Paper Money - Vol. XXXVIII, No. 2 - Whole No. 200 - March - April 1999

_PE AEY MARCH/APRIL 1999VOL. XXXVIII, No. 2 WHOLE No. 200 INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Elisha Kane and The White Bear ... Official Journal of the Society of Paper Money Collectors Will You Do What Most Experienced Collectors Have Done When It's Time To Sell? You've enjoyed collecting paper money for years, and now you are seriously thinking about selling. You could grade, price and describe each item yourself, and publish costly newspaper ads. You could write your own fixed price list or catalogue, and mail it out to thousands of collectors. You might even attempt to accurately price each piece, and offer it wholesale to dealers, or you could do what most experienced collectors and dealers have done when faced with this difficult decision - consign your collection to an auction. Once you decide to sell at auction, you need to select the right auction company. While many factors should be taken into consideration, one question should always be ask - "where and when will my material be auctioned?". At R. M. Smythe and Company, we think there is only one correct answer - great collections of paper money should be auctioned at important paper money shows. If your collection was in our June 1998 Memphis International Paper Money Show Auction, or our September 1998 Strasburg Paper Money Show Auction, or our October 1997 St. Louis Paper Money Show Auction it might have been personally viewed by hundreds of the world's top paper money collectors and dealers. It would have been bid on by hundreds more through the mail. Just how many people do you think will see your notes if they're sold at an ordinary coin show? There are many other good reasons to consign to Smythe. We have a full-time staff of recognized experts in paper (Dr. Douglas B. Ball, Martin Gengerke, Kevin Foley, Stephen Goldsmith and Caleb Esterline). We care about our bidders and consignors, so we won't sell your lots at 3 AM in the morning, or during convention hours when dealers need to be at their tables. We'll illustrate every major item, using boxes or color to highlight your material where appropriate. On Federal note consignments we won't charge you for lotting, or photos, and our commission rates are flexible and highly competi- tive. Immediate cash advances are available, and no one pays faster than R. M. Smythe & Company. Why do leading collectors and dealers choose us? They know there are simply no substitutes for years of experience, thorough, professional research, world-class auction catalogues and unquestioned integrity. Take advantage of the hottest paper money market in years, and take advantage of our comprehensive schedule that includes America's best paper money shows. We are accepting consignments NOW for the following auctions: April 22, 1999. Autographs. New York City. Accepting consignments now. May 3, 1999. Coins and Paper Money. New York City. Accepting consignments now. June 17-20, 1999. Currency, Stocks and Bonds. The Memphis International Paper Money Show. Accepting consignments now. August 26-29, 1999. Coins. The Blue Ridge Show. Dalton, Georgia. Accepting consignments now. September 16-19, 1999. Currency, Stocks and Bonds. The Fourth Annual Strasburg Paper Money Show. Strasburg, Pennsylvania. Accepting consignments through August 25, 1999. October 1999. Currency, Stocks and Bonds. The St. Louis National and World Paper Money Convention. St. Louis, Missouri. Autumn 1999. Autographs. New York City. Accepting consignments now. NOW YOU CAN CONTACT ALL OF OUR SPECIALISTS TOLL FREE! Call Stephen Goldsmith, Douglas Ball, Martin Gengerke at 800-622-1880 or Kevin Foley at 877-270-1727. To check on the status of your subscription, ask for Marie Alberti. See Us At Over 40 Shows In 1999! We are planning to attend almost every major numismatic event. OCIETY OF PAPER MONEY COLLECTORS INC. 4;10.4601. Stephen Gokismitr# ivitavillEK Kevin Foley members 26 Broadway, Suite 271, New York, NY 10004-1701 • e-mail: info@rm-smythe.com Toll Free: 800-622-1880 • NYS: 212-943-1880 • Fax: 212-908-4047 • www.rm-smythe.com PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 33 PAPER MONEY is published every other month beginning in January by the Society of Paper Money Collectors (SPMC). Second-class postage is paid at Dover, DE 19901. Postmaster send address changes to Secretary Fred L. Reed P.O. Box 793941, Dallas, TX 75379-3941. © Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc., 1999. All rights reserved. Reproduction of any article, in whole or in part, without express written permis- sion, is prohibited. Individual copies of this issue of PAPER MONEY are available from the Secretary for $2.75 each plus $1 postage. Five or more copies will be sent postpaid. Send changes of address, inquiries concerning non-delivery of PAPER MONEY and requests for additional copies of this issue to the Secretary. MANUSCRIPTS Manuscripts not under consideration elsewhere and publications for review should be sent to the Editor. Accepted manuscripts will be published as soon as possible; however, publication in a spe- cific issue cannot be guaranteed. Opinions expressed by authors do not necessarily reflect those of the SPMC. Manuscripts should be typed (one side of paper only), double-spaced with at least 1-inch mar- gins. The author's name, address and telephone number should appear on the first page. Authors should retain a copy for their records. Authors are encouraged to submit a copy on a 37,-inch MAC or DOS disk, identified with the name and ver- sion of software used. A double-spaced printout must accompany the disk. ADVERTISING All advertising copy and correspondence should be sent to the Editor. To keep rates at a mini- mum, all advertising must be prepaid according to the schedule below. In exceptional cases where special artwork or additional production is required, the advertiser will be notified and billed accordingly. Rates are not commissionable; proofs are not supplied. Advertising Deadline: Copy must be received by the Editor no later than the first day of the month preceding the cover date of the issue (for exam- ple, February 1 for the March/April issue). With advance notice, camera-ready copy will be accepted up to three weeks later. ADVERTISING RATES Space 1 time 3 times 6 times Outside back cover $152 $420 $825 Inside cover 145 405 798 Full page 140 395 775 Half page 75 200 390 Quarter page 38 105 198 Eighth page 20 55 105 Requirements: Full page, 42 x 57 picas; half-page may be either vertical or horizontal in format. Single-column width, 20 picas. Page position may be requested, but cannot be guaranteed. Advertising copy shall be restricted to paper cur- rency and allied numismatic material and publi- cations, and related accessories. The SPMC does not guarantee advertisements, but accepts copy in good faith, reserving the right to reject objec- tionable material or edit copy. The SPMC assumes no financial responsibility for typographical errors in advertisements, but agrees to reprint that portion of an advertisement in which a typographical error should occur upon prompt notification of such error. Paper Morey Official Bimonthly Publication of The Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc. Vol. XXXVIII, No. 2 Whole No. 200 MAR./APR. 1999 ISSN 0031-1162 MARILYN REBACK, Editor, P.O. Box 1110, Monument, CO 80132 FEATURES The White Bear 35 by Ronald L. Horstman Some Women Who Made a Difference 38 by Gene Hessler Vacation and the Higgins Museum 43 by Bob Bolduc Walter Shirlaw: Paper Money Designer 45 by Glenn B. Smedley About Texas Mostly 48 by Frank Clark The Buck Starts Here 50 by Gene Hessler The Green Goods Game 56 conducted by Forrest Daniel Bank Happenings 57 submitted by Bob Cochran SOCIETY NEWS Information & Officers 34 The President's Column 52 by Bob Cochran Membership Application 52 SPMC News 53 New Members 58 Money Mart 61 Advertisers 64 ON THE COVER An engraving of a polar bear attack, inspired by Elisha Kane's writ- ings, sketches and lectures on his polar expedition, appears on sev- eral bank notes (page 35). IN THIS ISSUE 34 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY Society of Paper Money Collectors The Society of Paper Money Collectors (SPMC) was organized in 1961 and incorporated in 1964 as a non-profit organization under the laws of the District of Columbia. It is affiliated with the American Numismatic Association. The annual SPMC meeting is held in June at the Memphis IPMS (International Paper Money Show). MEMBERSHIP—REGULAR and LIFE. Applicants must be at least 18 years of age and of good moral charac- ter. Members of the ANA or other recognized numis- matic societies are eligible for membership; other applicants should be sponsored by an SPMC member or provide suitable references MEMBERSHIP—JUNIOR. Applicants for Junior mem- bership must be from 12 to 18 years of age and of good moral character. Their application must be signed by a parent or guardian. Junior membership numbers will be preceded by the letter "j," which will be removed upon notification to the secretary that the member has reached 18 years of age. Junior members are not eligible to hold office or vote. DUES—Annual dues are $24. Members in Canada and Mexico should add $5 to cover postage; mem- bers throughout the rest of the world add $10. Life membership payable in installments within one year—is $500, $600 for Canada and Mexico, and $700 elsewhere. Members who join the Society prior to October 1 receive the magazines already issued in the year in which they join. Members who join after October 1 will have their dues paid through December of the following year; they also receive, as a bonus, a copy of the magazine issued in November of the year in which they joined. OFFICERS PRESIDENT Robert Cochran, P.O. Box 1085, Florissant, MO 63031 VICE-PRESIDENT Frank Clark, P.O. Box 117060, Carrollton, TX 75011 SECRETARY Fred L. Reed III, P.O. Box 793941, Dallas, TX 75379-3941 TREASURER Mark Anderson, 335 Court St., Brooklyn, NY 11231 APPOI NTEES: EDITOR Marilyn Reback, P.O. Box 1110, Monument, CO 80132 CONTRIBUTING EDITOR Gene Hessler MEMBERSHIP DIRECTOR Frank Clark, P.O. Box 117060, Carrollton, TX 75011 WISMER BOOK PROJECT Steven K. Whitfield, 14092 W. 1 15th St., Olathe, KS 66062 LEGAL COUNSEL Robert J. Galiette, 3 Teal Ln., Essex, CT 06246 LIBRARIAN Roger H. Durand, P.O. Box 186, Rehoboth, MA 02769 PAST PRESIDENT Dean Oakes, Drawer 1456, Iowa City, IA 52240 1929-1935 OVERPRINTED NATIONAL CURRENCY PROJECT Robert Cochran, P.O. Box 1085, Florissant, MO 63031 BOARD OF GOVERNORS: C. John Ferreri, P.O. Box 33, Storrs, CT 06268 Milton R. Friedberg, 8803 Brecksville Rd. #7-203, Brecksville, OH 44141-1933 Gene Hessler, P.O. Box 31144, Cincinnati, OH 45231 Ron Horstman, 5010 Timber Ln., Gerald, MO 63037 Judith Murphy, P.O. Box 24056, Winston-Salem, NC 27114 Stephen Taylor, 70 West View Ave., Dover, DE 19901 Steven K. Whitfield, 14092 W. 115th St., Olathe, KS 66062 Wendell W. Wolka, P.O. Box 569, Dublin, OH 43017 BUYING AND SELLING CSA and Obsolete Notes CSA Bonds, Stocks & Financial Items 60-Page Catalog for $5.00 Refundable with Order ANA-LM SCNA PCDA CHARTER MBR HUGH SHULL P.O. Box 761, Camden, SC 29020 (803) 432-8500 FAX (803) 432-9958 SPMC LM 6 BRNA FUN PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 35 The White Bear BY RONALD L. HORSTMAN S NEWS OF MODERN SPACE EXPLORATION—including land- ings on the Moon and Mars and astronaut John Glen's return to ‘. space on the shuttle—attracts and holds the public's attention, so did the exploration of the far northern reaches of North America and the polar region fascinate the minds and hearts of Americans in the 1840s and '50s. The most notable of these expeditions were those of British explorer Sir John Franklin and the rescue parties sent after him. The 60-year-old Franklin set sail from England in May 1845 with 129 of the best seamen England could provide. After 3 years with no contact from him, the British Admiralty instituted a search. In 1850 Franklin's wife request- ed United States President Zachary Taylor assist the mission with American whaling ships. Having no vessels suited for work amid the Arctic ice, the United States was limited in its efforts until Henry Grinell, a wealthy New York merchant, purchased, refitted and strengthened two search ships. The government agreed to man them, and on May 22, 1850, the schooners Advance and Rescue set sail from New York under the leadership of Lieutenant Edwin De Haven. The De Haven team spent the winter icebound. They returned home, having found only a campsite that had been used by Franklin's party—and three graves. In May 1853, a second expedition sailed from New York on the Advance under the direction of Dr. Elisha Kent Kane. The Advance became icebound in the winter of 1854-55 and was crushed. The crew aban- doned the ship and headed home via