. k) "Best Wishes" card containing vignettes of a 1916 Printers Union gentleman's ticket, a ladies' ticket, and the "Progress" vignette in black. (ABNCo.) intaglio. F 1973B 75TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1973. City of Washington Statues card: same as #F 1973Ag except it measures 81/2 X 10 5/s", has 7 lines of text, and the inscription in black; "International Plate Printers, Die Stampers & Engravers Union of North America." (BEP) intaglio. 8,000 printed. Was never bound in the booklet and was sold to the public. F 1975 76TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1975. Folder containing six cards and ads. a) Folder Cover with text and vignette of the statue of liberty in black (BEP vs. ABNCo. ?). Measures 8 1/2 X 11". b) BEP building vignette in blue; revolutionary war flag, cannon, soldiers, and text in maroon. Text contains message from J. A. Conlon, Director of BEP. (BEP. Measures 8 X 10) c) "Best Wishes" card containing vignettes of three allegorical figures in blue. (ABNCo.) intaglio. Measures 8 X 10". d) Statue of Liberty surrounded by boats in blue. (ABNCo.) intaglio, 8 X 10". e) 1954 Lewiston Falls Bank $3 Note in brown (ABNCo.), intaglio. Measures 8 X 10". f) Washington, Jefferson, Franklin, & Decl. of Inde- pendence vignettes in black. (ABNCo.) intaglio. Measures 8 X 10". g) Paul Revere vignette in blue. (ABNCo.) intagbJ, Measures 8 X 10". IPPDS & EU "SNIPES" CARD. "Miss Liberty" rising from the clouds - along with text in maroon. Printed by the Union at the BEP to raise money for the widow of former Union President, Edward M. Snipes. The money was used to help pay the large medical bills accrued during Snipes' hospitalization. Card measures 8 1/2 X 11". (BEP) intaglio, 2,500 copies printed. F 1981A 79TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1981. Booklet containing 12 cards. Has been reported that 400 copies were printed. Not as yet issued at the time of writing. F 1981B 79TH IPPDS & EU CONVENTION of 1981. Embarkation of the Pilgrims card. Vignette of a $2 note that was never issued in sepia. Was never bound in the booklet and was sold to the public. Measures 8 1/2 X 11". 5,000 printed, (BEP) intaglio. BEP Memphis Souvenir Card The third souvenir card of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing's 1981 Program commemorated the International Paper Money Show in Memphis, Tennessee. It is available at the Bureau's Visitor Center and by mail order. The card features an engraving of the $20 Gold Certificate, Series 1905, which was started in 1904 and completed in 1905. The portrait of George Washington was engraved by A. Sealer in June 1867, based on a portrait by Gilbert Stuart. The note is considered to be the most beautiful of all gold certificates because of its color, and has been referred to as the "technicolor" note. The card is printed on a combination of the one plate, monocolor intaglio press and the 2-color offset press. A limited number of special Post Office machine- cancelled cards with the 18c Flag stamp affixed will be available for mail at $3.50 each, and mail orders will be filled until such stock is exhausted. The card will then remain on sale for 90 days or until all supplies are exhausted, whichever comes earlier. Requests should be made on letter-size sheets or the BEP order form included with previous shipments. The purchaser's name, address, and zip code should appear on both the order form and the transmittal envelope. If available, a return address label enclosed with the order will facilitate processing those orders not on Bureau forms. Mail orders for unused cards accompanied by a remittance of $3.00 in the form of a check or money order payable to the Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP) should be addressed to MEMPHIS, BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PRINTING, WASHINGTON, D. C. 20228. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY BUREAU OF ENGRAVING AND PRINTING WASHINGTON, D.C. The engraving for this $20 Gold Certificate, Series 1905. was started in 1904 and completed in 1905 The portrait of George Washington was engraved by A Sealey in June 1867 based on a portrait by Gilbert Stuart This note is considered the most beautiful of all gold certificates because of its color. and has been referred to as the - lechnicolor" note Gold certificates were withdrawn from circulation along with gold coin and bullion as required by the Emergency Bank out of 1933. It was illegal to hold gold certificates until April 24. 1964. when the Secretary removed the restrictions on the acquisition or holding of gold certificates issued prior to January 30. 1934 Gold certificates are the only U.S currency ever to be recalled in American history. INTERNATIONAL PAPER MONEY SHOW MEMPHIS COIN CI — MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE—JUNE 19-21, 1981 S TAT g RI' A LABAAIA .4,1St0141.:411. Paper Money Page 223 c 50 O 049tO& dG 0,9,4,‘~,G•0•000,064: Gs, 1981 SOUVENIR CARD Intaglio printed in green & black on white card. Limited issue of only 10,000 cards. MAIL ORDER INFORMATION UNCANCELLED CARDS BY MAIL - $3.50 EACH. Send orders to: SPMC 1981 Souvenir Card P. 0. Box 858 Anderson, S. C. 29622 Page 224 Whole No. 94 Interest Bearing Notes Wol sell • LIBRARY .11. NOTES WENDELL WOLKA, P.O. Box 366, Hinsdale, IL 60521. This is one of the most difficult columns to write each year. Being written during the end of May, there's nothing to share with you yet regarding our activities in Memphis. It's also too late to do much about our ANA events because most of you will receive this magazine after the start of the convention in New Orleans. The next issue will, however, give you more specifics as to what went on at both of these shows. Fortunately, the Society's activities are not limited to these two shows. As you will note elsewhere in this issue, for example, we have released the Rhode Island volume in our Wismer Update Project. The 1981 souvenir card is available to you by mail. Response to date has been encouraging and I feel that we have a very good chance of selling the issue out before sales are terminated in December. If you haven't ordered these two items yet, there's no time like the present! Perhaps the Society's biggest asset and member benefit is our magazine. This is something which we work very hard on to keep it of interest to all of our members. We can always use MORE articles on all aspects of the paper money hobby. More articles mean larger issues as well, so why not try your hand at writing an article and sending it in to Barbara? We'll all be looking forward to learning about your interests in our broad and exciting hobby. BEP Quality Control Lauded in Printing Journal The March 1981 issue of American Printer and Lithographer carried an article entitled "Quality Control is the key at the Bureau of Engraving". It was brought to our attention by member George Brett. The article begins with the flat assertion that "without question the most meticulous printer in the United States — if not in the entire world — is the Bureau of Engraving and Printing in Washington, D. C." The reason for this, of course, is that 16 million notes and 130 million stamps are produced each working day. Responsibility for quality and quantity control presently rests with Joseph M. DeBose, Jr., Chief of the Office of Processing and Services. His division employs over 1,100 people who handle the finishing operations. They are now being relieved of many manual operations by 15 Vacuumatic Super Two counting machines in the currency processing division. Similar machines are in use for postage stamp processing, too. Regular Additions: Essay -Proof Journal Fall, 1980; Winter, 1981 (Vol. 37, #4; Vol. 38, #1) IBNS Journal Winter 1980/1981 (Vol. 19, #4) The Centinel (Central States Numismatic Society Journal) Winter, 1980; Spring, 1981 (Vol. 28, #4; Vol. 29, #1) The Numismatist February, March, April, May, 1981 The Virginia Numismatist Vol. 17, #s 1, 2 The Check List Volume 11, #3/4 New Additions: XX5 Hunter, Dard; Paper Making - The History and Tech- H5 nique of an Ancient Craft; 648pp., Illus., 1974 Gift of Marvin Ashmore. A detailed and interesting book on paper making, with ample coverage and illustrations of applications re- lated to paper money. You'll learn something new from reading this book no matter how long you've been in the hobby! WC70 Sen, S.R.; The Economics of Sir James Steuart; 207pp., S5 1957 Gift of Howard A. Daniel. This book deals with the economic beliefs of Sir J ames Steuart, an eighteenth century economist. Steuart is of particular interest to students of the economic history of Germany and India, as he was concerned with the currency problems of both. VA60 Benton, Thomas H.; Thirty Years' View; 73pp., 1854 B5 (reprinted 1954) Gift of Howard A. Daniel. This reprint details Senator Benton's (Missouri) views on the Bank of the United States. In the 1830's, Sena- tor Benton was not exactly a friend of the institution! This booklet gives us an interesting "window" on the contemporary views regarding the Bank of the United States. VA60 Pennsylvania Commissioner of Banking; Report of P5 the Commissioner of Banking for 1917, Part I, Banks, Savings Institutions, and Trust Companies; 759pp., 1918, Gift of Howard A. Daniel. This state report covers Pennsylvania banking insti- tutions (except National Banks) and their financial data for the year 1917. Interesting reading for the Pennsylvania specialist. Paper Money Page 225 BARBARA R. MUELLER The Buck Stops Her It's time for me to crawl out of the woodwork once again and make my annual plea for articles for our magazine. Throughout this past winter the supply has been quite adequate but the rate of submission has dropped dramatically, seemingly with the coming of better weather and the wave of syngraphic shows. Once again the thought occurs — where does our average reader think we get our articles? Our members are supposed to be the top people in the hobby; they must have ideas and material for articles; why don't they come forward? Did I frighten prospects with the "Information for Authors" section published in our January/February issue? That feature was not meant to establish an elite corps of authors but to encourage the fledgling. If you feel you have material and knowledge worth sharing but fear you can't cope with the author's guidelines, tell me and I'll be happy to make the necessary adjustments. Perhaps the situation in which we find ourselves will convince of their error those few academic-type critics who continually castigate me for failing to observe scholarly style for PM. Although accuracy and usefulness must remain top criteria for our contents, what's wrong with a little relaxed informality in presenting features? On the brighter side, this issue carries articles by our "old reliables" — you know them well — and some welcome newcomers. One of them, Philip Roy, specifically pointed out in the letter accompanying his article that it was meant to take up the slack caused by the summer doldrums. And a good job it does. Also, a reprint from the Souvenir Card Journal seems timely, with interest in our own SPMC cards spilling over onto those issued by other private organizations and governmental departments. The SCJ is a quarterly, mimeographed, well-illustrated publication of the -.Souvenir Card Collectors Society godfathered by Dr. Curt Radford while he was still a medical student at the University of Wisconsin. You will undoubtedly observe the absence of "foreign" material in this issue. It is not by design; rather, nothing was submitted. Articles like John Glynn's excellent piece on the Ob-Ost notes of Lithuania in our May/June 81 issue and Howard Bauserman's on Icelandic iconography in the January/February and March/April 81 issues just don't fall into my mail box every day. I wish they did; I would print them all! I also wish I could see you at Memphis and New Orleans this year, but since I was drafted to show our flag at INTERPAM in Toronto, my travel budget will be expended in our neighbor to the north. Meanwhile, have fun at your meetings but don't forget your struggling, stay-at-home editor. Book Project Round-Up by Wendell Wolka NEW BOOK. I am very pleased to announce that another volume in the Society's Wismer Update Program is now available. Obsolete Notes and Scrip of Rhode Island and the Providence Plantations is authored by Roger H. Durand, who has published this work in cooperation with SPMC. The hard cover, enamel paper volume contains nearly 300 pages and has over 225 illustrations. Listing nearly 2800 notes, the book also contains a wealth of historical and biographical information as well as details regarding uncut sheets and the numerous spurious issues. The volume is priced at $20.00 to members, postpaid, with quantity pricing also available. Orders and requests for pricing on larger quantities should be addressed to the Camden Company, P. 0. Box 9, Camden, S. C. 29020, SPMC Book Sales Department. I guarantee that you will be impressed with the quality of this book both in terms of content and materials. Why not send your order in today! OTHER VOLUMES. Older volumes are continuing to sell out or down to low quantities. The Mississippi obsolete note catalog and the blue 1929-1935 Nationals catalog are now officially sold out. The Minnesota book appears to be the next sell-out possibility, with fewer than 200 copies remaining. The following books are currently available from the Camden Company (prices are those for members only): Wismer Update Project Catalogs covering New Jersey $15.00 postpaid Oklahoma/Kansas $11.00 postpaid Maine $10.00 postpaid Indiana $12.00 postpaid Minnesota $6.00 postpaid Rhode Island $20.00 postpaid Also available is an in-depth study of Territorial National Bank Notes, Territorials — A Guide to U. S. Territorial National Bank Notes . . . . $12.00 postpaid RESEARCHERS NEEDED. I am still in need of chief researchers for the following states which will need to be covered by the Wismer Update Project which deals with obsolete notes and scrip: Wyoming — North Dakota — South Dakota Utah — Nevada If you'd like to explore this a little further with me, please drop me a note and I'll be happy to give you full details. Page 226 Whole No. 94 COMING EVENTS PAGE National Meetings — New Orleans, Louisiana — July 27 - August 2, 1981; American Numismatic Association Annual Convention, New Orleans Hilton Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana. Tuesday, July 28 — SPMC Board Meeting. 8:30 A.M. Chequers Room at the Hilton. Wednesday, July 29 — SPMC General Membership Meeting. 10:30 AM. Elmwood Room at the Hilton. Wednesday, July 29 — SPMC Banquet and Reception. 6:30 P.M. in the Marlborough Room at the Hilton, Clarence Rareshide, New Orleans attorney and numismatist, will be the featured speaker, with his topic, "Louisiana's Rich Currency Heritage." Mr. Rareshide, an avid collector of Louisiana paper money, is working on the Society's book on Louisiana Obsolete Paper Money. Tickets for the SPMC Banquet are REQUIRED, and are $16.50. Orders should be sent by July 21 to Wendell Wolka, ANA Banquet, Box 366, Hinsdale, Illinois 60521. Regional Meetings Okoboji, Iowa — August 29 - 30, 1981; Paper Money Seminar at Higgins Paper Money Museum, Okoboji, Iowa; 2nd Iowa Great Lakes Coin and Paper Money Show, Brooks Best Western Lodge, Okoboji. SPMC will meet informally at these events. The Seminar will be an educational forum, with an open house at the museum. A bourse will be held at the Iowa Great Lakes Coin and Paper Money Show. Watch this space and the numismatic press for further details. For general information contact Don Watts, Chairman, 216 North Main Street, Clarion, Iowa 50525 (515) 532-3560. Des Moines, Iowa — September 25 - 27, 1981; Iowa Numismatic Association Annual Convention, Des Moines Marriott, 7th & Grand, Des Moines, Iowa. SPMC will hold a regional meeting at this event. Watch this space and the numismatic press for further details. For information contact Don Mark, Box 1, Abel, Iowa 50003 (515) 223-0891. /1;...