an overland route. After 2 years with no news of Kane or his crew, Kane's family per- suaded Congress to authorize a third search using much larger ships. The 327-ton clip- per Release and the 558-ton propeller steamer Arctic sailed from New York in May 1855. Members of the Kane expedition finally were located at Godhawn Harbor in Greenland and returned home to a hero's welcome despite having failed to find Franklin and his party. In 1859 the skeletal remains of Franklin and some members of his crew were found on King William Island. In the ensuing years, the remains of the rest of the party were located. As recently as 1983, the body of John Torrington, the first of Franklin's men to perish, was exhumed. Examination indicated high levels of lead in the tissue, probably the result of eating food preserved in poorly soldered tin cans. Lead poisoning also could have caused irrational behavior and decisions leading to the death of Franklin and his men. John Franklin 36 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY Upon his return to the United States, Kane traveled throughout the country speaking of his expedition and the scientific information it obtained. In 1857, shortly before his death, Kane wrote a personal narrative of his search for Sir John Franklin, including many sketches he had made of his journey. Many engravings evolved from Kane's writings, lectures and sketches of the polar expedition. Some were adapted from Kane's actual sketches; some were the product of the engravers' imaginations. Two of these engravings are known to have been used on bank notes. The first of these shows men and dogs with a boat. The vignette, dated 1856, was described by Gwynne & Day in The Descriptive Register of Genuine Bank Notes as "Dr. Kane and his party in the Arctic Region." It appeared on notes pre- pared by Toppan, Carpenter & Co. of New York. (For more information about this vignette, see my 1982 article "Kane's Arctic Expedition" in the 100th issue of Paper Money.) In 1860 the second vignette appeared on notes of the American Bank Note Company. Executed by DeWitt Clinton Hay and titled "The White Bear," the engraving depicts men in a boat, being attacked by a polar bear. While none of Kane's writings describe such an event, it could very well have occurred. The polar bear's main diet consists of ringed seals, but it can survive on incidental calories—including humans— whether the source be live or dead. These creatures can swim at least 2 1 /2 miles per hour in the icy water and have been observed hundreds of miles offshore. A dominant male polar bear can weigh as much as 1,600 pounds and reach a height of 8 feet standing upright. Being the largest carni- vore on land, larger even than the grizzly bear, this animal evokes fear and fas- cination, making the notes that "bear" its image highly desirable. v The White Bear American Bank Note Co. $1 note of the Bank of Germantown in the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dated Jan. 15, 1862. St. Stephens Bank $1 dated October 1, 1872, of the Province of New Brunswick, Canada. 0,1n1., STEPEEENS BANK _C2; If 74:3. 7 1-S47...a Remainder note of the Continental Bank of Boston, Massachusetts, with John Hancock at lower right. 1d ID- 417 1_43747 xN.L04 777 41 L.C.0777 VgNTINENT.Alk BANK err ^ ;IP :<4 /,,„; „u„, >,,, graomordl r d3., 1 21It rIlld71:3111.1.11117ALE4271044.1770177,71711,17477,7 ,7,1, PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 37 References The Descriptive Register of Genuine Bank Notes. New York: Gwynne & Day, Bankers, 1862. Horstman, R. "Kane's Arctic Expedition." Paper Money (100) July-August 1982, pp. 163-65. Kane, E.K., M.D., U.S.N. The United States Grind'. Expedition in Search of Sir John Franklin. New York, 1857. The portrait of Angelica Kauff- mann (1741-1807) on this Austrian 100-schilling note (P144 & 146) was engraved in 1968 by Alfred Nefe. HUNDERT SCHILLING OESTERREICHISCHE NATIONALBANK r-444-- GENERALDIREKTok ANGE,ACAUFFNANN 38 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY 0 In-' WhoWomen„, •de a Difference BY GENE HESSLER ITH THE EXCEPTION OF SUSAN B. ANTHONY AND some idealized female images on 20th-century United States coins, most living Americans have seen only the likenesses of men on our coins. And, with the exception of allegorical representations of America, justice, Liberty, etc., Martha Washington (on the $1 1886, 1891 and 1896 silver certificates) and Pocahontas (a small likeness on the $10 U.S. notes, Series 1869-1878 and the back of the $20 first charter National Bank note) are the only women recognized on U.S. federal paper money. Female monarchs excluded, a similar pattern prevails in most countries; but this pattern is slowly changing as some deserving women receive recognition. In 970 a woman illuminated and signed a Spanish Apocalypse manuscript. The anonymous credit on this manuscript in Gerona Cathedral translates "paintress [probably Ende] and helper of God and Brother Emeriterius Presbyter" (Harris 17). As early as 1339, women painters were known in Florence, although little is written about them. Honorata Rodiana (d. 1472) was the first fresco painter to work in Cremona. In 1546 Francesco da Sangallo stated "you must know how many women there are in Flanders and in France and even in Italy who paint in such a way that in Italy their pictures are held in high esteem" (Harris 13). Christine de Pisan (ca. 1405) writes of one Anastaise who could not be sur- passed "in painting the borders of manuscripts and the backgrounds of stories" (Harris 17). The earliest recorded women artists of consequence are Levina Teerlinc (ca. 1520-76) from Flanders, Catarina van Hemessen of Antwerp (1528-after 1587) and Safonisha Anguissala (ca. 1535-1625), who studied with PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 Bernardo Campi in Italy. The Anonymous Four—a female vocal group currently performing as the Anonymous Three—specializes in singing the compositions of little-known female composers from as early as the 12th century. One of these composers was Hildegarde of Bingen (1098-1179), writer, mystic and abbess of Ruperts- berg. Sixteenth-century composer and singer Barbara Strozzi performed her own compositions, and Francesca Caccini (1587-1640), who was at the court of the Medicis, was the first female to compose the precursor to what we know today as opera. We can only wonder about the number of women who made contributions in all fields but went unrecognized, since their male superiors and supervisors accepted all the credit. More than two dozen women who made a difference by their contributions—Nobel prize recipients among them—have been honored on bank notes from countries other than the United States. A few of their names will be familiar, others not. Germany leads the way with the acknowl- edgment of five women. PART I: ARTISTS Angelica Kauffinann THE PORTRAIT OF THE BEAUTIFUL LADY WITH THE SAD EYES on an Austrian 100-schilling note is Angelica Kauffinann (1741-1807). (Even though the family name was "Kauffinann," throughout her life Angelica spelled her name with one "n.") Although she was born in Coir, Switzerland, Austria adopted her. She had linguistic and musical talents, and a career as an opera singer was considered, but she was destined to be an artist. Her artist-father, Joseph Johann Kauffmann, was her first teacher. With her parents, Angelica traveled to some of Europe's art capitals. Her father roamed the Continent in search of commissions. In Milan the teenager copied the work of other artists, as many students do. Her work came to the attention of the duchess of Modena, who sat for a portrait. Angelica was pro- vided with a private room in Milan's famous Uffizi Gallery, where she could paint undisturbed. Recognizing his daughter's extraordinary talent, J.J. Kauffmann would soon withdraw from his profession to manage the affairs of the prodigy. After a visit to Rome, where she was elected to the prestigious Accadamia de San Luca, Angelica went to London in 1766 and met Sir Joshua Reynolds and Benjamin West. Angelica wanted to marry Reynolds, however, he was a confirmed bach- elor. Each painted the other's portrait. In London the Swiss miss became extremely popular, painting members of the British royal family, including King George III. Angelica was one of the founding members of the Royal Academy of Art, one of only two women to claim that honor; she painted four ceiling murals for the Academy. An unfortunate and unhappy marriage to a man named Brandt, who claimed to be a count, propelled the artist even deeper into her work. When the counterfeit count died 14 years later, Angelica married Antonio Zucchi, an interior decorative artist who probably spent more time managing his wife's affairs. When her father died in 1781, Angelica and her husband went to Ven- ice. From 1781 to 1796, Angelica kept a record of her commissioned portraits. Angelica and her husband traveled to the Tyrol then returned to Rome, where she remained for the rest of her life. In 1787 she was the most famous living painter in that city, and men and women of the arts were drawn to her villa to converse with her. After 1795 conditions in Europe prevented many famous people from traveling to Rome to sit for her. With Napoleon on the move, international payments were difficult to arrange. However, at this time 39 oPnt ',anew No ISS9 s9,3 so; FOW4§ Franken MLA SVIZRA Tschuncanta Francs cri 40 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY in her life, Angelica was content to paint what and when she wanted. The famous German writer Goethe dedicated his novel Egmont to "Frau Kauffman." After her death in 1807, two novels were based on her life: Angelica Kauffmann, by L. De Wally; and Miss Angel, by Mrs. R. Ritchie. Angelica's paintings are found throughout Europe as well as in America, and she received awards and medals from European courts for her work. She painted at least 12 self portraits. The earliest, done when she was about 13, resides in the Tit-Oler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum in Innsbruck. Others can be found in the Uffizi Gallery; the Saltram House (Plymton, Devonshire); Kenwood House, London; National Portrait Gallery, London; Nostell Priory, Yorkshire; the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts; and the Midland County Historical Association, Midland, Michigan. A bust of the artist is housed in the Pantheon in Rome. In 1802 James Barry praised her Self-Portrait Hesitating between Painting and Music in the Nostell Priory: "Some may say that this is great, since it was exe- cuted by a female; but I say, that whoever produced such a picture in whatever country, it is great, it is noble, it is sublime" (Harris 176). Sophie Taeuber-Arp THE CURRENT Swiss 50-FRANC NOTE BEARS A COMPUTER-GENERATED portrait of Sophie Taeuber-Arp (1889-1943). Sophie studied textile design at schools of applied arts in Saint Gallen and Hamburg. From 1916 to 1929, she was professor of textile design and techniques at the School of Applied Arts in Zurich. Like Paul Klee, she was able to work simultaneously with abstract and representational means (Lanchner 9). A 1981 exhibit of her work at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City included the painted wooden Dada Head that is seen on the back of the note. Speaking of her art, Sophie's artist-husband, Jean Arp, said "Sophie's work became a symbol for me of divine 'creation,' which men in their vanity have demolished and soiled. [As part of their rebellion] Sophie Taeuber and I resolved never to use oil colors again" (Lanchner 10). They used cloth, embroidery and paper exclusively. If Mondrian was considered the "artist of the right angle," Taeuber could be considered "the artist of the circle" (Lanchner 13). Taeuber fled Paris when the Germans occupied the city in 1940; she died three years later in Zurich. In addition to two images of Sophie Taeuber-Arp, this Swiss 50-franc note (P188) is replete with a braille symbol and security devices: face- to-back registration, Kinegram®, latent image, security strip, micro- printing, watermark, IriodinO digit printed in transparent color visible only when the note is tilted, metal- lic digit, ultraviolet digit, optically variable ink (OVI), microtext, secu- rity thread, and squares that proba- bly serve as a type of bar code. The back of the note includes images from four of her paintings: Relief Rectangulaire (1936), Tete (1919), Aubette (1927) and Lignes Ouvertes (1939). PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 41 The silhouette of artist Ivana Kolbilca on the Banka Slovenije 5,000 tolarjev (P18) consists of repetitive microprinting of BS5000BS5000 ... The note also features two small images of painter's palettes and, at upper left, braille symbols. The back includes an engrav- ing of the Ljubljani National Gallery. Ivana Kobilca IVANA KOBILCA LEARNED TO DRAW