„sEctErrativ's A. R. BEAUDREAU, Secretary EPORT P. 0. Box 3666 Cranston, R. I. 02910 Paper Money Page 227 — MEMBER EXPULSION — MR. JACK VINEBERG, MEMBER 5767, HAS BEEN EXPELLED FROM THE ORGANIZATION. Foo,„ i. pv MOnf. ,, RI ilk Adi mar Paper Money will accept classified advertising from members only on a basis of 5C per word, with a minimum charge of $1.00. The primary purpose of the ads is to assist members in exchanging, buying, selling, or locating specialized material and disposing of duplicates. Copy must be non-commercial in nature. Copy must be legibly printed or typed, accompanied by prepayment made payable to the Society of Paper Money Collectors, and reach the Editor, Barbara R. Mueller, 225 5. Fischer Ave., Jefferson, WI 53549 by the first of the month preceding the month of issue (i.e., Dec. 1, 1980 for Jan. 1981 issue). Word count: Name and address will count as five words. All other words and abbreviations, figure combinations and initials count as separate. No check copies. 10% discount for four or more insertions of the same copy. Sample ad and word count. WANTED: CONFEDERATE FACSIMILES by Upham for cash or trade for FRN block letters, $1 SC, U.S. obsolete. John W. Member, 000 Last St., New York, N.Y. 10015. (22 words; $1; SC; U.S.; FRN counted as one word each) BUYING STOCK CERTIFICATES, bonds, railroads, mining, industrial, foreign. Instant reply! Arnold Weiss, 980 S. Granville, Los Angeles, CA 90059 (98) TENNESSEE-ARKANSAS-FLORIDA obsolete wanted— especially the better notes. Also want older checks with nice vignettes. Please contact Bob Pyne, 1610 Bennett Road, Orlando. FL 32803 (99) ............................................................ $2.00 STARS, 1976: Want new packs from all Districts. Call me last. Will better other offers. 612 -721 -6832. John T. Martin, Box 7058, Minneapolis, MN 55407. (103) DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Nationals wanted for my personal collection. Howard W. Gunlocke, P. 0. Box 487, Wayland, NY 14572 (96) WANTED: ILLINOIS NATIONALS — Carmi, Crossville, Enfield, Grayville, Norris City, Fairfield, Albion, Omaha, New Haven. Price and Xerox appreciated. Pete Fulkerson, 59 Montgomery Circle, Carmi, IL 62821 (618) 382-7592 (96) ............................................................ WANT UNCUT SHEETS obsolete bills. Proof notes, stock certificates and bonds, Jenny Lind items, coal and lumber scrip, broken bank bills. Frank Sprinkle, 304 Barbee Blvd.. Yaupon Beach, Southport, NC (98) MISSOURI CURRENCY WANTED: large size Nationals, obsolete notes and bank checks from St. Louis, Maplewood, Clayton, Manchester, Luxemburg, Carondelet and St. Charles. Ronald Horstman, Route 2, Gerald, MO 63037 (98) SMALL SIZE CURRENCY list available. Gold Certificates, Silver Certificates, U. S. Notes. Postage please. Mary Jane, P. 0. Box 38022, Cincinnati, OH 45238 (96) SCRIPOPHILISTS: LEARN BEFORE you invest. Get your copy of "A Guide to Collecting Antique Stock & Bond Certificates." Chapters include Facts & Lore, How to Start, Investment Risk/Reward, Dealer List, Reference Books and several classic documents beautifully illustrated. $4.00 prepaid to Foster, Brown & Ballou, 253 Main St., East Greenwich, RI 02818 (94) FAIRFIELD COUNTY, CONNECTICUT obsoletes, scrip, Nationals, etc. wanted. Please write and price. Prompt reply. David Klein, P. 0. Box 120, Fairfield, CT 06430 (94) EARLY WESTERN CHECKS: have nice old checks from Colorado, Wyoming and Montana to trade or sell. Bob Pyne, 1610 Bennett Rd., Orlando, FL 32803 (phone 305-894-0930 after 7 P.M.) (96) 1864 CONFEDERATE CURRENCY, all crisp in holder. Consecutive numbers available. $1.00 T-71, $13.95; $2.00 T-70, $13.95; both $26.00 PP. Claud Murphy, Box 15091, Atlanta, GA 30333 (94) WANTED: SYCAMORE & DE KALB, Illinois Nationals. Both large and small size needed. Also need Sycamore or De Kalb from any other state. Bob Rozycki, Sycamore Coin Gallery, 358 W. State St., Sycamore, IL 60178 (941 WANTED: LARGE AND small Nationals from the Old Exchange National Bank of Okawville, Illinois, charter 11780. Write. Sam Johnson, 1113 N. Market, Sparta, IL 62286 (96) -Payment of Dues for EXISTING Memberships -Presentation of Bills for Payment by SPMC Roger H. Durand P. 0. Box 186 Rehoboth, Mass. 02769 Del Beaudreau P. 0. Box 3666 Branston, R. I. 02910 -Requests for Membership Application Blank Brochures -NEW Applications for Membership -Requests for Reinstatement -Resignations -Reports of Deaths Wendell Wolka Box 366 Hinsdale, II. 60521 -Complaints -General Questions Regarding SPMC -Library Usage -Book Project Questions -Magazine Articles (Submission) -Magazine Advertising Barbara Mueller 225 S. Fischer Ave. Jefferson, Wisconsin 53549 -Regional Meetings -Awards -Publicity Larry Adams 969 Park Circle Boone, Iowa 50036 Page 228 WANTED: CHECKS AND exchanges from all Western states. Will pay good prices or have trades available. Charles Kemp, 426 Riverbank, Wyandotte, MI 48192. (94) OLD STOCK CERTIFICATES! Catalog plus 3 beautiful certificates $2.50. Also buy — highest prices paid for quality stocks and bonds. Please write! Ken Prag, Box 531PM, Burlingame, CA 94010. (95) TENNESSEE NATIONALS WANTED for my personal collection. Especially need first and second charters. Largest prices paid. Jasper Payne, Box 3093, Knoxville, TN 37917. (113) HAVE 14 DUPLICATE VOLUMES, Report of the Comptroller of the Currency, various years (1877-1933). Prefer to trade for volumes I lack, but will consider selling. David A. Brase, Eastern Virginia Medical School, P. 0. Box 1980, Norfolk, VA 23501 EARLY SMALL CURRENCY! established specialist offering about everything from 1928 to 1963. Common types, blocks, rare & scarce, stars, mules, changeovers, experimentals, trials, Hawaii, North Africa, low & special serial numbers, investor lots, and many other special offerings. Extensive catalogue $2.00. Graeme Ton, 203 47th St., Gulfport, MS 39501 (95) WANTED: FEDFERAL RESERVE Notes $5.00, $10.00, $20.00, $50.00, $100.00, $1,000.00 series 1928 to date, plain and stars, Crisp Uncirculated, 1928 to date, plain and stars, Crisp Uncirculated, 1928 series very fine or better. $5.00 1928C, 1928D any condition. Also selling FRN's. Write Ted Gozanski. Box 302, Superior, WI 54880 (97) SET 12 CU $1 FRN 1977a or 1981 $19, last two digits match $24.00. Automatic service, list free with order, sets, singles, FRN, SC, Legals, low serials, errors, upside-down serials. J. Seville, Drawer 866, Statesville, NC 28677 (97) AURORA, ILLINOIS NATIONALS wanted: Charter #48, 1792, 1909, 2945, 3845, 4469, 4596, 13565. The Old Second National Bank, Attn: James R. Weiland, 37 S. River St., Aurora, IL 60507 WANTED CHECKS FOR my collection. For each one I need paying $5.00 for two vignettes, $3 for one vignette, $10 for Territorial, $8 for Southern 1861-64, $10 for W. Va. before 1863. Neil Sowards, 548 Home Ave., Ft. Wayne, IN 46807 AKRON AND WADSWORTH, Ohio Nationals, checks, obsolete wanted. Would also appreciate any information on any Wadsworth Nationals in any collection for my records. Dave Everhard, 4934 A Locust St., Great Falls, MT 59405 (97) WANT BETTER MINNESOTA Nationals for my collection. Send description and price. Gary Kruesel, Box 7061, Rochester, MN 55903 (99) WANTED: 1963-B*-G*-AA-DA; 1963A-B*-BB-FB-GC-LB; 1969A-EA; 1969B-J*-L*-BC-CB-EB-IA-KA; 1969C-G*4*-K*- AA-EC; 1977-A5-1 *; 1977A-A*-B*-C*-D*-E*-F*-G*-H*-I*-J*-K*- L*. R. J. Blankenship, 2334 Kemper Lan. #5, Cincinnati, OH 45206 Whole No. 94 FOR SALE SURPLUS $1.00, $2,00, $5.00, $10.00. Send want list. Roy J. Blankenship, 2334 Kemper Ln 5, Cincinnati, OH 45206 WANTED: MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE obsolete notes, espe- cially Bank of Memphis and The River Bank. Please list and price, photo-copies if possible. R. Yancy Green, P.O. Box 40353, Memphis, TN 38104 (94) EAGLE VIGNETTES WANTED, also mining scents. Steel plate engravings only. Proofs or ? Send Zerox copy and price. Roy Peterson, Box 293, El Segundo, CA 