BY COPYING THE WORKS of the old masters in Vienna. Her portrait appears on a Slovenia 5,000 tolarjev. Born in Ljubljana, Slovenia, on December 20, 1861, Ivana studied in Munich for seven years with A. Edtelt. Encouraged by F. Von Ude, she sent her works Summer and Ironing Women to the Paris Salon in 1891 and was named an asso- ciate by the State Art Association. Between 1891 and 1894, Ivana lived and painted in Paris and visited Florence. She became a member of the Sarajevo Painter's Club during her years in that city, 1897-1905. There, she completed three church murals and contributed illustrations to Die Oesterreichisch - Ungarische Monarchie in Wort and BiM. In 1903 Ivana completed Slovenia Bows to Ljubljana in the Ljubljana City Hall. Although she is Slovenia's leading painter, her most important con- tributions were created while living outside her homeland. Works from Ivana's Munich period show dark, muted tones, however, from about 1889 her colors became brighter, for example, The Holandese Girl, The Tzitar Player and The Coffee Drinker. Her Parisian period is characterized by blue hues, for example, The Parisian Greengrocer and one of Slovenia's most beautiful paintings, Children in the Grass. Ivana illustrated the Poems of S. jenko in 1896. In addition to some self por- traits and a painting of her sister Fani, Ivana portrayed a number of famous personalities, including J. Stare (1890), J.J. Strossmayer (1899), Ani and 0. Zupancic (1917 and 1922) and I. Hribar (1920-26). The latter was one of her last paintings; Ivana Kobilca died on December 4, 1926. Maria Sibylla Merian "NOT ONLY WAS SHE SKILLED IN WATERCOLOR AND OILS, in painting textiles and engraving copper plates; not only could she render flowers, plants, and insects with perfect naturalness; but she also was a knowing observer of the habits of caterpillars, flies, spiders, and other such creatures. [She was a] virtu- ous woman and a fine housekeeper [insects notwithstanding]" (Davis 140). Maria Sibylla Merian was born in 1647 in Frankfurt am Main. Her father, engraver Mathias Merian the Elder, died when she was 3 years old. Her moth- er, Johanna Sibylla Heim, then married Jacob Marrel (an engraver and painter). Maria's half-brothers also engraved and painted. In addition, she studied with painter Joachim Sandart. 42 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY This likeness of Maria Sibylla Merian is based on a painting after a drawing by her son- in-law. The back of a German 500-mark note (P50) shows one of her drawings. It was common for 17th-century women to collect butterflies, and some painted them. Maria did both, however, as she observed, painted and wrote, she crossed the boundaries of education and gender to acquire learning. Later in life, Maria would say, "From my youth onward I have been concerned with the study of insects, I began with silkworms in my native city, Frankfurt am Main; and I observed the far more beauti- ful butterflies and moths that developed from other kinds of caterpillars. This led me to collect all the cater- pillars I could find in order to study their metamor- phoses ... and to work at my painter's art so that I could sketch them from life and represent them in lifelike col- ors" (Davis 144). In 1665 she married Johann Andreas Graff, who had come from Nuremberg to study with her father. The couple moved to Nuremberg; daughters Johanna Helena and Dorthea Maria were born in 1668 and 1678. As a result of improved magnification, Maria's illus- trated 1679 and 1683 books of plants and caterpillars were different from those of other illustrators. In the preface to the 1679 publication, she wrote, "These won- drous transformations have happened so many times that one is full of praise of God's mysterious power and his wonderful attention to such insignificant little crea- tures and unworthy flying things ... Thus I am moved to present God's miracles such as these to the world in a little book. But do not praise and honor me for it; praise God alone, glorifying Him as the creator of even the smallest and most insignificant of these worms" (Davis 156). In 1685 Maria and her two daughters left her hus- band to join a religious community that followed the teachings of Jean de Labadie. Six years later, she left the confining community and moved to Amsterdam. Her older daughter married Hendrik Herold, who left with them. Excited by reports of and specimens of flora and fauna from other countries, especially the Dutch colony of Suriname, Maria sold everything and with her younger daughter sailed to Suriname by way of America in 1699. In a will she made before leaving, Maria called herself Maria Sibylla Merian, the widow of Johann Andreas Graff, "even though Graff was alive and mar- ried in Nuremberg" (Davis 166). In Suriname Maria and Johanna Helena traveled into the interior to observe and study. Natives and slaves brought exotic specimens to their home; everything was sketched from life. In this hostile climate, Maria once said the buzzing of insects never stopped. "When I painted [they] flew before my eyes and hummed around my head" (Davis 177). Many of the specimens were preserved in brandy. On June 18, 1701, Maria, her daughter and her Indianin, an Arawak Indian woman, sailed back to Amsterdam. The inhos- pitable climate was too much to bear. At age 62, still active, Maria gained the title "Juffrouw Merian" (Mistress Merian), a title of honor for an independent woman. Having achieved consider- able recognition in her field, Maria died in 1717. continued in next issue v References A complete list of sources will appear at the end of this series. Bruce, Colin R., and George S. Cuhaj. (eds.). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, Vol. 3. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1997. Davis, N.Z. Women on the Margins: Three Seventeenth- Centuiy Lives. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995. Harris, AS., and L. Nochlin. Women Artists: 1550-1950. New York: Los Angeles County Museum of Art and Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1976. Lanchner, C. Sophie Taeziber-Arp. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1981. My thanks to W.R. Harmon and Prof. Grabnar for bio- graphical material on lvana Kobilca. The Higgins Museum in Okoboji, Iowa, named for and maintained in memory of collector William R. Higgins Jr., preserves and displays notes and artifacts of the National Bank system. PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 43 Vacation and Higgins Museum BY BOB BOLDUC HAVE BEEN COLLECTING NATIONAL BANK • NOTES SINCE 1988, with my main focus on Washington, D.C., issues. At first all I wanted to do was buy all the different Washington specimens I could find. I did do that for awhile, but soon became hooked on the idea of learning more about the banks and the people who operated them. I gathered as many historical books on the topic as I could find, but I was getting very little information for all the work I was doing. Through articles in Bank Note Reporter, I heard about the Higgins Museum in Okoboji, Iowa. I read in a brochure that the museum has a big display of Iowa material and a research library that was available by appointment. All this sounded great, but my first question was ... Where is Okoboji? The answer came from AAA (American Automobile Associaton). I felt a bit better when the AAA representa- tive pointed out Okobji on a map. I decided to go for it. I was surprised to find out it would be a 1,200-mile drive from my home town of Columbia, Maryland. But because I do a lot of flying for my job, I wanted to drive to Iowa so I could see a bit more of the country at my own pace. First thing I did was call the museum and speak to the curator, Merry Coleman. Merry was very helpful and provided me with local information, including a list of hotels in the area. More important, she confirmed that the museum would be open after Labor Day (the second year the "sea- son" has been extended). I worked out my dates and times in the library and was looking forward to my trip. Knowing what information I needed, but not knowing if the research library would really hold the answers was a chance I would to have to take. Would my long drive be worthwhile? Only one way to find out—start driving. The museum is closed on Mondays, so I planned to arrive at the hotel on Monday afternoon and be at the museum on Tuesday morning when it opened. I start- ed my drive the Saturday before Labor Day. Taking my time, I drove about 600 miles on Saturday, 400 miles on Sunday, and the last 200 miles on Monday. Tuesday morning arrived, and I awoke early, antici- pating my adventure. Unfortunately, the museum doesn't open till 11 o'clock. So I walked around the area and visited the lake, post office and store. The local peo- ple were more than friendly, with almost everyone say- ing "Good Morning," asking me where I was from, and in general holding a friendly conversation. The time finally arrived, and the doors of the muse- um were opened. I was warmly greeted at the door and shown the museum layout. Around the lobby are four large rooms, with Iowa, Missouri and Minnesota Nationals hanging on the walls. The notes in these rooms are listed by county, so when I wanted to find notes from the city of Chelsea, Iowa, I went back to Merry for help. She looked up the town on her com- puter, then took me directly to the room and case that held it. I walked through all four rooms, even though I don't know much about notes from these states. I was just in awe that such a collection exists. The collection is not complete, but it probably is as close as anyone has 44 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY The William R. Higgins, Jr. Foundation National Bank Note Museum and Library 107 Sanborn Avenue, Okoboji, IA 51355 • phone/fax 712-332-5859 1999 Hours: May 11-October 3, Tuesday-Sunday, 11 a.m.-5:30 p.m. The Higgins Museum showcases the collections of William R. Higgins Jr., who grew up in Clay and Dickinson Counties in Iowa and served as mayor of Okoboji for 14 years. A collector from his early youth, Higgins collected crowns, National Bank notes, post cards and numismatic research material. Higgins died in 1991, and today the Higgins Foundation maintains and operates the museum to memorialize his achievements and to inform and entertain the public in the realm of paper money collecting. come. Indicators are placed where a large or small note is needed from a particular bank. I learned the Higgins Museum does purchase notes for the collection if the need and price are right. I actually spent more time in the lobby area, where exhibits show the note types during the different charter periods, a group of Red Seal notes from most states, and a section titled "Interesting Notes." Included in the lat- ter was a charter number 1 note, notes from the highest- numbered chartered bank, notes with the same presi- dent and cashier signatures, and other great items. They also have a section with a few notes from all 50 states, some territories and even Puerto Rico. Seeing notes from my own area of Maryland and Washington, D.C., was fun, but this was not the highlight of my trip. That afternoon I was introduced to the library. Books, books ... books everywhere. The Higgins Museum bought the Chase collection of books and makes them available to researchers. Not all the books are in a logical order, but that's one of the projects Merry and her staff are working on. She set me loose in the room and told me to make myself at home. I began looking at some old auction catalogs. I was quite sur- prised to see some of the notes I currently own in some old auction catalogs. What was more of a surprise were the prices some of them sold for—if I had only been col- lecting back then, had the money, etc. After a few hours of looking through auction catalogs, I knew what I really wanted would not be found there. I wanted to compile a list of presidents and cashiers from all the Washington, D.C., banks, along with a few other special cities I collect. I located the Comptroller of Currency books—one for almost every year of the note- issuing period. These books had what I was looking for, along with a lot of other details concerning the banks' financial status. This is a time-consuming project. When I first start- ed digging into the books, it took me awhile simply to find the state I wanted. It turns out the book from the early years do not present the states in alphabetical order. As best I could figure, they were in order by geo- graphical location, starting with Maine and working south. As the country grew, I guess someone wised up, because eventually they are listed alphabetically. The feelings I got going through these books were quite awakening. One of the first things I noticed was the books got thicker as the years went on, indicating the growth of the country, or better yet, the growing number of national banks. The other thing I found interesting was that most of these books had library cards in the back to be checked out of the Chase Library. Most were last checked out in the 1930s and probably not opened again until they arrived at the Higgins Museum. I spent the better part of three days going through all this information. I stopped only because I was getting tired and my vacation was nearing an end. There were many other books in the library that I just did not have the time to look at or were not in my area of interest. For example, if you enjoy Iowa banking history, this place is for you. Other books deal with bank histories from around the country—I even found two books on Washington, D.C. Merry and her staff did everything they could to make me feel welcome. Anything I needed was supplied, any question I asked was answered. There was no admission fee and no pressure to make a donation. I gladly wrote a check at the end of my visit to help support the continued growth of this museum. My biggest regret—and Merry told me she hears it all the time—is that it is not closer to home. I'm not sure when I will return, but I definitely will. If you collect National Bank notes, you must take the time to check out the Higgins Museum. You won't be disappointed. PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 45 Paper oney Desig Walter Shirlaw. BY GLENN B. SMEDLEY CERTA C ERTAINLY ONE OF THE ATTRACTIONS PAPER MONEY HOLDSI LY the collector is the work that artists—many of them eminent— have recorded thereon. Perhaps no other commercial commodity has had so much artistic talent lavished on its production. But, with few exceptions, even the most ardent collectors of paper money do not know the identity of those responsible for the beautiful specimens in their albums. True, most paper money bears the imprint of the company that produced it; and the production process has much to do with the appearance of a note. Even a beautiful design can be poorly executed. And a few engravers have left identifications on their work, or we learn of them through specimens (usually proofs) preserved by the engraver himself. However, with relatively few excep- tions, the engraver's skill was his ability to catch the original artist's meaning and translate a painting or sketch to the steel plate. The subject of this article, Wal- ter Shirlaw, was one of those who supplemented his income from pure art work by doing bank note designs. Like many artists who did commercial work for the same rea- son, he considered that note design- ing was abasing; consequently, we find little reference to it in the records of his work. Walter Shirlaw was born on August 6, 1838, in Paisley, Scotland, where his father was a maker of fine hand looms for weaving Paisley shawls. The family moved to New York City when Walter was only 3 years old, and here he apprenticed himself to a bank note company at the age of 12. We are told that he did designing and engraving for five years to gain experience, while attending evening school and art classes. His first exhibit at the New York Academy of Design was in 1861. Again in 1865, he turned to bank note work, this time with the Western Bank Note & Engraving Company in Chicago, to earn enough money to educate himself abroad. During his five-year sojourn with Western, The Art Institute of Chicago was conceived, and he was Center vignette, "Agriculture and Forestry," designed by Shirlaw for a $10 silver certifi- cate, Series of 1896. March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY46 Specimen note of the Bank of Hamilton, Canada, 1st June, 1892, by Western Bank Note Co. Vignette at left by Shirlaw. ' See "U.S. Silver Certificates, Series of 1 896," by Thomas F. Morris, ANA No. 4019, in The Numismatist, June 1934. In addition to this and other help from T.F.M., we acknowledge our indebtedness to and thank H.J. Holtzclaw, Director of the Bureau of Engraving and Print- ing; D.O. Barrett, Curator Emeritus of PhilaMatic Center at Boys Town; Dr. Julian Blanchard, President of The Essay-Proof Society; and our good friend Louis A. Steurer, Chicago engraver. active in its founding. In 1870 he started for Paris, but finding it under siege by the German army, he turned to Munich, where he studied under Wagner, Ramburgh and Kaulbach. Upon returning to America, he settled in New York, where he lived and worked except during trips abroad. He died during his second journey to Spain the day after Christmas, 1909. He was a National Academician and a founder and first president of the Water-Color-Etching and Mural Painters' Society. Medals came to him from six cities, plus an honorable men- tion from Paris. He is represented in a half dozen of the country's museums of art and in the Library of Congress. A catalog of a memorial collection of Shirlaw's works, which was exhibited in the Art Institute of Chicago in January 1911, lists 66 paintings in oil, 53 water colors, and many pastels and drawings; yet some of his best works were not included. As previously stated, examples of his more commercial works, and informa- tion relative to them, are quite scant. The Ceiling Magazine of November 1893 has an article written and illustrated by Walter Shirlaw. Under the title "Artists' Adventures; The Rush to Death," it relates an incident that Shirlaw witnessed in 1890 on a mission to the Cheyenne Indian Reservation on Tongue River, Montana. In a later issue of the same magazine, we find an illustration of the interior "Dome of the Manufacturers and Liberal Arts Building" at the World's Columbian Exposition "Painted by Walter Shirlaw." There is also an illustration captioned "Pearl' by Walter Shirlaw," which is an enlargement of one of the four figures in the foregoing illustration. Perhaps not exactly commercial work, but fittingly mentioned here, are eight female figures, each about 7'/2 feet high, that adorn part of the vault of the West Corridor of the Library of Congress. Shirlaw designed each figure to represent one of the sciences: Archaeology, Astronomy, Botany, Chemistry, Geology, Mathematics, Physics and Zoology. The observer will notice that as is typical of most of his female representations, these evince vigor and vitality to a marked degree. With the foregoing as a prelude to what he would have considered the least of his accomplishments, we turn to his work in the bank note and financial paper field. The author's collection includes one bank note, a proof $5 of the Bank of Hamilton, Ontario, which was produced by the Western Bank Note Company and uses a Shirlaw vignette on its left end. The identical vignette appears on the proof of a first mortgage gold bond of the Pittsburgh Pure Beer Brewing Company, and in this case it includes the typical signature "W. Shirlaw" that is found on his purely art works. We have a die proof of this vignette, also bearing the signature. Another bank note engraving signed by Shirlaw is represented by a die proof and was used, with the signature, on the stock certificate of the World's Columbian Exposition. With a minor alteration, the central figure of it was used on a $1,000 debenture bond of the Chicago Edison Company. We have two other die proofs that bear Shirlaw's signature as designer, one being a group of three females called "Architecture, Commerce & Mechanics" and bearing the imprint "Copyright, 1897, by the Western Bank Note Co., Chicago." It was engraved by Charles Schlecht. The other bears the imprint of International Bank Note Company; the monogram initials "WS" indicate that Shirlaw designed it, and another monogram of "LJH" is that of engraver "Self Portrait" of Walter Shirlaw ART INSTITUTE OF CHICAGO Die proof of a bank note style vignette, signed "W. Shirlaw." Used on World's Columbian Exposition stock certificate. PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 47 Lorenzo J. Hatch. This proof is entitled "Electra," but is actually an engraving of Shirlaw's "Physics" in the Library of Congress. Several other engravings are credited to drawings by Shirlaw in the record kept by that prolific engraver G.F.C. Smillie of his work. The central figure of one very well-known piece of United States paper money came from the brush of Walter Shirlaw after he had left the bank note companies. According to Thomas F. Morris,' it was the recommendation of Claude M. Johnson, Chief of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing under the Cleveland Administration, that a new series of notes (1896 Silver Certificates) be issued with designs of artistic excellence. The father of Thomas F. Morris, whose name was the same and whom we shall refer to as Thomas F. Morris, Sr., was employed as Chief of the Engraving Division at the Bureau, and sever- al recognized artists were called upon to submit designs for the series of notes. This was in the early part of 1894. In the end, Will Low made the principal design for the face of the $1, enti- tled "History Instructing Youth." The design on the $2 certificate was the work of Edwin Blashfield and shows "Science Presenting Steam and Electricity to Commerce and Manufacturing." Walter Shirlaw created the dynamic design that we know so well on the $5 certificate of the series. Engravings were made of these designs by Charles Schlecht ($1 note) and G.F.C. Smillie ($2 and $5 notes), with border designs and lettering engraved by several other Bureau men. Thomas F. Morris, Sr., was responsible for designing the backs, and for working out many details of the plates. He did not consider Shirlaw's original design to be in proper bank note style; accordingly he made alterations such that the final die retained Shirlaw's central design portraying Electricity as the dominant force, only. It had been the original intention to carry the 1896 series of silver certifi- cates on to $10, $20 and $50 denominations, and it is the loss of numismatists of today that this was never done. However, Walter Shirlaw did complete the central design for the face of a $10 certificate, and it was engraved by Charles Schlecht as die No. 4166. The diaries of Thomas F. Morris, Sr., indicate that design for the back of this note was completed, but we have no evidence that it progressed beyond the model stage. Although never used on a note, die No. 4166 was used on the plate for printing the $1,000 Coupon Bond, series of 1898. The illustration herewith is from a Bureau photograph, with everything surrounding the central design blocked out. In accordance with a Treasury Department ruling, the illustration is one and a half times the size of the origi- nal engraving. The title of the design, "Agriculture and Forestry" is shown in the base on which the principal figures stand. As already mentioned, almost all of the figures of men and women that Walter Shirlaw produced have one common characteristic—vigor. With few exceptions, his females have one or both arms raised, as will be noted in the illustrations included here. We wanted a photograph of his original design for the $10 silver certificate, which hangs in the Bureau (as do the original designs of the $1, $2 and $5 certificates of 1896), but age has taken its toll, so that a clear picture of it is out of the question. We did notice that the engraver copied faithfully except for discreet arranging of the drapes on "Agriculture" so that less of her torso is revealed. v Reprinted with permission from the August 1962 issue of The Numismatist, official journal of the American Numismatic Association, 818 N. Cascade Ave., Colorado Springs, CO 80903. r■ -■ own urrNma, sm.,: oir,I. ..11 1 . ' . '' tly '11.1,StalINITHIIIIEIIIESSIIICI;7„ 1 1 1 11 yfittij7-- #1,1. I 1ft 9829' 1 , .”., ,w_..,1 f4..1.4', .7',/,- (;4,4.,. . — ., . . ..., -0 gri&U-UOtti ' 41 ..., & ttiNVI:A„.... . , c7====,--46=----;.— -- ' I 71410Aliwtholguriwirjo. , ti.tli -"' J ..littcal4414 ,a 4.4AutagAlsw ' WAWA 41-.M; AV &.mt.it,,LiQW y_, :. / '44) / v ti ,..,). W2,00/''' " xr± C.: tS .