90245 (95) MICHIGAN NATIONALS WANTED for personal collection. Large and small sizes. Also old Michigan bank post cards. Write describing material and asking prices. All letters answered. Richard Hatherley, P.O. Box 48, Brighton, MI 48116 (101) WANTED: WOOSTER, OHIO notes, obsolete or Nationals. Would appreciate description. Will answer all letters. Price and Xerox appreciated. Ralph Leisy, 616 Westridge Dr., Wooster, OH 44691 (100) WANTED: WADSWORTH, OHIO notes. Any type. Also wanted, any historic material relating to Wadsworth, Ohio. Dave Everhard, 4934A Locust St., Great Falls, Montana 59405 (97) BUYING OBSOLETE CURRENCY — all states wanted, especially North Carolina. Also, Confederate currency and U. S. Fractional. Desire quality. Willing to pay top prices. Don Buchanan, P. 0. Box 8632, Greensboro, NC 27410 (94) HAVE A QUESTION OR PROBLEM? HERE'S YOUR SPMC CONTACT: Area of Concern: -Change of Address -Non-receipt of magazine -Orders for SPMC Publications Person to Contact: Fred Sheheen The Camden Company P. 0. Box 9 Camden, S. C. 29020 In order to speed a response to your letter, please include: -a stamped, addressed envelope. -your complete address, including zip code. -your SPMC membership number (if one has been assigned). Selected duplicates from the Armand Champa Library And Other Fine Consignments Michael & Marlene Bourne present Featuring: • Original-Crosby-1878 Early Coins of America • Original-Crosby-1897 The United States Coinage of 1793 cents & half cents • Original-Doughty-1890 The Cents of the United States • Original - Dickeson 's American Numismatic Manual 1859-1860-1865 • Early American Cents-Sheldon 1949 Penny Whimsy-1958 • U.S. Copper Cents-1816-1857 Newcombe-2nd & 3rd Reprints • Heath Counterfeit Detectors at Sight • Original-Newcombe-1925 U.S. Cents 1801-1802-1803 • Snowden-1860 The mint manual of coins of all nations • Eckfeldt/DuBois-1842 A manual of coins & bullion also 1851 edition • Chapmans & Elders-with original plates & some with repro mates • Hundreds of Catalogs • Banking Histories and paper money items • World Books • Evans History of the U.S. Mint & Coinage-several dates • The Numismatist • American Numismatic Society Numismatic Notes & Monographs • Young Numismatist's Section ❑ Yes, please send me your Armand Champa Library mail bid sale catalog - enclosed is $5.00 Name Address City State Zip Phone Michael & Marlene Bourne RARE NUMISMATIC LITERATURE 508-40th Avenue N.E. Minneapolis, Minnesota 55421 Hours: 2.7 Monday-Friday, 9-5 Saturday 16121 781-3421 411.VISA Paper Money Page 229 uri,ED sr<rEs NATIONAL CURRENCY UNITED STATES LEGAL TENDER NOTES nui UNITED STATES SILVER CERTIFICATES UNITED STATES GOLD CERTIFICATES UNITED STATES FEDERAL RESERVE NOTES UNiTE0 STATES • FEDERAL RESERVE NOTES UNITED STATES SMALL SIZE CURRENCY oVITED STATES EXPERIMENTAL ISSUE MIMI= 1.12,1117.1711 Maftmilma. ar. UNITED s rATES EMERGE:NI V SERIES MILS MATO. .1. • Capacity 1 14 12 12 Retail .60 4.50 3.50 3.50 21 6.00 8 2.50 9 3.00 3 1.50 4 1.50 2 .60 12 3.50 4 1,50 12 3.50 12 3.50 12 3.50 Page 230 Whole No. 94 For An Award , Winning Collection MOUNT YOUR U.S. PAPER MONEY ON eW,o&mix CURRENCY ALBUM PAGES The following sets of PHOENIX CURRENCY ALBUM PAGES and mounts will accommodate ALL small size U.S. currency issued from 1928 to date. Legal Tender Notes Series L-01 One Dollar 1928 L-02 Two Dollars 1928-63A L-05 Five Dollars 1928-63A L-3B Any Denomination ANY Silver Certificates One Dollar Five Dollars Ten Dollars Emergency Issue - Africa Emergency Issue - Hawaii Experimental Issue - "R" & "S" Any Denomination Gold Certificates $10.-$20.-$50.-$100. Federal Reserve Bank Notes Any Denomination National Currency Any Denomination Any Denomination Federal Reserve Blockletter and Notes - $1.00 District Sets Star Note Sets SERIES CAPACITY RETAIL SERIES CAPACITY RETAIL Granahan-Dillon 1963 12 3.50 01 - 1B 34 8.75 Granahan-Fowler 1963A 12 3.50 01-2B 70 17.75 Granahan-Barr 1963B 5 2.00 01-3B 13 3.75 Elston-Kennedy 1969 12 3.50 01-4B 36 9.25 Kabis-Kennedy 1969A 12 3.50 01-5B 32 8.25 Kabis-Connally 19698 12 3.50 01.6B 35 9.25 Banuelos-Connally 1969C 10 3.50 01-7B 25 6.75 Banuelos-Shultz 1969D 12 3.50 01-8B 47 12.25 Neff-Simon 1974 12 3.50 01-9B 68 17.25 Morton-Blumenthal 1977 12 3.50 01-10B 63 16.25 Morton-Miller 1977A 12 3.50 01.11B 24 6.50 Federal Reserve Notes - $2.00 Series Capacity Retail 02-1 Neff-Simon 1976 12 3.50 Federal Reserve Notes - $2.00 Blockletter and Star Notes Sets 02-18 Neff-Simon 1976 24 6.50 Federal Reserve Notes F-3B Any Denomination ANY 12 3.50 Small Size Currency AP-3B All Purpose (Errors, radars, etc.) ANY 12 3.50 SC-1 SC-5 SC-10 S-EA S-EH S-RS S-3B G-01 F-05 N-05 N-38 01-1 01-2 01-3 01-4 01-5 01-6 01-7 01-8 01-9 01-10 01-11 1928-57B 1934-53B 1933.53B 1934-35A 1934-35A 1935A ANY 1928 1929 1929 1929 Please include $1.50 for postage and handling on all orders. PHOENIX CURRENCY ALBUM PAGES fit any standard three-ring loose-leaf binder. R. J. BALBATON, INC. POST OFFICE BOX 314, PAWTUCKET, RI 02862 THE 9 (THE COIN DEALER NEWSLETTER)`GREY SHEET •Treasury Notes or Coin Notes •National Bank Notes •Federal Reserve Bank Notes •Federal Reserve Notes •National Gold Bank Notes •Gold Certificates •Demand Notes •U.S. Notes (Legal Tender) •Compound Interest Treasury Notes • Interest Bearing Notes •Refunding Certificate •Silver Certificates •Federal Reserve Notes •Gold Certificates •WW2 Emergency Issues •Legal Tender Notes •Silver Certificates •National Bank Notes •Federal Reserve Bank Notes •WW2 Emergency Issues •National Currency •LI. S. Noted (Legal Tender) •Silver Certificates ...from the Publishers of the most respected source of pricing information ... ANNOUNCES a NEW Publication ... the CURRENCY DEALER newsletter ...an all NEW Monthly Publication that is the most COMPREHENSIVE and UP-TO- DATE pricing guide available in this booming (and ever-changing) field! DEALER-TO-DEALER BID/ASK Charts cover all of the following areas: *LARGE SIZE U. S. NOTES* *U.S. FRACTIONAL CURRENCY* *U.S. FRACTIONAL CURRENCY* PROOF & SPECIMEN NOTES *SMALL SIZE U.S. NOTES* *UNCUT SHEETS-SMALL SIZE CURRENCY • ....PLUS in-depth articles and analyses, each month, written by the most respected experts in this field! ....PLUS - auction reports - to give a clear and accurate picture of the most recent activity! ....PLUS - special Issue-by-Issue Charts covering special areas of changing importance! Please enter my subscription to the new monthly CURRENCY DEALER Newsletter Enclosed is my check or money order for ❑ $20 for One Year ❑ $37.50 for Two Years MAIL TO: The Currency Dealer Newsletter P. O. BOX 2308 Hollywood, CA. 90028 PLEASE WRITE TO THE ABOVE FOR OUTSIDE NORTH AMERICA SUBSCRIPTION RATES. NAME ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP Paper Money Page 231 g 431,41Pr.r.1719.1.3.1.11.1241tiAs T11535 1:111101:51fArs. 7.432f, $243Z.W.CD : • 7;1, o. . , PRIOSaFtlxivIonulIPee. iJPECTMEN ,11 zrZei • Profusely illustrated with full and detailed descriptions. • Prompt settlement after sale. • Full insurance by Lloyds of London. • Reasonable cash advances if necessary. AT THE LOWEST COMMISSION RATES IN THE UNITED STATES 714 illii011:11 Ralik ini.skek Avv, NASCA FEE SCHEDULE FOR CONSIGNMENTS Price Realized Commission Charged per lot to consignor $1501-Up 5% $501-1500 71/2% $1-500 15% Please Note There is a 5% charge tO the buyer in all of NASCA 's auction sales REMEMBER —WE CATALOGUE COINS & CURRENCY—WE DO NOT LIST THEM NASCA NUMISMATIC AND ANTIQUARIAN SERVICE CORPORATION OF AMERICA 265 Sunrise Highway, County Federal Bldg., Suite 53 Rockville Centre, L.I., New York 11570 516/764-6677-78 FNASCA 265 Sunrise Hwy. 053 Rockville Centre. N. Y. 11570 516.764-6677 I wish to consign to one of your upcoming currency sales at THE LOWEST COMMISION RATES IN THE UNITED STATES. Please call me at George W. Ball, Chairman of the Board Herz Me ,. (Arms Code) Please send additional details to: NAME ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP (Ok 1m I 611313121.