• r. March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY48 National Bank Notes from Garland, Texas G ARLAND, TEXAS, IS A SUBURB OF DALLAS, locatedin the northeast corner of Dallas County. It is the sec- ond largest city in the county (after Dallas). Two National Banks chartered in the city issued National Bank notes, the Citizens National Bank of Garland and the National Bank of Garland. (A third National Bank in Garland chose not to issue notes.) The Citizens National Bank of Garland The Citizens National Bank of Garland received Charter number 7140 in February 1904; the capital of the bank was $50,000. The bank's motto, "Confidence Never Betrayed," incorporated its initials. As The Citizens National Bank, Charter 7140 issued Third Charter Series 1902 Red Seal, Date Back and Plain Back $5, $10 and $20 notes. On June 16, 1919, the institution's name was changed to the First National Bank of Garland. Under this new name, Charter 7140 continyed to issue Third Charter, Series 1902 Plain Back notes in denominations of $5, $10 and $20. The bank also issued Series 1929 type I notes in the same denomi- nation as its large-size ntoes. One of the biggest stories ever reported in the Garland News appeared in the April 2, 1927, edition, detailing the robbery of the First National Bank the previous day—April Fools' Day! A lone bandit walked into the bank, which was situated on the northeast corner of the town square. He jammed a gun into Cashier W.D. Jamison's ribs and demanded all the money. As Jamison obediently handed over nearly $50,000, the robber told the cashier that he wanted only the paper money, no coins. The robber locked Jamison, Mrs. Oscar Morrison and another man in the vault. He then left the bank, got into his car and drove westward out of town. J.F. Ford arrived at the bank shortly after the robber had fled. He became concerned because he could not locate any of the bank's employees, so he notified the police. In his attempt to flee Garland, the robber—R.R. Carter —overturned his vehicle. He later was arrested, tried and sentenced to life in prison. It is reported that he was paroled Notes isssed by Charter 7140 —The Citizens National Bank of Garland, and the First National Bank of Garland. MIALTIODOICAL111.1C11:71CICILIITIVIMIEiram-riii\ _724, THE STATE NATIONAL BANK OF • GARLAND 0 TEXAS al WILL PAY TO TN E BEARER ON DEMAND • TIVEN,ryntniAns F000033 A F000033A PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 49 Notes issued by Charter 7989, The State National Bank of Garland, Texas.Na upirney -.SECatIREMP alCi e UNIIII IIISTATIS.O:P:OROTHER' SEMMES' 7ek !UNITED STATES OFAMERICA stesEncmit.rx. ,-,,...„„ __., , 71X1P.: 1 .' `; .',0`,;:•'.QA4 .. ... '..)11AW1.% J r r".--...:,,..,-: ....i.....-..... ., -t,, :1111SCSaalaIMEN ( ' ) ho - 1 Ng, .40.A.RO" ;: ,.)-,?/. ammo ..., :i?•!.,=w%/Y.-•_ - . ,. . . fr8`--1*-= _ • . :•!•,,, . . ,, • ., .:.......... . ,--.----• , , . ,..---.-- some time later. The newspaper article also reported that several customers, enjoying an April Fools' Day joke, had walked into the bank and announced, "This is a bank robbery!" The bank officers had always taken these joking comments in a good-natured fashion—until it actually happened. The president of the bank, L.L. Caldwell, was at home eat- ing his lunch when the robbery occurred. He was notified of the robbery by phone, he also thought it was another April Fools' Day joke, and finished his lunch before returning to the bank. Imagine his shock when he found out the caller had been telling the truth! The First National Bank of Garland was placed in volun- tary liquidation on January 20, 1931, and was absorbed by The State National Bank of Garland. The total amount of circula- tion issued by Charter 7104 was $976,640. The amount out- standing when the bank was liquidated was $8,310 in Series 1902 notes, and $35,000 in Series 1929 notes. The National Bank of Garland The National Bank of Garland was issued Charter Number 7989 in November 1905. The operating capital was $50,000. This bank issued Third Charter Series 1902 Red Seal and Date Back notes in $5, $10 and $20 denominations. On January 23, 1913, the name of the bank was changed to The State National Bank of Garland. The bank issued notes with its second title as follows: Third Charter Series 1902 Date Bank and Plain Bank; and Series 1929 Type I and Type II notes. In both cases, the denominations were the same as before: $5, $10 and $20. As mentioned above, The State National Bank of Garland (Charter 7989) absorbed The First National Bank of Garland (Charter 7104) on January 20, 1931. The total amount of cir- culation issued by Charter 7989 was $2,016,690. At the end of the National Bank note-issuing period in July 1935, there was $2,650 in large-size notes and $93,750 in small-size notes out- standing. The former State National Bank of Garland building still stands, now the home of a sandwich shop. References Garland News. 25th Anniversary ed., 1912; June 20, 1919; June 7, 1929. Garland Daily News. Centennial ed., July 4, 1987. Hickman, John, and Dean Oakes. Standard Catalog of National Bank Notes. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1990. 50 A Primer for Collectors BY GENE HESSLER The Honorable Salmon P. Chase, Secretary of the Treasury ATTENTION! AUTHORS & ADVERTISERS Effective Immediately Address all articles, ads & correspondence to the new editor: Marilyn A. Reback P.O. Box 1110 Monument, CO 80132 A LL AMERICAN PAPER MONEY and, with few excep-tions, the paper money of other countries, carries a unique serial number that will serve as an identifying number if a note is stolen or lost. It's possible for two or more notes to have duplicate serial numbers; however, each note will have been issued by a different Federal Reserve Bank and therefore carry a specific identifying prefix letter, for example, "A" for Boston through "L" for San Francisco. Notes with serial number "1" are sought after by collectors and will command a premium when sold. But what about the very first note of any series and, specifically, the first $1 United States notes issued, in 1862? At least five or six number one notes are recorded for this series, and none of the serial numbers have a prefix or suffix letter. The numbering cylinder in operation in 1862 could not go beyond 99,999. At the time, subsequent notes were numbered beginning once again with number "1." However, each group of notes after the first also has Series 2, Series 3, etc. The highest series recorded by Martin Gengerke is Series 284. This would suggest that as many as 284 number one notes were issued, assuming that every series was issued with no gaps in between the series. A total of 29,351,438 notes were issued. The number one note with Series 1—or the veiy first note to be printed—has survived and now resides in the National March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY Numismatic Collection at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. This unique piece of history was presented to the Honorable Salmon P. Chase, Secretary of the Treasury in 1862; a portrait of Chase appears on the note. Some years later, Chase gave the piece to Horatio Beall, whose daughter sold it to George Blake in 1914. It later went into The Chase Manhattan Bank Money Museum Collection, which closed about 1975. The selection of Chase's portrait for this $1 note seems to have originated from the Secretary himself. A number of living government officials had their image glorified on paper money: Salmon P. Chase, Abraham Lincoln, William P. Fessenden, S.M. Clark and F.E. Spinner among them. (The Acts of April 7, 1866, Chap. XXVIII, Sec. 1, and March 3, 1873, Chap. CCLXVIII, Sec. 3576, would prohibit the images of living people to appear on any government security.) In 1862 Salmon P. Chase was looking ahead to the next presidential election; he had his eyes on the highest office in the land. As Secretary of the Treasury, Chase could have and probably did have something to say aobut whose portrait would be placed on the new $1 note. A portrait of President Lincoln would be on the $10 denomination, which would be appropriate for the President. Portraits of Alexander Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury, would be used on the $2 and $5 denominations. As a humble servant in the U.S. Treasury Department, Chase agreed to have his likeness put on the $1 note, the lowest denomination. But he knew that more $1 notes than $10 notes would pass through the hands of the people every day: a con- venient pre-campaign vehicle. In 1864 Lincoln nominated Chase for the Supreme Court; Chase accepted and forgot about his presidential aspirations. The debate over the legality of legal-tender (United States) notes continued into Chase's court term. As Chief Justice and as a dissenter, he was part of the 5-to-4 minority that voted against the legality of the legal-tender notes—one of which ironically displayed his own portrait. —Adapted with permission from COIN WORLD, 1994. RCESKPOSK:MMOSK 1 11 .1 a Za rrJ1Jaa fl t iiwalearRczavaRe. //i/", //, 44, ,e4;./ N929443 54Walitlit*M.trt'i4 13D1D r: /4' /V,/ /are 4e/r .44 4,1 //6/, 0, dr WejaiffaVaRZFIAW.Y'n:713,11% tkOfttrlir '- '0)01M0111,1ftt*Oggi D70990 ar \ Ern .32rmazzvv , P.4,22tiliaz 404001r400°004 i,/fr1 y /7 4' le, ./1;1' /11///1.11II 116.frANTIN,Eftl S Ell I E „„, •D70990 • SUPERB UNITED STATES CURRENCY FOR SALE SEND FOR FREE PRICE LIST BOOKS FOR SALE COMPREHENSIVE CATALOG OF U.S. PAPER MONEY by Gene Hessler. 6th Edition. Hard cover. 579 pages. The new Edition. $32.00 plus $3.00 postage. Total price $35.00. THE ENGRAVERS LINE by Gene Hessler. Hard cover. A complete history of the artists and engravers who designed U.S. Paper Money. $75.50 plus $3.50 postage. Total price $79.00. NATIONAL BANK NOTES by Don Kelly. The new 3rd Edition. Hard cover. Over 600 pages. The new expanded edition. Gives amounts issued and what is still outstanding. Retail price is $100.00. Special price is $65.00 plus $4.00 postage. Total price $69.00. U.S. ESSAY, PROOF AND SPECIMEN NOTES by Gene Hessler. Hard cover. Unissued designs and pictures of original drawings. $14.00 plus $2.00 postage. Total price $16.00. Stanley Moryez P.O. BOX 355, DEPT. M • ENGLEWOOD, Oil 45322 937-898-0114 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY52 The PRESIDEN Column By BOB COCHRAN I 'Al WRITING THIS ON FEBRUARY 19TH; later thismorning Sandy and I will be driving up to Chicago to attend the CPMX. It's been a couple of years since we were at this show, but it was a lot of fun the last time. There are a cou- ple of items in the Smythe and Knight auctions that I'm inter- ested in, so I'll be in the audience. I've just seen the January/February 1999 issue of Paper Money, Marilyn's first issue—AVOW, is it nice! Folks, we are fortunate that we were able to acquire the services of another gifted individual to serve as Editor of Paper Money—Barbara Mueller, Gene Hessler, now Marilyn Reback! Do YOU REALIZE YOU ARE NOW HOLDING IN YOUR HANDS THE 200TH ISSUE OF PAPER MONEY? What a wonderful accomplishment—not many "hobby" publications reach this milestone—and even fewer reach it while maintain- ing the quality that shows in each issue! To every SPMC mem- ber who has ever written an article, a sincere "Thank You" from your fellow members—We appreciate it! I know I sound like a broken record, but I hope all of you will take a moment and tell someone about our organization! There are many, many new paper enthusiasts out there: you'll see them in your local numismatic shops, club meetings or shows. Hey—take a few applications with you the next time you visit one of these places and spread the word! Don't have any applications? Copy the application below or contact Frank Clark—his address is listed on page 34! I promise you this year's SPMC Breakfast at the IPMS in Memphis will be something special—I'll be "out of office" after the show, so I will be making - a few "awards" of my own at the breakfast. Want to attend? Contact Judith Murphy or Wendell Wolka. Tickets are $8 each; and don't forget the famous Tom Bain Raffle! I leave you with the everlasting words of Bob Raby- "Wherever you go, there you are." And write an article for Paper Money! r - MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION SOCIETY OF PAPER MONEY COLLECTORS - Please check one: q Junior (ages 12-18) . . . $24* q Regular (18 & older) . . . . 24* q Life 500** * Residents of Canada and Mexico, please add $5 per year. Residents outside U.S., Canada and Mexico, please add $10 per year. * * Payment can be made in four installments, not to extend for more than 12 months from the original application. Send completed application, along with payment in U.S. funds, to Frank Clark, SPMC Membership Director, P.O. Box 117060, Carrollton, TX 75011 Name Address (P.O. Box or Street) City, State, Zip Code & Country Collecting Interests q Collector q Dealer q Both Do you wish to have your name & address published in the magazine as a new member, listing your collecting interests? q Yes q No Signature of Applicant Signature of Parent or Guardian (required for Junior applicants) L PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 53 SPMC NEWS SPMC the Recipient of a Wonderful Donation! At the recent CPMX show in Chicago, SPMC was the recipient of a wonderful donation from Lyn F. Knight of Lyn F. Knight Auctions, Inc. Lyn's recent show in Stamford, Connecticut, included an auction featuring material from SPMC member Frank Levitan's collection. Many of the notes sold for record prices, and the entire auction set many records. Lyn prepared and auctioned a unique hardbound edition of the sale catalog, and included it in the auction. He indi- cated that the proceeds from the sale of the very special catalog would be used for the betterment of the hobby. The special-edition catalog sold for over $7,000! Lyn F. Knight split the proceeds between the local numismatic organization in Connecticut, AND the Society of Paper Money Collectors! He completely surprised SPMC President Bob Cochran at the CPMX show by presenting the Society with a check for more than $3,500! SPMC and the paper money hobby owe a deep debt of gratitude to the gen- erous gentleman who purchased the unique catalog of the Levitan Collec- tion! On behalf of the nearly 2,000 members of SPMC, please accept our sincere thanks for this gift! Plans Are Shaping Up for a Great Memphis Show The 23rd International Paper Money Show in Memphis, Tennessee, is the annual event most attended by SPMC members. This year's show is scheduled for June 18 to 20 at the Cook Con- vention Center, 255 North Main Street. (For show information, contact Mike Crabb, P.O. Box 17871, Memphis, TN 38187, telephone 901/757-2515.) Judith Murphy reports that more than half of the 100 tickets available for the annual SPMC Breakfast have been sold. The Breakfast will begin at 7:30 a.m. on Friday, June 18. According to those who have attended this Society gathering, it is a lot of fun, with emcee Wendell Wolka (the "world's funniest man") keeping things lively. Claud Murphy has donated to the Tom Bain Raffle a very colorful Grover Criswell check written to and endorsed by Bain, originator and namesake of the raffle. Anyone having other items to donate should send them to Wendell Wolka, P.O. Box 569, Dublin, OH 43017. Breakfast tickets are $8 each; send a check payable to "SPMC" to Judith Murphy, Box 24056, Winston-Salem, NC 27114. Texas Numismatic Association to Host SPMC Meeting and Educational Programs The Texas Numismatic Association will hold its next convention on May 7-9 in Houston at the J.W. Marriott Hotel, 5150 Westheimer Road. On Saturday, May 8, at 2 p.m., Mike Fuljenz of Universal Coiins will speak on "Y2K Preparation and Coins." Also scheduled for Saturday, at 3 p.m., is a regional meeting of the SPMC, during which Benny Bolin will present a slide program on "Encased Postage Stamps." "Hard Cash and Hard Times" Exhibit on Display in North Carolina through May 31 The North Carolina Collection, an extensive collection of State literature, photographs and historic artifacts, has mounted a large exhibit of money used in North Carolina. The "Hard Cash & Hard Times" exhibit reviews the impact of money on the daily lives of our ances- tors and features coins and paper cur- rencies produced by or for North Caro- lina from the early 1700s until the beginning of the Federal Reserve system in 1913. Not until after the Civil War did our nation's monetary supply begin to cen- tralize and stabilize under the authority of the federal government. Prior to that time, North Carolina and other states had to rely largely on the uncertain paper moneys issued by their own public officials and by local banks, insurance companies, and other businesses. Even some private individuals produced cur- rency for the general public. Raphael Ellenbogen Raphael Ellenbogen, 74, formerly of New York City, died peacefully in Columbus, Ohio, on February 17, 1999. Loving husband of Florence. A former administrator at syn- agogues in New York, Raphael spent the last 10 years of his life in Columbus to be close to his son, Sanford, and family, Melissa, Joshua and Celia. His heart was filled with love for his son Marvin and family in Israel, including Wendy, Nancy, Leah and Yetta and great-grandson Yoel. Raphael was an accom- plished magician and an expert on Judaica, numismatics and syngraphics. A member of the SPMC Board, he will be greatly missed. In the 1830s and '40s—during the United States' first gold rush (in North Carolina, not California)—the Bechtler family of Rutherford County operated a private mint and made coins for the miners who were unearthing gold dust, ore, and nuggets worth millions of dol- lars. Later, the United States Mint opened a branch in Charlotte exclusively to produce gold coins, and a Charlotte gold type set is on display. More than 150 pieces of historic cur- rency are displayed, including an extraordinary set of 24 Bechtler coins donated to the University in 1979 by Herman Bernard of High Point. In addition to these gold coins and other "antique" money drawn from the North Carolina Collection's holdings, 17 speci- mens are borrowed from the North Carolina Museum of History in Raleigh. Displays of all of this currency are complemented by selections of related books, newspaper accounts, and other imprints from the North Carolina Collection. The exhibit, in the Wilson •••i'octil!" ..T I.14 •a ./..t1r.TFAIP.ATAZES snornowl,-r"'"`""""'i ' ' ;ram vmsTamorrxer.suraarrImmaic,r,....ir'"....&"ratirs."e41re:f:r tefitri,o60-14f01 4 EIRPIttergi.MV411•0101. Dn'14"yd Weaft x.4-12,,,,,. arriottrasrlarellev.Netrefitiit ' Tim Prusmack created this hand-drawn rendering of the back of a $100 National Gold Bank note of California originally produced in the 1870s. A look behind The doors of tbe most guarded organization in The unrkl. 54 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY Th'SPPliC NEWS Library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, runs through May 31 and is free and open to the pub- lic. The Gallery is open Mondays through Fridays, 9 a.m.-5p.m.; Satur- days, 9 a.m.-1 p.m.; and Sundays, 1-5 p.m. For more information, contact Laura Baxley, North Carolina Collec- tion Gallery, (919)962-1172 weekdays, lbaxley@ernail.unc.edu . SPMC Member Introduces Latest Money Work of Art Money artist and SPMC member Tim Prusmack unveiled his newest cre- ation—a hand-drawn rendering of the back of a $100 National Gold Bank note of California originally produced in the 1870s. Part of his series entitled "Money Masterpieces," the work took Prusmack nearly three months to complete. The uniface replicas, limited to a printing of 250, are individually num- bered and signed by the artist and priced at $25 each, plus $4 postage and handling. More information can be obtained from Ashby-Ferguson, Ltd., 4321 Gator Trace Dr., Ft. Pierce, FL 34982-6806; telephone 561/464-6.391; or fax 561/464-3461. Scottish Gent Seeks U.S. Bank Memorabilia You never know what will turn up in your mailbox. SPMC President Bob Cochran reports receiving a letter from an 86-year-old man in Scotland who is seeking "Bank, Building Society, or Credit Union Memorabilia" for his per- sonal collection. This gentleman indi- cated that, in response to his requests, he had received material from over 30 banks worldwide, but NOTHING from the United States! Perhaps we SPMCers can change that! He's seeking: "Money boxes with bank names ("bank banks"?); ashtrays, coasters, pens, pencils, rulers and key rings; banking histories, financial reports, letterheads and other stationery items; and names and addresses of banks and others who might be able to help him. Write to John A.B. Cormack, 11 Larch Court, Elgin, Morayshire IV30 4JD, Scotland. A Video Tour of the BEP Paper money collectors can enjoy a video tour of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing via Keys to the Treasuzy. Filmed more than 20 years ago in con- junction with the United States Bicentennial, the video was shown from the late 1970s to mid '80s to individuals and groups taking private tours of the Main Treasury Building in Washington, D.C. This new release marks the docu- mentary's first public availability since it was retired to government vaults more than 10 years ago. Distributed by Craven Entertainment of Hollywood, California, the 34- minute video takes viewers on a quick tour of the Treasury Building, then the San Francisco Mint Museum and the Philadelphia Mint. In the process, col- lectors will witness the production of bicentennial paper currency and coins. The VHS version of Keys to the Treas- zny is available for $12.95 (plus $4.95 for shipping and handling) from Craven Entertainment, P.O. Box 4012, Holly- wood, CA 90078; telephone 818/562- 1739; fax 818/562-3368; or E-mail mcraven@earthlink.net . Take a Paper Money Course at ANA Summer Seminar Several courses on paper money are among the offerings at the American Numismatic Association 31st Annual Summer Seminar, July 10-16, in Colo- rado Springs, Colorado. SPMC Libra- rian Roger H. Durand will instruct "Obsolete Bank Noes and Scrip," which covers Confederate and Southern State currency; counterfeit and altered notes; engravers and engraving companies; portraits and biographies of the famous —and not so famous—on notes; Indians and the meaning of Indian titles of the turn of the Qenturi I. lurid,. United 1titIlit111:11h1, (FUN) Orlundo. January I994 MPI.ntoo11■Inen 0, OM/ I... 4)01 MY. Mr••••• PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 55 banks; famous paintings used as the basis for many vignettes; historical events and allegorical representations on bank notes and scrip; and beginner's guide to pricing and determining value. Other courses of interest include "America's Colonial Coinage and Paper Money," with instructors Ken Bressett, Eric Newman and Tom Rinaldo; "Coins and Bank Notes of 20th-Century Mexico," taught by Richard Long; and "Preparing a Competitive Exhibit," led by Gerald Kochel, John Eshbach and Joe Boling. Classes are held at The Colorado College, adjacent to ANA headquarters. Lodging is provided in dormitories. Tuition, meals and lodging costs $499 for ANA members (double occupancy) and $549 for non-members. A number of optional tours are available. For more information, contact the ANA Edu- cation Department, 818 N. Cascade Ave., Colorado Springs, CO 8093-3279, telephone 719/632-2646, fax 719/634- 4085, E-mail anaedu@money.org . 1999 BEP Souvenir Card Series Marks New Century The United States Bureau of Engraving and Printing (BEP) recently introduced its 1999 series of souvenir cards, which revolves around the theme "Celebrating the Turn of the Century." Each card will pic- ture a silver certificate issued after 1891. The first card in the series, released in January at the Florida United Numismatists (FUN) convention in Or- lando, features a $2 silver certificate (Series 1891) with a portrait of William Win- dom, Secretary of the Treasury from 1881 until 1891. The portrait (Miscellaneous Die #3721) was engraved by William G. Phillips. The original note carried a red seal and the signatures of Register of the Treasury William S. Rosecrans and United States Treasurer Enos H. Nebeker. The FUN souvenir card (#99010) is priced at $6.50; a U.S. Postal Service canceled souvenir card (#99011) is available for $7. To order, write to the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Public Sales Office, Room 515M, 14th and "C" Sts. S.W., Washington, DC 20228; telephone 202/874-3315; or fax 202/874-6147. SPMC Members' Paper Money Exhibits Take ANA Awards in Sacramento The National Money Show in Sacramento, California, March 12-14, marked the first time a Best-in-Show Award was present- ed at an American Numismatic Association spring convention. Two paper money exhibitors, both members of the SPMC, were among the winners. Taking the Second Runner-Up Award for "Fractional Currency—Third Issue 25 Cents" was Robert Laub of Southold, New York (third from left). The People's Choice Award went to Sacramento resident Ross L.Woodman (right) for "Gold Certificates—Series 19128." Also pictured are ANA Chief Judge Joe Boling (left) and Ellis Corets, winner of the Best-in- Show Award. SUPPORT YOUR SPMC DEALERS Look for their membership cards in their cases at coin and paper money shows. Conducted by FORREST DANIEL 56 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY SPMC NEWS How to Submit Manuscripts for Paper Money A club journal is only as good as the articles, and most are unsolicited sub- missions from members. One reason Paper Money is celebrating its 200th volume is that it includes informative, well-researched articles. Why not share your collecting specialty and the infor- mation you've found interesting by submitting a manuscript to Paper Money? Whether you're a previously published author or just thinking about sending in your first article, here's a few tips to consider. Manuscripts should be typed (on one side of paper only), double-spaced with at least 1-inch margins. (Hand- written articles will not be accepted.) Include your name, address, telephone and fax number on the first page. Always keep a copy for your records. Saving a copy of the article text on a 3 V2-inch MAC or DOS disk is ideal and eliminates the chance of keying in typographical errors. Please clearly identify the file name and version of software used. A double-spaced print- out must accompany the disk file. Providing illustrations (or sources of illustrations) will help speed up article preparation and ensure suitability. When providing illustrations, high- quality photocopies are acceptable, as are photographs (black-and-white are best, but color is acceptable as well). Do not send valuable or irreplace- able