*14/11VA„,, At Usnralta■ D.tbi.. Page 232 Whole No. 94 In the last year NASCA has sold more Currency at Auction than all our Competitors in the 'world COMBINED! Legal Tender Oranges in 11x14 Frame $12.00 ppd Legal Tender Apples in 11x14 Frame $12.00 ppd Greater Columbia $40.00 ppd Record Bond $15.00 ppd Uncle Sam $40.00 ppd Six original turn of the century, full color embossed cigar box labels. Beautifully double matted in 8"x10" dark oak wood frame with glass. Your choice of two tone blue, light green or brown matte. Please specify. Checks of the Assistant Treasurer of the U.S. at New York 1860s. Pink Print. $8.50 ea. ppd. Full sheet of 3 pcs. uncut $24.00 ppd. Checks of the Assistant Treasurer of the U.S. at New York 1860s. Army allotment. Black print on green $15.00 ea. ppd. Full sheet of 5 pcs. uncut $60.00 ppd. Checks of the Treasurer of the U.S. Wash- ington 1860s. Brown print. $8.50 ea. ppd. Full sheet of 3 pcs. uncut $24.00 ppd. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED CHARLES T. RODGERS C.T. COINS P.O. Box 66531 • Los Angeles, CA 90066 r, ANA • *emit Paid In Full $15.00 ppd Bank Note $15.00 ppdWar Chest $15.00 ppd M. LAPIDUS A SONS Inloatmo, 011.1..001 NOW Of CHICAGO, ILLINOIS A ssi sttvr THEAS I HEN Nn . Yolk Doting ONO SON. kis/ trGrkr. ( EAS 1 It I!: OF '1'11 E U. S. _ Nr.”hmelo. _ Paper Money Page 233 6/ 1/56 GD (SPM) 110.00 9/ 1/57 C138 AF 85.00 Fair/GD 125.00 12/ 1/54 C171 F 95.00 Wig.il XF/AU Uns. 1850.00 9/ 1/51 VG (repairs) 135.00 9/15/43 #38-115 AVF 125.00 2/ 1/44 #13-R4 CU-CC 200.00 5/ 7/20 Sim E185 VF+ 185.00 CU Uns. 125.00 XF Uns. 210.00 6/ 7/15 422-4 R5 AF 235.00 3/ 9/66 603-1 R5 AVF 175.00 11/ 1/56 121 R4 VF(SPM) 225.00 #2-1 R4 VG (tears) 95.00 #2-3 R4 VG (Si)F 95.00 2/ 1/62 VG+(1/3miss) 135.00 Sin.C148 CU Uns. 55.00 N375 CU Uns. 45.00 10/20/37 Prob. R7 VG 89.00 XF-PC 95.00 XF (1P I) 950.00 5/12/62 prob.R7 VG(SPM) 145.00 1/ 1/63 Prob. R7 AU-PC 79.00 #2 AU Uns. 89.00 12/ 9/35 #43 AU/CU 525.00 3/20/58 #41 Re F+-CC 135.00 2/10/58 #42 R7 VG-CC 200.00 8/ 1/63 UG11 VG (LIP) 235.00 6/ 1/61 Sim.C270 VG 195.00 1/ 9/62 Cris. #4 XF 125.00 P170 XF Uns. 385.00 #1 R4 GD+ Uns. 95.00 3/ 9/63 # R5 XF 135.00 1/ 8/63 # R4+ AU 125.00 #160 GD/VG 150.00 9/ 6/12 XF 75.00 5/14/ 5 Fair 65.00 1/ 1/53 #382 R7 GD (SPM) 165.00 11/10/64 Sim.#821 VG+ 285.00 #1742-R7 CU Uns. 95.00 1/ 1/52 1864 R7 VG (repr.) 175.00 9/ 1/15 VG (SMH) 95.00 4/ 1/64 F 75.00 AU 89.00 5/ 1/38 F+ (SPM) 145.00 7/25/62 F+ 135.00 5/ 5/65 AU 110.00 VF (tears) 350.00 Sim.W252 AU-PC 125.00 12/15/40 U456 CU 1125.00 11/ 1/54 5/ 1/75 Cris.#7 Un1. 7/ 1/56 4/29/61 R6+ 5/ 1/58 #26 R7 11/ 1/56 XF/btr. 35.00 GO (tears) 95.00 VG-PC(repr.) 95.00 VF (stain) 375.00 GD 175.00 VG+ 725.00 AU-000 85.00 F (LPM) 89.00 Pair 125.00 The Currency Exchange Inc. Page 234 Wholo No. 94 A FEW PRIME SPECIMENS FOR YOUR INSPECTION We at the Currency Exchange Inc. are pleased to offer a few inventory selections for the advanced collector and shrewd investor. Please include $2.50 to defray postage costs on all orders. Minnesota residents must add 4% state tax. Best regards, D. Scott Secor President ST Town Description Iss. Dat Ref. No. Grade Price AL Huntsville $2 Northern Bk of AL -RARE- AL Montgomery $100 Central Bk, BC&Co (Indians in canoe) AL Shakespeare 25cent ? Finlay ? Scrip, S/N 89 -RARE- AR Little Rock $3 Cinc. & Little Rock Slate Co. (scarce sigs.) CA San Francis. $50 Calif.,New York & European Steamship Co., R7 DC Georgetown $5 Bank of North America "Payable Dan. Webster" FL Apalichic. $2 Bk of St. Marys FL Tallahassee $4 Bank of Florida, RW&H (Terr. date) IL Edwardsville $10 Bk of Edwardsville, RARE early note IL Jackson $10 IL Exporting, Mining & Mfg. Co. (KY X.-over) IL Virginia $1 Treas. of County of Cass -RARE- IN Lexington $10 IN Mfg. Co., MDF&Cb "Indiana Terr." IN New Castle $25 Treas. of Henry County, Grn & Blk KS Leay.City $5 The Drovers Bank, WLO (horses) KS ? ? ? 5 cent Kaup & Trumbull Merch. Due Bill (grn) KS ? ? ? 25cent Kaup & Trumbull Merch. Due Bill (grn) KY Hickman lOcent White & McMahan (CSA "1st pres." shield) LA New Orleans $1000 Citizens Bk of LA (bi-lingual) LA New Orleans $1000 "Canal Bank", RWH&E MA AdamsS.Vill. $1 Farmers & Mechanics Bk, NEBNCb -RARE- MA Boston 4 cent J.P. Williams scrip, green print MA Lowell $500 Appleton Bk, ABNCo (impared proof) RARE!!! MD Baltimore $1 Comn'l. & Fanners Bk of Balt., NBNCo (ship) ME Portland lOcent N.M. Woodman scrip (unlisted in Wait) MI Allegan $5 Bank of Allegan, RW&H MI Ann Arbor SR Bank of Washtenaw, RW&H (RARE) MN St. Paul $1 Treas. of State of MN, terr. date! MN St. Paul $3 Treas. of State of MN, Terr. Date! MO Jeff. City $1 Union Military Bond, ABNCb -VERY RARE- MO St.Louis $3 City Treas. Warrant, ABNCo MS Jackson 510 State of MS, ERROR dtd 62 pay. 62 RARE MT Helena $50 Peoples National Bank, NBNCb (RARE) NB Lincoln $1 City of Lincoln, CBNW (Lincoln on rev.) NB Omaha City wrtn. Terr. of Nebraska Treas. Warrant (grn&blk) NB Omaha City wrtn. Same but with "Terr. of Nebraska" in red NC Wilmington $6 Bk of Cape Fear, pay. 0 ?, BC&C10 ND Valley City lOcent U.S. Treas. Dept. Warrant, payable N.D. NH Keene $4 Cheshire Bank, RARE early NH note! NJ Cape May CH $2 Traders Bank NJ Hoboken $2 North River Bk, UBNCb -UNLISTED- R7 NJ Newton $1 Sussex Bank, BB&C (haywagon & blacksmith) NJ Paterson $1 Passaic County Bk, ABNCb NY Albany 2 cent ? ? ? scrip, pay. NY State Bk NY Utica 2 cent S.W. Chubbuck scrip (pay. in Postage Curr.) NY -SUTLER- 25cent 2nd Regt. NY Heavy Artillary, D.S. Sheldon OH CuyahogaFls. 12-1/2 Cuyahoga Falls Real Estate Assn. scrip S/N32 OH Hemlock Lake lOcent S. Francis scrip, pay. Bk of Lima OH SUTLER 2.50 188th Reg. Ohio Vol. Inf., pay.Jos. Grimm PA Phila. $500 City Bank, BB&C Impaired proof on new card PA Philadelphia $5 Western Bk of Phila., NBNW (Eagle) RARE PA Phila. $3300 Bk of United States, DTL&Co RARE! PA COLL. SCRIP - - Peirce School scrip set $1,2,10,20&50 TN Tazewell $5 TN Nashville $5 Tx Galveston $1 UT Salt Lake $3 VI Charlotte $8 VT Montpelier $1 WI Pepin $5 WI Racine $2 Bk of Claiborne, DW&Co Treas. of the State of TN, AMU) Labor Exchange Scrip (1897) RARE Drovers Bank, Ormsby (cattle) -RARE- Monticello Bank, DW&Co S/N 37 RARE! State Bank, TC&Cb (Large COC) Chippewa Bk, DW&Co (horses) RARE Richmond's Exchg. Bank 1633 N.E.Highway 10 Suite 5W Spring Lake Park, MN 55432 612-786-5545 Days 612-757-5878 Eve. after 6 Ask for Scott Secor Name Address City, State, Zip Daytime Tel.: Mail coupon to: New England Rare Coin Galleries / P.O. Box 1776, Boston, MA 02105 KC-47 NEW ENGLAND RARE COIN GALLERIES Paper Money Page 235 Sell your currency to the company that'd not holding out for a bargain . New England Rare Coin Galleries holds out for quality. New England Rare Coin Galleries, the world's largest dealer in rare U.S. coins, is now buying rare U.S. currency. And we are applying the same high standards to our paper money inventory that have made our rare coin inventory famous: unsurpassable quality material, with absolute guarantees of grading and authenticity. We can't afford any bargains ...we will pay only top prices, but only for top quality currency. Here are some examples of our current needs, and the prices we will pay for uncirculated notes, depending on condition: ❑ Legal Tender $10 Bison $1,500 - $2,500 ❑ Silver Certificates $2 Educational: $2,00 - $3,750 ❑ Fractional Currency 504 Justice Issue: $165 - $700 ❑ Treasury Notes $2 1891: $500 - $1,700 We don't expect any bargains ... and our offer may come as a pleasant surprise to you. Ship your notes, registered and insured, to New England. Or contact us first to discuss your collection. A special Offer for SPMC Members! If you collect paper money you should read Inventory Selections'', New England's monthly catalog of coins and paper money. Subscrip- tion cost is $10 per year, automatically extended when you buy $150 or more from any catalog. As a spe- cial introductory offer to SPMC members, we are offering free sample copies of the current issue. Inventory Selections' feature arti- cles, monthly columns, and bountiful selection have made it one of the most