items. Take care when packaging photographs, and insure the contents as necessary. Illustrations and manuscripts will be returned on request. Publication in a specific issue cannot be guaranteed. Address articles or ques- tions to Marilyn Reback, P.O. Box 1110, Monument, CO 80132. Hard to Counterfeit 44 T HE PAPER MONEY OF THE UNITED STATES isthe least handsome in the world," said the propri- etor of a money exchange. "That is because Government depends entirely upon the intricacy and elaborateness of the designs on its notes and certificates for protection against counterfeiters. In foreign countries, on the other hand, much effort is directed to making their currency beautiful with pic- tures and arabesques in the classical style. Not only are the results pretty to look at, but they serve their chief purpose bet- ter, for any engraver will tell you that real art work on a bill is far more difficult to imitate than any purely mechanical effect, no matter how complicated the latter may be made by the geometric lathe and other devices. "Most beautiful of all paper notes are those issued in France and Prussia. Here is a pretty Austrian bill for 100 florins, printed in blue ink with the design mainly composed of two large standing figures of cherubic children and an oval of children's heads. That seems a queer notion from our point of view for the ornamentation of currency, but it is certainly both interesting and handsome. This is a Russian bill for 100 rubles, done in pink and green. Here you have a Scotch note, issued by the 'British Linen Company,' which promises to pay £.5 on demand. In Great Britain the privilege of issuing paper money can be obtained by corporations other than banks from the Government. "You will need a magnifying glass to examine this note with. It is Irish. The words 'one pound' are printed across it in big letters, but the broad strip extending from one end to the other of the document i[s] a curiosity. To the naked eye, even upon scrutiny, it seems to have no significance, but when mag- nified you will perceive that it is wholly made up of the words con[e] pound' in microscopic letters. From the superficial appearance of the bank of England notes you would suppose that they could be readily imitated by the photography or oth- erwise, inasmuch as their designs consist of very little more than lettering in black that is almost severely simple. But that great financial institution depends altogether upon the water marking of its paper, which is wonderfully elaborate, as you can see by looking at the light through it. This water marking has been imitated, but never with success." —Washington Star.—Sanborn (ND) Enterprise, Dec. 29, 1893. + PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 57 ®B •Happen ng Submitted by BOB COCHRAN Design Changes D R. WILLIAM DARLINGTON, PRESIDENT of the Bankof Chester County, Pennsylvania, was robbed of $51,000 of the bank's notes on December 23, 1847. Darling- ton was returning to West Chester by train from Philadelphia, where he had made one of his regular trips to exchange bank notes. The Bank of Chester County had an arrangement with the Philadelphia Bank to exchange notes of banks in good standing of Philadelphia received in West Chester for notes of his own bank. As recounted by Nelson Page Aspen, after the robbery, all the bank's old notes in circulation were called in and not issued again. A new issue of $540,000 was immediately print- ed; the notes were distinguished from the previous issue by the use of red ink. The bank's 150th Anniversary booklet states: The Bank Directors ordered new notes printed in red ink and with pictorial changes interesting to speculate upon. The $500 bills, which had previously been decorated with a rural scene of farmers making hay, was replaced by "three female figures, one sitting on a block of stone," a tribute perhaps to the increased number of lady depositors. The $1,000 notes, that had been ornamented with a drove of cattle passing a toll gate—did cows pay toll in those days?-was superseded by the "view of a locomotive and cars coming around a curve," proba- bly a subconscious reminder of the danger of carrying money on the railroad. Hoober lists one design each for the $500 and $1,000 notes of the Bank of Chester County. The central design (assumed to be the portion of the ntotes mentioned in the bank booklet) listed for each note is as follows: 441-23 $500 ... (C) Three men, railroad, viaduct, and city, $500 on medallion head at right. W-1460. 441-24 $1000 . . . (C) Train of passenger cars, distant city. W-1461. (The "W" reference number indicates that the description is taken from the listing compiled by D.C. Wismer.) The description for the $1,000 note would appear to be that for the new design issued by the bank after the robbery. The $500 note is difficult to pin down; "three men" could be the farmers referred to in the bank booklet; "farmers making hay" might be confused with "three female figures, one sitting on a block of stone," but it is highly unlikely. The Wismer descriptions do not mention the color of the ink. None of the designs discussed are illustrated in the bank booklet or in Pennsylvania Obsolete Notes and Scrip. Hoober assigns an "R6" rarity rating to the $500 note described, indi- cating 6 to 10 specimens are known. Perhaps someone can provide an illustration to Paper Money; it would be a pleasant surprise if both designs were submitted for publication. References Aspen, Dr. N.P. "A History of the National Bank of Chester County." Paper Money. Vol. 12, No. 1 (1973), pp. 27-29. Hoober, R.T. Pennsylvania Obsolete Notes and Scrip. Society of Paper Money Collectors, Inc., 1985. Shenton, E. 150 Years of a Bank and People. West Chester, PA: National Bank of Chester County and Trust Co., 1964. PHILLIP B. LAMB, LTD. CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, HISTORICAL CONNOISSEUR Avidly Buying and Selling.. CONFEDERATE AUTOGRAPHS, PHOTOGRAPHS, DOCUMENTS, TREASURY NOTES AND BONDS, SLAVE PAPERS, U.C.V., OBSOLETE BANK NOTES, AND GENERAL MEMORABILIA. Superb, Friendly Seri ice. Displaying al major trade shows. PHILLIP B. LAMB P.O. Box 15850 NEW ORLEANS, LA 70175-5850 504-899-4710 QUARTERLY PRICE LISTS: $8 ANNUALLY WANT LISTS INVITED APPRAISALS BY FEE. March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY58 NEW MEMBERS MEMBERSHIP DIRECTOR Frank Clark P.O. Box 117060 Carrollton, TX 75011 9569 Jim Gazdik, P.O.Box 1796, Pittsburgh, PA 15230 (C & D) 9570 Dr. Gene S. Hall (C) 9571 Clifford R. Price (C, NBN) 9572 Johann Armannsson (C, world notes) 9573 J.G. Cargill III (C) sm.-size U.S., FRBN, FRN from Richmond Dist.) 9574 Steve Brown, 310 S. Church St., Snow Hill, MD 21863 (C, Nationals) 9575 Jackson S. Sellwood, P.O. Box 424, Brigantine, NJ 08203-0424 (C, webs, errors, special serial nos.) 9576 Timothy M. Koss, 2580 Dixie Hwy., Waterford, MI 48328 (C, sm.-size notes) 9577 Janice Lewellen, P.O. Box 28, Columbia, CA 95310 (C & D, gold certif., lg.-size notes) 9578 Noel Williams, M.D., 2130 Galindo, Suite #8, Concord, CA 94520 (C & D, gold certif.) 9579 Patrick C. Korte, 1663 Highway E, Bellflower, MO 63333 (C & D, silver certif., legal-tenders) 9580 Richard Brown, 2020 Spring Valley Dr., Clayton, NC 27520 (C, Confederate & Southern States) 9581 Bernard von Nothaus, 1407 Kalakaua Ave., Hono- lulu, HI 96826 (C & D, U.S. Hawaiian & local cur- rencies) 9582 Robert E. Wilson, 10 Ridgetop Dr., St. Louis, MO 63117 (C, 1g.-size type) 9583 R.S. Spalding, 320 N. Park Vista #47, Anaheim, CA 92806 (C, gold & silver certif., lg.-size type, Confederate) 9584 Carl L. Selby, P.O Box 1943, Humble, TX 77347 (C) 9585 Patrick St. Jean, 1529 Wirt Rd. #4, Houston, TX 77055-4935 (C, world, world depicting cats) 9586 Channing Applegarth, 2769 Enterprise Rd. East #68, Clearwater, FL 33759 (C) 9587 Roy R. Rice Jr., 2068 Wrightsboro Rd., Augusta, GA 30904 (C, sm.-size notes, fract.) 9588 Anthony A. Lenzi, P.O. Box 191, Kincaid, IL 62540-0191 (C) 9589 Salvatore V. Arrabito, 165 Willard Ave., Staten Island, NY 10314-2259 (C) 9590 John B. King, 1039 Silverstrand Dr., Naples, FL 34110 (C) 9591 David E. Ragsdale, 264 Crossroads Estates Dr., Newnan, GA 30265 (C) 9592 Dan Minix, P.O. Box 477, Fitzgerald, GA 312750- 0477 (C, Georgia & Alabama Nationals) 9593 Craig A. Rathkamp, 11442 Alberni Ave., Lake View Terrace, CA 91342-6901 (C & D, lg. denom., type, Nationals) 9594 Thomas Mitchell, P.O. Box 3262, Brentwood, TN 37024 (C) 9595 Juan A. Canoura, 2500 W. 56th St. #1416, Hialeah, FL 33016 (C) 9596 Tim Prusmack, 4321 Gator Trace Dr., Ft. Pierce, FL 34982-6806 (C & D, money art) 9597 Terry Shepardson, 8241 N.W. 185 Ter., Hialeah, FL 33015-2646 (C) 9598 Robert D. Wilson, 2010 Joanne Ln., Champaign, IL 61821-1504 (C, sm. type, special nos., lg. type, obs.) 9599 Ed Rochette, P.O. Box 7083, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 (C) 9600 Michael J. Fiore, 1420 Kenwal Rd., #6, Concord, CA 94521 (C, lg.- & sm. type, early Phiippine) 9601 Robert K. Myles, 2055 Regent St., Reno, NV 89509-3133 (Cm, world commems, Latin American fract.) 9602 Patrick M. Parkinson, 10405 Lloyd Rd. Potomac, MD 20854 (C, Early American banking ephemera 1782-1866) 9603 Patricia A. Lewis, 1512 Center St., Pittsburgh, PA 15221 (C) 9604 David Pilger, 3302 Ottawa Ln., Cooper City, FL 33026 (C, tract.) 9605 Ed Stevens, 4820 N. Troy St., Chicago, IL 60625- 4210 (C & D, lg. & sm. type) 9606 Nicholas Suida, 459 Woodward Ave., Ridgewood, NY 11385 (C, lg . . type & star notes) 9607 John W. Malsberger, 229 N. 8th St., Allentown, PA 18102-4061 (C, obs., lg.-size Nationals, Depression scrip) 9608 Louis J. Padgug, 4804 Monument Dr., Sacramento, CA 95842 (C, MPC, CSA, U.S. lg. & sm., frac.) 9609 Mike Smith, P.O. Box 24006, San Jose, CA 95154 (C & D) 9610 Marijo A. Marino, 257 Crabapple Rd., Manhasset, NY 11030 (C, lg.) 9611 Mike Burns, 13455 S.W. Brittany Dr., Tigard, OR 97223 (C, Oregon Nationals) 9612 David Herr, 812 Lincoln Way, Auburn, CA 95603 (C & D, U.S.) 9613 Kory Thompson, 3600 Dixie Dr., Harrah, OK 73045 (C, obs., silver & gold certif.) 9614 Joseph A. Vancora, 8157 Field Dr., Niles, IL 60714 (C) 9615 Larry A. Mayberry, 417 E. Elm St., Skiatook, OK 74007-2221 (C) 9616 Robert B. Slobins, 5302 Springfield #226, Laredo, TX 78041 (C & D, 19th-cent. Brazil, Nationals) Change of Address: LM265 Roger Moulton, 821 E. Woodward, Austin, TX 78704 PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 59 CHECK THE "GREENSHEET" GET 10 OFFERS THEN CALL ME (OR WRITE) FOR MY TOP BUYING PRICES The Kagin name appears more often than any other in the pedigrees of the rarest and scarcest notes (U.S. Paper Money Records by Gengerke). BUY ALL U.S. CURRENCY Good to Gem Unc. I know rarity (have handled over 95% of U.S. in Friedberg) and condition (pay over "ask" for some) and am prepared to "reach" for it. Premium Prices Paid For Nationals (Pay 2-3 times "book" prices for some). BUY EVERYTHING: Uncut Sheets, Errors, Stars, Special Numbers, etc. I can't sell what I don't have Pay Cash (no waiting) No Deal Too Large A.M. ("Art") KAGIN 910 Insurance Exchange Bldg. Des Moines, Iowa 50309 (515) 243-7363 Fax: (515) 288-8681 At 79 Now is The Time — Currency & Coin Dealer Over 50 Years I attend about 25 Currency-Coin Shows per year Visit Most States (Call, Fax or Write for Appointment) Collector Since 1928 Professional Since 1933 *Founding Member PNG, Pres, 1963-64 ANA Life Member 103, Governor 1983-87 ANA 50-Year Gold Medal Recipient 1988 r 1 William Youngerman, Inc. Rare Coins & Currency "Since 1967" P.O. Box 177, Boca Raton, FL 33429-0177 '1111,1; Your Hometown Currency Headquarters Top prices paid for National Currency Collections, Large-Size Type Notes, All Florida Currency and Scrip Largest Inventory of National Currency & Large-Size Type Notes! Interested? Call 1-800-327-5010 for a Free Catalog or write it1 EARLY AMERICAN NUMISMATICS We maintain the LARGEST ACTIVE INVENTORY IN THE WORLD!,--cQu- • 619-273-3566 COLONIAL & CONTINENTAL CURRENCY SEND US YOUR WANT LISTS. FREE PRICE LISTS AVAILABLE. SPECIALIZING IN: q Colonial Coins q Colonial Currency q Rare & Choice Type Coins q Pre-1800 Fiscal Paper q Encased Postage Stamps EARLY AMERICAN NUMISMATICS c/o Dana Linett P.O. Box 2442 • LaJolla, CA 92038 619-273-3566 Members: Life ANA, CSNA, EAC, SPMC, FUN ANACS SERVICES: q Portfolio Development U Major Show Coverage q Auction Attendance 60 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY L J BUYING AND SELLING PAPER MONEY U.S., All types Thousands of Nationals, Large and Small, Silver Certificates, U.S. Notes, Gold Certificates, Treasury Notes, Federal Reserve Notes, Fractional, Continental, Colonial, Obsoletes, Depression Scrip, Checks, Stocks, etc. Foreign Notes from over 250 Countries Paper Money Books and Supplies Send us your Want List ... or ... Ship your material for a fair offer LOWELL C. HORWEDEL P.O. BOX 2395 WEST LAFAYETTE, IN 47906 SPMC # 2907 ANA LM #1503 Bank History Books • Published Bank Histories, over 200 Different, from Almost all States and Canada, 1882 to Present. • State and Regional Banking Histories, over 40 Different, mid-1800s to 1920s • Bank Directories & RR Manuals, Occasionally • Research Materials, Collateral Items for your Paper Money or Check Collection • Inquire by Author, Bank Name, or State of Interest OREGON PAPER MONEY EXCHANGE 6802 SW 33rd Place Portland, OR 97219 (503) 245-3659 Fax (503) 244-2977 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY 61 PAPER MONEY will accept classified advertising—from members only—on a basis of I5e per word, with a minimum charge of $3.75. The primary purpose of the ads is to assist members in exchanging, buying, selling or locating special- ized material and disposing of duplicates. Copy must be non-commercial in nature. Copy must be legibly printed or typed, accompanied by prepayment made payable to "Society of Paper Money Collectors" and reach Editor Marilyn Reback, P.O. Box 1110, Monument,CO 80132, by the first of the month pre- ceding the month of issue (i.e., Dec. 1 for Jan./Feb. issue). Word count: Name and address count as five words. All other words and abbreviations, figure combinations and initials count as separate words. No check copies. 10% discount for four or more insertions of the same copy. Sample ad and word count: WANTED: CONFEDERATE FACSIMILES by Upham for cash or trade for FRN block letters. SI SC, U.S. obsolete. John W. Member, 000 Last St., New York, NY 10015. (22 words, cost S2. SC, U.S. and FRN each count as one word) STOCKS & BONDS wanted! All types purchased including rail- road, mining, oil, zoos, aviation. Frank Hammelbachcr, Box 660077, Flushing, NY 11366. 718-380-4009; fax 718-380-4009) or E-mail (norrico@compuserve.com). (205) STOCK CERTIFICATES, BONDS, 40-page list for two 32c stamps. 50 different $25; three lots $60. 15 different railroads, most picturing trains $26, three lots $63. Clinton Hollins, Box 112, Dept. P, Springfield, VA 22150-0112. (208) WANTED OHIO NBNs. Please send list. Also, want LOWELL, TYLER, RYAN, WHITNEY, JORDAN, O'NIELL. Thanks for your help. 419-865-5115. Lowell Yoder, POB 444, Holland, OH 43528. (207) WANTED: STOCKS AND BONDS. Railroad, Mining, City, State, CSA, etc., etc. Also wanted Obsolete and CSA Currency. Always Paying Top Dollar. Richard T. Hoober, Jr., P.O. Box 3116, Key Largo, FL 33037. Phone or FAX (305)853-0105. (203) NYC WANTED: ISSUED NYC, Brooklyn, Williamsburgh obso- letes, any obsoletes from locations within present-day Manhattan, Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, Staten Island. Steve Goldberg, Box 402, Laurel, MD 20725-0402. (204) WANTED: VERMONT OBSOLETES & NATIONALS. Please send list. Also want books and articles on Vermont notes. George Parker, 564 Mission #611, San Francisco, CA 94105; 415/954-4313, georgep@pobox.com (202) FOR SALE. ALL STATES. I have many extra paper items available for sale. Scrip, coupons, chits, advertising notes, Depression scrip, col- lege notes, interesting old transportation tickets, etc. Please specify your interest. Photocopies available. I collect miscellaneous scrip, Depression scrip, coupons, and old transportation tickets (trolley, stage, railroad, bridge, ferry, tollroad, etc.) and am always eager to buy such items. Dan Benice, Box 5708, Cary, NC 27512. (200) WEB COLLECTORS: Have available notes from a small run of 1988A A-F block Webs Front plates; back 6 Gem CU $32 + $2 postage for certified mail if desired. Roger Moulton, 821 E. Woodward, Austin, TX 78706. (200) E11221107COMIIMMICLMALICLUZI732111.11.11:10117111iT. ' twilkwittiNittgrfatadillkt ti74 3 l NW/MAI-Zitd oke, ..■4 no: "'MO,. mataxnarrrtnr.11.1.1-rn,cum.ra ucrlaurr, rt. . ITT ./1"Ati/rt: CANADIAN BOUGHT AND SOLD • CHARTERED BANK NOTES. • DOMINION OF CANADA. • BANK OF CANADA. • CHEQUES, SCRIP, BONDS & BOOKS. FREE PRICE LIST CHARLES D. MOORE P.O. BOX 5233P WALNUT CREEK, CA 94596-5233 (925) 946-0150 Fax (925) 930-7710 LIFE MEMBER A.N.A. #1995 C.N.A. #143 C.P.M.S. #11 HARRY IS BUYING NATIONALS — LARGE AND SMALL UNCUT SHEETS TYPE NOTES UNUSUAL SERIAL NUMBERS OBSOLETES ERRORS HARRY E. JONES PO Box 30369 Cleveland, Ohio 44130 216-884-0701 Maim MEMBERANA Million Dollar Buying Spree Currency: Nationals MPC Lg. & Sm. Type Fractional Obsolete Foreign Stocks • Bonds • Checks • Coins Stamps • Gold • Silver Platinum • Antique Watches Political Items • Postcards Baseball Cards • Masonic Items Hummels • Doultons Nearly Everything Collectible 399 S. State Street - Westerville, OH 43081 1-614.882-3937 1-800-848-3966 outside Ohio LJle Member 8j4-EST. 1 960 "10101:91••amf.4- COIN SHOP INC SEND FOR OUR COMPLETE PRICE LIST FREE PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 20062 CURRENCY CHECKLIST UNITED STATES SMALL SIZE By TYPE. 1928 to Date. Legal Tender—Silver Certificates Gold Certs.—Hawaii—North Africa NBN—FRBN—FRN. 3 3/4 x 7 3/4 in. $1 0.95 postpaid. SPMC. BERGS P.O. Box 1732, Bismarck, ND 58502 Sign up a new member! Application on page 52. Buying & Selling National Bank Notes, Uncut Sheets, Proofs, No. 1 Notes, Gold Certificates, Large-Size Type Error Notes, Star Notes. Commercial Coin Co. P.O. Box 607 Camp Hill, PA 17001 Phone 717-737-8981 nr-I'VM; Fill:.I' Nrrtt".1119/ TIE UV HILL $1111111 CAMP I Mi. PENSIStLYANIA 1 DOLL.11.1!, Life Member ANA 639 BOOKS ON PAPER MONEY & RELATED SUBJECTS The Engraver's Line: An Encyclopedia of Paper Money & National Bank Notes, Kelly $45 Postage Stamp Art, Hessler $85 U.S. National Bank Notes & Their Seals, Prather 40 Comprehensive Catalog of U.S. Paper Money Paper Money of the U.S., Friedberg 24 Errors, Bart 35 Prisoner of War & Concentration Camp Money of the The Comprehensive Catalog of U.S. Paper Money, Hessler 40 20th Century, Campbell Small-Size U.S. Paper Money 1928 to Date, Oakes & 35 U.S. Essay, Proof & Specimen Notes, Hessler 19 Schwartz, Softbound 25 The Houston Heritage Collection of National Bank World Paper Money, 7th edition, general issues 55 Notes 1863-1935, Logan 25 World Paper Money, 7th edition, specialized issues 60 10% off five or more books • SHIPPING: $3 for one book, $4 for two books, $5 for three or more books. All books are in new condition & hardbound unless otherwise noted. CLASSIC COINS - P.O. BOX 95 - ALLEN, MI 49227 MYLAR D CURRENCY HOLDERS PRICED AS FOLLOWS BANK NOTE AND CHECK HOLDERS SIZE INCHES 50 100 500 1000 Fractional 43/4 x 3 3/4 $17.75 $32.50 $147.00 $255.00 Colonial 51/2 x 31/46 18.75 35.00 159.00 295.00 Small Currency 08 x 2 78 19.00 36.50 163.00 305.00 Large Currency 7 1 /s x 3 1/4 23.00 42.50 195.00 365.00 Auction 9 x 3 3/4 26.75 50.00 243.00 439.00 Foreign Currency 8 x 5 30.00 56.00 256.00 460.00 Checks 95/8 x 4 1 /4 28.25 52.50 240.00 444.00 SHEET HOLDERS SIZE INCHES 10 50 100 250 Obsolete Sheet End Open 81/4 x 14 1/2 $13.00 $60.00 $100.00 $230.00 National Sheet Side Open 81/4 x 17'/2 25.00 100.00 180.00 425.00 Stock Certificate End Open 91/2 x 12 1/2 12.50 57.50 95.00 212.50 Map & Bond Size End Open 18 x 24 48.00 225.00 370.00 850.00 You may assort note holders for best price (min. 50 pcs. one size). You may assort sheet holders for best price (min. 5 pcs. one size) (min. 10 pcs. total). SHIPPING IN THE U.S. (PARCEL POST) FREE OF CHARGE Mylar D° is a Registered Trademark of the Dupont Corporation. This also applies to uncoated archival quality Mylar° Type D by the Dupont Corp. or the equivalent material by ICI Industries Corp. Mel i nex Type 516. DENLY'S OF BOSTON P.O. Box 1010, Boston, MA 02205 • 617-482-8477 ORDERS ONLY: 800-HI-DENLY • FAX 617-357-8163 1 • k I 1 trill. AT•tillS, willMrwrnalers-von tv.us 111 NAV .Y.Lar.34.1 /0 pi I '4St,VA‘*'' }14N ipitrAivez-falo / • f Cirg- 111,11-111,r1 TADAO:Al' TIE FIR31 IIITIONMI IIA1 IF I F SUEUR 1,1113 DOLLAHS C000179A I COLLECT MINNESOTA OBSOLETE CURRENCY and NATIONAL BANK NOTES Please offer what you have for sale. Charles C. Parrish P.O.Box 481 Rosemount, Minnesota 55068 (612) 423-1039 SPMC LM 114 -PCDA-LM ANA Since 1976 March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 • PAPER MONEY 63 WORLD PAPER MONEY specialized in Poland, Russia & E. Europe visit us: http://www.atsnotes.com ats@atsnotes.com Buy & Sell Free Price List Tom Sluszkiewicz P.O. Box 54521, Middlegate Postal BURNABY, B.C., CANADA, V5E 4J6 AD INDEX ALLEN'S COIN SHOP 62 BOWERS & MERENA GALLERIES IBC BERGS 62 N.B. BUCKMAN 64 CPMX 29 COMMERCIAL COIN CO . 63 CLASSIC COINS 63 DENLY'S OF BOSTON 63 EARLY AMERICAN NUMISMATICS 60 RICHARD T. HOOBER 64 HORDWEDEL, LOWELL C. 61 JONES, HARRY 62 KAGIN, A.M. 59 KRAUSE PUBLICATIONS OBC LAMB, PHILLIP B. 56 MOORE, CHARLES D. 62 MORYCZ, STANLEY 51 NUMISVALU, INC. 64 OREGON PAPER MONEY EXCHANGE . . . 61 PARRISH, CHARLES C. 63 PHEATT, WILLIAM H. 64 SHULL, HUGH 2 SLUSZKIEWICZ, TOM 64 SMYTHE, R.M IFC YOUNGERMAN, WILLIAM, INC. 60 64 PAPER MONEY • March/April 1999 • Whole No. 200 UMIS -L7UINc. P.O. BOX 84 • NANUET, N.Y 10954 OBSOLETE CURRENCY, NATIONALS, U.S. TYPE, UNCUT SHEETS, PROOFS, SCRIP. BUYING / SELLING: Periodic Price Lists available: Obsoletes($3 applicable to order), Nationals, & U.S. Large & Small Size Type. PHONE or FAX BARRY WEXLER, Pres. Member: SPMC, PCDA, ANA, FUN, GENA, ASCC (914) 352.9077 Buying & Selling Foreign Banknotes Send for free List William H. Pheatt 6443 Kenneth Ave. Orangevale, CA 95662, U.S.A. Phone 916-722-6246 Fax 916-722-8689 Always Wanted Monmouth County, New Jersey Obsoletes — Nationals — Scrip Histories and Memorabilia Allenhnrst — Allentown — Asbu ry Park — Atlantic Highlands — Belmar Bradley Beach — Eatontown — Englishtown — Freehold — Howell Keansburg — Keyport — Long Branch — Manasquan — Matawan Middletown — Ocean Grove — Red Bank — Sea Bright — Spring Lake N.B. Buckman P.O. Box 608, Ocean Grove, NJ 07756 800-553-6163 Fax: 732-922-5055 r OBSOLETE NOTES 1 I Also CSA, Continental & Colonial, I I & Stocks & Bonds,Autographs Civil War Related Material I LARGE CAT. $2.00 Ref. IAlways Buying at Top Prices I IRICHARD T. HOOBER, JR. I P.O. Box 3116, Key Largo, FL 33037 I L. FAX or Phone (305) 853-0105 itc0 *titta; 04§0,11BREHDOE4t9 A $5 Federal Reserve Bank note. F-782* in EF realized $7,150. A $100 One-Year Note, believed to be unique, realized $8,250. NallOnal Haul ENVATICCCIIMPLII ealize Top Market Price for Your Paper Money! The currency market is hot! In recent months we have seen a tremendous amount of buying activity and invite you to jump on the bandwagon. Consider selling your important notes and currency items in one of our upcoming auctions to be held in New York City or in conjunction with the Suburban Washington/Baltimore Convention. The same bidders who helped set world record prices in our recent sales will compete for your currency items as well. Call Q. David Bowers, Chairman of the Board, or John Pack, Auction Manager, at 1-800-458-4646 to reserve a space for your material. We can even provide a cash advance if you desire. It may be the most financially rewarding decision you have ever made. A cut sheet of four $10 Legal Tender notes. F-123 in Average New to Choice New realized $17,600. A $10 Silver Certificate. F-1700 in Gem New realized $8,800. An Interest Bearing $5,000 Proof Note realized $11,000. An Uncirculated Lazy Two $2 note from the State of Missouri,Auctions by Town of California realized $4,840. Bowers and Merena, Inc. Box 1224 • Wolfeboro, NH 03894 • 800-458-4646 • FAX: 603-569-5319 • www.bowersandmerena.com To receive a tREE catalog or to place a credit card order, Call 800-258-0929 Dept. N915 Mon-Fri, 7 a.m. - 8 p.m. • Sat, 8 a.m. - 2 p.m., CST 51,000 prices in ONE NM eighth edition standard catalog of WOR MEN specialized issues II volume one Additional historical facts plus illustrations gleaned from the archives of the American Bank Note Company ■ Detailed eears nd restricted circulation coverage • Documents 250 of issues • 370 issuing authorities Nearly 17,500 notes • 8,200 original photos • Fully revised market valuations R. Brute II, Senior Editor • Neil Shafer, Editor NEW EDITION oLgs,. Ltalk. of World Paper Money, Specialized Issues Volume 1, 8th Edition by Colin R. Bruce II, Senior Editor/Neil Shafer, Editor More than 51,000 updated prices for more than 17,000 notes are presented along with more than 8,000 photos of faces AND backs for easy identification. Helpful exchange and transla- tion information lets you tour this special world with ease and accuracy. Hardcover • 8-1/2 x 11 1,184 pages 8,000 b&w photos PS08 • $60.00 Mail to: Krause Publications, 700 E State St, Iola, WI 54990 Or Visit and order from our secure web site: www.krause.com Dealers can call toll-free 888-457-2873 ext. 880 8 am - 5 pm M-F Qty Code Price Total Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, Specialised Issues PS08 $60.00 Shipping Subtotal Shipping & Handling: Book Post - $3.25 1st book; $2 ea. add'!. Call for Overnight or UPS delivery rates. Tax Foreign addresses $15 per shipment plus $5.95 per book. Sales tax: WI res. 5.5%; IL res. 6.25%. Total A T-S