eagerly awaited publications in numis- matics ... and now in syngraphics.too! Send for your free current issue today. Dear New England: ❑ Enclosed are notes from my collection. Please contact me with your offer. ❑ Please contact me about buying my (brief description of material you wish to sell) ❑ I'd like to receive your currency offerings every month. Please enter my subscription to Inventory Selections'. I enclose $10. ❑ I'm an SPMC member. Please send the current issue of Inventory Selections free. New England Rare Coin Galleries World's Largest Dealer in Bare U.S. Coinage 69 Devonshire Street, Boston, MA 02109 ❑ Toll-free 800-225-6794 ❑ In Mass. 617-227-8800 Page 236 Whole No. 94 PAGES FROM THE ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF FLORIDA PAPER MONEY by Daniel G. Cassidy by Daniel G. Cassidy riAS. >4iRly, t. 41 11.4 4,A ie.., a kre.a3sra she A.44,6ier ...St 9 etik ;AM 44.1c. OF {AM SAM0.4.415= STILL AVAILABLE! ***Catalogs and describes 1,146 known examples of Florida paper money, issued from the 1770's until 1935, including; Territorial and State issues. State, City, and County scrip. Private issues and Railroad change bills. Territorial, State, and Private Bank issues. National Currency issued by national banks in Florida. ***Gives the complete history of the banks, firms, or individuals that issued paper money in Florida. Historical sketches of the 72 cities and towns involved are also highlighted. ***More than 475 high quality illustrations of actual notes, bank buildings, and bankers are dispersed throughout the book. A total of 285 rare Florida notes are reproduced, including one or more notes representing 71 of the 72 cities and towns where Florida currency was tendered. Very few of these notes have been illustrated anywhere in the past. 1),\\ILL ( \S- 1l . )1` Paper Money Page 237 The ILLUSTRATED History of FLORIDA PAPER MONEY There is a book that serious paper money enthusiasts will want to add to their collection. In comparison with many of the other states, the paper money of Florida tends to be quite rare. Finally, the subject of Florida's rare currency has been totally explored and exposed. The Illustrated History of Florida Paper Money is a large size book of over 250 pages representing more than 6 years of careful research. You will be amazed at the history which is interwoven with the paper money of Florida. Some of the interesting personalities involved with Florida paper money are Achille Murat (nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte), John Milton (Florida's Confederate Governor who committed suicide in office), Gen. Francis Spinner (famed U. S. Treasurer who was the impetus for the founding of the First National Bank of Florida and for whom his two sons-in-law served as officers), and Gregor MacGregor (who freed much of northern Florida from Spanish rule in 1817). Two editions of The Illustrated History of Florida Paper Money are available. A soft cover edition is offered for $18.00. An ever nicer hard cover edition with dust jacket is priced at $22.00. Postage will be paid by us. If you are a Florida resident please add 4% state sales tax. The Illustrated History of Florida Paper Money Hard Bound Edition $22.00 Soft Bound Edition $18.00 (Florida Residents Add 4% Tax) Make Payment to: DANIEL G. CASSIDY P. 0. BOX 2668 JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA 32203 Whole No. 94 For Confederate Currency - Obsolete Stocks And Bonds Come To The Experts Combined Experience of Over 60 Years CRISWELL'S Ft. McCoy, Fla. 32637 Larry Marsh Grover Criswell Page 238 TOM KNEBL, INC. BOX 5043 SANTA ANA, CA 92704 (7141 751-6608 41" L m yrn se publicmion , CUSTOMER SERVItt RVIk0.0 WANTED FRACTIONAL CURRENCY. Highest prices paid for scarce, or higher grade material—regular issue. specimens. shields, full or partial sheets, errors, and Spinner material. U.S. ENCASED POSTAGE. Buying all encased postage, in any condition, rare or common. U.S. MILITARY PAYMENT CERTIFICATES. Buying late series (611-6921in new condition, early series (461-591) in X F or LAter. Replacements in any condition. WORLD CURRENCY. Buying better Africa, Asia, Central & South America, East and West Indies, French & British Commonwealth. FREE LISTS. Write for our free selling lists. Please specify your collecting interest(s). Please write or ship with price desired, or I will make an offer commensurate with the quality. scarcity, and current market value of the material. Please include your phone number with any material sent, for an immediate reply. Under $400 ship insured/first class, over $400 ship registered for full estimated value. ANA SPMC PMCM IBNS CSNA NASC Paper Money Page 239 14tttt. oraiiiisormena.ANobody pays more than Huntoon for ARIZONA & WYOMING State and Territorial Nationals *eni.st, WANT ALL SERIES, ANY CONDI- TION, EXCEPT WASHED OR "DOC- TORED" NOTES. (MANY TRADES!) PETER HUNTOON P.O. Box 3681, Laramie, WY 82071 N.110V40.10.41 w iLl(3.1. 14AIN 4 3015 ALITirr , Buying Choice Currency Individual or Collections Confederate Obsolete especially Mississippi Southern State Issues Pass Christian, Ms. Script Guy C. Kraus P.O. Box 42003 Houston, Texas 77042 (713) 789-4874/975-8538 TNA SPMC Wanted To Buy, Georgia Obsolete Currency EAGLE & PHOEN I X MFG. CO . (18931, any note. Ellis & l.ic ingston, any note. Farmers Bank of Chattahoochee, any note. Greenwood & Grimes, any note. T.M. Hogan. any note. Insurance Bank, any note. Livery Stables, any note. Manufacturers & Mechanics Bank, $2.00. 93.00, $10.00. Mobile & Girard H.R., any note. MUSCOGEE MEG. CO . (18931, any note. Palace Mills, almost all notes. Phoenix Bank, any note. Planters & Mechanics Bank, any note. Western Bank of Ga., (BRANCH). any note. COOL SPRINGS WILLIS ALLEN (store), any note. CORDELE Crisp County Cotton association 119151, any note. COVINGTON Richard Camp, any note. CUTHBERT Banking House of John McGunn, any note. DAHLONEGAH Bank of Darien (BRANCH), any note Cherokee Bank, any note. Pigeon Roost Mining Co.. any note. DAI.TON Bank of Whitfield, any fractional; "M ANOU VIE IC $3.00 & $5.00. Cherokee Insurance & Banking, any Fractional: 52.00, $5.00. $10.00. City Council of Dalton, any note, especially signed. Planters Insurance Trust & Loan Co., any note, ESPECIALLY SIGNED. Planters & Mechanics Bank. any FRACTIONAL. DARIEN Bank of Darien, any note. DECATUR Scrip, Various issuers, want any note. DUBLIN Laurens County. any note. EATONTON Bank of the State of Ga. (Branch), $50.00, $100.00. ELBERTON Elbert County, any note. FORSYTHE County of Monroe. any note. Monroe H.R. & Banking Co., (Branch), any note. Scrip payable at AGENCY 01-"I'llE Monroe H.R. Bank, any note. FORT GAINES Fort Gaines, any note 1,NUT II I 1 L'V Pulaski County, any note. JACKSON Butts County. any note. JONESBORO Clayton County, any note. JEFFERSONTON (Scrip), any note. LA FAYETTE Western & Atlantic H.R., any note. LA GRANGE LaGrange Bank, any note, — DON"l' WANT "RECONSTRUCTIONS " LUMPK IN Stewart County, any note . Y MACON Bank of Macon. any note. especially notes payable at Branch in Bank of Middle Georgia, any note. BANK OF THE STATE OF GA. (BRANCH). (RARE) PAY HIGH, any note. B11,1,01-' EXCHANGE (issued from Charleston, S.C.) any note, especial- ly signed. Central R.R. & Banking Co. (Branch), S. any note. City Council of Macon, any note. City of Macon, any note. Commercial Bank, any note. ON D. Dempsey. any note. Exchange Bank 118931, any note. Insurance Bank, any note. Macon & Brunswick H.R., $3.00 & higher. Macon & Western H.R., any note. Manufacturers Bank, any Fractional; $10.00. $20.00, $50.00, $100.00. The following is my want list of Georgia obsolete currency. I will pay competitive and fair prices for any Georgia notes. I will buy virtually any Georgia note, so if you have anything Georgia please write, or send for offer, subject of course to your approval. I also sell duplicates. I am working on a book listing Georgia obsolete currency, and will appreciate any help. if you have unusual or rare Georgia notes. Agency Planters Bank (Scrip), any note. GAINESVILLE City of Gainesville, any note. GEORGETOWN John N. Webb, any note. GREENBOROUGH D. H. Lanford, any note. BANK OF THE STATE OF GA. (BRANCH) (HARE) Pay high. an note. BANK OF G REENSBOHOUGH any note. GREENVILLE County of Merriwether, any note. GRIFFIN City Council of Griffin, any note. County of Spaulding, any note. Exchange Bank, any note. Interior Bank, any note. Also CON - TEm PORARY COUNTERFEIT Monroe H.R. & Banking Co. (Branch), any note. HAMILTON Harris County (HAMILTON NOT NOTES), any note. HARTWELL Hart County, any note. HAW KINSVILLE Agency Planters Bank (Scrip), any note. Bank of Hawkinsville, any note. claud murphy, jr., p.o. box 15091, atlanta, georgia 30333 telephone (404) 876-7160 SELL HARRY YOUR MISTAKES Harry wants to buy Currency Errors Also Interested in Buying Nationals ... Large and Small size Uncut Sheets Red Seals Type Notes Unusual Serial numbers HARRY E. JONES PO Box 30369 Cleveland, Ohio 44130 216-884-0701 FOR SALE CURRENCY FOR SALE U.S.A. LARGE & SMALL SIZE CURRENCY INCLUDING: NATIONAL CURRENCY OBSOLETE CURRENCY RADAR & FANCY SERIAL NUMBER NOTES "ERROR" NOTES & OTHER TYPES LARGE MAIL LISTING AVAILABLE FOR A LARGE-SIZE, SELF-ADDRESSED STAMPED ENVELOPE. 10-DAY RETURN PRIVILEGE. YOUR SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. ROBERT A. CONDO P.O. BOX 985, VENICE, FL 33595 Page 240 Whole No. 94 WANTED Nyack 1286 2378 Suffern 5846 Haverstraw 2229 Pearl River 10526 Spring Vale , v 5390 Tuxedo 11404 Port Jervis 94 1363 Nanuet 13314 Warwick 314 Newburgh 468 1106 Chester 1349 Goshen 1399 1408 Middletown 3333 13956 Montgomery 7982 13559 Highland Falls 8850 Washingtonville 9065 Pine Bush 9940 13960 Florida 9956 13825 Central Valley 9990 Cornwall 10084 Walkill 10155 Windham 12164 13962 Walden 10923 Carlisle, Pa 4444 Carlisle, Ind. 8805 Kaufman, Texas 3836 Spring Valley, Ill. 3465 Spring Valley, Minn. 6316 Spring Valley, Ohio 7896 CARLISLE F. KAUFMAN 6 State St. Spring Valley, NY 10977 DENVER, COLORADO 80221 CUSTOMER SERVICE NNW Paper Money Page 241 MUST BUY-NATIONALS, TYPES. FOR OUR MAIL BID ACUTIONS. Write for FREE list. 800 notes (Bi-Monthly) WHERE CURRENCY IS FIRST NOT A SIDE LINE ED'S CURRENCY BOX 7295 LOUISVILLE, KY 40207 WRITE, SHIP OR CALL. (502) 895-1168 Members - SPMC. ANA. CSNS. BRNA. PMCM. States of-Cal. Fla. Ill. Ky. Mo. Tenn. QUALITY NOTES FOR THE COLLECTOR AND INVESTOR FREE INVENTORY LIST AND NEWSLETTER AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST M ID -AMERICAN" CURRENCY P.O. BOX 21182 (303) 751-5718 4-1400-0414WZ 6-4■401Z G■4041"Z VIAPIPZ Confederate & Obsolete Notes BUY-SELL-APPRAISALS Please contact us if you have one item or a collection. Top prices paid. We want to buy your notes! If you collect we offer our ex- tensive list of notes for $1.00. refundable with purchase. ANN & HUGH SHULL P.O. BOX 712 LEESVILLE, S.C. 29070 803/532-6747 e.,04N-9 COIN-9 e.041■•■9 SCNA ANA If You Want To Buy Or Sell Te4as Material Republic of Texas Note Of Our Choice $19.00 Try Us D.S. & R.L. Higgins Inc. 713-481-4436 P.O. Box 53373 Houston, TX 77052 BANKNOTES ARE OUR BUSINESS IF YOU ARE SELLING: We are seriously interested in acquiring large size and scarcer small size United States paper money. We are interested in single itims as well as extensive collections. We are especially in need of national bank notes and we also buy foreign paper money. If you have a collection which includes both paper money and coins, it may prove in your best financial interest to obtain a separate bid from us on your paper money as we deal exclusively and full time in paper money. We will fly to purchase if your holdings warrant. IF YOIJ ARE BUYING: We issue periodic extensive lists of U.S. paper money, both large size, small size and fractional. Our next list is yours for the asking. The VAULT Frank A. Nowak SPMC 933 P. 0. Box 2283 Prescott, Ariz. 86302 Phone (602) 445-2930 Member of. ANA, P*MCM Pell) jer5ep National Bank Currency 2.1/ZECD I am interested in small & large size Nationals for my personal collection from the following towns in Berge , 1 County & will pay the highest prices to get tkem. Allendale Fort Lee Bqrgenfield Garfield Bogota Glen Rock Carlstadt Hackensack Cliffside Park Hillsdale Closter Leonia Dumont Little Ferry Engelwood Lodi Edgewater Lyndhurst Fairview North Arlington Palaisades Park Ridgefill4 Park Ridgewood Rutherford Ramsey Tenafly Westwood Wyckoff West EngleWittod eastern Com excbange 31tu. ANA LM 709 PH. 201-342-8170 74 Anderson Street Hackensack, N.J. 07601 Page 242 Whole No. 94 NI/ WANTED LARGE SIZE U.S. PAPER MONEY MUST BE CRISP UNCIRCULATED. OR RARE TOP PRICES PAID ALSO BUYING: NATIONALS, OBSOLETE CONFEDERATE AND COLONIAL PAPER MONEY PLUS COIN COLLECTIONS AND ACCUMULATIONS CALL, WRITE OR SHIP TODAY WANT LISTS SOLICITED -of STEVE MICHAELS P.O. Box 27, Maple Glen, PA 19002 (215) 628-2925 ANA (91) SPMC FLORIDA NOTES WANTED ALL SERIES Also A Good Stock Of Notes Available P.O. BOX 1358 WARREN HENDERSON VENICE, FLA. 33595 WANTED OBSOLETE PAPER MONEY (Bank Notes, Script, Warrants, Drafts) of the AMERICAN WEST Oregon, California, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Montana, New Mexico, Colorado, Dakota, Deseret, Indian, Jefferson Territories! Cash paid, or fine Obsolete Paper traded. Have Proof notes from most states, individual rarities, seldom seen denominationals, Kirtlands, topicals; Colonial, Continental; CSA, Southern States notes and bonds. Also have duplicate West- ern rarities for advantageous trade. JOHN J. FORD, JR. P.O. DRAWER 706, ROCKYILLE CENTRE, N.Y. 11571 WANTED NATIONAL BANK NOTES and U. S. & CANADIAN PAPER MONEY Buy and Sell Frank R. Trask SPMC, ANA, NECC Phone 207-985-7431 31 Main Street Kennebunk, ME 04043 OBSOLETE CURRENCY LISTS Broken Bank Notes, Merchant Scrip, Confederate Currency, U. S. Fractional Over 1000 notes available: Send your 18c S.A.S.E. and indicate your specific area of interest with grades desired. DON EMBURY P. O. Box 61 Wilmington, CA 90748 Page 243 SUPPORT YOUR SOCIETY The Society of Paper Money Collectors has an informative handout brochure available for the asking. Contained in the brochure is information on the Society and paper money in general. Take some with you to the next coin club meeting or show. Write S.P.M.C. secretary Del Beaudreau. MICHIGAN PAPER MONEY SPECIALISTS Price Lists available for the asking If it's paper and it says "Michigan", we're interested! Falater Box 81 Allen, Michigan 49227 4514 North 30th Street 4212,442_,S • "Pronto Service' Phone 402-451-4766 Page 244 Whole No. 94 RARE AUTOGRAPHED UNCUT SHEETS THE BEST "TIME-PROVEN" INVESTMENT IS COINS & CURRENCY EXAMPLE - In 1974 we sold a 1928 $1.00 RED SEAL GEM UNCUT SHEET (12) for $7,500.00. NOW - 7 Years later, we will Pay 3X $7,500.00 for a Similar GEM UNCUT SHEET. 1928-E $1.00 SILVER CERTIFICATE SHEET (12). Of the 25 Sheets issued only Seven Sheets are recorded as being extant - Many Sheets were Cut up over the years. This Great Rarity was Personally Autographed by both W. A. JULIAN and HENRY MORGENTHAU, JR. - and Pro- bably the only Sheet with Both Autographs still existing. Price - Subject to Prior Sale $44,975.00 1935-D $1.00 SILVER CERTIFICATE SHEET (12). Clarke & Snyder. All 12 Notes were Personally Autographed by GEORGIA NEESE CLARK. Indeed a Bonanza for the Autograph Specialist. Just this One Sheet 6,495.00 1928-C $2.00 LEGAL TENDER SHEET (12). Of the 25 Sheets issued only 12 Sheets are recorded as known to be extant in Charles O'Donnell's 6th Edition "The Standard Handbook of Modern United States Paper Money". This Excessively Rare Sheet was Personally Autographed by both W. A. JULIAN and HENRY MORGENTHAU, JR. Specially Priced @ 9,450.00 FEDERAL RESERVE SETS SCARCE SUPERB CRISP NEW $1 COMPLETE SETS Rapidly Disappearing from the American Scene 10% discount on orders over $200 for any of the following $1 F.R. Sets (except when priced NET) Regular Sets Star Sets 1963 (12) 32.75 (12) 35.75 1963-A (12) 31.75 (12) 34.75 1963-B (5) 16.75 (4) 16.75 1969 (12) 30.75 (12) 33.75 1969-A (12) 29.75 (11)31.75 1969-B (12) 28.75 (12)32.75 1969-C (12) 25.75 (9) 48.75 1969-D (12) 27.75 (11)30.75 1974 (12) 25.75 (12)29.75 1977 (12) 24.75 (12) 27.75 1977-A (12) 22.75 For any above set with the last TWO serial nos. matching, add $2.00 per set. SPECIAL OFFER 1963/77A all 11 sets (NET) 249.75 Last 2 NOS. MATCH (NET) 269.75 1963/77 all 10 STAR Sets (NET) 279.75 Last 2 NOS. MATCH (NET) 299.75 BLOCK BUSTER SPECIAL 1963-A $1 Scarce "BB" Block Lists $45.00 SUPERB Crisp New (buy two $69.50) Each $37.50 WANTED - 1963 BC; DB Blocks. Ask for our BIG "Block Buster" Special List. MAJOR ERROR SPECIAL 1957 $1 Silver Certificate. The serial nos. start with U37 & U47. CRISP NEW - PRICE 79.50 IN PLASTIC HOLDER, W/Title 84.50 DELOREY/REED'S "Price Guide on Modern U. S. Paper Money Errors" Illus'd. 4th Ed. PPD 3 95 1976 $2 BICENTENNIAL SET The two last serial nos. match on all 12 Dist. Superb Cr. New36.95 1976 $2 STAR SET SET (11) Lacks Dist. 8 Crisp New 98.50 SINGLE $2 STARS Dist. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11 (Any 5 Diff. 44.00) EACH 950 (Sorry, no matching nos.) STAR NOTES WANTED CRISP NEW only - Prefer packs (100 Consecutively Numbered. Will Buy Less. 1969-C Dist. 12 PAY Each 1977-A Dist. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. Need up to 5 Packs Each. Call or Write 1976 $2 Dist. 8. 12 PAY (100) 700 Other Dist. (No Dist. 4, 11) WRITE O'DONNELL'S "The Standard Handbook of Modern U.S. Paper Money" 6th Ed. All the Facts on Small Size Notes & Block Collect- ing. ($15) SPECIAL POSTPAID 950 (Above Book FREE with $200 Note Order) 650 WANTED BUYING - WANTED Paying the following top - cash prices for Perfect Crisp New Sheets. LEGAL TENDER SHEETS 1928 $1 RED SEAL GEM Sheet (12) PAY 22,500.00 1928 $2 GEM Sheet (12) PAY 2,800.00 1928-C $2 GEM Sheet (12) PAY 4 500.00 1953 $2 GEM Sheet (18) PAY 3 750.00 1953 $5 GEM Sheet (18) PAY 4,750.00 WORLD WAR II ISSUES 1935-A $1 HAWAII OVERPRINT PAY 6 800.00 1935-A $1 NORTH AFRICA PAY 7,250.00 SILVER CERTIFICATES 1928 $1 GEM Sheet (12) PAY 3,500.00 1934 $1 GEM Sheet (12) PAY 4,250.00 1935-E $1 GEM Sheet (18) PAY 3,000.00 1953 $5 GEM Sheet (18) PAY 4 750.00 1953 $10 GEM Sheet (18) PAY 5 750.00 NATIONAL UNCUT SHEETS First-Second-Third Charter CRISP NEW SHEETS (4) PLEASE WRITE We are also Paying HIGHEST IMMEDIATE-CASH for Other UNCUT SHEETS (4, 12, 18) + SCARCE/RARE LARGE-SIZE NATIONALS, TERRITORIALS and $1.00 to $5,000.00 TYPE NOTES IN ALL SERIES + CRISP NEW HAWAII $5- $10 - $20 NOTES: NORTH AFRICA $1- $5 - $10 + 1935-A $1.00 RED "R" & "S" PAIR IN CRISP NEW ONLY. Why Not Try BEBEE'S, Leading Paper Money Specialist Since 1941. "BE SURE TO ATTEND THE BIGGEST + MOST IMPORTANT CONVENTION OF THE YEAR - JULY 28 TO AUGUST 2ND, NEW ORLEANS, LA. + AND STOP BY OUR BOOTH FOR A F RIENDLY VISIT WITH AUBREY AND ADELINE BEBEE" Please Add $3.00 (Over $300.00 add $4.00). For Immediate Shipment send Cashier's Check or Money Order. (Personal Checks take 20 to 25 Banking Days to Clear our Bank. Nebraska Residents add Sales Tax. 10016 S atisfaction Guaranteed. All items Offeres are "Subject to Prior Sale and Change in Price Without Notice." MEMBER: A.N.A. Life #110-ANS-SPMC-IAPN-PNG-Others. Omaha, Nebraska 68111 Medlar's, Inc. Announces Its 1981 Auction Featuring THE GLENN B. SMEDLEY COLLECTION San Antonio, Texas--Fall 1981 After 50 years of involvement in numismatics, Glenn B. Smedley has consigned his complete currency collection to Bob Medlar, Medlar's, Inc. Rare Coins and Currency of San Antonio, for public auction. Highlighted in the fall San Antonio sale are, among other items, Smedley's celebrated die proofs, specimen notes, vignettes and Illinois Obsolete Notes (the Illinois Notes being one of the finest known col- lections extant). Medlar's Inc.-- Over the past 25 years, Medlar's,Inc. itself has, under the direction of Bob Medlar, come to be dealers recognized as one of the nation's most prestigious in thosein rare coins and currency. (During tThe reputation recogni P g 25 years, Bob Medlar has arranged numerous and expertise auctions with only the highest regard for his consignors). Now Medlar's is honored to have you demand. been selected to present the Glenn B. Smedley Collection for public auction. The Broadway Plaza Hotel, Friday, September 25 & Saturday, September 26. For reservations phone or write. The Broadway Plaza Hotel, 1111 N.E. Loop 410, San Antonio. Texas. Phone - (512) 828-9031. The auction will be held in the Antigua Room, Fri. evening Sept. 25 & Sat. (all day) Sept. 26. MEDLAR'S Those interested in a complete listing of all the offerings should write Medlar's immediately to put their names on the mailing list for a free catalog. Address all correspondence to: Bob Medlar Medlar's Inc. Rare Coins & Currency 78205 220 Alamo Plaza San Antonio, Texas 78205 Next to The Alamo 220 Alamo Plaza San Antonio, Texas 512/226-2311 North Star Mall San Antonio, Texas 78216 RARE COINS & CURRENCY 512/342-5191 Member of SPMC, ANA, PNG, NLG, CPN. BOOKS 1HE DESCRIPTIVE REGISTER OF GENUINE BANK NOTES by Gwynne & Day 1862. 168 pp Cloth bound. 1977 reprint by Pennell Publishing Co. $15.00 postpaid. This book contains descriptions of over 10,000 genuine bank notes from 31 states and terri- tories plus 24 Canadian banks. It also identifies notes known to have been counterfeited. The names and locations of over 800 closed banks are included in the supplements. It is believed that this book was the basis of the famous Wismer Lists published by the ANA 50 years ago. A must for collectors and researchers of obsolete notes. We bound 10 copies in genuine leather and interleaved them with plain pages (for your own notes) and offer them subject to prior sale for $60.00 each. HODGES' AMERICAN BANK NOTE SAFE-GUARD by Edward M. Hodges 1865. 350 pp Cloth bound. 1977 reprint by Pennell Publishing Co. $19.50 postpaid. "Hodges' " as this book is known, contains descriptions of over 10,000 genuine notes from 30 states, 19 Canadian banks, and the United States notes issued prior to 1865. This 1865 edition was copyrighted in 1864 and at this time the United States was at war with the Confederate States. As a result the listing for six Southern states was not included because they were not a part of the United States. Louisiana was included as in 1864 it was occupied by Union troops under the infamous General Butler. West Virginia was added to this edition as it seceded from Virginia and join the Union in 1863. We have added a section from the 1863 edition (copyrighted in 1862) containing the six states deleted from the 1865 edition making this reprint the most comprehensive Hodges' ever printed. The format used consists of three rows of ten notes listed in rectangles on each page. To quote from E.M. Hodges "The SAFEGUARD is almost indispensable." Collectors will agree with him. We bound 10 copies in genuine leather and interleaved them with plain paper (for your own notes) and offer them subject to prior sale for $75.00 each. THE BANK OF THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA by Dr. F. Mauldin Lesesne 1970. 221 pp Hand bound. University of South Carolina Press $14.95 postpaid. The South had many colorful banks prior to the Civil War, but few could compare with the Bank of the State of South Carolina. From its charter in 1812 until 1881 when its history ended, it was colorful, controversial, and redeemed its issued notes. The "faith and credit" of the State of South Carolina was pledged to back this bank. Dr. Lesesne's account of this bank is interesting reading to both collector of paper money and historical students. Few banks have such detailed accounts of their life as the Bank of the State of South Carolina. The book is annotated and has a wonderful bibliography. If you only read one bank history, and should read this one as it will interest both South Carolinians and non-Carolinians alike. It is just an excellent story of a very important bank. PENNELL PUBLISHING COMPANY P.O. Drawer 858 Anderson, South Carolina 29622 *S.C. residents add 4% S.C. sales tax.